Endokrynologia Polska最新文献

{"title":"Ultrasound and cytopathological characteristics of thyroid tumours of uncertain malignant potential - from diagnosis to treatment.","authors":"Agnieszka Żyłka, K. Dobruch-Sobczak, H. Piotrzkowska-Wróblewska, Maciej Jędrzejczyk, Piotr Góralski, J. Gałczyński, E. Bakuła-Zalewska, Marek Dedecjus","doi":"10.5603/ep.98488","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5603/ep.98488","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION\u0000The latest World Health Organization (WHO) classification from 2022 distinguishes the division of low-risk thyroid neoplasms such as non-invasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features (NIFTP), follicular tumour of uncertain malignant potential (FT-UMP), and well-differentiated tumour of uncertain malignant potential (WDT-UMP). The final diagnosis is made postoperatively according to histopathologic results. The aim of the study was the assessment of ultrasonographic and cytopathological features of borderline lesions to predict low-risk tumours preoperatively and plan the optimal treatment for that group of patients.\u0000\u0000\u0000MATERIAL AND METHODS\u0000A total of 35 patients (30 women; 5 men), aged 20-81 years with a mean age of 49 years, were enrolled in the study. The study evaluated 35 focal lesions of the thyroid gland, classified as low-risk neoplasms according to the WHO 2022 classification: FT-UMP (n = 21), NIFTP (n = 7), and WDT-UMP (n = 7). Ultrasonographic features of nodules including contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) and elastography were assessed by 2 specialists, and the risk of malignancy was evaluated according to EU-TIRADS-PL classification.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000Of the 35 focal thyroid lesions, most were categorised as low or intermediate risk of malignancy according to EU-TIRADS-PL, with dominant category 3 [n = 13 (37.2%)] and category 4 [n = 15 (42.8%)]. High-risk category 5 was assessed in 7 lesions (20%). In cytopathology nodules were categorised as follows (Bethesda System TBSRTC 2023): Bethesda II (n = 4), Bethesda III (n = 2), Bethesda IV (n = 25), Bethesda V (n = 3), and Bethesda VI (n = 1). In the CEUS study, contrasting patterns dominated compared to the surrounding parenchyma, such as enhancement equal to the parenchyma (66.6%) or intense (28.5%), heterogeneous (61.9%), centripetal (42.8%), or diffuse (57.1%) with fast (33.3%) or compared to parenchyma contrast wash-in (42.8%) and its fast (33.3%) or comparable to thyroid parenchyma wash-out (52.3%).\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSIONS\u0000The study indicates that lesions with uncertain malignant potential typically present features suggesting low to intermediate risk of malignancy based on EU-TIRADS-PL classification, with dominant cytopathologic Bethesda IV category. However, 20% of lesions were assessed tas EU-TIRADS-PL category 5. Low-risk tumours, including NIFTP, FT-UMP, and WDT-UMP, require careful observation and monitoring post surgical treatment due to their potential for recurrence and metastasis. The preoperatively prediction of borderline tumour may play an important role in proper treatment and follow-up.","PeriodicalId":93990,"journal":{"name":"Endokrynologia Polska","volume":"244 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140752612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Subacute thyroiditis: a rare presentation in pregnancy.","authors":"Naile Gokkaya","doi":"10.5603/ep.100470","DOIUrl":"10.5603/ep.100470","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Not required for Clinical Vignettes.</p>","PeriodicalId":93990,"journal":{"name":"Endokrynologia Polska","volume":"75 4","pages":"448-449"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142304593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of trenbolone on selected organs.","authors":"Rafał Borecki, Piotr Byczkiewicz, Jolanta Słowikowska-Hilczer","doi":"10.5603/ep.99130","DOIUrl":"10.5603/ep.99130","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Trenbolone is a synthetic analogue of testosterone, belonging to the nandrolone group. It has both a strong anabolic effect and a limited androgenic effect (i.e. an androgen and anabolic steroid - AAS). It is used illegally by professional or amateur athletes, who want to improve their athletic performance and appearance by increasing their muscle mass. Trenbolone, like other AASs, are harmful, with 90% of users experiencing injurious side effects. It acts systemically on the body, and as such, its side effects can manifest as symptoms from different systems. Nevertheless, its popularity is increasing. This paper reviews the current state of knowledge regarding the adverse effects of trenbolone on the nervous, reproductive, immune systems and breast, muscular and adipose tissues. However, various other adverse consequences of trenbolone utilization are observed, with severe acne and gynaecomastia affecting approximately one-third of all users, as well as excessive body hair, stretch marks, hypertension and cardiac arrhythmia. The drugs are also subject to contamination, with use frequently resulting in local inflammation at the injection site, muscle adhesions and fibrosis, nerve damage or, in extreme cases, necrosis of the injection site. Additionally, due to the lack of available knowledge on the subject, many of the effects of trenbolone use remain unknown. Moreover, the fact that multiple AASs may be used simultaneously presents a significant problem in their study. Therefore, further research is necessary to better understand the effects of AAS on the body, and to expand our currently incomplete knowledge of their functional pathways.