Cardiovascular & hematological agents in medicinal chemistry最新文献

{"title":"Novel Compounds in Targeting the α1-adrenoceptor for Antihypertensive Therapy.","authors":"Sunil Sahu, Pankaj Minj, Dhansay Dewangan, Swarnlata Saraf, Rakesh Tirkey","doi":"10.2174/0118715257395367250920224239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0118715257395367250920224239","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hypertension, a prevalent cardiovascular condition, increases the risk of strokes and myocardial infarctions by inducing elevated blood pressure. Its prevalence has risen, particularly in low- and middle-income nations. The incidence of hypertension in adults is higher in low- and middle-income countries compared to high-income nations. One significant class of antihypertensive drugs is α1-adrenoceptor antagonists, which inhibit α1-adrenergic receptors and promote vasodilation. Terazosin, doxazosin, tamsulosin, and alfuzosin are examples of α1-adrenoceptor antagonists that have antihypertensive properties; however, they are linked to considerable side effects, including headaches, dizziness, reproductive problems, and postural hypotension. In the last several years, a number of novel α1-adrenergic antagonists have been synthesised by modifications of various pharmacophores such as Isochroman-4-one, Quinazolines, Piperazine, and Quinazoline-triazole, etc. The present review highlights recently synthesized α1-adrenoceptor antagonists for the management of hypertension, and emphasizes their structure-activity relationship and subtype selectivity.</p>","PeriodicalId":93924,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular & hematological agents in medicinal chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145234515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Predictive Value of Monocyte-to-HDL Cholesterol Ratio in Patients with Dilated Cardiomyopathy and Associated Pulmonary Hypertension.","authors":"Fengfeng Deng, Jianqi Sun, Lixia Liu, Mingfa Zhang, Xin Wang, Chenting Zhan, Cunxin Qiu, Jianping Hu, Leiming Xia","doi":"10.2174/0118715257294388250326034612","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0118715257294388250326034612","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pulmonary Hypertension (PH) is a significant contributor to cardiac mortality in Dilated Cardiomyopathy (DCM) patients. Inflammatory processes and oxidative stress play pivotal roles in the advancement of Pulmonary Hypertension (PH). The Monocyte-to-High-- Density-Lipoprotein Cholesterol Ratio (MHR), a newly identified biomarker indicative of inflammatory and oxidative stress, has not been extensively researched in the context of pulmonary hypertension, especially within the scope of dilated cardiomyopathy.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Given the reason mentioned above, our research explores the correlation between the MHR and the severity of PH in patients suffering from DCM.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, we conducted a retrospective review of medical data from 107 individuals diagnosed with non-ischemic DCM, evaluating their clinical profiles, biochemical indicators, MHR, and echocardiographic parameters. We analyzed the relationships between Pulmonary Arterial Systolic Pressure (PASP) and the Ejection Fraction of the Left Ventricle (LVEF). Utilizing logistic regression analysis, we determined the predictors of PH.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Findings indicated that the DCM-PH group exhibited a significantly larger male population and elevated New York Heart Association (NYHA) classification scores (both with p-values <0.001 and 0.01, respectively) compared to the DCM-only group. A positive association was observed between the PASP and parameters, such as the Dimensions of the Left Atrium (LAD) and Left Ventricle in Systole (LVDs), Monocyte (M) levels, Direct Bilirubin (DB), and MHR. Conversely, an inverse relationship was noted with serum lipid profiles, including Total Cholesterol (TC), HDL Cholesterol (HDL-c), and apolipoprotein A1. LVEF demonstrated positive linkage with the same lipid profiles and the Left Ventricular Posterior Wall Thickness (LVPWT) yet showed negative correlations with the NYHA classification, Red Blood Cell Distribution Width Standard Deviation (RDW-SD), Total Bilirubin (TB), Direct Bilirubin (DB), and dimensions of the left ventricle in diastole and systole, as well as MHR. Through logistic regression analysis, several factors were recognized as significant predictors for the severity of PH within the DCM cohort, with weight (OR1.20, CI 1.022-1.409, p=0.026), RDW-SD (OR1.988, CI 1.015-3.895, p=0.045), LVPW (OR3.577, CI 1.307-9.792, p=0.013), LVDd (OR1.333, CI 1.058-1.680, p=0.015), MHR (OR3.575, CI 1.502-8.506, p=0.032), and TB (OR1.416, CI 1.014-1.979, p=0.041) showing positive associations, while apoB (OR0.001 CI0.001-0.824, p=0.045) exhibiting negative associations, all with p-values <0.05.