Ginekologia polska最新文献

{"title":"Impact of disease activity on pregnancy outcomes and risk factors for fetal loss in systemic lupus erythematosus: a single-center cohort study.","authors":"Lidan He, Yajun Ke, Feng Zhan, Jianbo Wu","doi":"10.5603/gpl.103389","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5603/gpl.103389","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To investigate the impact of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) disease activity on neonatal outcomes and analyze risk factors associated with fetal loss in SLE pregnancies.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>This retrospective study analyzed 102 pregnancies in 99 women with SLE at the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, China, between 2013 and 2020. Demographic data, live birth outcomes, and fetal loss were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant differences were observed among SLE disease activity groups in early preterm birth (χ² = 9.825, p < 0.05), term birth (χ² = 13.320, p < 0.05), neonatal birth weight (F = 8.688, p < 0.05), small for gestational age (χ² = 12.291, p < 0.05), neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission (χ² = 9.820, p < 0.05), neonatal infection (χ² = 9.227, p < 0.05), and neonatal myocardial injury (χ² = 7.033, p < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified unplanned pregnancy [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 2.772, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.321-5.814], moderate-to-severe SLE activity (aOR = 4.537, 95% CI: 2.103-9.789), preeclampsia (aOR = 6.223, 95% CI: 2.845-13.615), 24-hour urinary protein > 1.0 g (aOR = 3.682, 95% CI: 1.726-7.854), and positive antiphospholipid antibodies (aOR = 5.250, 95% CI: 2.437-11.308) as independent risk factors for fetal loss (all p < 0.05). Medication initiated at least six months before pregnancy, particularly hydroxychloroquine, was associated with reduced fetal loss (aOR = 0.378, 95% CI: 0.185-0.772, p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Planned pregnancy, early initiation of hydroxychloroquine treatment, and close monitoring of disease activity, urinary protein, antiphospholipid antibodies, and blood pressure are crucial strategies to reduce fetal loss in SLE pregnancies. Early intervention for abnormal parameters may improve outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":94021,"journal":{"name":"Ginekologia polska","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144251536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation analysis of ultrasound features with ER, PR, HER-2, P53, nuclear proliferation factor Ki-67, TOPIIa, and cytokeratin CK5/6 immunohistochemistry in non-mass infiltrating ductal carcinoma of the breast.","authors":"Huihui Peng, Yuanyuan Zhu, Yao Li","doi":"10.5603/gpl.98797","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5603/gpl.98797","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The goal is for investigating the correlation between ultrasound features and molecular pathological markers such as estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2), tumor protein p53, nuclear proliferation factor Ki-67, DNA topoisomerase IIα (Topo II), and cytokeratin CK5/6 in non mass infiltrating ductal carcinoma of the breast.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A total of 125 sufferers with non mass infiltrating ductal carcinoma of the breast were included in the ultrasound images and immunohistochemical results. This study analyzed the characteristics of ultrasound images, including maximum cross-sectional diameter, morphology, peripheral hyperechoic halo, hair prick sign, and micro-calcification, as well as the positive expression of molecular pathological markers (ER, PR, HER-2, p53, Ki-67, Topo II, CK5/6); It uses statistical methods for evaluating the correlation between ultrasound features and molecular pathological markers.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In 125 patients, the maximum cross-sectional diameter was markedly related to positive expression of CK5/6 (r = 0.176, p < 0.05), Ki-67 (r = 0.328, p < 0.05), and HER-2 (r = 0.468, p < 0.05). There is a marked relation between posterior echo attenuation and ER positivity (r = 0.096, p < 0.05) and Topo II positivity (r =-0.021, p < 0.05). However, there was no marked relation in morphology, peripheral hyperechoic halo, hairline sign, and micro-calcification with prognostic molecular pathological markers (p > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study found a marked relation in the maximum cross-sectional diameter of non mass infiltrating ductal carcinoma of the breast and the positive expression of CK5/6, Ki-67, and HER-2. This finding suggests that the maximum cross-sectional diameter may serve as a potential indicator for prognostic evaluation and is closely related to the expression of cytokeratin CK5/6, nuclear proliferation factor Ki-67, and HER-2 in tumors. Posterior echo attenuation is closely related to ER positive and Topo II expression. No significant correlation was observed between morphology, peripheral hyperechoic halo, hairline sign, and micro-calcification with prognostic molecular pathological markers. These results provide new insights for the prognosis evaluation of patients with non mass infiltrating ductal carcinoma of the breast and contribute to the development of individualized treatment strategies, but further research and validation are still needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":94021,"journal":{"name":"Ginekologia polska","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144251533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prolactin's diverse physiological roles and the clinical significance of hyperprolactinemia.","authors":"Katarzyna Bocianska, Hubert Bochynski, Maksymilian Markwitz, Krzysztof Katulski","doi":"10.5603/gpl.105311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5603/gpl.105311","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of prolactin biology, encompassing its molecular heterogeneity, neuroendocrine regulation, and multifaceted roles in human health and disease, focusing on hyperprolactinemia.