</p>","PeriodicalId":93990,"journal":{"name":"Endokrynologia Polska","volume":" ","pages":"267-278"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141422236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adrenal hypoplasia congenita and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism due to a novel NR0B1 (DAX1) gene mutation associated with common variable immunodeficiency and Hashimoto's thyroiditis.","authors":"Jasmina Ćirić, Ivana Novaković, Aleksandra Perić-Popadić, Miloš Žarković, Biljana Nedeljković Beleslin, Branka Bonači-Nikolić","doi":"10.5603/ep.99536","DOIUrl":"10.5603/ep.99536","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Not required for Clinical Vignette.</p>","PeriodicalId":93990,"journal":{"name":"Endokrynologia Polska","volume":" ","pages":"560-561"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142396263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fibroblast growth factor 21 in patients with mild autonomic cortisol secretion and non-functioning adrenal incidentalomas.","authors":"Lucyna Siemińska, Katarzyna Siemińska, Anna Dittfeld, Agnieszka Kotecka-Blicharz","doi":"10.5603/ep.102598","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5603/ep.102598","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Epidemiological studies have reported a link between adrenocortical adenomas (ACA), obesity, and cardiometabolic risk. Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is a stress-induced protein synthesised predominantly in the liver, which regulates metabolism. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the concentration of FGF21 in patients with ACA and its relationship with hypothalamic-pituitary- adrenal function, obesity, markers of cardiometabolic health, and adenoma size.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A total of 197 patients with ACA were included in the analysis, 82 diagnosed with mild autonomous cortisol secretion (MACS) and 115 with non-functioning adrenal adenoma incidentaloma (NFAI). MACS was defined as serum cortisol concentration post 1 mg dexamethasone test (DST) ≥ 1.8 μg/dL. In each patient weight, height, and waist circumference were measured, and body mass index (BMI) was calculated. Serum concentrations of FGF21, cortisol, dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate, adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglycerides, glucose, and insulin were measured. The cortisol-to ACTH ratio, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR), lipid accumulation product (LAP), and cardiometabolic index (CMI) were calculated. Adrenal tumour size was evaluated from imaging procedures.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Serum FGF21 concentrations were significantly higher in patients with MACS than in NFAI, which was independent of BMI. There were no differences between MACS and NFAI groups regarding HOMA-IR, LAP, and CMI. We observed a positive correlation between serum FGF21 concentration and cortisol level after DST, as well as the cortisol-to-ACTH ratio. FGF21 was negatively correlated with dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DHEAS). There were no significant correlations between serum FGF21 concentration and BMI, waist circumference, and HOMA-IR, but serum FGF21 levels were positively correlated with TG, LAP, and CMI. Positive relationships between adenoma size and serum FGF21 concentration were found.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Higher levels of FGF21 in adrenal tumours with MACS when compared with NFAI represent another pathophysiological link related to chronic glucocorticoid excess.</p>","PeriodicalId":93990,"journal":{"name":"Endokrynologia Polska","volume":"75 6","pages":"672-683"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143652722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential diagnosis of thyroid orbitopathy - diseases mimicking the presentation or activity of thyroid orbitopathy.","authors":"Mariusz Nowak, Wojciech Nowak, Bogdan Marek, Beata Kos-Kudła, Lucyna Siemińska, Magdalena Londzin-Olesik, Dariusz Kajdaniuk","doi":"10.5603/ep.98156","DOIUrl":"10.5603/ep.98156","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Thyroid orbitopathy (TO) is the most common cause of orbital tissue inflammation, accounting for about 60% of all orbital inflammations. The inflammatory activity and severity of TO should be diagnosed based on personal experience and according to standard diagnostic criteria. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the orbit is used not only to identify swelling and to differentiate inflammatory active from non-active TO, but also to exclude other pathologies, such as orbital tumours or vascular lesions. However, a group of diseases can mimic the clinical manifestations of TO, leading to serious diagnostic difficulties, especially when the patient has previously been diagnosed with a thyroid disorder. Diagnostic problems can be presented by cases of unilateral TO, unilateral or bilateral TO in patients with no previous or concomitant symptoms of thyroid disorders, lack of symptoms of eyelid retraction, divergent strabismus, diplopia as the only symptom of the disease, and history of increasing diplopia at the end of the day. The lack of visible efficacy of ongoing immunosuppressive treatment should also raise caution and lead to a differential diagnosis of TO. Differential diagnosis of TO and evaluation of its activity includes conditions leading to redness and/or swelling of the conjunctiva and/or eyelids, and other causes of ocular motility disorders and eye-setting disorders. In this paper, the authors review the most common diseases that can mimic TO or falsify the assessment of inflammatory activity of TO.</p>","PeriodicalId":93990,"journal":{"name":"Endokrynologia Polska","volume":"75 1","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140144856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of steroid therapy in a 16-year-old girl observed for lymphocytic hypophysitis.","authors":"Elżbieta Moszczyńska, Marta Baszyńska-Wilk, Patrycja Dasiewicz, Aleksandra Tutka, Anna Smorczewska-Kiljan, Magdalena Marszał, Iwona Pakuła-Kościesza","doi":"10.5603/ep.96770","DOIUrl":"10.5603/ep.96770","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Not required for Clinical Vignette.