Current stem cell research & therapy最新文献

{"title":"Unveiling the Healing Potential of Stem Cells: The Promising Role of Secretome Therapy in the Treatment of Pulmonary Degenerative Disorders-A Comprehensive Systematic Review.","authors":"Hanane Noroozi, Reza Pakzad","doi":"10.2174/011574888X373765250710105821","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/011574888X373765250710105821","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>Stem cell-based therapy has emerged as a promising avenue for treating pulmonary degenerative disorders due to its remarkable capacity for self-renewal and differentiation into various cell types. However, concerns regarding undesired differentiation and tumorigenicity have raised questions about the safety and efficacy of cell-based therapy. The aim of the present systematic review study was to determine the therapeutic effectiveness of stem cell secretome in mitigating three pulmonary degenerative diseases, including Acute Lung Injury (ALI), Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF), and Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia (BPD).</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A comprehensive search was carried out on international databases, including MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, and Embase, using related keywords according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA-2020) guidelines.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 1541 retrieved studies, 136 articles were included in the present systematic review. The therapeutic effects of stem cells are primarily attributed to their paracrine secretions, specifically bioactive molecules known as the secretome, which includes exosomes and extracellular vesicles. Secretome-based therapy shows great promise in maximizing the healing potential of stem cells. However, several challenges and limitations hinder its widespread application, including scalability issues, delivery challenges, difficulty in controlling dosage, and the lack of standardized production protocols. As it is a novel therapeutic approach, its complex composition, mechanism of action, and variability in responses from the body, as well as long-term safety, remain unknown and pose challenges that necessitate further investigation and well-designed clinical trials.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The secretome exerts its protective and therapeutic effects by regulating various processes, including inflammation, oxidative stress, cell apoptosis, macrophage polarization, growth factor signaling pathways, immune cell activation, TGF-β signaling pathways, angiogenesis, structural attenuation, fibrosis resolution, pulmonary functional improvement, and alveolarization.</p>","PeriodicalId":93971,"journal":{"name":"Current stem cell research & therapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144692814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chrysin and Bone Marrow-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Restrain Complete Freund's Adjuvant-induced Arthritis in Wistar Rats via Subsiding Inflammation and Oxidative Stress.","authors":"Nermin A Mohamed, Khalid M Mazher, Hesham M Sayed, Mohamed A Abdelaziz, Mohamed A Samhan, Fatma El-Zahraa S Abdel Rahman, Emad A Mahdi, Fatma Mohamed Halfaya, Osama M Ahmed","doi":"10.2174/011574888X367150250701071144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/011574888X367150250701071144","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an inflammatory disease that causes significant disability and persistent inflammation. Currently, there are no appropriate treatments for RA other than systemic immunosuppressants, which have a variety of undesirable effects after long-term use. Thus, this study aims to determine the anti-arthritis effect of chrysin (5,7-dihydroxyflavone) and/or bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs), separately and combined, on CFA (complete Freund's adjuvant)-induced arthritis in rats as an animal model of RA.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Male Wistar rats were injected with 100 μL of CFA/rat/day in the paw of the right hind limb for two consecutive days to induce RA. Arthritic rats received chrysin in an oral dose of 100 mg/kg bw each day, BM-MSCs at 1 × 106 cells/rat once per week in complete culture medium into the lateral tail vein, and a combination for 21 days.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The oral administration of chrysin and intravenous injection of BM-MSCs significantly reduced the increased anteroposterior thickness, volume, and circumference of the right hind paw, as well as serum levels of RF, IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-17, as well as serum MDA level, besides augmenting serum levels of GPx, GST, GSH, and SOD. The arthritic rats treated with chrysin and/or BMMSCs exhibited a significant improvement in the elevated expression levels of IκBα, NF-κB p50, and NF-κB p65 proteins in ankle joint articular tissue. Similarly, the histopathological score and histological sections provided additional evidence of the improvement in arthritic lesions.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The treatment with chrysin and BM-MSCs has potential anti-arthritic effects, which may be attributed to their abilities to suppress the inflammation and oxidative stress and enhance the antioxidant defense system. The combinatory effect of chrysin and BM-MSCs was found to be the most effective. However, further clinical studies are required to assess their safety and efficacy in patients with arthritis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Due to their strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, the combined administration of chrysin and BM-MSCs was found to be more effective in treating arthritis than either treatment alone in Wistar rats.