ISA transactionsPub Date : 2026-08-22DOI: 10.1016/j.isatra.2026.08.016
Jie Zhang, Yufan Lv, Haiqiang Wang, Junhui Qi, Hui Liu, Fulei Chu, Yun Kong
{"title":"Saliency-aware heterogeneous independence decoupling network for mechanical transfer fault diagnosis under unseen target conditions.","authors":"Jie Zhang, Yufan Lv, Haiqiang Wang, Junhui Qi, Hui Liu, Fulei Chu, Yun Kong","doi":"10.1016/j.isatra.2026.08.016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isatra.2026.08.016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To mitigate the degradation in transfer diagnostic performance caused by unseen target domains in complex industrial scenarios, a novel saliency-aware heterogeneous independence decoupling network (SA-HIDN) is proposed for mechanical transfer fault diagnosis. Initially, a heterogeneous decoupled feature extractor is constructed to align the network capacity with the distinct physical attributes of signal components. It employs a deep branch with deep resonance shrinkage to perform soft-thresholding denoising for domain-invariant fault impulses, and a shallow branch with a statistical feature layer to explicitly capture global statistical moments as domain-specific condition features. Subsequently, a statistical independence constraint based on the Hilbert-Schmidt Independence Criterion (HSIC) is introduced to mathematically force the fault and condition subspaces to be independent in the reproducing kernel Hilbert space, effectively suppressing high-order information leakage between decoupled branches. Finally, a saliency-aware adaptive fusion (SAAF) module is developed to proactively protect subtle fault signatures and achieve high-fidelity feature reconstruction through a saliency-masking compensation mechanism. Extensive experiments on planetary transmission and train transmission system datasets demonstrate that the proposed SA-HIDN achieves transfer diagnostic accuracies of 98.13% and 94.48% on two datasets, respectively. These quantitative results and mechanistic analyses confirm that the proposed method significantly outperforms state-of-the-art methods while maintaining a favorable balance between diagnostic precision and computational cost.</p>","PeriodicalId":94059,"journal":{"name":"ISA transactions","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148815283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ISA transactionsPub Date : 2026-08-22DOI: 10.1016/j.isatra.2026.08.020
Luo Jiang, Mahdi Shahbakhti
{"title":"Coordinated longitudinal-lateral control for truck platooning: Minimizing fuel consumption and NO<sub>x</sub> emissions.","authors":"Luo Jiang, Mahdi Shahbakhti","doi":"10.1016/j.isatra.2026.08.020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isatra.2026.08.020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper develops a coordinated longitudinal-lateral control framework for truck platooning, leveraging real-world platooning data from Canada's first commercial-oriented truck platooning trials to inform model development and simulation conditions. The longitudinal controller regulates inter-vehicle spacing while enhancing fuel savings and lowering tailpipe NO<sub>x</sub> emissions through smoothing speed profiles and reducing unnecessary engine fluctuations. The lateral controller maintains lateral safety and minimizes lateral offsets to preserve platooning fuel-saving benefits. A two-truck platoon is evaluated on a driving cycle incorporating measured wind and road grade. The designed system keeps spacing deviations and lateral offsets within desired ranges, and the follower truck achieves up to 6.6% fuel savings at regulation-compliant time gaps and reduces tailpipe NO<sub>x</sub> by up to 50.4% compared to the field-trial baseline without longitudinal-lateral coordination.</p>","PeriodicalId":94059,"journal":{"name":"ISA transactions","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148858039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ISA transactionsPub Date : 2026-08-21DOI: 10.1016/j.isatra.2026.08.019
Zihao Wang, Yang Gu, Zhihao Zhang, Wen Qin, Mouquan Shen
{"title":"Conditional length strategy based iterative learning control for locally lipschitz nonlinear systems with an adaptive observer.","authors":"Zihao Wang, Yang Gu, Zhihao Zhang, Wen Qin, Mouquan Shen","doi":"10.1016/j.isatra.2026.08.019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isatra.2026.08.019","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper provides an adaptive iterative learning framework for locally Lipschitz nonlinear systems. A reference model based adaptive observer is constructed to estimate unknown states. A conditional length strategy is proposed to ensure the boundedness of system and observer outputs at each iteration. Meanwhile, the projection mechanism and the bounded-input bounded-state property are introduced to sequentially demonstrate the boundedness of observer states, controller, and system states, rendering the locally Lipschitz nonlinearity to a global one. Convergence of tracking error across the full length is elaborated by a composite energy function and a contradiction. Two simulation examples are presented to validate the proposed approach.</p>","PeriodicalId":94059,"journal":{"name":"ISA transactions","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148852140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ISA transactionsPub Date : 2026-08-20DOI: 10.1016/j.isatra.2026.08.015
Zhiheng Dong, Shuang Shi, Quan Ouyang, Ju Jiang
