Arquivos brasileiros de cardiologia最新文献

{"title":"Relationship between Endothelial Activation and Stress Index and Coronary Artery Ectasia.","authors":"Cihan Aydin, Hüseyin Orta, Aykut Demirkiran, Nadir Emlek","doi":"10.36660/abc.20260242","DOIUrl":"10.36660/abc.20260242","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Coronary artery ectasia (CAE) is characterized by abnormal dilatation of the coronary arteries and is associated with endothelial dysfunction and systemic inflammation. The Endothelial Activation and Stress Index (EASIX) has emerged as a novel biomarker reflecting endothelial activation and inflammatory stress.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the association between EASIX score and the presence of CAE.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 300 patients who underwent coronary angiography between July 2018 and December 2025 were retrospectively analyzed. The study was designed as a case-control study. Patients were divided into two groups according to the presence of CAE (150 CAE, 150 controls). The EASIX score was calculated using the following formula: EASIX = LDH × Creatinine / Platelet . Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed to determine the predictive value of EASIX for CAE. Youden index statistical analysis was performed to evaluate the diagnostic power of ROC analysis and to calculate the optimal cut-off value. A p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients with CAE had significantly higher EASIX score compared with controls (1.46 ± 0.33 vs. 0.98 ± 0.74). In the ROC analysis, EASIX score had 72% sensitivity and 58% specificity when the cut-off value for EASIX≥ 0.74 (AUC=0.688, 95% CI:0.618-0.759, p<0.001). In Multivariable logistic regression analysis, the EASIX score was identified as an independent predictor of CAE (OR =2.12, 95% CI: 1.35-3.34, p=0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The EASIX score was independently associated with the presence of CAE and demonstrated moderate discriminative ability.</p>","PeriodicalId":93887,"journal":{"name":"Arquivos brasileiros de cardiologia","volume":"123 9","pages":"e20260242"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13671129/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149198561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prosthetic Valve Thrombosis after Mitral Valve-in-Valve: Incidence and Management.","authors":"Marcos Merula de Almeida, Vitor Emer Egypto Rosa, José Honório de Almeida Palma da Fonseca, Henrique Barbosa Ribeiro, Roney Orismar Sampaio, Flávio Tarasoutchi","doi":"10.36660/abc.20260330","DOIUrl":"10.36660/abc.20260330","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93887,"journal":{"name":"Arquivos brasileiros de cardiologia","volume":"123 9","pages":"e20260330"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13671730/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149198525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Milestone in the Globalization of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance and a Legacy for Brazil and Latin America.","authors":"Carlos Eduardo Rochitte, Clério Azevedo, Juliano Lara Fernandes","doi":"10.36660/abc.20260568","DOIUrl":"10.36660/abc.20260568","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Central Illustration : A Milestone in the Globalization of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance and a Legacy for Brazil and Latin America SCMR Rio 2026 represented the transition from geographic internationalization to the development of regional scientific capacity. The meeting brought together global participation, Latin American leadership, education, certification, and multidisciplinary collaboration as pillars to expand access to high-quality CMR.</p>","PeriodicalId":93887,"journal":{"name":"Arquivos brasileiros de cardiologia","volume":"123 9","pages":"e20260568"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13649070/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149198568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Axillary Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump: From Technical Feasibility to Preserving Functional Capacity.","authors":"Felipe Lourenço Fernandes","doi":"10.36660/abc.20260602","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36660/abc.20260602","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93887,"journal":{"name":"Arquivos brasileiros de cardiologia","volume":"123 8","pages":"e20260602"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149198547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Astragalus Polysaccharide Enhances Mitochondrial Biogenesis and Function in Cardiomyocytes Through AMPK Activation.","authors":"Chengbin Wang, Shuhan Lv, Xingde Liu","doi":"10.36660/abc.20250854","DOIUrl":"10.36660/abc.20250854","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mitochondrial dysfunction is a key driver of heart failure, underscoring the need for therapies that promote mitochondrial biogenesis and function. Astragalus polysaccharide (APS), a bioactive compound from Astragalus membranaceus, has demonstrated cardioprotective properties, but its direct effects on mitochondrial homeostasis in cardiomyocytes remain unclear.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the effects of APS on mitochondrial function and biogenesis in HL-1 cardiomyocytes and to elucidate the involvement of the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α) signaling pathway.