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Higher MHR and LVD correlate with increased PASP and reduced LVEF in DCMPH patients. MHR and LVPW are independent predictors of PH severity, indicating their potential as novel severity markers in DCM-related PH.</p>","PeriodicalId":93924,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular & hematological agents in medicinal chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145016958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Antioxidant and Anti-lipidemic Potential of Angiotensin-converting Enzyme Inhibitor (Ramipril) in L-NAME Hypertensive Rats.","authors":"Esther Oluwasola Aluko, Ezekiel Etim Ben, Grace Edet Bassey","doi":"10.2174/0118715257375839250811064453","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0118715257375839250811064453","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Hypertension is associated with oxidative disturbances and often coexists with metabolic disorders like hyperlipidemia. Some antihypertensive drugs, particularly angiotensin- converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, offer benefits beyond lowering blood pressure by addressing related conditions. This study aimed to investigate the effects of ACE inhibitors on oxidative stress and dyslipidemia induced by L-NAME hypertension in rats.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fifteen male Wistar rats (150-170 g) were divided into three groups. Group 1 received 10 mL/kg distilled water (control), while Groups 2 and 3 were orally administered 60 mg/kg of L-NAME (L-NAME60) for eight weeks to induce hypertension. After this period, Group 2 continued to receive L-NAME60 plus distilled water (HYP), and Group 3 received L-NAME60 plus ramipril (10 mg/kg) (RMHYP) for an additional five weeks. Blood pressure was measured using the tail-cuff method. Serum oxidative stress markers and lipid profiles were analyzed by spectrophotometry.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The blood pressure significantly decreased in RMHYP compared to HYP. Malondialdehyde concentration significantly decreased, and antioxidant enzyme levels significantly increased in RMHYP compared to HYP. Serum lipid profiles showed a significant decrease in total cholesterol and triglycerides, as well as atherogenic indices, but a significant increase in highdensity lipoprotein cholesterol levels in RMHYP compared to HYP.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This research shows that ramipril not only lowers blood pressure but also significantly reduces oxidative stress and dyslipidemia in L-NAME hypertensive rats, indicating its potential as an effective treatment for metabolic syndrome.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings of this study demonstrate that angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ramipril) have the ability to act as both an antioxidant and an anti-dyslipidemic agent in hypertensive conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":93924,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular & hematological agents in medicinal chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144982358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From Flavor to Medicine: A Review Unveiling Phytochemistry and Potential Applications of Coriandrum sativum.","authors":"Shahzadi Bano, Jamal Akhtar Ansari, Farogh Ahsan, Abdul Rahman Khan","doi":"10.2174/0118715257381840250801063853","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0118715257381840250801063853","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Coriandrum sativum (C. sativum), widely known as coriander, is a herb of global significance, valued for its flavor and therapeutic properties. Originating from the Mediterranean, it has acclimatized to various continents, including Europe, Africa, and Asia.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This review article was compiled from the data obtained from Google Scholar, Pub- Med/Medline, ScienceDirect, Hinari, and EBSCO.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The herb thrives in areas with favorable agricultural climates, such as India, China, and parts of Europe. The plant's phytochemical spectrum is notably rich, featuring essential oils, flavonoids, phenolic compounds, and fatty acids. The seed oil is predominantly composed of linalool, complemented by γ-terpinene, decanal, and geranyl acetate. Both leaves and seeds are rich in nutrients, including tocopherols, carotenoids, chlorophylls, sugars, ascorbic acid, phenolics, and anthocyanins. C. sativum has shown beneficial effects in easing anxiety, depression, and convulsions, protecting neural health, combating bacteria and fungi, repelling insects, and supporting cardiovascular and diabetic health.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>These benefits are mainly due to the combined action of its phytochemicals. The toxicity study of this plant revealed that it is safe when administered in single or multiple doses. The essential oils of the herb have also been explored for their repellent and fumigant capabilities. Various clinical trials have been conducted to evaluate its different pharmacological safety profiles and assess its therapeutic potential.