Animal models and experimental medicine最新文献

{"title":"Antibacterial effects of lidocaine and saline irrigation on Escherichia coli in superficial surgical wounds","authors":"David Ramírez-Tapia,&nbsp;José A. Ortega-Salgado,&nbsp;Stephania Rámirez-Guzmán,&nbsp;Jorge Lopez-Lopez,&nbsp;Alejandro Rodríguez-Baéz,&nbsp;Natalia Nuño-Lámbarri,&nbsp;Eduardo E. Montalvo-Javé","doi":"10.1002/ame2.70003","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ame2.70003","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study evaluated the antibacterial effects of 2% lidocaine and its combination with 0.9% saline solution on <i>Escherichia coli</i> infection in superficial surgical wounds in Wistar rats. The goal was to determine if these treatments could effectively reduce <i>E. coli</i> Colony Forming Units (CFUs) below the critical threshold of 1 × 10⁵. Seventy male Wistar rats were divided into seven groups, each undergoing different interventions to assess the antibacterial efficacy of lidocaine, with outcomes measured through bacterial cultures and CFU quantification. Results demonstrated a Log₁₀ reduction of approximately 0.44 in <i>E. coli</i> CFUs following infiltration with 2% lidocaine. The combined use of 2% lidocaine infiltration and 0.9% saline irrigation resulted in nearly complete suppression of bacterial growth. These findings suggest that these simple interventions could be valuable in emergency surgical settings to mitigate the risk of surgical site infections and serve as effective prophylactic measures.</p>","PeriodicalId":93869,"journal":{"name":"Animal models and experimental medicine","volume":"8 5","pages":"939-943"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ame2.70003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144045881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Dictyophora polysaccharide on cerebellar Purkinje cell degeneration in a chronic alcohol mouse model.","authors":"Jian Zhang, Zhihui Dai, Huanhuan Yu, Baofei Sun, Jiuyang Ding, Yuanhe Wang","doi":"10.1002/ame2.70021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ame2.70021","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Recent research showed that the NLRP3 inflammasome was activated in the central nervous system of mice administered chronic ethanol (EtOH). Dictyophora polysaccharides (DIPs) are essential components of the valuable edible fungus Dictyophora, which has antioxidant properties that can delay the aging process of the body. This study aimed to investigate the roles of NLRP3 in chronic EtOH-induced cerebellar Purkinje cell (PC) degeneration and behavioral changes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>C57BL/6J normal and NLRP3 knockout mice were exposed to EtOH for 14 days. Dictyophora polysaccharide (DIP) and NLRP3 inhibitor were administered to the EtOH mice. The pathology and NLRP3-ASC-caspase-1 signaling pathway proteins were analyzed in EtOH mice cerebellar tissues and behavioral performance was assessed in the mice.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the EtOH mouse model, we observed increases in the NLRP3 inflammasome proteins, including NLRP3, ASC, caspase-1, mature IL-1β and pro IL-1β, loss of PCs, and motor coordination disorders. We found that DIPs could suppress the NLRP3-ASC-caspase-1 signaling pathway, and alleviate the motor deficits and cerebellar pathological changes in chronic EtOH mice. Next, we used MCC950, a NLRP3 inhibitor, and an NLRP3 knockout strategy to further verify the effects of NLRP3-ASC-caspase-1 signaling in chronic EtOH mice. MCC950 or NLRP3 knockout alleviated the EtOH-induced latency to decreases in fall time, increases in stride width and decreases in stride length. MCC950 or NLRP3 knockout also attenuated PC number loss and suppressed NLRP3 inflammation induced by EtOH. Taken together, pharmacologically or genetically inhibiting NLRP3 alleviated EtOH-induced cerebellar degeneration and behavioral deficits.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings indicated that DIPs might diminish EtOH-induced cerebellar degeneration and behavioral deficits through the NLRP3-ASC-caspase-1 signaling pathway, which provides a potential therapeutic target for the prevention and treatment of alcoholism and EtOH-induced cerebellar pathology.</p>","PeriodicalId":93869,"journal":{"name":"Animal models and experimental medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144051897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An optimized perfusate for enhanced rat ex vivo lung perfusion and lung transplant models.","authors":"Jie Zhang, Xuanlin Zhang, Jianxing He","doi":"10.1002/ame2.70004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ame2.70004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although Steen's solution plays a crucial role in maintaining vascular oncotic pressure and reducing pulmonary edema due to its high concentration of human serum albumin during ex vivo lung perfusion (EVLP), it incurs high costs and potential immune responses in rat models. In our preliminary research, donor lungs perfused with Steen's solution exhibited significant lung injury post transplantation, likely due to a strong immune response elicited by the high concentration of xenogenic proteins upon reperfusion. This study explores a low-cost and efficient perfusate composition for use in rat EVLP and lung transplant models. The modified perfusate employed in this study uses artificial colloids as the primary component, with an albumin concentration of only 2%, demonstrating comparable physiological parameters, metabolic levels, and pathological changes to those of Steen's solution during EVLP. Moreover, the modified composition exhibited good biocompatibility in transplantation, with minimal lung injury. In summary, the proposed perfusate offers a safer and more economical alternative for establishing rat EVLP and lung transplant models, facilitating the advancement of related research.