Journal of dental research最新文献

{"title":"Improved Visualization of Oral Microbial Consortia.","authors":"S T Ramirez-Puebla, J L Mark Welch, G G Borisy","doi":"10.1177/00220345241251784","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00220345241251784","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bacteria on the tongue dorsum (TD) form consortia tens to hundreds of microns in diameter organized around a core of epithelial cells. Whole-mount preparations have been instrumental in revealing their organization and specific microbial associations. However, their thickness and intricate 3-dimensional complexity present challenges for a comprehensive spatial analysis. To overcome these challenges, we employed a complementary approach: embedding in hydrophilic plastic followed by sectioning and postsectioning labeling. Samples were labeled by hybridization with multiplexed fluorescent oligonucleotide probes and visualized by spectral imaging and linear unmixing. Application of this strategy to TD biofilms improved the visualization of bacteria that were difficult to resolve in whole-mount imaging. <i>Actinomyces</i>, previously detected as patches, became resolved at the single-cell level. The filamentous taxa <i>Leptotrichia</i> and Lachnospiraceae, located at the core of the consortium, were regularly visualized whereas previously they were rarely detected when using whole mounts. <i>Streptococcus salivarius</i>, heterogeneously detected in whole mounts, were regularly and homogenously observed. Two-dimensional images provide valuable information about the organization of bacterial biofilms. However, they offer only a single plane of view for objects that can extend to hundreds of microns in thickness, and information obtained from such images may not always reflect the complexity of a 3-dimensional object. We combined serial physical sectioning with optical sectioning to facilitate the 3-dimensional reconstruction of consortia, spanning over 100 µm in thickness. Our work showcases the use of hydrophilic plastic embedding and sectioning for examining the structure of TD biofilms through spectral imaging fluorescence in situ hybridization. The result was improved visualization of important members of the human oral microbiome. This technique serves as a complementary method to the previously employed whole-mount analysis, offering its own set of advantages and limitations. Addressing the spatial complexity of bacterial consortia demands a multifaceted approach for a comprehensive and effective analysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":94075,"journal":{"name":"Journal of dental research","volume":" ","pages":"1421-1427"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11653304/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141201667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent Advances in Intraoral Scanners.","authors":"F Eggmann, M B Blatz","doi":"10.1177/00220345241271937","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00220345241271937","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Intraoral scanners (IOSs) have emerged as a cornerstone technology in digital dentistry. This article examines the recent advancements and multifaceted applications of IOSs, highlighting their benefits in patient care and addressing their current limitations. The IOS market has seen a competitive surge. Modern IOSs, featuring continuous image capture and advanced software for seamless image stitching, have made the scanning process more efficient. Patient comfort with IOS procedures is favorable, mitigating the discomfort associated with conventional impression taking. There has been a shift toward open data interfaces, notably enhancing interoperability. However, the integration of IOSs into large dental institutions is slow, facing challenges such as compatibility with existing health record systems and extensive data storage management. IOSs now extend beyond their use in computer-aided design and manufacturing, with software solutions transforming them into platforms for diagnostics, patient communication, and treatment planning. Several IOSs are equipped with tools for caries detection, employing fluorescence technologies or near-infrared imaging to identify carious lesions. IOSs facilitate quantitative monitoring of tooth wear and soft-tissue dimensions. For precise tooth segmentation in intraoral scans, essential for orthodontic applications, developers are leveraging innovative deep neural network-based approaches. The clinical performance of restorations fabricated based on intraoral scans has proven to be comparable to those obtained using conventional impressions, substantiating the reliability of IOSs in restorative dentistry. In oral and maxillofacial surgery, IOSs enhance airway safety during impression taking and aid in treating conditions such as cleft lip and palate, among other congenital craniofacial disorders, across diverse age groups. While IOSs have improved various aspects of dental care, ongoing enhancements in usability, diagnostic accuracy, and image segmentation are crucial to exploit the potential of this technology in optimizing patient care.