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This review aimed to discuss the botanical features, chemical constituents, pharmacological properties, toxicity studies, and clinical trials. Further study is needed related to embryonic and other toxicities.</p>","PeriodicalId":93924,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular & hematological agents in medicinal chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144982413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Sri Lankan Medicinal Herbs on the Reduction of Dyslipidemia.","authors":"Nadeesha Nirmali, Sonali Marasinghe, Pandula Athauda-Arachchi, Sampath B Alahakoon, Anchala I Kuruppu","doi":"10.2174/0118715257365508250627002738","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0118715257365508250627002738","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cardiovascular disease remains a leading global cause of mortality, with dyslipidemia as a major risk factor. While conventional lipid-lowering therapies are effective, they may have adverse effects, highlighting the need for alternative approaches. With its rich biodiversity and long-standing traditional medicine practices, Sri Lanka offers a natural alternative through medicinal plants with antilipidemic properties. Many of these plants are commonly used in Sri Lankan cuisine, not only enhancing flavor but also providing bioactive compounds that regulate lipid levels. This review explores the role of Murraya koenigii, Garcinia quesita, Garcinia zeylanica, Moringa oleifera, Tamarindus indica, Piper nigrum, and Trigonella foenum-graecum in managing dyslipidemia. These plants have demonstrated lipid-lowering effects by reducing total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and triglycerides while increasing HDL cholesterol, enhancing fat metabolism, and exerting antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The review also promotes the integration of these herbs into daily meals for cardiovascular disease management, offering a natural remedy and prevention method. By integrating traditional knowledge with scientific research, Sri Lanka can enhance its healthcare system and improve cardiovascular health outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":93924,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular & hematological agents in medicinal chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144585782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute Effect of Black Tea, Green Tea, and Coffee on Blood Pressure and Blood Glucose in Healthy Female Subjects.","authors":"Esther Oluwasola Aluko, Ezekiel Etim Ben, Grace Edet Bassey","doi":"10.2174/0118715257376503250612101133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0118715257376503250612101133","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The consumption of tea and coffee as beverages is prevalent worldwide, with each having potential health implications. The study investigated the effect of black tea (BT), green tea (GT), and coffee on blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR), and blood glucose level (BGL) in healthy females.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Forty (40) participants aged 18 to 26 were randomly assigned to four groups: control (250 mL warm water), GT (2 g GT dissolved in 250 mL of hot water), coffee (2 g coffee dissolved in 250 mL of hot water), and BT (2 g BT dissolved in 250 mL of hot water) groups with 10 subjects each. Each group was given its designated drink once a day for three consecutive days. Baseline measurements of BP, HR, and BGL were taken after a 15-minute rest before the consumption of the beverages. Follow-up measurements were taken at 15, 30, 45, and 60 minutes after consumption for cardiovascular indices, and 30 and 60 minutes for BGL. This procedure was repeated for three days.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed no significant changes in BP, HR, and BGL in all the experimental groups compared to the control group.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Coffee and tea are popular beverages enjoyed worldwide, recognized for their numerous health benefits largely due to their bioactive compounds, particularly polyphenols and caffeine. The different concentrations of polyphenols and caffeine in these drinks can affect various physiological functions in distinct ways. The results of the present study showed no significant changes in blood pressure, heart rate, or blood glucose level among healthy young female participants who consumed green tea, coffee, and black tea, respectively. Although some previous studies have indicated that these beverages can significantly impact these health metrics, other research has shown no notable changes. The lack of significant findings in this study may be attributed to its short duration; a more extended study could potentially uncover significant changes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings of this study revealed that green tea, black tea, and coffee have no acute effect on blood pressure, heart rate, and blood glucose levels in healthy female individuals. It can therefore be concluded that green tea, black tea, and coffee have a neutral effect on these physiological parameters, but a more elaborate study is highly recommended.