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A comprehensive literature search was conducted to identify relevant articles on prolactin biology, physiology, and related disorders.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Prolactin exists in various molecular forms, including monomeric prolactin, 'big prolactin', and macroprolactin, each with distinct biological activities. Prolactin secretion is tightly regulated by a complex interplay of hypothalamic factors, primarily dopamine and thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). Prolactin exerts diverse physiological effects, including roles in lactation, reproduction, metabolic homeostasis, immune function, and neuroprotection. Dysregulation of prolactin secretion, particularly hyperprolactinemia, can lead to significant clinical manifestations. Accurate diagnosis of hyperprolactinemia requires a thorough evaluation of potential etiologies, including pituitary adenomas, medications, and systemic diseases. Management strategies encompass pharmacological therapies, such as dopamine agonists and surgical interventions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Prolactin is a multifaceted neuroendocrine hormone with a diverse range of physiological functions and clinical implications. Understanding the complexities of prolactin biology is essential for recognizing and managing prolactin-related disorders, such as hyperprolactinemia, and for developing novel therapeutic strategies that target prolactin signaling pathways.</p>","PeriodicalId":94021,"journal":{"name":"Ginekologia polska","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144251537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation between plasma Afamin and gestational diabetes mellitus during pregnancy.","authors":"Xiang Cheng, Hongyan Cui, Xinran Xu, Nini Jiang","doi":"10.5603/gpl.103660","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5603/gpl.103660","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>We investigated the correlation of plasma Afamin levels with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) during pregnancy and assessed its predictive value for the risk and prognosis of GDM.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A total of 993 pregnant women were included in this nested case-control study. The fasting blood samples in their first trimester were collected. Ninety-one women were diagnosed with GDM, and they were subdivided into insulin treatment group (Group A1, 30 cases) and non-insulin treatment group (Group A2, 61 cases) according to whether they needed to treat with insulin. Another 91 pregnant women with normal glucose tolerance were as the control group (NC group). The plasma and umbilical cord blood levels of Afamin were measured in the first and second trimesters using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The correlation of Afamin levels with GDM during pregnancy and its predictive value were assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Plasma Afamin levels in both GDM groups (A1 and A2) were significantly higher than in the control group at all pregnancy stages (p < 0.01). Afamin levels in the second trimester were significantly higher in Group A1 than those in Group A2 (p < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression identified that plasma Afamin levels in the first trimester (OR = 1.126, 95% CI: 1.032-1.228, p = 0.008) and in the second trimester (OR = 1.173, 95% CI: 1.092-1.259, P = 0.000) were the independent risk factors for GDM, along with insulin resistance index (OR = 1.62, 95% CI: 1.036-2.534, p = 0.034). ROC analysis showed optimal cut-off value of plasma Afamin was 65.90 mg/L in the first trimester (AUC = 0.858, sensitivity = 75.8%, specificity = 85.7%) and 85.09 mg/L in the second trimester (AUC = 0.874, sensitivity = 92.3%, specificity = 76.9%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Elevated plasma Afamin levels during the first and second trimesters are associated with GDM, supporting Afamin level as a potential biomarker for early GDM risk prediction.