</p>","PeriodicalId":94075,"journal":{"name":"Journal of dental research","volume":" ","pages":"1349-1357"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11633065/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142396340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geo-Net: Geometry-Guided Pretraining for Tooth Point Cloud Segmentation.","authors":"Y Liu, X Liu, C Yang, Y Yang, H Chen, Y Yuan","doi":"10.1177/00220345241292566","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00220345241292566","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Accurately delineating individual teeth in 3-dimensional tooth point clouds is an important orthodontic application. Learning-based segmentation methods rely on labeled datasets, which are typically limited in scale due to the labor-intensive process of annotating each tooth. In this article, we propose a self-supervised pretraining framework, named Geo-Net, to boost segmentation performance by leveraging large-scale unlabeled data. The framework is based on the scalable masked autoencoders, and 2 geometry-guided designs, curvature-aware patching algorithm (CPA) and scale-aware reconstruction (SCR), are proposed to enhance the masked pretraining for tooth point cloud segmentation. In particular, CPA is designed to assemble informative patches as the reconstruction unit, guided by the estimated pointwise curvatures. Aimed at equipping the pretrained encoder with scale-aware modeling capacity, we also propose SCR to perform multiple reconstructions across shallow and deep layers. In vitro experiments reveal that after pretraining with large-scale unlabeled data, the proposed Geo-Net can outperform the supervised counterparts in mean Intersection of Union (mIoU) with the same amount of annotated labeled data. The code and data are available at https://github.com/yifliu3/Geo-Net.</p>","PeriodicalId":94075,"journal":{"name":"Journal of dental research","volume":" ","pages":"1358-1364"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11653261/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142645292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Visualization of Pulpal Structures by SWIR in Endodontic Access Preparation.","authors":"L Benz, K Heck, D Hevisov, D Kugelmann, P-C Tseng, Z Sreij, F Litzenburger, J Waschke, F Schwendicke, A Kienle, R Hickel, K-H Kunzelmann, E Walter","doi":"10.1177/00220345241262949","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00220345241262949","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Endodontic access preparation is one of the initial steps in root canal treatments and can be hindered by the obliteration of pulp canals and formation of tertiary dentin. Until now, methods for direct intraoperative visualization of the 3-dimensional anatomy of teeth have been missing. Here, we evaluate the use of shortwave infrared radiation (SWIR) for navigation during stepwise access preparation. Nine teeth (3 anteriors, 3 premolars, and 3 molars) were explanted <i>en bloc</i> with intact periodontium including alveolar bone and mucosa from the upper or lower jaw of human body donors. Analysis was performed at baseline as well as at preparation depths of 5 mm, 7 mm, and 9 mm, respectively. For reflection, SWIR was used at a wavelength of 1,550 nm from the occlusal direction, whereas for transillumination, SWIR was passed through each sample at the marginal gingiva from the buccal as well as oral side at a wavelength of 1,300 nm. Pulpal structures could be identified as darker areas approximately 2 mm before reaching the pulp chamber using SWIR transillumination, although they were indistinguishable under normal circumstances. Furcation areas in molars appeared with higher intensity than areas with canals. The location of pulpal structures was confirmed by superimposition of segmented micro-computed tomography (µCT) images. By radiomic analysis, significant differences between pulpal and parapulpal areas could be detected in image features. With hierarchical cluster analysis, both segments could be confirmed and associated with specific clusters. The local thickness of µCTs was calculated and correlated with SWIR transillumination images, by which a linear dependency of thickness and intensity could be demonstrated. Lastly, by <i>in silico</i> simulations of light propagation, dentin tubules were shown to be a crucial factor for understanding the visibility of the pulp. In conclusion, SWIR transillumination may allow direct clinical live navigation during endodontic access preparation.</p>","PeriodicalId":94075,"journal":{"name":"Journal of dental research","volume":" ","pages":"1375-1383"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11633072/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141891378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Terahertz Imaging Detects Oral Cariogenic Microbial Domains Characteristics.","authors":"A Zhang, L Lei, L Cheng, H Yin, C Zhang, J Luo, F Wu, M Hu, R Cheng, T Hu","doi":"10.1177/00220345241287733","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00220345241287733","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dental caries, associated with plaque biofilm, is highly prevalent and significantly burdens public health. <i>Streptococcus mutans</i> is the main cariogenic bacteria that adheres to the tooth surface and forms an abundant extracellular polysaccharide matrix (EPS) as a cariogenic biofilm scaffold. <i>S. mutans</i> RNase III-encoding gene (<i>rnc</i>) and a putative chromosome segregation protein-encoding gene (<i>smc</i>) are potentially associated with EPS production. In addition, complex interactions between <i>S. mutans</i> and other oral microorganisms synergistically or antagonistically affect the cariogenicity. Commensal streptococci suppress the growth of cariogenic pathogens, whereas <i>Candida albicans</i> mediates the formation of cariogenic biofilm through aggregation and dual-species biofilm formation with <i>S. mutans</i>. However, label-free detection of cariogenic microbial interactions with the EPS matrix is still challenging during laboratory investigations. Herein, we hypothesized that the <i>S. mutans rnc-smc</i> operon affects EPS production and aimed to observe streptococci, <i>S. mutans</i>, and <i>S. mutans-C. albicans</i> using terahertz scanning near-field optical microscopy (THz s-SNOM). The light in the 0.1- to 0.3-THz frequency range interacted with the sample through a nano-probe tip by a point-by-point scanning process. Additional noise reduction of the original image was achieved by a dual kernel Gaussian filter. The monospecies of streptococci, <i>S. mutans smc/rnc</i> mutants, and the dual-species of <i>S. mutans-C. albicans</i> were scanned by THz s-SNOM. This technique provided terahertz near-field scanning images of <i>S. mutans smc/rnc</i> mutants, streptococci, and dual-species of <i>S. mutans-C. albicans</i>. Additional analysis of the original images potentially revealed the structures of the strains, such as cell diameters and cell wall thickness. In conclusion, the results suggested that the <i>S. mutans rnc-smc</i> operon regulates EPS production. Furthermore, this novel label-free detection of a THz near-field scanning technique had the potential to observe the morphologies of bacterial cells and EPS matrix.