Current stem cell research & therapy最新文献

{"title":"Mesenchymal Stem Cell-derived Exosomes in the Treatment of Skin and Subcutaneous Tissue Diseases: A Review.","authors":"Aidar Dairov, Assel Issabekova, Vyacheslav Ogay","doi":"10.2174/011574888X393159250704132425","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/011574888X393159250704132425","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Skin and subcutaneous tissue diseases (SSTDs) are a leading cause of nonfatal disability worldwide, particularly in resource-poor regions, affecting over one-third of the world's population. Current treatments for SSTDs include topical and oral medications, as well as mechanotherapy; however, these approaches have several significant limitations, including insufficient efficacy, side effects, and high costs. In this regard, particular interest is directed to mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (MSC-Exo), the therapeutic properties of which have been actively studied worldwide in recent years. Our aim was to review clinical trials, published clinical studies, and case reports on MSC-Exo-based cell-free therapy for SSTDs, summarizing both its opportunities and challenges for clinical translation. A literature search for clinical studies and case reports of the application of MSCExo in the treatment of SSTDs was conducted using PubMed, Google Scholar databases, and ClinicalTrials. gov. The analysis revealed that MSC-Exo are utilized in treating diverse SSTDs, including: alopecia and hair thinning, psoriasis, facial redness in patients with atopic dermatitis, sensitive skin, melasma, skin wounds, ulcers and burns, skin aging, hyperpigmentation, scars, and dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa. Ongoing clinical trials and preliminary published clinical studies and case reports demonstrate that MSC-Exo are safe and effective cell-free therapeutic agents, highlighting their potential as a novel treatment for SSTDs.</p>","PeriodicalId":93971,"journal":{"name":"Current stem cell research & therapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144639017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research Progress on Pancreatic Islet Organoids.","authors":"Meng-Tian Tan, Gui-Ying Li, Na Shen, Xu-Dong Wang, Xin-Cheng Du, Li Zhang, Hai-Jun Zhang","doi":"10.2174/011574888X383245250617052324","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/011574888X383245250617052324","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a condition that arises from the dysfunction or disruption of pancreatic islets, characterized by elevated blood glucose levels. The advent and development of islet organoids have facilitated insulin-independent treatments and the reproduction of complex tissue or organ development.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This review focuses on the potential and value of islet organoids in both basic research and clinical applications, particularly in addressing the limitations of current diabetes treatments. We further discuss the structural characteristics of islets and explore various methods for obtaining seed cells, constructing organoids, and identifying factors that influence the formation and development of islet organoids.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The online databases, including Pubmed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, Web of Science, Embase, and reference lists were searched using the keywords diabetes mellitus, islet organoids, beta cells, material, development, three-dimensional, extracellular matrix, biomechanical, to identify published articles relevant to pancreatic islet organoids.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We examine the structural characteristics of islets and investigate various methods for obtaining seed cells, constructing organoids, and identifying factors that influence the formation and maturation of islet organoids.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>To achieve a cure for diabetes, researchers have made significant efforts in islet transplantation and cell-derived insulin-secreting devices. However, organoids still require substantial improvements in cell sources, assembly techniques, and vascularization.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Islet organoids derived from stem cells may enable them to achieve insulin-independent regulation of blood glucose levels, thereby offering new hope for the individuals with diabetes.</p>","PeriodicalId":93971,"journal":{"name":"Current stem cell research & therapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144546626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Influence of Renal Stem/Progenitor Cells in Kidney Diseases.","authors":"Fabio Sallustio","doi":"10.2174/011574888X393000250617102301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/011574888X393000250617102301","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93971,"journal":{"name":"Current stem cell research & therapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144546627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes in the Treatment of End-Stage Liver Disease.","authors":"Fa-Da Wang, En-Qiang Chen","doi":"10.2174/011574888X371122250613125926","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/011574888X371122250613125926","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>End-stage liver disease (ESLD) poses a significant threat to human health due to its high mortality rate. Although liver transplantation represents the most