S Maikaeo, W Kasemsarn, Y Kriangcherdsak, N Srimaneekarn, A Hayter, T Thongngam
{"title":"Comparison of neurosensory disturbance after using preoperative cone-beam computed tomography and panoramic radiography to locate the inferior alveolar nerve in bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy.","authors":"S Maikaeo, W Kasemsarn, Y Kriangcherdsak, N Srimaneekarn, A Hayter, T Thongngam","doi":"10.1016/j.ijom.2026.08.030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijom.2026.08.030","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) injury is the most common side effect of bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy (BSSRO), often caused by anatomical variability and the proximity of the nerve to the buccal cortex. This study was performed to compare functional sensory recovery (FSR) times when using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) vs panoramic radiographs (OPG) preoperatively to locate the IAN in patients undergoing BSSRO. A split-mouth randomized design was used. Twenty patients who underwent BSSRO in the Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, between January 2023 and July 2024 were included. CBCT and OPG images were obtained preoperatively. Subjective and objective neurosensory evaluations were performed preoperatively, immediately postoperative, and at 1, 3, 6, and 9 months postoperative. The median time to FSR in the lip area was 2 days in the CBCT group and 35 days in the OPG group (P = 0.050; borderline significant difference), while in the chin area it was significantly shorter in the CBCT group (CBCT 2 days vs OPG 63 days; P = 0.026). Patients subjectively reported more neurosensory disturbances when compared to the FSR results (lip and chin region, both P < 0.001). Neither the IAN-to-buccal cortex distance nor the magnitude of the mandibular movement was significantly associated with time to FSR in either the lip or chin area (all P > 0.05). CBCT appears to be a useful modality to support safer surgical approaches, promote faster sensory recovery, and enhance patient satisfaction following BSSRO.</p>","PeriodicalId":94053,"journal":{"name":"International journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148882336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H Fukuda, M Morishita, O Takahashi, M Sasaguri, M Habu
{"title":"Evaluation of the performance of ChatGPT-4o on oral surgery-related questions in the Japanese National Dental Examination.","authors":"H Fukuda, M Morishita, O Takahashi, M Sasaguri, M Habu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijom.2026.08.026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijom.2026.08.026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Artificial intelligence (AI) has advanced rapidly in healthcare, with large language models (LLMs) like ChatGPT-4o showing potential in education and clinical support. This study evaluated the performance of ChatGPT-4o on oral surgery-related questions from the Japanese National Dental Examination, focusing on how visual materials impact accuracy. Questions were categorized by type (general knowledge vs clinical practice), number of correct answers required, and presence of visual materials (e.g., radiographs, models). The comparison of correct and incorrect answers according to the number of visual materials was performed using the Mann-Whitney U-test, while logistic regression was used to assess the influence of specific visual content types. ChatGPT-4o performed well on general knowledge questions but showed lower accuracy on questions requiring clinical decision-making . The presence of multiple visual materials significantly reduced accuracy, with panoramic radiographs and dental models showing the strongest negative effects (odds ratios 0.46 and 0.45, respectively; both P = 0.002). Other visual materials, such as computed tomography/magnetic resonance imaging scans, had no significant impact. These findings highlight the strengths of ChatGPT-4o in processing structured textual data and its limitations in interpreting visual or procedural content. Enhancing AI-assisted dental education will require domain-specific training data and the development of multimodal models capable of integrating both text and images. This study informs future applications of AI in oral surgery education.</p>","PeriodicalId":94053,"journal":{"name":"International journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148876591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M Smeets, V Scocca, G Audino, A Aksu, F Reinauer, G R J Swennen