</p>","PeriodicalId":94075,"journal":{"name":"Journal of dental research","volume":" ","pages":"1428-1436"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11653314/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142684019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Periodontitis and Diabetes Differentially Affect Inflammation in Obesity.","authors":"S SantaCruz-Calvo, S Saraswat, H Hasturk, D R Dawson, X D Zhang, B S Nikolajczyk","doi":"10.1177/00220345241280743","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00220345241280743","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Periodontitis (PD) potentiates systemic inflammatory diseases and fuels a feed-forward loop of pathogenic inflammation in obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Published work in this area often conflates obesity with obesity-associated T2D; thus, it remains unclear whether PD similarly affects the inflammatory profiles of these 2 distinct systemic diseases. We collected peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from cross-sectionally recruited subjects to estimate the ability of PD to affect cytokine production in human obesity and/or T2D. We analyzed 2 major sources of systemic inflammation: T cells and myeloid cells. Bioplex quantitated cytokines secreted by PBMCs stimulated with T cell- or myeloid-targeting activators, and we combinatorially analyzed outcomes using partial least squares discriminant analysis. Our data show that PD significantly shifts peripheral T cell- and myeloid-generated inflammation in obesity. PD also changed myeloid- but not T cell-generated inflammation in T2D. T2D changed inflammation in samples from subjects with PD, and PD changed inflammation in samples from subjects with T2D, consistent with the bidirectional relationship of inflammation between these 2 conditions. PBMCs from T2D subjects with stage IV PD produced lower amounts of T cell and myeloid cytokines compared with PBMCs from T2D subjects with stage II to III PD. We conclude that PD and T2D affect systemic inflammation through overlapping but nonidentical mechanisms in obesity, indicating that characterizing both oral and metabolic status (beyond obesity) is critical for identifying mechanisms linking PD to systemic diseases such as obesity and T2D. The finding that stage IV PD cells generate fewer cytokines in T2D provides an explanation for the paradoxical findings that the immune system can appear activated or suppressed in PD, given that many studies do not report PD stage. Finally, our data indicate that a focus on multiple cellular sources of cytokines will be imperative to clinically address the systemic effects of PD in people with obesity.</p>","PeriodicalId":94075,"journal":{"name":"Journal of dental research","volume":" ","pages":"1313-1322"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11653319/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142396339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epithelial RANKL Limits Experimental Periodontitis via Langerhans Cells.","authors":"Y Netanely, O Barel, R Naamneh, Y Jaber, S Yacoub, Y Saba, K Zubeidat, O Saar, L Eli-Berchoer, S Yona, A Brand, T Capucha, A Wilensky, K Loser, B E Clausen, A-H Hovav","doi":"10.1177/00220345241274370","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00220345241274370","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Due to its capacity to drive osteoclast differentiation, the receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-β ligand (RANKL) is believed to exert a pathological influence in periodontitis. However, RANKL was initially identified as an activator of dendritic cells (DCs), expressed by T cells, and exhibits diverse effects on the immune system. Hence, it is probable that RANKL, acting as a bridge between the bone and immune systems, plays a more intricate role in periodontitis. Using ligature-induced periodontitis (LIP), rapid alveolar bone loss was detected that was later halted even though the ligature was still present. This late phase of LIP was also linked with immunosuppressive conditions in the gingiva. Further investigation revealed that the ligature prompted an immediate migration of RANK-expressing Langerhans cells (LCs) and EpCAM⁺ DCs, the antigen-presenting cells (APCs) of the gingival epithelium, to the lymph nodes, followed by an expansion of T regulatory (Treg) cells in the gingiva. Subsequently, the ligatured gingiva was repopulated by monocyte-derived RANK-expressing EpCAM⁺ DCs, while gingival epithelial cells upregulated RANKL expression. Blocking RANKL signaling with monoclonal antibodies significantly reduced the frequencies of Treg cells in the gingiva and prevented gingival immunosuppression. In addition, RANKL signaling facilitated the differentiation of LCs from bone marrow precursors. To further investigate the role of RANKL, we used K14-RANKL mice, in which RANKL is overexpressed by gingival epithelial cells. The elevated RANKL expression shifted the steady-state frequencies of LCs and EpCAM⁺ DCs within the epithelium, favoring LCs over EpCAM⁺ DCs. Following ligature placement, heightened levels of Treg cells were observed in the gingiva of K14-RANKL mice, and alveolar bone loss was significantly reduced. These findings suggest that RANKL-RANK interactions between gingival epithelial cells and APCs are crucial for suppressing gingival inflammation, highlighting a protective immunological role for RANKL in periodontitis that was overlooked due to its osteoclastogenic activity.