effective treatment modality, its application is limited by donor scarcity and prohibitive costs, thereby necessitating the development of innovative and efficacious therapeutic strategies. Within the realm of regenerative medicine, stem cell therapy has emerged as a promising alternative for ESLD treatment, with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) being at the forefront due to their exceptional multifunctional differentiation and self-renewal capabilities. Nonetheless, safety concerns, including the potential risk of tumorigenesis associated with MSCs, remain inadequately addressed. Recent evidence indicates that the therapeutic effects of MSCs are primarily mediated through paracrine mechanisms, with MSC-derived exosomes (MSC-Exos) serving as the principal effector mediators. The utilization of exosomes alone for therapeutic purposes not only preserves the beneficial effects of MSCs but also mitigates risks such as tumorigenic potential. Over the past few years, MSC-Exos have demonstrated significant ad-vancements across various medical disciplines, including cardiology, neurology, and gastroenterology. This review outlines the key mechanisms and recent progress in utilizing MSC-Exos in treating end-stage liver disease, seeking to highlight their unique therapeu- tic role.</p>","PeriodicalId":93971,"journal":{"name":"Current stem cell research & therapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144510011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Innovative Approaches to Neural Differentiation: Chondroitin 4-Sulfate and Chondroitinase Induce Differentiation in Human-induced Pluripotent Stem Cells.","authors":"Mohsen Ghiasi, Mohammad-Taher Moradi, Raheleh Halabian, Marzieh Ghollasi, Abdolreza Dayani","doi":"10.2174/011574888X365326250610113501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/011574888X365326250610113501","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Stem cells have recently gained prominence in regenerative medicine, particularly in the treatment of neurological disorders. As a result, Human-induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (hiPSCs) have become a significant focus.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to differentiate hiPSCs into neural lineages under in vitro conditions using forskolin and retinoic acid in an induction medium combined with chondroitin 4-sulfate and chondroitinase.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Optimal component concentrations were determined using the MTT assay and acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EB) staining. Subsequently, neural-specific genes (NSE, MAP-2, β-tubulin III, Oligo-2, and GFAP) and proteins (gamma enolase, MAP-2, and β-tubulin III) were assessed using Real-time PCR analysis and immunofluorescence staining to provide a comprehensive evaluation of differentiated cells.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our study demonstrated a significant enhancement in neural-specific gene and protein markers during the 7th and 14th days of differentiation in the presence of combined chondroitin 4-sulfate and chondroitinase, demonstrating a higher efficacy compared with the application of isolated enzymes or substrates.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings emphasize the potential importance of chondroitin 4-sulfate and chondroitinase as important factors in promoting the neural differentiation of hiPSCs. It seems that chondroitin 4-sulfate may activate cellular signaling pathways that are effective in inducing neural differentiation. Our findings in this research provide new opportunities to advance regenerative therapies for neurological disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":93971,"journal":{"name":"Current stem cell research & therapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144478303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in Theranostic Nanomedicine: Integrating Diagnosis and Therapy for Precision Cancer Treatment.","authors":"Ritu Raj Kumar, Sonakshi Antal","doi":"10.2174/011574888X362719250603073728","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/011574888X362719250603073728","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cancer is a predominant cause of mortality globally, with both incidence and mortality rates consistently rising. The integrative nature of cancer, characterised by the coexistence of malignant and normal cells, diminishes the efficacy of single-modality therapies for both early-stage and late-stage tumours. Consequently, multimodal interventions, including surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy, are necessary. Patient heterogeneity and cancer resistance complicate treatment outcomes, requiring personalised therapeutic approaches. Cancer cells operate as astute entities, collaborating with the human body to circumvent treatment, thus necessitating correspondingly intricate therapeutic approaches. Existing medicines are insufficient, rendering cancer a continual struggle for medical professionals and researchers. The progression of nanotechnology has led to the emergence of theranostics, which combines diagnosis and therapy into a unified approach. Nanotheranostic drugs, influenced by external stimuli such as light, magnetic fields, and ultrasound, signify a novel advancement in anti-cancer treatments. Although numerous stimuli-responsive theranostic nanomaterials have demonstrated proof-of-concept, none have progressed to clinical trials. This chapter examines diverse theranostic