Effect of L. plantarum on Caries Prevention and the Oral-Gut Microbiome In Vivo.

Y Wu, N Alomeir, T Li, M L Falsetta, R Yang, Y Liu, E Sun, T T Wu, R Wood, M H Kenney, A Almulhim, G Watson, K-A Torres Ballester, K Fiscella, J Xiao
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

While Lactiplantibacillus plantarum has shown promise against cariogenic pathogens, its in vivo effects on caries prevention remain unexplored. This study used a rat model to investigate the effect of L. plantarum early-life oral inoculation on oral and gut microbiomes, host immune responses, and serum metabolites. Forty 14-day Sprague-Dawley rat pups were randomly allocated into 5 groups: (1) blank control, (2) L. plantarum colonization alone, (3) Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans co-colonization, (4) L. plantarum precolonization before S. mutans and C. albicans exposure, and (5) 2-wk treatment of L. plantarum after S. mutans and C. albicans exposure. Dynamic colonization of L. plantarum, S. mutans, and C. albicans in saliva and plaque was assessed using a culture-dependent method. Saliva, plaque, and fecal microbiomes were assessed using 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing. Caries scoring was performed using Keyes' scoring system and microcomputed tomography. Serum metabolite and immune markers were assessed through liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry untargeted metabolomics and multiplex immune profiling. We found that 3-d L. plantarum inoculation established stable L. plantarum colonization in the oral cavity of young rats. Inoculation timing of L. plantarum was critical for caries prevention. L. plantarum precolonization significantly reduced caries lesions compared with the S. mutans and C. albicans group, whereas 2 wk of postexposure treatment did not demonstrate a protective effect. L. plantarum precolonization led to distinct microbial shifts in saliva, plaque, and gut microbiomes, with an increased abundance of beneficial bacteria, such as Streptococcus azizii, Bifidobacterium animalis, Faecalibaculum rodentium, and Allobaculum stercoricanis, and a decrease in S. mutans. L. plantarum preinoculation also influenced metabolic profiles, with 1 metabolite upregulated and 24 downregulated, although immune marker differences were minimal. In conclusion, L. plantarum oral colonization before host exposure to oral cariogenic pathogens effectively reduced caries and modulated the profile of oral and gut microbiomes and serum metabolic profile.

植物乳杆菌对龋病预防及体内口腔-肠道微生物群的影响。
虽然植物乳杆菌已经显示出对抗龋齿病原体的希望,但其在体内预防龋齿的作用仍未被探索。本研究采用大鼠模型,研究早期口服接种植物乳杆菌对口腔和肠道微生物群、宿主免疫反应和血清代谢物的影响。选取40只14日龄的sd - dawley大鼠幼鼠,随机分为5组:(1)空白对照,(2)单独植瘤乳杆菌,(3)变形链球菌和白色念珠菌共植瘤,(4)变形链球菌和白色念珠菌暴露前植瘤乳杆菌预植瘤,(5)变形链球菌和白色念珠菌暴露后2周植瘤乳杆菌处理。采用培养依赖法评估了植物乳杆菌、变形链球菌和白色念珠菌在唾液和菌斑中的动态定植。使用16S核糖体RNA基因测序评估唾液、斑块和粪便微生物组。采用Keyes评分系统和微型计算机断层扫描进行龋病评分。血清代谢物和免疫标志物通过液相色谱串联质谱非靶向代谢组学和多重免疫谱分析进行评估。我们发现三维植物乳杆菌接种在幼鼠口腔中建立了稳定的植物乳杆菌定植。接种时间是预防龋病的关键。与变形链球菌和白色念珠菌组相比,植物乳杆菌预定植显著减少了龋齿病变,而暴露后2周的处理没有显示出保护作用。植物乳杆菌的预定植导致唾液、菌斑和肠道微生物群的明显变化,有益细菌如阿齐兹链球菌、动物双歧杆菌、啮齿粪杆菌和异源杆菌的丰度增加,而变形链球菌的丰度减少。植物乳杆菌预接种也影响代谢谱,1个代谢物上调,24个代谢物下调,尽管免疫标记差异很小。综上所述,在宿主暴露于口腔致龋病原体之前,植物乳杆菌的口腔定植可以有效地减少龋齿,并调节口腔和肠道微生物群以及血清代谢谱。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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