</p>","PeriodicalId":94021,"journal":{"name":"Ginekologia polska","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144251534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of clear cell carcinoma based on iatrogenic endometriosis - case series.","authors":"Michal Stojko, Szymon Stojko, Natalia Leszczynska, Kamil Nikel, Agnieszka Drosdzol-Cop","doi":"10.5603/gpl.105718","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5603/gpl.105718","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Iatrogenic endometriosis, a rare form of endometriosis resulting from surgical interventions, has become increasingly recognized as a complication of cesarean sections. This study examines the development of clear cell carcinoma (CCC) arising from endometrial tissue implanted in cesarean section scars. Based on a review of 41 clinical cases, the study highlights the challenge in diagnosis and management of this uncommon aggressive malignancy. The average delay from cesarean section to diagnosis was 18 years, with common symptoms being painful masses and scar tenderness. Imaging modalities such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) were the first diagnostic tools, while biopsy confirmed malignancy in most cases. The outlook for patients who had CCC in cesarean scars was extremely poor, and scant long-term survival data existed. These observations serve to reemphasize the necessity of increased awareness by gynecologists and obstetricians of the risk potential associated with cesarean delivery. Improved diagnostic scrutiny, especially in the patient who comes to the doctor with unexplained symptoms involving the scar, is recommended in this study. A strong role is also supported in informed choice before surgical modes of delivery are attempted.</p>","PeriodicalId":94021,"journal":{"name":"Ginekologia polska","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144251535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Women's sexual quality of life after ectopic pregnancy surgery - vNOTES vs conventional laparoscopy - a retrospective cohort study.","authors":"Mustafa Cengiz Dura, Cihan Kaya, Berk Gürsoy, Özgür Aslan, Şükrü Yıldız, Murat Ekin","doi":"10.5603/gpl.104355","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5603/gpl.104355","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aims to compare the postoperative sexual function and recovery outcomes between women who underwent vNOTES (vaginal natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery) and those who underwent conventional laparoscopy (CL) for ectopic pregnancies.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A retrospective cohort study was conducted with data from 98 patients who underwent CL or vNOTES for ectopic pregnancy. Postoperative sexual function and genital self-image were evaluated using the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) and Female Genital Self-Image Scale (FGSIS) surveys, respectively. Patients were divided into the vNOTES group (n = 40) and the CL group (n = 58).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The postoperative FSFI total scores did not significantly differ between the vNOTES group and the CL group (p = 0.384). However, the lubrication subgroup score of the FSFI was significantly higher in the CL group compared to the vNOTES group (p = 0.001). The FGSIS total score was significantly higher in the vNOTES group compared to the CL group (p = 0.009).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>While vNOTES surgery may offer some postoperative benefits in terms of genital self-image, it is associated with lower lubrication scores compared to conventional laparoscopy. These findings highlight the potential impact of vNOTES on sexual function, emphasizing the need for further research to optimize surgical approaches that balance sexual function and recovery outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":94021,"journal":{"name":"Ginekologia polska","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144251538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of uterine anteversion and flexion angles in predicting pain severity during diagnostic hysteroscopy: a prospective cohort study.","authors":"Can Tercan, Emrah Dagdeviren, Ali Selcuk Yeniocak, Sultan Can","doi":"10.5603/gpl.102956","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5603/gpl.102956","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Diagnostic hysteroscopy (DH) is a gold standard diagnostic imaging tool in gynecology. There is insufficient data in the literature regarding the reduction of pain felt during the DH and there is no study in the literature that examines the relationship between the measurement of uterine version or flexion angles and the pain felt during DH procedure. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of uterine version or flexion angles on pain severity during DH and to identify predictive factors for severe pain experienced during the procedure.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>This prospective single-center cohort study included patients who were eligible for DH within medical indications. Exclusion criteria comprised menopausal status, congenital uterine anomalies, uterine fibroids larger than 2 cm detected on ultrasonography, suspected malignancy, or retroverted uterus. Before hysteroscopy, all patients underwent transperineal ultrasonography to measure uterine version and flexion angles. Patients were asked to rate their pain levels using a 0-10 numerical visual analog scale (VAS). Patients with VAS scores ≥ 6 were categorized into the severe pain group, while those with scores < 6 were classified into the moderate pain group.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study comprised 98 women undergoing DH. Multivariate binary logistic regression analysis identified anteversion angle and nulliparity as significant predictors of severe pain during DH. The optimal cut-off value for predicting severe pain during DH was identified as 74.5°, providing a sensitivity of 66.7% and specificity of 69.0% [area under curve (AUC) = 0.722, p = 0.001].