Biomedical and environmental sciences : BES最新文献

{"title":"Establishment of an Iron Deficiency Model by Iron Depletion in Pregnant Rats.","authors":"Xi Chen, Chao Han, Jin Peng Zhao, Shi Shen, Li Yuan Wang, Shou Ren, Tong Lei Wang, Yan Ma, Ze Chao Xu, Jun Sheng Huo","doi":"10.3967/bes2024.022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3967/bes2024.022","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93903,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical and environmental sciences : BES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140868786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inferring <i>Mycobacterium Tuberculosis</i> Drug Resistance and Transmission using Whole-genome Sequencing in a High TB-burden Setting in China.","authors":"Yu Feng Fan, Dong Xin Liu, Yi Wang Chen, Xi Chao Ou, Qi Zhi Mao, Ting Ting Yang, Xi Jiang Wang, Wen Cong He, Bing Zhao, Zhen Jiang Liu, Maiweilanjiang Abulimiti, Maimaitiaili Aihemuti, Qian Gao, Yan Lin Zhao","doi":"10.3967/bes2023.116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3967/bes2023.116","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>China is among the 30 countries with a high burden of tuberculosis (TB) worldwide, and TB remains a public health concern. Kashgar Prefecture in the southern Xinjiang Autonomous Region is considered as one of the highest TB burden regions in China. However, molecular epidemiological studies of Kashgar are lacking.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A population-based retrospective study was conducted using whole-genome sequencing (WGS) to determine the characteristics of drug resistance and the transmission patterns.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1,668 isolates collected in 2020 were classified into lineages 2 (46.0%), 3 (27.5%), and 4 (26.5%). The drug resistance rates revealed by WGS showed that the top three drugs in terms of the resistance rate were isoniazid (7.4%, 124/1,668), streptomycin (6.0%, 100/1,668), and rifampicin (3.3%, 55/1,668). The rate of rifampicin resistance was 1.8% (23/1,290) in the new cases and 9.4% (32/340) in the previously treated cases. Known resistance mutations were detected more frequently in lineage 2 strains than in lineage 3 or 4 strains, respectively: 18.6% <i>vs.</i> 8.7 or 9%, <i>P</i> < 0.001. The estimated proportion of recent transmissions was 25.9% (432/1,668). Multivariate logistic analyses indicated that sex, age, occupation, lineage, and drug resistance were the risk factors for recent transmission. Despite the low rate of drug resistance, drug-resistant strains had a higher risk of recent transmission than the susceptible strains (adjusted odds ratio, 1.414; 95% <i>CI</i>, 1.023-1.954; <i>P</i> = 0.036). Among all patients with drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB), 78.4% (171/218) were attributed to the transmission of DR-TB strains.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results suggest that drug-resistant strains are more transmissible than susceptible strains and that transmission is the major driving force of the current DR-TB epidemic in Kashgar.</p>","PeriodicalId":93903,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical and environmental sciences : BES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140871781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anti-OX40 Antibody Combined with HBc VLPs Delays Tumor Growth in a Mouse Colon Cancer Model.","authors":"Jia Jia Liu, Qiu Dong Su, Yao Yi, Li Ping Shen, Sheng Li Bi","doi":"10.3967/bes2024.019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3967/bes2024.019","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Combination immunotherapy strategies targeting OX40, a co-stimulatory molecule that can enhance antitumor immunity by modulating the proliferation, differentiation, and effector function of tumor-infiltrating T cells, have attracted much attention for their excellent therapeutic effects. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the antitumor efficacy of combined anti-OX40 and hepatitis B core virus-like particles (HBc VLPs) therapy using a mouse colon cancer model.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Humanized B-hOX40 mice were injected subcutaneously with MC38 colon tumor cells and treated with HBc VLPs+anti-hOX40 antibody. Tumor growth was monitored. Flow cytometric analysis was performed to evaluate the populations of T cell subsets in the tumors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The combination of anti-OX40 with HBc VLPs resulted in a significant delay in tumor growth, suggesting that a potent antitumor immunity was induced by the combination therapy. Further studies revealed that HBc VLPs+anti-OX40 treatment induced a significant increase in effector T cells (Teffs) and a significant decrease in regulatory T cells (Tregs) in the tumor microenvironment (TME), which accounted for the synergistic antitumor effect of anti-OX40 in combination with HBc VLPs.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Combination therapy of anti-hOX40 and HBc VLPs provides synergistic antitumor activity in colon cancer-bearing mice, which may represent a potential design strategy for cancer immunotherapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":93903,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical and environmental sciences : BES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140859317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Study on the Immunogenicity and Efficacy of Different Post-exposure Intramuscular Rabies Vaccination Regimens in China.","authors":"Yun Song, Ying He, Xue Xin Lu, Xiao Mei Zhang, Xiao Lin Jiang, Qing Song, Xue Yong Huang, Hong Xia Ma, Peng Cheng Yu, Wu Yang Zhu","doi":"10.3967/bes2024.018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3967/bes2024.018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to compare the current Essen rabies post-exposure immunization schedule (0-3-7-14-28) in China and the simple 4-dose schedule (0-3-7-14) newly recommended by the World Health Organization in terms of their safety, efficacy, and protection.