Gait & posture最新文献

{"title":"A comparative study on wearables and single-camera video for upper-limb out-of-the-lab activity recognition with different deep learning architectures","authors":"Mario Martínez Zarzuela, David González-Ortega, Míriam Antón-Rodríguez, Francisco Javier Díaz-Pernas, Henning Müller, Cristina Simón-Martínez","doi":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2023.07.149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2023.07.149","url":null,"abstract":"The use of a wide range of computer vision solutions, and more recently high-end Inertial Measurement Units (IMU) have become increasingly popular for assessing human physical activity in clinical and research settings [1]. Nevertheless, to increase the feasibility of patient tracking in out-of-the-lab settings, it is necessary to use a reduced number of devices for movement acquisition. Promising solutions in this context are IMU-based wearables and single camera systems [2]. Additionally, the development of machine learning systems able to recognize and digest clinically relevant data in-the-wild is needed, and therefore determining the ideal input to those is crucial [3]. For upper-limb activity recognition out-of-the-lab, do wearables or single camera offer better performance? Recordings from 16 healthy subjects performing 8 upper-limb activities from the VIDIMU dataset [4] were used. For wearable recordings, the subjects wore 5 IMU-based wearables and adopted a neutral pose (N-pose) for calibration. Joint angles were estimated with inverse kinematics algorithms in OpenSense [5]. Single-camera video recordings occurred simultaneously. Joint angles were estimated with inverse kinematics algorithms in OpenSense. Single-camera video recordings occurred simultaneously, and the subject’s pose was estimated with DeepStream [6]. We compared various Deep Learning architectures (DNN, CNN, CNN-LSTM, LSTM-CNN, LSTM, LSTM-AE) for recognizing daily living activities. The input to the different neural architectures consisted in a 2-second time series containing the estimated joint angles and their 2D FFT. Every network was trained using 2 subjects for validation, a batch size of 20, Adam as the optimizer, and combining early stopping and other regularization techniques. Performance metrics were extracted from 4-fold cross-validation experiments. In all neural networks, performance was higher with IMU-based wearables data compared to video. The best network was an LSTM AutoEncoder (6 layers, 700 K parameters; wearable data accuracy:0.985, F1-score:0.936 (Fig. 1); video data accuracy:0.962, F1-score:0.842). Remarkably, when using video as input there were no significant differences in the performance metrics obtained among different architectures. On the contrary, the F1 scores using IMU data varied significantly (DNN: 0.849, CNN: 0.889, CNN-LSTM: 0.879, LSTM-CNN: 0.904, LSTM: 0.920, LSTM-AE: 0.936).Download : Download high-res image (108KB)Download : Download full-size image Wearables and video present advantages and disadvantages. While IMUs can provide accurate information about the orientation and acceleration of body parts, body-to-segment calibration and drift can affect data reliability. Similarly, a single camera can easily track the position of different body joints, but the recorded data does not yet reliably represent the movement with all degrees of freedom. Our experiments confirm that despite the current limitations of wearables, with a very si","PeriodicalId":94018,"journal":{"name":"Gait & posture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135297896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of neuromuscular and abductor strengthening exercises in the hip abductor muscle strength: A randomized controlled trial","authors":"Sofia Pastrouma, Filippos Kasiotis, Aikaterini - Evanthia Gkanatsiou, Natalia Kitsouli, Konstantinos Vassis, Zacharias Dimitriadis, Savvas Spanos, Ioannis Poulis","doi":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2023.07.193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2023.07.193","url":null,"abstract":"Decreased hip abductor strength has been associated with a range of knee pathologies. Hip abduction muscles play a critical role in providing pelvic stability and leg alignment during weight-bearing movements by eccentrically controlling hip adduction. Poor hip control can result in abnormal lower extremity motions, and studies have reported that lower limb problems such as patellofemoral pain (PFP),1 knee osteoarthritis (OA),2 and ACL injuries,3,4 are linked with altered lower limb kinematics, with a higher prevalence in females.5 A body of literature suggests that increased dynamic knee valgus is associated with hip abductor weakness.6 Moreover, several studies have shown that interventions such as neuromuscular training (NMT) programs can lower the incidence of lower extremity problems. An NMT program emphasizing optimal alignment of the trunk and lower limb joints relative to each other, along with quality movement performance while dynamically and functionally strengthening the lower limb muscles, may be better at enhancing hip muscle strength. Therefore, we performed a randomized controlled trial evaluating the effects of NMT in comparison to a progressive resistance training program (PRT) on muscle hip abductor strength. To investigate whether a 6-week NMT can improve the hip abductor muscle strength better than a PRT. The present study was a single-blind randomized controlled trial aiming to investigate the effects of two interventions on asymptomatic females, aged 18-35 years old. Sample