</p>","PeriodicalId":93971,"journal":{"name":"Current stem cell research & therapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144651642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"hUCB-MSCs Secreted Exosomal miR-21-5p Promotes Vascular Endothelial Tip Cell Proliferation and Migration by Downregulating TGF-β1.","authors":"Lingjuan Du, Guojian Li, Jia Wan, Guokai Yang, Zhenhuan Ma, Zhaoxiang Li, Lijuan Hou","doi":"10.2174/011574888X365920250707101813","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/011574888X365920250707101813","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Therapeutic angiogenesis is a new potential strategy for treating Peripheral Arterial disease (PAD). Human Umbilical Cord Blood Mesenchymal Stem Cells (hUCB-MSCs) and their secreted exosomes can effectively promote the formation of new blood vessels, making them important targets for research on therapeutic angiogenesis.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study investigated the impact of hUCB-MSCs and their derived exosomes on the proliferation and migration of vascular endothelial tip cells.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The cultivation and identification of endothelial tip cells, hUCB-MSCs, and exosomes were conducted, followed by co-culturing hUCB-MSCs with tip cells and incubating exosomes with tip cells. qPCR was utilized to assess the expression levels of microRNAs in exosomes, as well as the expression levels of cell proliferation-related markers, miR-21-5p, and TGF-β1 in tip cells. Western blotting was used to analyze the levels of key factors associated with cell proliferation and apoptosis. Furthermore, CCK-8 assay, EdU staining, Transwell assay, and flow cytometry were utilized to evaluate cell viability, proliferation, migration, and apoptosis, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>hUCB-MSCs/exosomes significantly enhanced tip cell proliferation and migration, while inhibiting apoptosis, with exosomes demonstrating superior efficacy. miR-21-5p, found within exosomes, was identified as a key factor downregulating TGF-β1 within tip cells. Furthermore, heightened levels of miR-21-5p were observed to enhance the proliferation and migration of tip cells while simultaneously inhibiting apoptosis. Notably, the impact of miR-21-5p was counteracted upon exposure to TGF-β1.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>hUCB-MSC-derived exosomes, enriched with miR-21-5p, enhance endothelial tip cell function through targeted TGF-β1 suppression, offering a viable avenue for clinical interventions in PAD treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":93971,"journal":{"name":"Current stem cell research & therapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144651643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of Artificial Intelligence in Stem Cells and Gene Therapy for Gynecological Cancers.","authors":"Shiva Gholizadeh-Ghaleh Aziz, Sakineh Aghazadeh, Anosha Malik, Amir Javed, Sania Shaheen, Laiba Naseem, Younas Sohail, Aliasghar Tabatabaei Mohammadi, Muhammad Farrukh Nisar","doi":"10.2174/011574888X374002250707044343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/011574888X374002250707044343","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The application of artificial intelligence (AI) in stem cell and gene therapy offers significant advancements in the treatment of gynecological cancers, including breast, ovarian, and cervical cancers. This review explores how machine learning (ML) enhances both diagnostic and therapeutic strategies in regenerative medicine. AI integration allows for more accurate disease progression predictions, identification of therapeutic targets, and optimization of personalized treatment plans. Additionally, AI improves the efficacy and safety of stem cell and gene therapy approaches by facilitating the identification of biomarkers and genetic variations, enabling tailored therapies for individual patients. The use of AI-supported analytics in combined treatment strategies presents new avenues for effective cancer management. Furthermore, AI-driven regenerative medicine optimizes stem cell functions, refines treatment protocols, and contributes to the identification of less frequent biomarkers, improving prognostic algorithms and therapy outcomes. As ML targets specific molecular changes in cancer cells, they enhance the precision of gene silencing and anti-aging interventions, offering new possibilities for combined therapies. These innovations position AI as a transformative tool in the development of personalized and effective treatments for women's cancers, with future studies likely to expand the scope and impact of AI-driven strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":93971,"journal":{"name":"Current stem cell research & therapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144651641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mesenchymal Stem Cell-derived Exosomes in the Treatment of Skin and Subcutaneous Tissue Diseases: A Review.","authors":"Aidar Dairov, Assel Issabekova, Vyacheslav Ogay","doi":"10.2174/011574888X393159250704132425","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/011574888X393159250704132425","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Skin and subcutaneous tissue diseases (SSTDs) are a leading cause of nonfatal disability worldwide, particularly in resource-poor regions, affecting over one-third of the world's population. Current treatments for SSTDs include topical and oral medications, as well as