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Mice were vaccinated according to different immunization schedules, and blood was collected for detection of rabies virus neutralizing antibodies (RVNAs) on days 14, 21, 28, 35, and 120 after the first immunization. Additionally, different groups of mice were injected with lethal doses of the CVS-11 virus on day 0, subjected to different rabies immunization schedules, and assessed for morbidity and death status. In a clinical trial, 185 rabies-exposed individuals were selected for post-exposure vaccination according to the Essen schedule, and blood was collected for RVNAs detection on days 28 and 42 after the first immunization.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A statistically significant difference in RVNAs between mice in the Essen and 0-3-7-14 schedule groups was observed on the 35th day ( <i>P</i> < 0.05). The groups 0-3-7-14, 0-3-7-21, and 0-3-7-28 showed no statistically significant difference ( <i>P</i> > 0.05) in RVNAs levels at any time point. The post-exposure immune protective test showed that the survival rate of mice in the control group was 20%, whereas that in the immunization groups was 40%. In the clinical trial, the RVNAs positive conversion rates on days 28 (14 days after 4 doses) and 42 (14 days after 5 doses) were both 100%, and no significant difference in RVNAs levels was observed ( <i>P</i> > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The simple 4-dose schedule can produce sufficient RVNAs levels, with no significant effect of a delayed fourth vaccine dose (14-28 d) on the immunization potential.</p>","PeriodicalId":93903,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical and environmental sciences : BES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140857609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between Gene Polymorphisms and SNP-SNP Interactions of the Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 Signaling Pathway and the Risk of Vascular Senescence.","authors":"Zhen Yu Liao, Shuo Yang, Song Hu, Jia Liu, Yong Jun Mao, Shu Qin Sun","doi":"10.3967/bes2024.016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3967/bes2024.016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to explore the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in the matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2) signaling pathway and the risk of vascular senescence (VS).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this cross-sectional study, between May and November 2022, peripheral venous blood of 151 VS patients (case group) and 233 volunteers (control group) were collected. Fourteen SNPs were identified in five genes encoding the components of the MMP-2 signaling pathway, assessed through carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV), and analyzed using multivariate logistic regression. The multigene influence on the risk of VS was assessed using multifactor dimensionality reduction (MDR) and generalized multifactor dimensionality regression (GMDR) modeling.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Within the multivariate logistic regression models, four SNPs were screened to have significant associations with VS: chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2) rs4586, MMP2 rs14070, MMP2 rs7201, and MMP2 rs1053605. Carriers of the T/C genotype of MMP2 rs14070 had a 2.17-fold increased risk of developing VS compared with those of the C/C genotype, and those of the T/T genotype had a 19.375-fold increased risk. CCL2 rs4586 and MMP-2 rs14070 exhibited the most significant interactions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CCL2 rs4586, MMP-2 rs14070, MMP-2 rs7201, and MMP-2 rs1053605 polymorphisms were significantly associated with the risk of VS.</p>","PeriodicalId":93903,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical and environmental sciences : BES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140873759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sodium Sulfite as a Novel Hypoxia Revulsant Involved in Hypoxic Regulation in <i>Escherichia coli</i>.","authors":"Qiao Ye, Jia Nan Huo, Yuan Luo, Zhu Song Mei, Long Mei Fang, Bing Qian Guo, Guang Yun Wang","doi":"10.3967/bes2024.025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3967/bes2024.025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As a reducing salt, sodium sulfite could deprive oxygen in solution, which could mimic hypoxic stress in <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i>. In this study, the wild-type <i>Escherichia coli</i> strain MG1655 was used to examine the inhibition of sodium sulfite-induced hypoxia by observing the bacterial growth curves. We also analyzed the growth curves of mutant strains (for <i>arcA/B</i>, <i>soxR/S</i>, <i>fnr</i>, and <i>oxyR</i>) related to <i>E. coli</i> hypoxic pathways to reveal roles of the related genes during hypoxia. The ultrastructure of hypoxia-inhibited bacteria were also observed using transmission electron microscopy. Sodium sulfite could maintain hypoxic condition of bacterial culture for 8 h with concentrations over 40 mmol/L. Complete ultrastructure of the bacteria indicated sodium sulfite did inhibit bacterial growth and division. Among the hypoxia genes, <i>fnr</i> and <i>arcB</i> played key roles in sodium sulfite-induced hypoxia. This study showed that sodium sulfite could be used as a novel hypoxia revulsant for bacterial cultures.