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>HL-1 cardiomyocytes were treated with non-toxic concentrations of APS (1.25-2.5 g/L) for 48 hours. Mitochondrial respiration was assessed via Seahorse XF Analyzer, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels were quantified, and Complex IV activity was measured. Mitochondrial biogenesis was evaluated by mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)/ nuclear DNA (nDNA) ratio, cytochrome B levels, and mitochondrial mass. Key proteins and genes, including PGC-1α, nuclear respiratory factor 2 (NRF2), mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM), uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2), and phosphorylated AMPK (p-AMPK), were analyzed by Western blot and qPCR. The AMPK inhibitor Compound C was used to confirm the pathway's role.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>APS treatment significantly enhanced mitochondrial respiration, ATP production, and Complex IV activity. It promoted mitochondrial biogenesis, evidenced by increased mtDNA/nDNA ratio and mitochondrial mass. APS upregulated the expression of PGC-1α, NRF2, TFAM, and UCP2, and activated AMPK phosphorylation. All these beneficial effects were abolished by AMPK inhibition with Compound C.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>APS enhances mitochondrial biogenesis and function in cardiomyocytes through activation of the AMPK/PGC-1α signaling pathway, identifying it as a potential therapeutic agent for cardiac diseases associated with mitochondrial dysfunction.</p>","PeriodicalId":93887,"journal":{"name":"Arquivos brasileiros de cardiologia","volume":"123 8","pages":"e20250854"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13671154/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149139935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond the Learning Curve: Integrating Coronary Intravascular Lithotripsy into Contemporary Calcium Modification.","authors":"Ricardo Czarnobai Soccol, Paulo R A Caramori","doi":"10.36660/abc.20260619","DOIUrl":"10.36660/abc.20260619","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93887,"journal":{"name":"Arquivos brasileiros de cardiologia","volume":"123 8","pages":"e20260619"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13649073/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149139237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Time Trends in Mortality from Cardiovascular Diseases: An Ecological Study of Brazil's Regions and States, 2010-2023.","authors":"José Francisco Kerr Saraiva, Ana Clara Paixão Campos, Gisele O'Dwyer, Anna Carolina Pinho da Silva, Bruna Bornhofen Barros, Monique Alves Padilha, Fernanda Cristina da Silva de Lima, Catia Cristina Martins Oliveira","doi":"10.36660/abc.20260087","DOIUrl":"10.36660/abc.20260087","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Death from cardiovascular diseases (CVD) represents an essential marker for evaluating the progress and limitations of public policies, especially in territories with greater vulnerability.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To analyze mortality from CVD, hypertensive diseases (HD), ischemic heart disease (IHD), and cerebrovascular diseases (CEVD) by sex, in Brazil, its regions, and Federative Units, between 2010 and 2023.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Time series study with mortality data obtained from DATASUS. Rates were standardized by age, and the temporal trend was assessed using the Joinpoint regression model, with the calculation of annual percent change (APC) and the Average Annual Percentage Change (AAPC) for the entire period. A 95% confidence interval and a significance level of 5% were considered.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Between 2010 and 2023, there were 4,991,937 deaths from CVD in Brazil (52.50% in men). Mortality from CVD decreased in men (Federal District: -3.58%, p<0.001; South: -2.23%, p<0.001), but increased in Amazonas (1.04%, p<0.01) and Amapá (1.54%, p<0.01). IHD increased in men in Amapá (5.21%, p<0.001) and Roraima (2.61%, p=0.03). HD increased in Bahia (men: 1.38%, p=0.03; women: 1.50%, p=0.04) and Rio Grande do Sul (men: 1.93%, p<0.001; women: 1.86%, p<0.01). CEVD mortality shows a downward trend in most states. Premature mortality from HD increased among men in the South (+1.61%, p<0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In Brazil, despite advances in the prevention and treatment of CVD, improvements have not been equitable: strong regional and socioeconomic inequalities persist, with higher mortality rates among vulnerable populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":93887,"journal":{"name":"Arquivos brasileiros de cardiologia","volume":"123 8","pages":"e20260087"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13671139/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149119773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Agonism of GPR84 Attenuates Free Fatty Acid-Induced Endothelial Inflammation and Monocyte Adhesion via Gfi1/NF-κB Pathway.","authors":"Li Li, Gang Fu, Yanling Liu, Caiyun Liu","doi":"10.36660/abc.20260231","DOIUrl":"10.36660/abc.20260231","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Endothelial dysfunction and monocyte adhesion driven by free fatty acids (FFAs) are critical early events in atherosclerosis. Palmitate, a long-chain saturated free fatty acid, upregulated GPR84 expression. Although GPR84 is canonically activated by medium-chain FFAs, its induction under lipotoxic stress suggests a compensatory, context-dependent role. Its role in endothelial inflammation is poorly defined.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To investigate the functional role of GPR84 activation in FFA-induced endothelial inflammation and elucidate the underlying mechanisms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs) were challenged with palmitate (0.5 or 1 mM) in the presence or absence of the GPR84 agonists 6-OAU or ZQ-16 (each at 1 μM). Inflammatory cytokine and adhesion molecule expression were assessed by qPCR and ELISA. Monocyte adhesion was evaluated using THP-1 cells. NF-κB p65 nuclear translocation and Gfi1 expression were examined, and Gfi1 silencing was performed to assess functional relevance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Palmitate increased GPR84 expression in HAECs. Treatment with GPR84 agonists significantly reduced palmitate-induced upregulation of IL-1β, TNF-α, MCP-1, VCAM-1, and ICAM-1 at both mRNA and protein levels, and attenuated THP-1 monocyte adhesion. Mechanistically, GPR84 activation inhibited NF-κB p65 nuclear translocation and preserved Gfi1 expression. Knockdown of Gfi1 abrogated the protective effects of GPR84 agonists, restoring NF-κB activation, adhesion molecule expression, and monocyte adhesion.