</p>","PeriodicalId":93924,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular & hematological agents in medicinal chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144546533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MOTS-c as a Potential Diagnostic-Prognostic Biomarker for Myocardial Infarction.","authors":"Abdülkadir Çakmak, Burak Yazgan","doi":"10.2174/0118715257368076250324041741","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0118715257368076250324041741","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Myocardial infarction (MI) is a disease characterised by myocardial necrosis due to acute and prolonged ischaemic hypoxia in the coronary arteries. MOTS-c is a mitochondrial- derived peptide that has been reported to have protective effects on cardiac tissue. Although this peptide is thought to be decreased in various diseases and can serve as a potential biomarker, current studies remain limited.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate how the post-treatment process affects circulating MOTS- c peptide levels in myocardial infarction patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>For this purpose, patients without obstructive coronary lesions on angiography were included in the control group, while those with significant obstructive coronary lesions on angiography were included in the infarction group. Routine biochemistry tests were performed using an autoanalyzer. Besides, serum MOTS-c levels were measured using ELISA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our findings showed CRP, ESR, and troponin I levels to be higher in the MI group compared to the control group. Also, there was no significant change in MOTS-c levels between the control and the MI group, while time-dependent changes (day 0, day 3, and day 30) occurred within the MI group. However, a negative correlation was found between MOTS-c and platelet levels in the MI group at day 0 (r: -0.4417, p =0.0450). Similarly, MOTS-c was found to be negatively correlated with troponin I in the MI group at day 3 (r: -0.4571, p =0.0372).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The negative correlation of MOTS-c level with both platelet and troponin I has shown that this peptide may contribute to the diagnostic and therapeutic evaluation of the MI process along with other parameters.</p>","PeriodicalId":93924,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular & hematological agents in medicinal chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144063200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adropin and Spexin Peptides Ameloriate Cardiac Inflammation, Matrix Metalloproteinases, and Vascular Response.","authors":"Gülsün Memi, Burak Yazgan, Ebru Taştekin","doi":"10.2174/0118715257346704250324040652","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0118715257346704250324040652","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chronic renal failure (CRF) triggers chronic systemic inflammation and causes vascular calcification, a prominent contributor to the progression of cardiovascular disease. Adropin and spexin peptides regulate energy balance; also, these peptides trigger anti-inflammatory pathways.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Our present study aimed to clarify the potentially protective impact of spexin and adropin peptides on cardiovascular inflammation in an adenine-induced chronic renal failure model.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The CRF model in Sprague-Dawley rats was established by the administration of adenine hemisulfate for ten days. Then, rats were treated with saline or adropin, or/and spexin for four weeks. CRP, CK, and CK-MB levels in serum were measured by autoanalyzer. Aortic contraction- relaxation responses were determined by the organ bath system. H&E, PAS, and Masson's trichrome stainings evaluated histopathological alterations in both aorta and cardiac tissue. Gene expression levels of ILs (IL1β, IL10, IL17A, IL18, IL21, and IL33), MMPs (MMP1, MMP2, MMP3, MMP9, MMP13, and MMP14), NGAL, TGFβ1, TIMP1, and TNFα in cardiac tissue were evaluated by real-time PCR.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found increased CK and CK-MB levels by CRF induction. In addition, IL1β, IL17A, IL18, IL21, MMP1, MMP3, MMP13, and MMP14 increased after CRF progression. While adropin has effects on CK levels, spexin decreases CK-MB levels. Also, adropin and spexin had a nitric oxide-dependent impact on vascular reactivity. Besides, spexin downregulated IL1β, IL10, IL17A, TGFβ1, MMP1, MMP3, MMP9, MMP13, MMP14 and NGAL; however, the adropin peptide had a limited effect.