Current opinion in toxicology最新文献_第2页

Cannabis hyperemesis syndrome: Pharmacological and toxicological perspectives 大麻呕吐综合征：药理学和毒理学观点

IF 4.6

Current opinion in toxicology Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.cotox.2026.100572

Payten M. Romero , Kennon J. Heard , Nicholas R. Oblizajek , Abdul Qadeer , Robert W. Kirchoff , Maxwell C.K. Leung

引用次数: 0

Effects of cannabis and psychedelic use on cognitive, psychomotor, and driving performance: A review of recent literature 大麻和致幻剂使用对认知、精神运动和驾驶性能的影响：近期文献综述

IF 4.6

Current opinion in toxicology Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.cotox.2026.100574

Alexa Camarena-Michel , John Rague

{"title":"Effects of cannabis and psychedelic use on cognitive, psychomotor, and driving performance: A review of recent literature","authors":"Alexa Camarena-Michel , John Rague","doi":"10.1016/j.cotox.2026.100574","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cotox.2026.100574","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Use of cannabis and psychedelics is growing in popularity, increasing the likelihood of individuals driving under the influence. Research on psychoactive substances such as cannabis and psychedelics continues to expand, with many researchers assessing cognitive and psychomotor effects that may impact driving behaviors, while others directly measure driving-related impairments. This paper primarily reviews new studies from 2023 to mid-2025 that measure impairment after cannabis and psychedelic use, with a specific focus on studies that assess driving-related impairments. Review of the selected literature demonstrates that recent cannabis use results in different types of impairment in frequent versus infrequent cannabis users. Driving impairment studies reveal that concomitant alcohol and cannabis use likely results in additive decrements in driving performance compared to deficits seen with singular use of cannabis or alcohol. Researchers have also reported that combined THC/CBD products do not produce different levels of driving impairment compared to THC alone. One meta-analysis concluded that blood THC concentrations do not reliably predict driving impairment. Another meta-analysis reported that low certainty evidence suggests cannabis use may increase motor vehicle collision (MVC) fatalities and related injuries. Recent investigations suggest cognitive impairments associated with classical and atypical psychedelics appear to be dose-dependent. However, a systematic review of microdosing of LSD and psilocybin demonstrated inconclusive findings of cognitive impairment, suggesting a dose threshold for impairment. It is unknown how these findings translate into psychedelic impaired driving as no studies during the review period specifically evaluated impairment in driving after psychedelic use. The extant literature would benefit from dedicated investigations into psychedelic use and driving impairment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93968,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in toxicology","volume":"45 ","pages":"Article 100574"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147421357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Identification of reference values intended to be protective of human health for potential contaminants in hemp plant material and hemp-based products: Part II. Pesticides and solvents 大麻植物材料和基于大麻的产品中潜在污染物保护人类健康的参考值的鉴定：第2部分。农药和溶剂

IF 4.6

Current opinion in toxicology Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.cotox.2025.100555

Marissa L. Smith , Autumn J. Bernal , Roxana E. Weil , Willie J. McKinney , Julia Hoeng

{"title":"Identification of reference values intended to be protective of human health for potential contaminants in hemp plant material and hemp-based products: Part II. Pesticides and solvents","authors":"Marissa L. Smith , Autumn J. Bernal , Roxana E. Weil , Willie J. McKinney , Julia Hoeng","doi":"10.1016/j.cotox.2025.100555","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cotox.2025.100555","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cannabis use is rising globally in consumer and medicinal products that are ingested, inhaled, or applied topically. Due to cultivation and manufacturing processes, cannabis plant materials and plant-based products may contain detectable levels of pesticides and residual solvents of human health concern. A review of regulations and identification of toxicological reference values for these compounds on cannabis is necessary to protect public health and guide manufacturers in regions lacking contaminant regulations.</div><div>This review evaluated international and U.S. state regulations and guidance for impurities in cannabis plant material and final consumer products to identify toxicological reference values for common contaminants. A three-step process was used to identify reference values protective of public health for pesticide and residual solvent contaminants. First, a literature review of contaminants in cannabis and cannabis-based products was conducted, followed by a review of international and U.S. state contaminant regulations. A tiered approach was developed to assess the reliability and relevance of each data source, selecting reference values from Tier 1 and Tier 2 sources. The most conservative values were recommended to best protect human health.</div><div>While some regions have developed regulations for evaluating contaminants in cannabis products, these vary widely, and significant gaps remain across the industry. In regions without regulations, these discrepancies make it difficult for manufacturers aiming to protect human health to determine which guidance and reference values to follow.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93968,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in toxicology","volume":"45 ","pages":"Article 100555"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145884024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Issues around the deterministic reference dose for lead and human safety concerns regarding its continued utilization 关于铅的确定参考剂量的问题以及继续使用铅的人体安全问题