{"title":"Accuracy of β-tricalcium phosphate gap patient-specific implants in chin osteotomies: a pilot validation study.","authors":"M Smeets, V Scocca, G Audino, A Aksu, F Reinauer, G R J Swennen","doi":"10.1016/j.ijom.2026.08.028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijom.2026.08.028","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The objective was to evaluate the accuracy of patient-specific surgical cutting chin guides, patient-specific implant (PSI) chin plates, and β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) gap patient-specific implants used in chin osteotomy by comparing their planned and postoperative positions. In addition, the reproducibility of the measurement method was assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients. Orthognathic patients requiring a chin osteotomy were included in the study. Preoperative virtual surgical planning was fused with postoperative cone-beam computed tomography imaging obtained 4 weeks after surgery. The planned and postoperative positions of the bony chin, PSI chin plate, and β-TCP gap-PSI were compared in terms of translational and rotational deviations. Reproducibility was assessed by two observers who repeated all measurements in two separate sessions. Ten patients were included in this pilot validation study. The mean deviation of the repositioned bony chin segment, the PSI chin plate, and β-TCP gap-PSI was <0.5 mm in the anteroposterior, vertical, and left-right directions. Rotational discrepancies were <1° for pitch, yaw, and roll, except for the pitch deviation of the β-TCP gap-PSI, which was 1.7°. Reliability ranged from moderate to excellent. The combination of patient-specific cutting guides, PSI chin plates, and β-TCP gap-PSIs allowed transfer of the virtual genioplasty plan with limited positional deviation in this pilot study. Further studies with larger samples and longer follow-up are required to assess β-TCP graft integration and clinical outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":94053,"journal":{"name":"International journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148868471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The introduction of MiRA (Micro Robotic Access) for subclavicular neck dissection.","authors":"S Battaglia, M Grimaldi, S Crimi, A Bianchi","doi":"10.1016/j.ijom.2026.08.029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijom.2026.08.029","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Robotic-assisted surgery has progressively expanded in head and neck diseases, providing minimally invasive alternatives to conventional transcervical approaches while improving visualization, precision, ergonomics, and cosmetic outcomes. The MiRA (Micro Robotic Access) pneumoneck technique was developed as a fully robotic subclavicular approach for lateral neck dissection. The technique combines small subclavicular ports, carbon dioxide insufflation to create a stable cervical working space, and the Asson assistant port system to optimize pressure stability and auxiliary instrument use. The MiRA pneumoneck technique was applied in a female patient with squamous cell carcinoma of the oral floor who underwent a right selective lateral neck dissection. Four subclavicular incisions were created for robotic and assistant ports. Pneumoneck was established using CO<sub>2</sub> insufflation, and the procedure was performed with the Da Vinci Xi Surgical System. Robotic dissection enabled en-bloc clearance of cervical levels I-III while preserving major neurovascular structures. The specimen was removed through the assistant port. Postoperative recovery was uneventful, with no major complications, early mobilization, and discharge on postoperative day 4. Compared with previously described robotic neck approaches, the MiRA pneumoneck technique represents a fully remote-access strategy for lateral neck surgery without visible cervical incisions. CO<sub>2</sub> insufflation improves visualization and instrument maneuverability, while the Asson system reduces gas leakage and enhances procedural versatility. The MiRA pneumoneck technique represents a further evolution in minimally invasive robotic neck surgery. Further studies are required to evaluate reproducibility, oncologic safety, cost-effectiveness, and long-term outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":94053,"journal":{"name":"International journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148868505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Three current approaches to preclinical oral squamous cell carcinoma research: a practical, stepwise framework integrating cell lines, organoids, and animal models.","authors":"T Maruyama, G Matsuzaki","doi":"10.1016/j.ijom.2026.08.027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijom.2026.08.027","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) continues to be associated with a poor prognosis despite recent advances in surgical and adjuvant treatment. Although a variety of experimental models are available, no widely accepted or practical framework has combined cell lines, patient-derived organoids, and in vivo transplantation models in translational OSCC research. This review summarizes the main preclinical models used in