</p>","PeriodicalId":93990,"journal":{"name":"Endokrynologia Polska","volume":"75 1","pages":"109-110"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140144858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Height loss in postmenopausal women predicts multiple fractures in 10-year follow-up: results from the RAC-OST-POL study.","authors":"Wojciech Pluskiewicz, Piotr Adamczyk, Aleksandra Werner, Malgorzata Bach, Bogna Drozdzowska","doi":"10.5603/ep.97226","DOIUrl":"10.5603/ep.97226","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>In daily practice the diagnostic process for osteoporosis in elderly patients should also include physical assessment. The aim of the study was to verify the hypothesis that height loss (HL) predicts fracture incidence.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The study was performed in an epidemiological sample of postmenopausal women recruited in the RAC-OST-POL study. At baseline, data were collected in 978 postmenopausal women at a mean age of 66.48±7.6 years, and at 10-year follow-up 640 patients remained, with a mean age of 75.04 ± 6.95 years. Current height and HL were established in regard to maximal life height. Data on fracture incidence were gathered throughout the period of observation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During the follow-up period 190 osteoporotic fractures were noted. Ninety-one women had one fracture, and in 38 women, multiple fractures occurred. In the fractured and unfractured subgroups, HL was 5.45 ± 3.28 and 4.8 ± 3.56 cm, respectively, and differed significantly (p < 0.05). HL in subjects without fracture did not differ from those with one fracture (HL 4.8 ± 3.56 vs. 4.8 ± 2.66 cm, respectively). For patients with more than one fracture HL was 7.03 ± 4.06 cm and was significantly higher than in subjects with one or without any fracture (p < 0.01). Based on receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, HL of 6 cm was identified as the cut-off point for high risk of multiple fractures.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>HL of at least 6 cm is the predictor of multiple fractures in a prospective observation of a representative epidemiological female sample. Therefore, the measurement of HL should always be included in patients' assessments.</p>","PeriodicalId":93990,"journal":{"name":"Endokrynologia Polska","volume":"75 1","pages":"95-101"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140144859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term remission of corticosteroid-resistant Graves' orbitopathy after therapy with tocilizumab.","authors":"Joanna Rymuza, Aleksander Kuś, Dorota Białas-Niedziela, Monika Turczyńska, Dariusz Kęcik, Tomasz Bednarczuk","doi":"10.5603/ep.97224","DOIUrl":"10.5603/ep.97224","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Not required for Clinical Vignettes.</p>","PeriodicalId":93990,"journal":{"name":"Endokrynologia Polska","volume":"75 1","pages":"117-118"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140144932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"p53-associated miRNAs repress lncRNA ZFAS1 to retard the proliferation of papillary thyroid carcinoma.","authors":"Gang Wang, Liping Wei, Hui Yang","doi":"10.5603/ep.97567","DOIUrl":"10.5603/ep.97567","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Thyroid carcinoma is the most frequent malignancy among endocrine-related tumours. Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the main type of thyroid carcinoma, and almost 80% cases of thyroid carcinoma are diagnosed as PTC. The molecular mechanism underlying PTC progression is unclear. This study aims to investigate the potential mechanisms of zinc finger antisense 1 (ZFAS1) function in PTC.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The expression of ZFAS1 and p53 was determined by quantitative polymerase chain analysis (qPCR) in PTC tissues derived from 20 PTC patients. Quantitative chromatin immunoprecipitation assay (qChIP) analysis was performed to validate the target of ZFAS1/p53 and miRNAs/p53. The Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) dataset GSE94908 was analysed to obtain the differentially expressed p53-associated microRNAs (miRNAs). Luciferase assay validated the target of ZFAS1/miRNAs, and 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was used to determine the cell proliferation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The expression of ZFAS1 was up-regulated in the tissues derived from PTC patients, and the expression of ZFAS1 was negatively associated with p53 expression in PTC. The expression of ZFAS1 was significantly higher in the MDA-T120 cells harbouring mutant p53. We validated that ZFAS1 is a direct target of p53. In PTC cells, p53 directly repressed the ZFAS1 expression. In addition, we determined that miR-135b-5p and miR-193a-3p are directly induced by p53 in PTC cells. Interestingly, p53-targeted miR-135b-5p, miR-193a-3p, and miR-34b repressed the expression of ZFAS1 via the seed-matching sequences in the 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) of ZFAS1, and thereby suppressed PTC cell proliferation induced by ZFAS1.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The oncogenic lncRNA ZFAS1 is directly repressed by p53 in PTC. p53-mediated miRNAs including miR-135b 5p, miR-193a-3p, and miR-34b repress ZFAS1 expression, and thereby inhibit the proliferation of PTC.</p>","PeriodicalId":93990,"journal":{"name":"Endokrynologia Polska","volume":"75 1","pages":"12-19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140144935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}