IF 4.6

Current opinion in toxicology Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.cotox.2025.100549

Wells Utembe

{"title":"Issues around the deterministic reference dose for lead and human safety concerns regarding its continued utilization","authors":"Wells Utembe","doi":"10.1016/j.cotox.2025.100549","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cotox.2025.100549","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lead (Pb) continues to be a contaminant of public health concern throughout the world. This narrative review identified electronic papers on the risk assessment of Pb to assess the impact of the lack of a reference dose (RfD) for Pb on the methods and approaches of its risk assessment. Although the World Health Organization (WHO) withdrew the provisional tolerable weekly intake (PTWI) and the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) desisted from issuing an RfD for Pb, the use of these parameters has continued to be prevalent in the literature. This is worrisome and concerning as these parameters are not sufficiently protective, have no scientific basis, and may lead to misleading conclusions and recommendations. On the other hand, using a predetermined risk level, benchmark dose (BMD), and probabilistic approaches offer viable alternatives to the risk assessment of Pb. Remarkably, the use of a probabilistic RfD and the use of a deterministic RfD along with probabilistic exposure data can be observed in the literature, with the latter failing to address the risk assessment challenges that arise from lead's lack of no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL). Biokinetic models are also often used to convert environmental Pb to blood lead, with appropriate actions taken to reduce exposure at the WHO-recommended blood Pb concentration of ≥5 ug/dl (observed or predicted).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93968,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in toxicology","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article 100549"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145271092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

IUTOX 2023: Addressing complex toxicological endpoints with new approach methodologies IUTOX 2023：用新的方法方法解决复杂的毒理学终点

IF 4.6

Current opinion in toxicology Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.cotox.2025.100550

Emanuela Corsini, Heather Wallace

引用次数: 0

Medicinal cannabinoid use and the risk of developing psychoses and suicidality 药用大麻素的使用与患精神病和自杀的风险

IF 4.6

Current opinion in toxicology Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cotox.2025.100551

João Pedro Silva , Félix Carvalho

引用次数: 0

“More toxic than thought!” “毒性比想象的还要大！”

IF 4.6

Current opinion in toxicology Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.cotox.2025.100542

R. Fotler, D.R. Dietrich

{"title":"“More toxic than thought!”","authors":"R. Fotler, D.R. Dietrich","doi":"10.1016/j.cotox.2025.100542","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cotox.2025.100542","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Climate change enhances the formation and duration of toxin producing cyanobacterial blooms. Although toxins, e.g. Microcystins (MC), and their maximum levels in drinking water (1μg MC-LR<sub>equiv.</sub>/Liter) and foodstuffs are regulated and controlled, the basis for this regulation is questionable. Nearly all governmental regulations rely on WHO guidance values (GV) that were derived from an <em>in vivo</em> mouse study using a single MC congener (MC-LR). However cellular uptake (and thus toxicity) is governed by organic anion transporting polypeptides (OATPs), whereby rodents and humans differ drastically with regard to the expression and transport affinity and capacity of OATPs, and thus mice appear less susceptible to MC. Accordingly, the current questionable GVs provided by WHO must be replaced <em>ad interim</em> with a Toxicity Equivalence Factor (TEF) approach, whereby as a consequence current GVs need to be lowered by at least a factor 22 as shown here. The latter would result in a GV for drinking water of 0.045μg MC-LR<sub>equiv.</sub>/Liter to ensure safety of humans. As not all MC congeners can be tested, a new assessment approach using modern toxicology methods e.g. <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in silico</em> tools including artificial intelligence approaches must be undertaken to better characterize risks from exposure to toxic.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93968,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in toxicology","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100542"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144654510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Assessment of immunotoxicity in the 21st century: Where we are and what we need to replace animals 21世纪免疫毒性评估：我们在哪里以及我们需要什么来取代动物