</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study demonstrates that a uterine anteversion angle narrower than 74.5° is associated with severe pain during DH.</p>","PeriodicalId":94021,"journal":{"name":"Ginekologia polska","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144145145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of transforming growth factor-beta 1 concentrations in serum, peritoneal and endometrioma fluid in women operated on for ovarian endometriosis as a biomarker of endometrioma.","authors":"Mariusz Wojtowicz, Dariusz Zdun, Aleksander J Owczarek, Violetta Skrzypulec-Plinta, Magdalena Olszanecka-Glinianowicz","doi":"10.5603/gpl.97117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5603/gpl.97117","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Some studies indicate the role of transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) in the development of endometriosis. However, the lack is studies assessed its plasma levels as a biomarker of endometrioma. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze plasma, peritoneal, and endometrioma fluid TGF-beta 1 concentrations in women operated on for ovarian endometriosis.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A cross-sectional cohort study involved 56 women operated on for ovarian endometriosis. Body mass, height, and waist circumference were measured, as well as body mass index (BMI) being calculated. Plasma, peritoneal, and endometrioma fluid TGF-beta 1 concentrations were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Levels TGF-beta 1 were significantly higher in plasma than in both fluids (1286.1 pg/mL vs 114.7 pg/mL; p < 0.001 and 114.7 pg/mL vs 33.6 pg/mL; p < 0.001) and in endometrioma fluid than in peritoneal fluid (114.7 pg/mL vs 33.6 pg/mL; p < 0.001). There were also positive correlations between TGF-beta 1 levels in endometrioma and peritoneal fluids and plasma (r = 0.46; p < 0.001; r = 0.30; p < 0.05, respectively). There were no associations between TGF-beta 1 in plasma, endometrioma, peritoneal fluid, and endometriosis stage.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our results suggest that plasma TGF-beta 1 concentration can be considered as a biomarker of endometrioma.</p>","PeriodicalId":94021,"journal":{"name":"Ginekologia polska","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144145063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the sperm DNA Fragmentation Index in men from infertile couples diagnosed under the health policy program of the Minister of Health, entitled \"Government Program for Comprehensive Protection of Procreative Health in Poland\" in the Cracow University Hospital.","authors":"Malgorzata Swornik, Grzegorz Mirocki, Marcin Przybylski, Dominik Pruski, Klaudia Kotynia, Sonja Millert-Kalinska, Tomasz Szmatola, Robert Jach","doi":"10.5603/gpl.102193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5603/gpl.102193","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sperm DNA integrity assessment provides essential information that traditional semen parameters may not detect. Studies indicate that DNA fragmentation is an independent indicator of semen quality and fertility, which can explain cases of male infertility, especially when basic semen tests show normal results. Using sperm DNA fragmentation assessment techniques should be considered as an addition to traditional semen tests in male infertility diagnostics.</p>","PeriodicalId":94021,"journal":{"name":"Ginekologia polska","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144145060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Irisin - a new biomarker for endometrial cancer?","authors":"Monika Szarszewska, Janina Markowska, Marian Grybos, Anna Grybos, Andrzej Marszalek, Anna Malicka-Durczak, Violetta Filas, Michal Michalak, Anna Markowska","doi":"10.5603/gpl.104455","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5603/gpl.104455","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Irisin is an adipomyokine that has an inhibitory effect on inflammation and possesses anticancer activity. It inhibits cancer cell proliferation, metastasis, and invasion through various signaling pathways associated with carcinogenesis. It has been described to be associated with a number of malignancies in various locations. It has been recognized that it may be a biomarker and prognostic factor in some malignancies. In addition, studies indicate irisin's possible role in treating malignant lesions.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>In material including 129 cases of endometrial cancer and normal endometrium in a control group of 18 women with uterine myomas.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were no statistical differences in irisin protein expression. There were also no differences in irisin expression according to clinical stage, type, and histopathological differentiation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Further clinical studies are needed to evaluate irisin activity in endometrial cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":94021,"journal":{"name":"Ginekologia polska","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144145085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}