</p>","PeriodicalId":93903,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical and environmental sciences : BES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140861295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of Histopathological Examination of Ultrasound-guided Puncture Biopsy Samples for Diagnosis of Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis.","authors":"Wen Fei Gu, Xia Shi, Xin Ma, Jun Lei Yu, Jin Chuan Xu, Cheng Cheng Qian, Zhi Dong Hu, Hui Zhang","doi":"10.3967/bes2024.017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3967/bes2024.017","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the diagnostic value of histopathological examination of ultrasound-guided puncture biopsy samples in extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study was conducted at the Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center. A total of 115 patients underwent ultrasound-guided puncture biopsy, followed by MGIT 960 culture (culture), smear, GeneXpert MTB/RIF (Xpert), and histopathological examination. These assays were performed to evaluate their effectiveness in diagnosing EPTB in comparison to two different diagnostic criteria: liquid culture and composite reference standard (CRS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>When CRS was used as the reference standard, the sensitivity and specificity of culture, smear, Xpert, and histopathological examination were (44.83%, 89.29%), (51.72%, 89.29%), (70.11%, 96.43%), and (85.06%, 82.14%), respectively. Based on liquid culture tests, the sensitivity and specificity of smear, Xpert, and pathological examination were (66.67%, 72.60%), (83.33%, 63.01%), and (92.86%, 45.21%), respectively. Histopathological examination showed the highest sensitivity but lowest specificity. Further, we found that the combination of Xpert and histopathological examination showed a sensitivity of 90.80% and a specificity of 89.29%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Ultrasound-guided puncture sampling is safe and effective for the diagnosis of EPTB. Compared with culture, smear, and Xpert, histopathological examination showed higher sensitivity but lower specificity. The combination of histopathology with Xpert showed the best performance characteristics.</p>","PeriodicalId":93903,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical and environmental sciences : BES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140875088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Atmospheric Particulate Matter 2.5 (PM _2.5) Induces Cell Damage and Pruritus in Human Skin.","authors":"Qiao He, Wan Ting Xue, Li Li, Fan Yi, Xiao Ling, Miao Miao Guo","doi":"10.3967/bes2024.023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3967/bes2024.023","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93903,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical and environmental sciences : BES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140862974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolomic Analysis in Saliva and Different Brain Regions of Older Mice with Postoperative Delirium Behaviors.","authors":"Xiao Liu, Ying Cao, Xiao Wan Lin, Dan Yang Gao, Hui Hui Miao, Tian Zuo Li","doi":"10.3967/bes2024.015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3967/bes2024.015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Postoperative delirium (POD) has become a critical challenge with severe consequences and increased incidences as the global population ages. However, the underlying mechanism is yet unknown. Our study aimed to explore the changes in metabolites in three specific brain regions and saliva of older mice with postoperative delirium behavior and to identify potential non-invasive biomarkers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Eighteen-month-old male C57/BL6 mice were randomly assigned to the anesthesia/surgery or control group. Behavioral tests were conducted 24 h before surgery and 6, 9, and 24 h after surgery. Complement C3 (C3) and S100 calcium-binding protein B protein (S100beta) levels were measured in the hippocampus, and a metabolomics analysis was performed on saliva, hippocampus, cortex, and amygdala samples.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 43, 33, 38, and 14 differential metabolites were detected in the saliva, hippocampus, cortex, and amygdala, respectively. \"Pyruvate\" \"alpha-linolenic acid\" and \"2-oleoyl-1-palmitoy-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine\" are enriched in one common pathway and may be potential non-invasive biomarkers for POD. Common changes were observed in the three brain regions, with the upregulation of 1-methylhistidine and downregulation of D-glutamine.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Dysfunctions in energy metabolism, oxidative stress, and neurotransmitter dysregulation are implicated in the development of POD. The identification of changes in the level of salivary metabolite biomarkers could aid in the development of noninvasive diagnostic methods for POD.</p>","PeriodicalId":93903,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical and environmental sciences : BES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140861891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Malvidin Mitigates Sepsis-induced Cardiac Injury by Modulating the TLR4-iNOS-COX-2 Inflammatory Pathway and the Bax/Bcl-2/Cyto-C Mitochondrial Apoptosis Pathway in a p38 MAPK-dependent Manner.","authors":"Wei Zhang, Si Long Yuan, Jing Chao Qiang, He Huang, Da Li, Ying Sun, Hong Gang Zhang","doi":"10.3967/bes2024.024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3967/bes2024.024","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93903,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical and environmental sciences : BES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140867403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}