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>GPR84 agonism mitigates FFA-induced endothelial inflammation by restoring Gfi1 expression and suppressing NF-κB signaling, highlighting a potential therapeutic strategy for early atherosclerosis that warrants further in vivo validation.</p>","PeriodicalId":93887,"journal":{"name":"Arquivos brasileiros de cardiologia","volume":"123 8","pages":"e20260231"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13671130/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149119731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimated Left Ventricular Outflow Tract Diameter: Proposal of an Equation for Clinical Use in Adults from The ELSA Brasil Study data.","authors":"Giulia Bevilacqua Schmitz, Bruce Bartholow Duncan, Murilo Foppa, Angela Barreto Santiago Santos","doi":"10.36660/abc.20260036","DOIUrl":"10.36660/abc.20260036","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Left ventricular outflow tract diameter (LVOTd) is essential for estimating stroke volume and aortic stenosis severity, but technical limitations may affect its accuracy. A predicted LVOTd may overcome these issues, though it has not been validated in large populations. We studied the participants of the representative random sample and with ≥ 60 y-o from the Elsa-Brasil study with echocardiogram performed (n=3,267), divided into a derivation (70%) and a validation subgroup (30%). In the derivation cohort, independent determinants of LVOTd were identified, and a regression equation was derived. In the validation cohort, the performance of LVOTELSA was evaluated and compared with previously published formulas. In our derivation sample (n= 1,822; 58.9 ± 9.5 y-o; 52% females), the mean measured LVOTd was 19.5 ± 2.5 mm. The strongest predictors of LVOTd were sex, height, aortic root diameter (AoDiam), and LV end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD), deriving the equation LVOTELSA = 0.03 + [0.59 x male] + [0.04 x height] + [0.22 x AoDiam] + [0.13 x LVEDD]. In the validation sample (n=739), LVOTELSA showed a high correlation (r=0.63) with measured LVOTd with similar agreement to LVOTPestelli (r=0.61), but worse with LVOTBSA(r=0.47). These differences are reflected in relevant differences in stroke volumes. LVOTELSA showed good performance in a general adult population and may be used as an alternative when direct echocardiographic measurement of LVOTd is not feasible.</p>","PeriodicalId":93887,"journal":{"name":"Arquivos brasileiros de cardiologia","volume":"123 8","pages":"e20260036"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13671728/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149119787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incorporating Intracoronary Lithotripsy into Daily Practice: A Temporal Comparative Analysis of Safety, Efficacy, and Learning Curve.","authors":"Guy F A Prado, Stefano Garzon, José Mariani Junior, Willterson Bandeira, Felipe Mateus Teixeira Bezerra, Breno Oliveira Almeida, Gustavo Neves de Araujo, Ana Claudia Conrado, João Silveira, Emanuele Barbato, Flavio Ribichini, Pedro Alves Lemos","doi":"10.36660/abc.20250783","DOIUrl":"10.36660/abc.20250783","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Intravascular lithotripsy (IVL) has emerged as a groundbreaking technology for treating calcified coronary lesions.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess whether case selection and interventional performance with IVL have evolved over time after its incorporation into daily practice.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We prospectively included 104 consecutive patients with 127 calcified coronary lesions treated with IVL. The cohort was divided into two temporal groups (52 patients each) based on the order of patient inclusion. Clinical data and procedural performance were compared between the groups. All statistical tests were two-sided, with a significance level of 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age was 73.2 ± 10.2 years, and 62.5% of patients presented with acute coronary syndromes. Severe calcification and type B2/C lesions were identified in 73.2% and 98.4%, respectively. Upfront IVL was performed in 92.9% of lesions, intravascular imaging was used in 78%, rotational atherectomy in 6.3%, and angiographic success was achieved in 96.0%. Compared with the first cohort, the latter cohort had more bifurcation lesions (60.0% vs. 41.9%; p = 0.04), more interventions in the circumflex artery (24.6% vs. 8.1%; p = 0.02), and a lower use of 4.0-mm diameter balloons (4.6% vs. 18.5%; p = 0.02). The latter cohort spanned a longer inclusion period (168 ± 90.8 vs. 120 ± 72.8 days; p = 0.004) and had fewer angiographic complications (1.5% vs. 14.5%; p = 0.01), whereas in-hospital major adverse cardiac events did not differ (3.8% vs. 5.8%; p = 1.0).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>IVL is an effective modality for coronary calcium modification. Temporal changes in case selection and interventional performance may reflect a learning-adaptation curve.</p>","PeriodicalId":93887,"journal":{"name":"Arquivos brasileiros de cardiologia","volume":"123 8","pages":"e20250783"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13671136/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149042671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}