size calculation revealed that 26 participants per group were required. Following a baseline assessment, 52 participants were randomly assigned to either a 6-week PRT or NMT intervention involving 3 sessions per week. The PRT intervention consisted of hip abductor exercises performed in an open kinetic chain, with three to four sets of ten repetitions at a target intensity of 6-8 RPE.7,8,9 The NMT intervention focused on improving functional stability, balance, proprioception, strength, agility, postural function, and orientation,10,11 consisting of weight-bearing positions. The participants were assessed after the 6-week intervention. Mean peak hip abduction, concentric and eccentric torque, were measured by a blinded assessor on a Biodex System 3 Pro isokinetic dynamometer at 60°/s. Dependent t-tests showed significant improvements in CON60, and ECC60 after both interventions (<0.05) (Table 1). Two-way mixed ANOVAs did not reveal statistically significant Group*Time interactions for the CON60 and ECC60. The results from the comparison of the effectiveness of each intervention are visually presented in Figs. 1 and 2. Download : Download high-res image (114KB)Download : Download full-size image Both PRT and NMT improved abductor strength. However, both groups had similar overall differences in strength before and after the intervention. Since no intervention is superior to the other, neuromuscular training might be clinically preferred as it combines dyn","PeriodicalId":94018,"journal":{"name":"Gait & posture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135298030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The volume of the lateral gastrocnemius appears reduced in some Idiopathic toe walkers","authors":"Anne Mcnee, Jonathan Noble, Stuart Evans, Karen Ziegler, Stephen Ng Man Sun, Alison Hulme, Nicola Fry, Adam Shortland","doi":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2023.07.172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2023.07.172","url":null,"abstract":"Plantarflexion contractures are often the focus for intervention in children who toe walk (TW). Caserta et.al1 found reduced plantarflexor strength in TW and greater proportions of type 1 fibres were identified in the plantarflexors2. Variable but mild differences in kinematics have been found between children with mild bilateral cerebral palsy (CP) and TW3,4. Children with CP have reduced muscle volumes compared to typically developing children5. Plantarflexor morphology in TW has not yet been described. Is ankle plantarflexor volume reduced in children who toe walk? Eight children (5male) aged 7-15 yr (mean=11.86 yrs) referred to our orthopaedic department for toe walking and plantarflexion contractures, with no underlying diagnosis, had a routine examination in the gait laboratory. They were matched for age and sex to children with CP (GMFCS I-II) who had also been examined. Assessment included gait analysis and 2D ultrasound imaging of the lateral gastrocnemius(LG). Muscle volumes were estimated by the Vanmechelen et.al6 method, normalised to mass. Selective motor control (SCALE) was assessed according to Fowler et.al7. Mobility was assessed using the Gillette Functional Assessment Questionnaire (GFAQ) 8. Data was compared to a large database of controls (unpaired t-test) and between groups (paired t-test). One limb per subject was randomly selected for analysis. All children had plantarflexor contractures: mean passive dorsiflexion range (knee extended) of -9.4° (SD10.9°) for TW and -6.5° (SD7.2°) for CP. TW had close to normal motor control (SCALE:Median=10, Range=8-10) whereas CP had a greater variability (SCALE:Median=9.5, Range=5-10). Walking function was within normal limits for TW (GFAQ Median=10 Range=8-10) but more variable for CP (GFAQ Median=8 Range=5-10). No difference in speed/cadence was found between groups (p=0.5/p=0.86) and these were within normal limits. All children were in ankle plantarflexion at initial contact (no difference between groups, p=0.48). Mean ankle dorsiflexion in stance and swing were not different between groups (p=0.94, p=0.84). For four TW children, normalised mean LG volume was significantly smaller than controls (1.07vs1.53 ml/kg) (p<0.01) but no different to CP (1.01 ml/kg) (p=0.64). The other TW had LG CSA which was too great for the US field of view. In the presence of an ankle plantarflexion contracture, TW children show less variability in selective motor control and functional mobility to a matched CP group. TW and CP show similar kinematics at the ankle, cadence and speed. A subgroup of TW children had reduced normalised LG compared to control data, comparable in size to the CP group. Other subjects’ muscles were larger and could not be measured. This suggests subgroups of TW with different muscle sizes, which has implications for aetiology and management. Further work is required to further elucidate the triceps surae muscle morphology in TW and relationship between morphology and toe walking.","PeriodicalId":94018,"journal":{"name":"Gait & posture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135298032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gait deviations in rare genetic syndromes: is there a common denomitator for patients with Dravet, HVDAS and TSC?","authors":"Patricia Van De Walle, An Jansen, An-Sofie Schoonjans, Anke Van Dijck, Colette Puts, Iris van Hal, Marijn Weren, Kinaci Esra, Ann Hallemans","doi":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2023.08.027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2023.08.027","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94018,"journal":{"name":"Gait & posture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135298034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Age related changes in lower-limb joint coordination during gait in children with bilateral cerebral palsy","authors":"Damien Kiernan, Ailish Malone","doi":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2023.08.024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2023.08.024","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94018,"journal":{"name":"Gait & posture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135298035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Explainable machine learning approach on biomechanical features to identify weakness in a population-based setting on aging","authors":"Mariapia Musci, Simona Aresta, Francesco Bottiglione, Michele Ruta, Tommaso Di Noia, Rodolfo Sardone, Ilaria Bortone","doi":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2023.07.167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2023.07.167","url":null,"abstract":"Weakness, as measured by maximal Hand Grip Strength (HGS), represents one of the five criteria used in Fried's definition of frailty [1] and is associated with a wide range of health conditions, which makes it challenging to delineate what body system processes are responsible for weakness. [2]. Still, poor studies have investigated the associations between HGS and dynamic functional assessments [3]. To identify a pattern of functional characteristics, extracted from the 5-repetitions-sit-to-stand (5STS) test biomechanical signals best predict weakness. An Explanation approach to a Machine Learning model was also used. In a subcohort of the longitudinal study of aging [4], 86 subjects over 65 performed the 5STS test [5,6]. They were equipped with an IMU on the L5 vertebra and four sEMG probes (BTS Bioengineering) on the Gastrocnemius Medialis and Tibialis Anterior both side muscles. Several kinematic and muscular features were extracted from the cycle, standing and sitting phases. A handgrip dynamometer was used to measure HGS. Men and women who were considered weak had HGS<26 kg and <16 kg, respectively. Socio-demographic information (age, sex and BMI) was also included. The final dataset consisted of 119 features for all subjects. We first performed the undersampling of the majority class (without weakness); then the dataset was divided into 70% training and 30% testing and normalised using the z-score method. Because of the curse of dimensionality, a pipeline for feature selection and hyperparameter tuning, using the GridSearchCV method, was defined to obtain the best Kernel-SVM model. The best model was chosen according to the accuracy score. To evaluate our model accuracy, precision and recall were calculated. All the analyses were performed using the Scikit-Learn library [7] with Python 3.6. To explain our model Python's SHAP library was used [8]. From the hyperparameter tuning, we obtained six features: hip power (Whip), power along the vertical axis (Wvert), and cycle jerk along the vertical axis and its coefficient of variation, age, and sex. Fig. 1 shows the boxplots for the biomechanical selected variables.The model showed 90.0% and 85.7% accuracy on the training and testing sets, respectively. The precision of 100%, recall of 71%, and f1-score 83%, while the precision of 78%, recall of 100%, and f1-score of 88% was obtained on the class without weakness and its counterpart, respectively.The explainability analysis showed that age, Wvert and Whip were the three most important variables in predicting weakness in absolute terms. Sex resulted being the least important variable. Picture 1 - \"Boxplot of the biomechanical selected features according to the weakness condition\"Download : Download high-res image (71KB)Download : Download full-size image Measures of HGS are associated with deficits in several physical functions. In a population-based setting, we identified biomechanical features from 5STS related to stability that could help pre","PeriodicalId":94018,"journal":{"name":"Gait & posture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135298039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examining the gait pattern in terms of spatio-temporal, kinematic and kinetic parameters during gait initiation in MS patients","authors":"Narges Jahantigh Akbari, Mohammad Yousefi","doi":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2023.07.110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2023.07.110","url":null,"abstract":"MS is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (1). Postural balance impairment is frequently depicted as one of the initial symptoms of MS and one of the most impairing MS symptoms (2, 3). the gait impairment is one of the most common indications of MS and influences the quality of life (4). Although investigation of the quiet stance is critical for analyzing the balance impairments, more challenging situations such as gait initiation (GI) may give a deeper knowledge into understanding of the mechanisms of dynamic postural control (5). Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the gait pattern in terms of spatio-temporal, kinematic and kinetic parameters during the gait initiation phase in people with MS. What are the influencing factors on the gait pattern in gait initiation phase in MS patients? Search in PubMed, Cochrane, Science of Direct, Web of science, Scopus, and Google scholar Databases from 2019 to December 2022 was conducted. Studies were included if: individuals with multiple sclerosis disease, examination the gait initiation phase, and assessment of center of pressure(COP), anticipatory postural adjustments (APA), spatio-temporal, kinematic and kinetic parameters and muscular synergies as outcome measure were evaluated. Included studies were independently reviewed by two authors for their quality evaluation using modified Downs and Black checklist. Since meta-analysis was not possible, studies were descriptively presented. Ten articles were selected for final analysis. A total of 231 MS patients and 132 healthy subjects were included with ages ranging from 18 to 76 years old. The findings of studies showed COP position at gait initiation was more anterior and net muscular moments for each joint were significantly different during the APA phase with smoother variations in patients with MS than healthy participants. A lower amount of muscle activity during APA were reported. The first step was shorter in MS patients compared to healthy people. Gait initiation in the early stage of MS could be a useful measure to characterize balance. These results suggest that it is possible to use the gait initiation evaluation as an effective method for the rehabilitation treatment of these patients.","PeriodicalId":94018,"journal":{"name":"Gait & posture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135298044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling of different arm swing and the effect on hip flexors and extensors","authors":"Sadegh Madadi, Mostafa Rostami, Afshin Taheri Azam","doi":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2023.07.145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2023.07.145","url":null,"abstract":"The human body is a complex system of interconnected muscles and joints that work together to produce movement. The hip joint is particularly important in this regard, as it is responsible for supporting the weight of the body and facilitating movement of the legs. The flexor and extensor muscles of the hip joint play a crucial role in this process, as they are responsible for moving the leg forward and backward, respectively. Does the swing of the arm affect the activity of the flexor and extensor muscles of the hip joint?Download : Download high-res image (89KB)Download : Download full-size image To investigate the relationship between different swings of the arm and the effect on the flexor and extensor muscles of the hip joint, we utilized the OpenSim software. We created a model of the human body in OpenSim by motion capture data and used it to measuring the activity of the flexor and extensor muscles of the hip joint. sample consisted of 20 healthy adults (10 males, 10 females) between the ages of 18 and 30. All participants were free of any musculoskeletal disorders or injuries that could affect their hip joint function. Results showed that there was a significant difference in muscle activity between arm swings. Specifically, when the arm was swung forward, the activity in the flexor muscles of the hip joint was significantly higher than when the arm was swung backward (p < 0.001). Conversely, when the arm was swung backward, the activity in the extensor muscles of the hip joint was significantly higher than when the arm was swung forward (p < 0.001). We also found that the difference in muscle activity between arm swings was more pronounced in males compared to females (p = 0.03). This suggests that there may be gender-specific differences in the way the hip joint muscles are activated during arm swings. We studied the three types of long, short and normal swing (p = 0.02). These findings provide valuable insight into the relationship between arm swings and hip joint muscle activation, which can be useful for individuals seeking to optimize their hip joint function. This study provides insight into the relationship between different arm swings and the activity of the flexor and extensor muscles of the hip joint. Arm swings can have a significant effect on the activation of these muscles, and this effect may differ between males and females. This information can be useful for individuals seeking to optimize their hip joint function, such as athletes or those undergoing rehabilitation after hip joint injuries.","PeriodicalId":94018,"journal":{"name":"Gait & posture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135298051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel method for tracking movements of backpack’s centre of mass in dynamic activities","authors":"Qiang Zhang, Leichao Liang, Weiping Zhu, Xie Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2023.07.274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2023.07.274","url":null,"abstract":"Postural compensations with backpack may cause considerable body strains, resulting in fatigue, pain, and injury [1]. Backpack’s position can influence carrier’s posture and dynamic performance [2]. Characterizing the backpack’s position, namely the position of its centre of mass (COM) with respect to the carrier’s body, allows modelling its dynamic loading towards revealing the moment and moment of inertia it renders on the carrier. These knowledges will provide novel insights into the carrier’s postural compensations and musculoskeletal injury [3]. Despite of the importance, there is a lack of an easy approach that can determine and track the movement of a backpack’s COM during dynamic activities. How to determine the position of a backpack’s COM and track its movements in walking with the backpack? A backpack was tightly filled with sandbags, resulting in a total weight of 10 kg. Using a 3D motion capture system (Vicon, UK), we created the