mechanotherapy; however, these approaches have several significant limitations, including insufficient efficacy, side effects, and high costs. In this regard, particular interest is directed to mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (MSC-Exo), the therapeutic properties of which have been actively studied worldwide in recent years. Our aim was to review clinical trials, published clinical studies, and case reports on MSC-Exo-based cell-free therapy for SSTDs, summarizing both its opportunities and challenges for clinical translation. A literature search for clinical studies and case reports of the application of MSCExo in the treatment of SSTDs was conducted using PubMed, Google Scholar databases, and ClinicalTrials. gov. The analysis revealed that MSC-Exo are utilized in treating diverse SSTDs, including: alopecia and hair thinning, psoriasis, facial redness in patients with atopic dermatitis, sensitive skin, melasma, skin wounds, ulcers and burns, skin aging, hyperpigmentation, scars, and dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa. Ongoing clinical trials and preliminary published clinical studies and case reports demonstrate that MSC-Exo are safe and effective cell-free therapeutic agents, highlighting their potential as a novel treatment for SSTDs.</p>","PeriodicalId":93971,"journal":{"name":"Current stem cell research & therapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144639017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research Progress on Pancreatic Islet Organoids.","authors":"Meng-Tian Tan, Gui-Ying Li, Na Shen, Xu-Dong Wang, Xin-Cheng Du, Li Zhang, Hai-Jun Zhang","doi":"10.2174/011574888X383245250617052324","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/011574888X383245250617052324","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a condition that arises from the dysfunction or disruption of pancreatic islets, characterized by elevated blood glucose levels. The advent and development of islet organoids have facilitated insulin-independent treatments and the reproduction of complex tissue or organ development.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This review focuses on the potential and value of islet organoids in both basic research and clinical applications, particularly in addressing the limitations of current diabetes treatments. We further discuss the structural characteristics of islets and explore various methods for obtaining seed cells, constructing organoids, and identifying factors that influence the formation and development of islet organoids.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The online databases, including Pubmed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, Web of Science, Embase, and reference lists were searched using the keywords diabetes mellitus, islet organoids, beta cells, material, development, three-dimensional, extracellular matrix, biomechanical, to identify published articles relevant to pancreatic islet organoids.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We examine the structural characteristics of islets and investigate various methods for obtaining seed cells, constructing organoids, and identifying factors that influence the formation and maturation of islet organoids.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>To achieve a cure for diabetes, researchers have made significant efforts in islet transplantation and cell-derived insulin-secreting devices. However, organoids still require substantial improvements in cell sources, assembly techniques, and vascularization.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Islet organoids derived from stem cells may enable them to achieve insulin-independent regulation of blood glucose levels, thereby offering new hope for the individuals with diabetes.</p>","PeriodicalId":93971,"journal":{"name":"Current stem cell research & therapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144546626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Influence of Renal Stem/Progenitor Cells in Kidney Diseases.","authors":"Fabio Sallustio","doi":"10.2174/011574888X393000250617102301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/011574888X393000250617102301","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93971,"journal":{"name":"Current stem cell research & therapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144546627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes in the Treatment of End-Stage Liver Disease.","authors":"Fa-Da Wang, En-Qiang Chen","doi":"10.2174/011574888X371122250613125926","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/011574888X371122250613125926","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>End-stage liver disease (ESLD) poses a significant threat to human health due to its high mortality rate. Although liver transplantation represents the most effective treatment modality, its application is limited by donor scarcity and prohibitive costs, thereby necessitating the development of innovative and efficacious therapeutic strategies. Within the realm of regenerative medicine, stem cell therapy has emerged as a promising alternative for ESLD treatment, with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) being at the forefront due to their exceptional multifunctional differentiation and self-renewal capabilities. Nonetheless, safety concerns, including the potential risk of tumorigenesis associated with MSCs, remain inadequately addressed. Recent evidence indicates that the therapeutic effects of MSCs are primarily mediated through paracrine mechanisms, with MSC-derived exosomes (MSC-Exos) serving as the principal effector mediators. The utilization of exosomes alone for therapeutic purposes not only preserves the beneficial effects of MSCs but also mitigates risks such as tumorigenic potential. Over the past few years, MSC-Exos have demonstrated significant ad-vancements across various medical disciplines, including cardiology, neurology, and gastroenterology. This review outlines the key mechanisms and recent progress in utilizing MSC-Exos in treating end-stage liver disease, seeking to highlight their unique therapeu- tic role.