</p>","PeriodicalId":94075,"journal":{"name":"Journal of dental research","volume":" ","pages":"1281-1290"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11653287/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142383007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surrogate Endpoints: CONSORT and SPIRIT Extensions.","authors":"F Schwendicke, N S Jakubovics","doi":"10.1177/00220345241275479","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00220345241275479","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94075,"journal":{"name":"Journal of dental research","volume":" ","pages":"1163-1164"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11562281/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142383009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nuclear TOP1MT Confers Cisplatin Resistance via Pseudogene in HNSCC.","authors":"T Tong, P S Zhai, X Qin, Z Zhang, C W Li, H Y Guo, H L Ma","doi":"10.1177/00220345241272017","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00220345241272017","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cisplatin resistance is one of the major causes of treatment failure in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). There is an urgent need to uncover the underlying mechanism for developing effective treatment strategies. A quantitative proteomics assay was used to identify differential proteins in cisplatin-resistant cells. Mitochondrial topoisomerase I (TOP1MT) localization was determined using laser confocal microscopy and nucleocytoplasmic separation assay. Chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing, dual-luciferase reporter assay, and RNA immunoprecipitation were used to identify the interaction between pseudogenes, miRNAs, and real genes. In vivo experiments verified the interaction between TOP1MT and pseudogenes on cisplatin resistance. TOP1MT was identified as a driving factor of cisplatin resistance in vitro, in vivo, and in HNSCC patients. Moreover, TOP1MT exceptionally translocated to the nucleus in cisplatin-resistant HNSCC cells in a signal peptide-dependent manner. Nuclear TOP1MT (nTOP1MT) transcriptionally regulated the mitochondrial functional pseudogene MTATP6P1, which bound to miR-137 and miR-491-5p as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) and promoted the expression of MTATP6. An increase in MTATP6 enhanced mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), which conferred cisplatin resistance in HNSCC. Our findings revealed that nTOP1MT transcriptionally activated MTAPT6P1 and increased MTATP6 expression via ceRNA, which facilitated OXPHOS and cisplatin resistance. These results provide novel insight for overcoming cisplatin resistance in HNSCC.</p>","PeriodicalId":94075,"journal":{"name":"Journal of dental research","volume":" ","pages":"1238-1248"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11653318/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142396338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Review of Immunotherapy for Head and Neck Cancer.","authors":"J W Goetz, G Rabinowits, N Kalman, A Villa","doi":"10.1177/00220345241271992","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00220345241271992","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The introduction of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) to oncological care has transformed the management of various malignancies, including head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), offering improved outcomes. The first-line treatment of recurrent and malignant HNSCC for many years was combined platinum, 5-fluorouracil, and cetuximab. Recently, the ICI pembrolizumab was approved as a first-line treatment, with or without chemotherapy, based on tumor and immune cell percentage of programmed-death ligand 1 (PD-L1). Multiple head and neck (HN) cancer trials have subsequently explored immunotherapies in combination with surgery, chemotherapy, and/or radiation. Immunotherapy regimens may be personalized by tumor biomarker, including PD-L1 content, tumor mutational burden, and microsatellite instability. However, further clinical trials are needed to refine biomarker-driven protocols and standardize pathological methods to guide combined regimen timing, sequencing, and deescalation. Gaps remain for protocols using immunotherapy to reverse oral premalignant lesions, particularly high-risk leukoplakias. A phase II nonrandomized controlled trial, using the ICI nivolumab, showed a 2-y cancer-free survival of 73%, although larger trials are needed. Guidelines are also needed to standardize the role of dental evaluation and care before, during, and after immunotherapy, specifically in regard to oral immune-related adverse events and their impact on cancer recurrence. Standardized diagnostic and oral care coordination strategies to close these gaps are needed to ensure continued success of HN cancer immunotherapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":94075,"journal":{"name":"Journal of dental research","volume":" ","pages":"1185-1196"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11653306/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142383006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}