{"title":"Event-triggered adaptive predefined-time consensus for multi-agent systems under switching topologies.","authors":"Zhiheng Dong, Shuang Shi, Quan Ouyang, Ju Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.isatra.2026.08.015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isatra.2026.08.015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper investigates event-triggered predefined-time (PT) consensus control for leader-follower multi-agent systems subject to input saturation and prescribed performance constraints in the presence of unknown disturbances. Under switching topologies, the proposed protocol guarantees consensus of all agents within a user-defined time while ensuring the tracking error satisfies prescribed-performance constraints. A PT auxiliary signal is incorporated to mitigate input saturation, enabling adaptive compensation for saturation errors. Besides, a distributed estimator is developed for robust coordination, reconstructing the required tracking errors for each agent even under incomplete leader-follower communication. Furthermore, adaptive control is developed to approximate the unknown disturbance and a dynamic event-triggered mechanism is deployed to reduce controller updates. Finally, simulations are conducted to validate the feasibility and superiority of the proposed method.</p>","PeriodicalId":94059,"journal":{"name":"ISA transactions","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148835305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Event-triggered intermittent boundary stabilization of nonlinear traffic density waves governed by diffusion-dispersion PDEs.","authors":"Shuang Liang, Hongyan Guo, Kai-Ning Wu, Boualem Djehiche, Dongpu Cao, Hong Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.isatra.2026.08.018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isatra.2026.08.018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this study, event-triggered intermittent boundary stabilization of nonlinear traffic density waves governed by diffusion-dispersion PDEs is investigated. The boundary controller is activated intermittently, and its input is updated by a state-dependent triggering rule, thereby reducing communication updates and actuator usage. Sufficient conditions for asymptotic stabilization that relate the triggering threshold, forced triggering interval, duty ratio, and boundary feedback gains are established via Lyapunov functionals. An observer-based extension is presented for limited state measurements, and robustness under bounded parametric uncertainties is analyzed. Simulations show that event-triggered intermittent boundary control (ET-IBC) converges in 1.853 s with 25 updates. Compared with continuous boundary control, the convergence time increases by only 14.4%; compared with periodic intermittent control, the convergence time decreases by 23.3%, and the final state energy is reduced by more than one order of magnitude.</p>","PeriodicalId":94059,"journal":{"name":"ISA transactions","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148820719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ISA transactionsPub Date : 2026-08-19DOI: 10.1016/j.isatra.2026.08.014
Qianwen Wang, Hai Zhao, Shaomeng Gu, Ji Sun, Siyi Wei
{"title":"Fast terminal conditions-free model predictive control and its application to intelligent autonomous vehicles.","authors":"Qianwen Wang, Hai Zhao, Shaomeng Gu, Ji Sun, Siyi Wei","doi":"10.1016/j.isatra.2026.08.014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isatra.2026.08.014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this paper, fast terminal condition-free model predictive control (Fast TCF-MPC) is investigated for a constrained linear discrete-time system with a series of incremental coefficients. The terminal penalty term and terminal constraints in classical finite prediction horizon MPC are removed to simplify application processes. The series of incremental coefficients is added to a cost function to gradually boost penalty strength within the prediction horizon. The optimal series of increasing coefficients is determined based on the maximum ratio of the incremental coefficients at adjacent update moments. The prediction horizon is related to both the recursive feasibility of an optimization problem and the uniform exponential stability of the constrained discrete-time system. Numerical examples and experiments with autonomous vehicles demonstrate the effectiveness of Fast TCF-MPC.</p>","PeriodicalId":94059,"journal":{"name":"ISA transactions","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148820749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Fast disturbance rejection for inertial stabilization platforms based on a nonlinear adaptive sliding-mode-assisted disturbance observer.","authors":"Zhishu Wang, Yutang Wang, Rui Xu, Junze Tong, Dapeng Tian","doi":"10.1016/j.isatra.2026.08.017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isatra.2026.08.017","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The inherent dynamic mechanism of existing disturbance observer (DOB)-based methods usually leads to non-negligible transient residual errors when abrupt and fast-varying disturbances occur. In particular, the insufficiently fast suppression of DOB residual effects remains a key issue in inertial stabilization platforms under abrupt disturbances. To address this issue, this paper proposes a nonlinear adaptive sliding-mode-assisted disturbance observer (NASMADO) for abrupt-disturbance rejection in inertial stabilization platforms. In the proposed framework, a tracking-differentiator-based disturbance observer is used to estimate the dominant lumped disturbance, while an adaptive sliding-mode-assisted term is introduced to compensate for the residual estimation error of the observer. A specially designed adaptive law enables the switching gain to increase rapidly in response to abrupt residual variations without requiring prior knowledge of the disturbance bound. Lyapunov-based stability analysis is conducted to verify the stability of the proposed method. Comparative experiments on an inertial stabilization platform demonstrate that the proposed NASMADO provides stronger abrupt-disturbance rejection and better transient performance than conventional DOB- and ASMDO-based anti-disturbance methods.</p>","PeriodicalId":94059,"journal":{"name":"ISA transactions","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148803687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ISA transactionsPub Date : 2026-08-17DOI: 10.1016/j.isatra.2026.08.012
Hangli Ren, Yuanyuan Cheng, Hui Shang