OSCC research and discusses how they can be used together in a stepwise manner for drug development. A narrative review of the literature was conducted focusing on OSCC research cell lines, organoids, and transplantation smodels, as well as studies that have applied artificial intelligence (AI) and multi-omics analyses. Cell lines are useful for reproducible mechanistic studies and initial drug screening. Organoids better preserve tumour heterogeneity and allow patient-specific testing. Orthotopic transplantation models reproduce local invasion, metastatic spread, and interactions with the tumour microenvironment. When data from these platforms are analysed together and, where appropriate, supported by AI-based imaging and molecular profiling, their translational relevance may be enhanced. Combining cell lines, organoids, and in vivo models in a planned, stepwise approach provides a practical framework for OSCC research. This approach may help bridge the gap between experimental studies and clinical practice, particularly in oral and maxillofacial surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":94053,"journal":{"name":"International journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148868528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M Schwaiger, J Gaessler, S Adams, G Q Fayyaz, D Atherton, D Chong, S Reinert, M Krimmel, S Lux, P Schachner, C Breugem
{"title":"Perioperative management in primary palatoplasty-an international survey.","authors":"M Schwaiger, J Gaessler, S Adams, G Q Fayyaz, D Atherton, D Chong, S Reinert, M Krimmel, S Lux, P Schachner, C Breugem","doi":"10.1016/j.ijom.2026.08.016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijom.2026.08.016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Orofacial clefts are common congenital defects. Primary palatoplasty aims to address the functional problems associated with the underlying deformity and is necessary for normal speech acquisition. International consensus on the perioperative management of primary cleft palate surgery is limited. A 34-question online survey was disseminated via email between June and September 2022, to identify differences and similarities in the perioperative management of children undergoing primary palatoplasty. Overall, 297 cleft surgeons were invited to take part, of whom 72 (24.2%) responded to the survey. The mean ± standard deviation annual number of primary palatoplasties per surgeon was 43.3 ± 43.3. Mean age at the time of hard and soft palate repair was 10.8 ± 5.7 months and 10.9 ± 4.9 months, respectively. There was considerable variation in surgical antibiotic prophylaxis (duration, antibiotic agent), postoperative feeding regimen, postoperative protective/restrictive measures, and duration of inpatient stay. Significant regional differences were observed in the timing of the surgery (patient age) (P < 0.05), duration of surgical antibiotic prophylaxis (P = 0.024), postoperative feeding measures during the inpatient stay (P < 0.05), and length of in-hospital stay (P < 0.001). Perioperative management practices in primary palatoplasty vary widely between countries and institutions, including the use of surgical antibiotic prophylaxis. Nonetheless, this study indicates a consistent movement away from prolonged postoperative antibiotic courses towards short-term or even single-shot administration.</p>","PeriodicalId":94053,"journal":{"name":"International journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148852123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Surgical treatment of primary parapharyngeal space tumors: a clinical study of 106 cases.","authors":"P Ma, S Li, W Ren, J Zheng, L Gao, K Zhi","doi":"10.1016/j.ijom.2026.08.020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijom.2026.08.020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Parapharyngeal space tumors present significant clinical challenges due to their deep anatomical location, diverse pathological types, and proximity to critical neurovascular structures, including cranial nerves and the internal carotid artery. While surgical resection is the primary treatment, it is associated with substantial risks of damaging these adjacent structures. Therefore, careful surgical planning and meticulous intraoperative technique are essential to minimize complications. A retrospective review was conducted on 106 patients with parapharyngeal space tumors treated at the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from 2014 to 2024. This study evaluated parapharyngeal space (PPS) tumors in terms of clinicopathological features, preoperative imaging findings, surgical approach selection, perioperative complications and long-term recurrence patterns. Among 106 patients (61 males, 45 females; median age: 36.8 years), neck swelling was the most common symptom. Salivary gland tumors (45.3%) and neurogenic tumors (42.5%) predominated. Malignant