backpack’s local coordinate system (CS) with the three reflective markers attached on it. A directional cosine matrix was established for coordinate transformations between the backpack’s and the lab’s CS. A mannequin was then placed on an integrated force plate (Kistler, Switzerland), and its weight and centre of pressure were measured. This measurement was repeated after placing the backpack on the mannequin (two positions, Fig. 1a), and the horizontal coordinates of the backpack’s COM were calculated according to the Varignon's Theorem. Fig. 1. Experiments and outcomes: a) Measuring centre of pressure in backpack’s two postures; b) Displacement of backpack’s and subject’s COM during walking. Download : Download high-res image (81KB)Download : Download full-size image As the coordinates of the backpack’s COM in the backpack’s local CS remained unchanged, an equation could be established to calculate the vertical coordinate of the backpack’s COM with its horizontal coordinates. Finally, the coordinates of the backpack’s COM in the backpack’s local CS were determined through coordinate transformation. Afterwards, a healthy young subject was instrumented with full-body marker set, and then performed walking with the backpack at 5 km/h. Using Visual 3D (C-Motion, USA), a virtual marker was created according to above outcomes, and the marker’s movements were computed from the gait trials. The results indicated that the vertical displacement magnitude of backpack’s and subject’s COM was similar (Fig. 1b), with a small temporal difference. In the mediolateral direction, the displacement of the backpack’s COM was much greater than that of the subject’s COM. A clear lag effect was observed in their mediolateral displacement during walking, where the backpack’s COM reached its ultimate mediolateral positions later than the subject’s COM did. Our approach can be applied to easily determine a backpack’s COM in 3D motion analysis, towards quantifying backpack’s loading effects and studying carrier’s postural adaptation","PeriodicalId":94018,"journal":{"name":"Gait & posture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135298192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hip rotation obtained via conventional and functional knee joint axis calibration in the context of femoral derotation osteotomy","authors":"Arik Rehani Musagara, Marco Götze, Sebastian I. Wolf","doi":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2023.07.206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2023.07.206","url":null,"abstract":"Transversally measured hip rotation can add valuable information in the indication of femoral derotation osteotomy (FDO) (Dreher 2007), which serves as the gold standard in the treatment of internally rotated gait. Typically, studies on gait analyses in the context of FDO relied on the conventional calibration of the knee joint axis (KJA) based on palpation of the epicondyles. However, researchers regularly face discrepancies between planned FDO angle, pre-post changes in anteversion and pre-post changes in hip rotation (Böhm 2015, Putz 2016). Apart from previously discussed factors, we hypothesized that a functional calibration of the KJA might lead to smaller differences between aforementioned parameters and therefore provide more coherent results than the conventional method. Does a functional KJA calibration allow for smaller differences between intraoperative FDO angle and pre-post changes in mean hip rotation in stance (mHipRotSt)? 14 patients (mean age at surgery: 16.2 ± 9.5 years) scheduled for FDO were examined retrospectively in this study. 3D gait analysis including functional KJA calibration and rotational MRIs (available in 8 of 14 patients) for estimating anteversion were measured pre- (1 day) and post-FDO (11.7 ± 3.1 months). Functional calibration included three unassisted, unloaded knee flexion-extension movements in single limb stance and were repeated for both legs. Subsequently the SARA algorithm (Ehrig 2007) was applied. Conventional estimation of the KJA was done with the Knee Alignment Device method. FDO angle was documented during surgery and was measured intraoperatively with a goniometer. Postoperative mHipRotSt was significantly smaller (p <0.001) for both conventional and functional method than before surgery (Table 1). A significant, high correlation was observed between the pre-post FDO change of conventionally measured mHipRotSt and intraoperative external FDO angle (r = 0.62, p < 0.01). For the functionally measured change in mHipRotSt a non-significant, moderate correlation (r = 0.41, p = 0.1) was found. Discrepancies between change in mHipRotSt and mean FDO angle/ change in anteversion were 3.4°/ 1.6° conventionally and 10.4°/ 8.4° functionally measured. Correlation analysis between preoperative Range of motion (ROM) during calibration movement and the change in mHipRotSt revealed a weak, non-significant correlation (r = 0.16, p = 0.549).Download : Download high-res image (110KB)Download : Download full-size image The conventional method is more in alignment with the aimed intraoperative FDO and therefore appears as the preferable option in the decision-making process in the context of FDO. Also changes in the anteversion were closer to conventionally measured values. Analysis on the presumably more restricted ROM did not indicate that it had a strong influence on the differences between pre- and postoperative mHipRotSt.","PeriodicalId":94018,"journal":{"name":"Gait & posture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135298207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}