{"title":"Network-based event-triggered security control for cascade switched systems under hybrid attacks.","authors":"Hangli Ren, Yuanyuan Cheng, Hui Shang","doi":"10.1016/j.isatra.2026.08.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isatra.2026.08.012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper presents a resilient control framework for networked cascade systems (NCCSs) subject to transmission delays and hybrid cyber-attacks involving false data injection (FDI) and Denial-of-Service (DoS) attacks. The hybrid attack model is defined by the asynchronous operation of these two threats: DoS attacks disrupt data availability by blocking the communication channel, while FDI attacks compromise data integrity by injecting false signals during the DoS dormant periods. Accordingly, an event-triggered mechanism and a neural network-based estimator are co-designed to reduce the network transmission burden and identify and compensate for unstructured FDI attack signals. The closed-loop system is modeled as a switched system, and sufficient stability conditions under hybrid attacks are derived through a Lyapunov-based neural network approach to facilitate the design of an H<sub>∞</sub> controller with guaranteed robust performance. Simulations on a steam temperature cascade control system validate the effectiveness of the proposed method, demonstrating 20% faster convergence and a 67% reduction in oscillations compared with a conventional method while maintaining stability and security under hybrid attacks.</p>","PeriodicalId":94059,"journal":{"name":"ISA transactions","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148803717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ISA transactionsPub Date : 2026-08-17DOI: 10.1016/j.isatra.2026.08.013
Caizi Fan, Hui Ma, Yongchao Zhang, Zimeng Liu, Chao Zhao, Ke Feng, Zhijun Li
{"title":"Physics-model-guided frequency spectrum dynamic aggregation network for gearbox signal denoising under multi-source disturbances.","authors":"Caizi Fan, Hui Ma, Yongchao Zhang, Zimeng Liu, Chao Zhao, Ke Feng, Zhijun Li","doi":"10.1016/j.isatra.2026.08.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isatra.2026.08.013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As a critical component of rotating machinery, the stable operation of gearboxes is essential to industrial systems. In practice, complex operating conditions cause fault-related features to be heavily obscured by noise, posing significant challenges for fault diagnosis. Most denoising tasks assume that experimental signals are noise-free and use Gaussian white noise to simulate noise interference. However, this overlooks the fact that acquired signals are already affected by various coupled disturbances and inherently contain a certain level of noise. To address this issue, a physics-model-guided denoising method for gearbox signals is proposed. First, a dynamic gear transmission model is established to generate noise-free reference signals under ideal conditions, and its key parameters are optimized using the grey wolf optimization algorithm to reduce discrepancies with the real signal. Subsequently, a novel deep denoising network is developed, in which a frequency spectrum dynamic aggregation mechanism adaptively aggregates spectral features to emphasize informative frequency components while suppressing interference from spurious frequencies. Additionally, an adaptive hybrid loss function integrating time-domain, frequency-domain, and phase information is designed to enhance robustness against diverse noise types. The proposed method is validated on a gearbox dataset. Experimental results show that it outperforms other models on most evaluation metrics. Even under severe noise-coupling conditions, the average RMSE of the denoised signals is maintained at 0.0498. In fault diagnosis experiments, the proposed method achieves an average accuracy of 97.65%, which is approximately 3.5% higher than that of other U-Net-based denoising approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":94059,"journal":{"name":"ISA transactions","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148803813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ISA transactionsPub Date : 2026-08-16DOI: 10.1016/j.isatra.2026.08.011
Amar Mubarak, Haoping Wang, Omer Abbaker Ahmed Mohammed, Modawy Adam Ali Abdalla, Abubaker Ahmed
{"title":"Aquila optimizer β-variable model-free adaptive fractional-order sliding-mode control for wheel slippage prevention in omnidirectional mobile robots.","authors":"Amar Mubarak, Haoping Wang, Omer Abbaker Ahmed Mohammed, Modawy Adam Ali Abdalla, Abubaker Ahmed","doi":"10.1016/j.isatra.2026.08.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isatra.2026.08.011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Three-wheeled omnidirectional mobile robots (TWOMRs) are vital in firefighting owing to their maneuverability, but they struggle with wheel slip and instability on low-traction surfaces because of nonlinear traction dynamics. Therefore, this paper proposes an Aquila Optimizer β-variable model-free adaptive barrier-function fractional-order nonlinear sliding-mode control (AO-β(t)-MF-ABFFONSMC) strategy to achieve precise motion and mitigate slip. The framework integrates a sliding-mode disturbance observer, a model-free framework, an intelligent proportional-differential controller, and adaptive barrier-function fractional-order nonlinear sliding-mode control, while the Aquila Optimizer is used to optimize control parameters; this combination actively compensates for disturbances and estimation errors while minimizing chattering in TWOMRs. Simulation results show that the proposed controller outperforms others, providing robust, precise tracking and improved handling of slip and vibration in TWOMR across varying traction conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":94059,"journal":{"name":"ISA transactions","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148803694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}