nanomaterials, emphasising inorganic agents utilised without chemical alterations. It evaluates the efficacy of theranostic agents licensed for preclinical and clinical trials. Chemotheranostics, radiotheranostics, immunotheranostics, and phototheranostics present considerable potential owing to their extensive surface area, customisable attributes, and biocompatibility. Notwithstanding significant progress, difficulties, including particle size, charge, medication stability, and surface changes, remain. Interdisciplinary collaboration among biological, pharmaceutical, materials science, and nanotechnology sectors is crucial for enhancing clinical translation. Tumor-specific theranostic biomaterials offer a targeted methodology, minimising toxicity and improving therapeutic efficacy while accounting for individual patient chracteristics.</p>","PeriodicalId":93971,"journal":{"name":"Current stem cell research & therapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144287564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Therapeutic Potential of PSC-derived Cell Transplantation in Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Preclinical Studies.","authors":"Aliasghar Karimi, Zahra Shiri, Reza Tabrizi, Somayeh Naderi, Sarvenaz Salahi, Mitra Elmi, Hossein Baharvand","doi":"10.2174/011574888X374086250602050549","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/011574888X374086250602050549","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Parkinson's disease (PD) is a chronic progressive neurodegenerative disease with debilitating clinical presentations. Common therapeutic approaches for symptomatic improvement are often effective for a temporary period of time, after which patients often experience progressive disabilities. Cell replacement therapy is a potential therapeutic method that aims to replace depleted mesencephalic dopaminergic (DA) neurons, which may control symptoms and halt disease progression. Preclinical studies have investigated the efficacy of these PSC-derived DA cells in animal models of PD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, we comprehensively examine preclinical data on the therapeutic effect of primate PSC-derived DA progenitors on motor deficits in animal models of PD as a precursor for conducting human clinical trials. Relevant articles published before August 14th, 2023, were obtained from PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Through several rounds of screening, 46 studies that met our inclusion criteria were included in this study. The quality of each study was assessed using CAMARADES and SYRCLE approaches. Although no included studies were judged to have an overall high risk of bias, several studies exhibited domain-specific methodological limitations. The analyzed studies demonstrate that cell therapy significantly improves motor dysfunction in rodent and non-human primate models of PD.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This systematic review and meta-analysis demonstrate that PSC-based cell therapy significantly improves motor dysfunction in rodent and NHP models of PD and could be a promising approach for halting disease progression, improving behavioral manifestations of the disease, and increasing the overall quality of life in PD.</p>","PeriodicalId":93971,"journal":{"name":"Current stem cell research & therapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144287574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insights into Endometriosis Organoids Based on Uterine Tissue Engineering: A Mini-review.","authors":"Zeinan Nurian, Alireza Ebrahimzadeh, Fatemeh Alipour, Hengameh Dortaj","doi":"10.2174/011574888X360426250529055140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/011574888X360426250529055140","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Endometriosis is a chronic condition where tissue similar to the endometrium grows outside the uterus, affecting 5-10% of women and causing pelvic pain, painful periods, and infertility. Diseases of the endometrium, the lining of the uterus, can lead to a variety of reproductive health issues, including infertility, irregular bleeding, and endometrial cancer. Researchers have developed advanced in vitro systems using uterine organoids and decellularized tissue scaffolds to understand and model these diseases. The main limitations of traditional 2D monolayer cultures include reduced biological activity, reduced hormone responsiveness, and lack of interaction with ECM. Researchers have investigated 3D culture approaches to address these shortcomings, such as scaffold-free organoids and decellularized tissue scaffolds. Organoid systems can better recapitulate the cellular heterogeneity and physiological functions of the native endometrium. Decellularization protocols have been optimized to generate intact uterine scaffolds that preserve the structural and compositional features of the ECM. Implantation of these bioscaffolds into animal models demonstrated their biocompatibility and regenerative potential. Further refinements of organoid and scaffold technologies, including chemically defined matrices and organ-on-a-chip platforms, will improve our ability to model the uterus. Integration of these advanced in vitro models with patient-derived cells will enable personalized disease modeling and the development of targeted therapies. The combination of organoids, decellularized scaffolds, and microfluidic technologies holds great potential for exploring reproductive biology, drug screening, and developing regenerative therapies for uterine diseases and infertility.