</p>","PeriodicalId":93971,"journal":{"name":"Current stem cell research & therapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144510011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Innovative Approaches to Neural Differentiation: Chondroitin 4-Sulfate and Chondroitinase Induce Differentiation in Human-induced Pluripotent Stem Cells.","authors":"Mohsen Ghiasi, Mohammad-Taher Moradi, Raheleh Halabian, Marzieh Ghollasi, Abdolreza Dayani","doi":"10.2174/011574888X365326250610113501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/011574888X365326250610113501","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Stem cells have recently gained prominence in regenerative medicine, particularly in the treatment of neurological disorders. As a result, Human-induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (hiPSCs) have become a significant focus.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to differentiate hiPSCs into neural lineages under in vitro conditions using forskolin and retinoic acid in an induction medium combined with chondroitin 4-sulfate and chondroitinase.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Optimal component concentrations were determined using the MTT assay and acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EB) staining. Subsequently, neural-specific genes (NSE, MAP-2, β-tubulin III, Oligo-2, and GFAP) and proteins (gamma enolase, MAP-2, and β-tubulin III) were assessed using Real-time PCR analysis and immunofluorescence staining to provide a comprehensive evaluation of differentiated cells.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our study demonstrated a significant enhancement in neural-specific gene and protein markers during the 7th and 14th days of differentiation in the presence of combined chondroitin 4-sulfate and chondroitinase, demonstrating a higher efficacy compared with the application of isolated enzymes or substrates.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings emphasize the potential importance of chondroitin 4-sulfate and chondroitinase as important factors in promoting the neural differentiation of hiPSCs. It seems that chondroitin 4-sulfate may activate cellular signaling pathways that are effective in inducing neural differentiation. Our findings in this research provide new opportunities to advance regenerative therapies for neurological disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":93971,"journal":{"name":"Current stem cell research & therapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144478303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in Theranostic Nanomedicine: Integrating Diagnosis and Therapy for Precision Cancer Treatment.","authors":"Ritu Raj Kumar, Sonakshi Antal","doi":"10.2174/011574888X362719250603073728","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/011574888X362719250603073728","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cancer is a predominant cause of mortality globally, with both incidence and mortality rates consistently rising. The integrative nature of cancer, characterised by the coexistence of malignant and normal cells, diminishes the efficacy of single-modality therapies for both early-stage and late-stage tumours. Consequently, multimodal interventions, including surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy, are necessary. Patient heterogeneity and cancer resistance complicate treatment outcomes, requiring personalised therapeutic approaches. Cancer cells operate as astute entities, collaborating with the human body to circumvent treatment, thus necessitating correspondingly intricate therapeutic approaches. Existing medicines are insufficient, rendering cancer a continual struggle for medical professionals and researchers. The progression of nanotechnology has led to the emergence of theranostics, which combines diagnosis and therapy into a unified approach. Nanotheranostic drugs, influenced by external stimuli such as light, magnetic fields, and ultrasound, signify a novel advancement in anti-cancer treatments. Although numerous stimuli-responsive theranostic nanomaterials have demonstrated proof-of-concept, none have progressed to clinical trials. This chapter examines diverse theranostic nanomaterials, emphasising inorganic agents utilised without chemical alterations. It evaluates the efficacy of theranostic agents licensed for preclinical and clinical trials. Chemotheranostics, radiotheranostics, immunotheranostics, and phototheranostics present considerable potential owing to their extensive surface area, customisable attributes, and biocompatibility. Notwithstanding significant progress, difficulties, including particle size, charge, medication stability, and surface changes, remain. Interdisciplinary collaboration among biological, pharmaceutical, materials science, and nanotechnology sectors is crucial for enhancing clinical translation. Tumor-specific theranostic biomaterials offer a targeted methodology, minimising toxicity and improving therapeutic efficacy while accounting for individual patient chracteristics.</p>","PeriodicalId":93971,"journal":{"name":"Current stem cell research & therapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144287564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}