IF 4.6

Current opinion in toxicology Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.cotox.2025.100529

Victor J. Johnson , Dori R. Germolec , Michael I. Luster , Emanuela Corsini

{"title":"Assessment of immunotoxicity in the 21st century: Where we are and what we need to replace animals","authors":"Victor J. Johnson , Dori R. Germolec , Michael I. Luster , Emanuela Corsini","doi":"10.1016/j.cotox.2025.100529","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cotox.2025.100529","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The field of immunotoxicity assessment has traditionally relied on animal models, which have raised ethical concerns and presented limitations in terms of predictive accuracy and relevance to human health. This paper reviews the current state of immunotoxicity evaluation, emphasizing the importance of transitioning away from animal testing. Modern approaches, including in vitro methods, human-based studies, adverse outcome pathways (AOPs), and computational modeling, are discussed as viable alternatives. These non-animal methods offer enhanced predictive power and the potential for regulatory acceptance, though technical and practical challenges remain. Case studies demonstrate the success of non-animal methods, such as AOP-based assessments for skin sensitization and the pyrogen assay using whole blood cytokine assays. Despite these advances, further research is needed in areas like respiratory sensitization, developmental immunotoxicology (DIT), and microphysiological systems (MPS). Recommendations are provided to accelerate the adoption of new approach methodologies (NAMs), focusing on AOP frameworks. In conclusion, the paper highlights the key findings from current non-animal immunotoxicity research and issues a call to action for advancing these methods to improve safety assessment practices in the 21st century.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93968,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in toxicology","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100529"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144154589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Factors influencing chemical relative potency in mixture toxicity risk assessment 影响混合物毒性风险评价中化学相对效力的因素

IF 4.6

Current opinion in toxicology Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.cotox.2025.100541

Frances Widjaja-van den Ende

引用次数: 0

The European Partnership PARC’s role in actively promoting the uptake of new approach methodologies and next-generation risk assessment into regulatory risk assessment practice 欧洲伙伴关系PARC在积极推动新方法方法和下一代风险评估纳入监管风险评估实践中的作用

IF 4.6

Current opinion in toxicology Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.cotox.2025.100517

Matthias Herzler , Mirjam Luijten , Philip Marx-Stoelting , Gilles Rivière

{"title":"The European Partnership PARC’s role in actively promoting the uptake of new approach methodologies and next-generation risk assessment into regulatory risk assessment practice","authors":"Matthias Herzler , Mirjam Luijten , Philip Marx-Stoelting , Gilles Rivière","doi":"10.1016/j.cotox.2025.100517","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cotox.2025.100517","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Existing approaches for human health risk assessment of chemicals have overall provided a high level of protection for EU citizens. However, the established assessment schemes face numerous challenges. Ethical and scientific concerns about using animals for safety testing have triggered awareness of the need for a paradigm shift, requiring new concepts for chemical risk assessment complementing and, in the long run, replacing existing schemes. Next-Generation Risk Assessment (NGRA) using new approach methodologies (NAMs) is commonly regarded as the way forward. However, adequately meeting regulatory needs is challenging. The European Partnership for the Assessment of Risks from Chemicals (PARC) supports the development of NGRA frameworks and their implementation at all levels, from developing adverse outcome pathways (AOPs), NAMs and integrated approaches to testing and assessments (IATAs), to designing new conceptual approaches and formulating strategic roadmaps. A particular strength of PARC is its focus on interaction and collaboration with stakeholders from all sectors of the chemical risk assessment community to promote cooperation, advance research, increase knowledge of chemical risk assessment and train methodological skills. Its results will help launch European and national strategies to reduce risks posed by hazardous chemicals, to reduce animal testing and to implement NGRA strategies in regulatory practice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93968,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in toxicology","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 100517"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143508661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0