tumors were found in 9.4% of cases. The transcervical-transparotid approach was most frequently employed (50.9%). For larger or deeper tumors, vertical ramus osteotomy provided enhanced exposure with minimal morbidity. Surgical resection remains the cornerstone of treatment for PPS tumors, achieving favorable outcomes with low recurrence and mortality rates. The selection of surgical approach depends on several factors including tumor size, precise location, proximity to major vessels, and suspicion of malignancy. While the transcervical-transparotid approach is the most common technique for benign lesions, it is imperative that surgical strategy is adapted to the individual patient's anatomy, and surgeon expertise is paramount for a successful outcome.</p>","PeriodicalId":94053,"journal":{"name":"International journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148842552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Y H Tang, N B van Bakelen, B Gareb, F K L Spijkervet
{"title":"In reply [to the comment on: \"Timing of arthrocentesis and its association with treatment success in painful temporomandibular joint disorders: a two-decade cohort study\"].","authors":"Y H Tang, N B van Bakelen, B Gareb, F K L Spijkervet","doi":"10.1016/j.ijom.2026.08.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijom.2026.08.004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94053,"journal":{"name":"International journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148834930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J Iwanaga, N Yoshioka, S Hama, K Hino, S Kikuta, S Ibaragi, M Moriyama, H Kamochi, M-S Hur, K Watanabe, R S Tubbs
{"title":"Structural continuity of the perinasal-labial muscular complex: implications for Le Fort I osteotomy.","authors":"J Iwanaga, N Yoshioka, S Hama, K Hino, S Kikuta, S Ibaragi, M Moriyama, H Kamochi, M-S Hur, K Watanabe, R S Tubbs","doi":"10.1016/j.ijom.2026.08.023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijom.2026.08.023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Postoperative nasal changes after Le Fort I osteotomy are common but incompletely explained. Inconsistencies in the anatomical descriptions of the depressor septi nasi (DSN), incisivus labii superioris (ILS) and nasalis may contribute to this uncertainty. This study investigated the structural continuity of the perinasal-labial musculature using gross and histological analysis. Thirty-eight sides from 19 formalin-fixed adult cadaveric heads were examined. Thirteen heads underwent gross dissection using bidirectional flip-flap and inside-out techniques to preserve muscular continuity. Six heads were processed for sagittal and axial histological sections. The relationships among the orbicularis oris (OOr), ILS, DSN, and nasalis were analyzed. The perinasal-labial musculature demonstrated continuous, multilayered architecture rather than discrete muscular units. The superior portion of the OOr extended toward the medial crus and dermis of the philtrum without direct septal cartilage insertion. The ILS originated from the anterior maxilla and was divided into inferior fibers blending with the OOr and superior fibers corresponding to the alar and transverse nasalis. No distinct borders were observed among these components. The DSN, ILS, and nasalis form a structurally continuous incisive muscle-OOr complex. Recognition of this continuity refines anatomical understanding and may clarify the morphological basis of nasal changes after Le Fort I osteotomy.</p>","PeriodicalId":94053,"journal":{"name":"International journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148835061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Controlling maxillary vertical repositioning with virtual surgical planning to eliminate the triangulation effect.","authors":"J D P Claus, M S Almeida, L V S Ramos","doi":"10.1016/j.ijom.2026.08.019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijom.2026.08.019","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Accurate control of maxillary vertical repositioning remains challenging in splint-based orthognathic surgery when large anteroposterior movements introduce a triangulation-related measurement effect. This technical note describes a virtual surgical planning (VSP)-based method to calculate the triangulation-adjusted change in the medial canthus-incisor distance and transfer it to the operating room. The distance is measured in VSP before and after the planned movements using identical landmarks, and the difference is used as the intraoperative caliper adjustment target during maxillary repositioning. This workflow provides a practical way to reduce measurement bias and improve fidelity between planning and execution.</p>","PeriodicalId":94053,"journal":{"name":"International journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148815183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}