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These results suggest that adropin and spexin have potential preventive roles on vascular damage in CRF progression via modulation of MMPs and inflammatory genes.</p>","PeriodicalId":93924,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular & hematological agents in medicinal chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144015049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Challenge of Detecting Heparin-induced Thrombocytopenia (HIT) in a Developing Country: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Hadi Rezaei, Mohammad Ghorbani, Hassan Mansouritorghabeh","doi":"10.2174/0118715257358047250226044013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0118715257358047250226044013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Approximately 3% of patients treated with heparinoids develop heparin- induced thrombocytopenia (HIT). Although HIT is characterized by thrombocytopenia, type 2 HIT is associated with a high risk of thrombotic events in approximately 30-75% of cases. In some patients, thrombocytopenia represents the primary clinical manifestation of HIT. Early diagnosis of HIT is critical to prevent thrombotic complications by allowing timely replacement of heparin with an alternative anticoagulant. Clinical observations suggest a potential gap in the diagnosis and management of HIT among patients receiving heparinoid therapy in Iran.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>hence, this study aimed to compile and analyze published data on the frequency and prevalence of HIT across various provinces in Iran, a representative developing country. The aim of this systematic review was to identify and highlight potential gaps in the diagnosis of HIT within different regions of the country.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To investigate this hypothesis, a systematic review was conducted to assess the prevalence of HIT and the adequacy of its detection in the country. Literature searches were performed using PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and local databases, yielding 81 articles. Following a rigorous evaluation, five studies met the inclusion criteria for the systematic review. The pooled analysis revealed an estimated HIT prevalence of 6.93% among the studied population. The mean age of participants ranged between 58 and 69 years, falling within the late-adolescent to early-elderly spectrum. The overall male-to-female ratio was 175:121 (59.2% male vs. 40.8% female).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study highlights a significant gap in the diagnosis of HIT in the country, suggesting that similar challenges may exist in other developing countries.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In conclusion, addressing this issue requires increased clinical awareness and improved diagnostic strategies to mitigate associated risks.</p>","PeriodicalId":93924,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular & hematological agents in medicinal chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143722735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oxidative Stress in Cardiovascular Diseases: Mechanisms and Exploring Advanced Therapies.","authors":"Dushyant -, Balram -, Gurvirender Singh, Nitish Kumar, Smita Narwal, Ashwani K Dhingra","doi":"10.2174/0118715257344485250207074727","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0118715257344485250207074727","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The recognition of oxidative stress as a factor influencing the development and progression of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) is growing. By producing such reactive oxygen species (ROS) in diverse areas within cells, including mitochondria and Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate Hydrogen (NADPH)-oxidases, they end up causing damage through the oxidation of lipids, proteins, and DNA. ROS indicates the beginning of inflammatory responses and endothelial dysfunction, which are necessary to produce obstructions in blood vessels and decreased blood vessel function. The fact that oxidative stress plays a significant role in CVD development draws more attention to the need for novel therapies that aim to correct redox imbalances. Therefore, natural polyphenols and antioxidants like vitamin C or E have shown their efficacy in lowering levels of ROS and protecting against the damage caused by oxidative stress. Anyone attempting to cure CVDs should focus on improving the safety and efficacy of antioxidant treatments and identifying which patients will benefit from them the most. This paper discusses not only advanced treatments but also the role played by oxidative stress in such CVD as high blood pressure, hypercholesterolemia, and ischemic heart disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":93924,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular & hematological agents in medicinal chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143517684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}