</p>","PeriodicalId":93971,"journal":{"name":"Current stem cell research & therapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144259696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EGFL6 Promotes Angiogenesis and Odontogenesis in Pulp Regeneration via MAPK Signaling Pathways.","authors":"Xiaocui Lu, Yuan Liu, Lin Dai, Bo Cheng, Yanyun Li","doi":"10.2174/011574888X362657250528171158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/011574888X362657250528171158","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Epidermal growth factor-like domain-containing protein 6 (EGFL6) is a member of the epidermal growth factor superfamily. It has been reported that it can enhance the osteogenic differentiation potential of stem cells and stimulate angiogenesis. However, its effects on the regulation of odontogenic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) have not been studied. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the role of EGFL6 in pulp regeneration and its underlying mechanism.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The cytotoxicity and migration-inductive ability of EGFL6 were evaluated using cell counting kit-8 assay and transwell assay, respectively. A tube formation assay was performed to assess the angiogenic effect of EGFL6. The alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and alizarin red S staining were conducted for mineralization evaluation. The odontoblastic-related and angiogenesis-related markers were measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis. Western blot was also conducted to further examine the levels of key factors involved in MAPK signaling pathways.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>EGFL6 displayed no cytotoxicity and was capable of promoting cell migration and angiogenesis. Besides, EGFL6 enhanced the mineralization process and up-regulated the expression levels of odontoblastic-related markers (DSPP, DMP1, and BSP) after 5, 7, and 10 days. The expression levels of odontoblastic-related and angiogenesis-related proteins (DSPP, DMP1, VEGF, and ALP) could all be up-regulated by EGFL6. There was also an increase in the phosphorylation levels of ERK1/2 and P38.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>EGFL6 can promote the migration, angiogenesis, and odontogenesis differentiation of DPSCs via the activation of MAPK signaling pathways.</p>","PeriodicalId":93971,"journal":{"name":"Current stem cell research & therapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144228044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regenerative Therapy for Deep Burn Injury using Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Myrtle (Myrtus Communis) in a Rat Model.","authors":"Hafiza Rabia Sarwar, Tahir Maqbool, Shabana Akhtar, Awais Altaf, Ahmed Bilal Waqar, Muhammad Saad Majeed, Mariam Iftikhar, Memoona Zahra, Muhammad Atif, Faheem Hadi","doi":"10.2174/011574888X351632250529121312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/011574888X351632250529121312","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Burn injuries pose a significant health challenge, leading to intense physiological stress compared to other types of trauma. Myrtle has been traditionally used for treating various skin ailments, while mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have introduced innovative approaches for burn treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of myrtle compared to MSCs on the healing of deep second-degree burns.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fifty adult male albino rats were randomly divided into five groups: Group A served as the control, Group B received an excision burn without treatment, Group C was treated with topical myrtle paste, Group D received an intradermal injection of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and Group E received both topical myrtle paste and intradermal MSC injection. Burn healing was assessed based on visible characteristics over 21 days. At the end of the treatment, skin samples were collected for biochemical analysis, histological examination using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, and VEGF concentration measurement via ELISA. Additionally, PCR analysis was conducted to assess the expression levels of COL1a1, COL3a1, TNF-α, and IL-6, providing insights into collagen production and inflammatory response.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Gross evaluation and histopathological analysis indicated that Groups D and E exhibited complete skin regeneration compared to the burn group. VEGF analysis demonstrated enhanced angiogenesis in the treated groups. PCR analysis revealed upregulation of COL1a1 and COL3a1, along with downregulation of TNF-α and IL-6, suggesting reduced inflammation and improved skin healing.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study demonstrated that both MSCs and myrtle contributed to significant burn healing. The combination of myrtle and MSCs (Group E) exhibited the most effective skin regeneration, likely due to enhanced collagen production, reduced inflammation, and improved angiogenesis. These findings suggest that combining traditional herbal treatments with stem cell therapy may offer a promising strategy for burn management.</p>","PeriodicalId":93971,"journal":{"name":"Current stem cell research & therapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144228045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}