</p>","PeriodicalId":93869,"journal":{"name":"Animal models and experimental medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143766034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The NLRP3 inflammasome pathway contributes to chronic inflammation in experimental autoimmune uveitis","authors":"Avik Shome,&nbsp;Ilva D. Rupenthal,&nbsp;Rachael L. Niederer,&nbsp;Odunayo O. Mugisho","doi":"10.1002/ame2.70011","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ame2.70011","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Noninfectious uveitis, a chronic ocular inflammatory disease, is characterized by the activation of immune cells in the eye, with most studies focusing on the role of the adaptive immune system in the disease. However, limited data exist on the potential contribution of the innate immune system, specifically the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain and leucine-rich repeat receptor-3 (NLRP3) inflammasome pathway. This pathway has previously been identified as a driver of inflammation in several low-grade, progressive inflammatory eye diseases such as diabetic retinopathy. The aim of this study was to determine whether the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway plays a role in the pathogenesis and chronicity of experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>EAU was induced in C57BL/6J mice via intraperitoneal pertussis toxin and subcutaneous interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein injections. After 12 weeks, eyes were enucleated, and whole eye sections were assessed for inflammasome, macrophage, and microglial markers in the retina, ciliary body, and cornea using immunohistochemistry.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our study confirmed higher NLRP3 inflammasome activation (increased expression of NLRP3 and cleaved caspase 1 labeling) in EAU mouse retinas compared to controls. This correlated with increased astrogliosis and microglial activation throughout the eye. Migratory innate and adaptive peripheral immune cells (macrophages and leukocytes) were also found within the retina and ciliary body of EAU mice. Connexin43 proteins, which form hexameric hemichannels that can release adenosine triphosphate (ATP), an upstream inflammasome priming signal, were also found upregulated in the retina and cornea of EAU mice.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Overall, our findings support the idea that in the EAU model there is active inflammation, even 12 weeks post induction, and that it can be correlated to inflammasome activation. This contributes to the pathogenesis and chronicity of noninfectious uveitis, and our results emphasize that targeting the inflammasome pathway could be efficacious for noninfectious uveitis treatment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":93869,"journal":{"name":"Animal models and experimental medicine","volume":"8 6","pages":"1080-1094"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ame2.70011","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143744624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Krüppel-like factor 4 transcription factor in blood–brain barrier endothelial cells: A potential role in Alzheimer's disease","authors":"Ziying Wei,&nbsp;Chunhua Liu,&nbsp;Jianyu Chen,&nbsp;Yuxiao Yao,&nbsp;Dajiang Qin","doi":"10.1002/ame2.70015","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ame2.70015","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Alzheimer's disease is the most prevalent chronic neurodegenerative disorder worldwide, with no sufficient cure. Ongoing research is focused on developing new therapies aimed at preventing or delaying the onset of symptoms, slowing disease progression, and improving cognitive and behavioral outcomes in individuals affected by Alzheimer's disease. Among the various pathological changes associated with this condition, blood–brain barrier (BBB) leakage plays a crucial role as it serves as a vital boundary for maintaining central nervous system (CNS) health. Preserving the integrity and functionality of the BBB is essential to protect the brain from amyloid-β accumulation, neuroinflammation, and neuronal degeneration. This review summarizes models of Alzheimer's disease characterized by BBB leakage over time. More importantly, we introduce Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4), a transcription factor involved in vascular systems, and discuss its relevance to Alzheimer's disease. By elucidating the functions of KLF4 within both vascular and CNSs, this review highlights its potential role in modulating BBB integrity in Alzheimer's pathology, which may contribute to therapeutic strategies for managing this debilitating condition.</p>","PeriodicalId":93869,"journal":{"name":"Animal models and experimental medicine","volume":"8 5","pages":"819-828"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ame2.70015","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143712626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary Qiwenghuangbo powder–enriched Limosilactobacillus reuteri protects the intestinal epithelium and alleviates inflammation via a strain-specific mechanism","authors":"Qian Xu,&nbsp;Lei Xue,&nbsp;Zhenhua Wu,&nbsp;Shuaishuai Kang,&nbsp;Jia Li,&nbsp;Yifan Wu,&nbsp;Yujun Wu,&nbsp;Jinbiao Zhao,&nbsp;Rujuan Wu,&nbsp;Huiyuan Lv,&nbsp;Junjun Wang,&nbsp;Dandan Han","doi":"10.1002/ame2.70016","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ame2.70016","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Qiwenghuangbo powder (QP), composed of <i>Astragalus</i>, <i>Phellodendron chinensis</i>, and <i>Radix pulsatilla</i>, is a traditional Chinese herbal formula, but its effects on weaned piglets remained unclear.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Weaned piglets fed with 0.5 kg/t QP (QP1), 1 kg/t QP (QP2), low-zinc oxide (ZnO; negative control), and high-ZnO (positive control) diets in two phases, respectively, and the growth performance, intestinal morphology, cytokines, and microbial communities were profiled. The mouse models of colitis induced by <i>Citrobacter rodentium</i> and dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) were employed to elucidate the potential role of QP-fed enriched key species.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Dietary 1.0 kg/t QP alleviated diarrhea and inflammation and improved intestinal development and growth performance of weaned piglets. Moreover, this dietary intervention notably altered microbiota composition, characterized by the enrichment of <i>Limosilactobacillus reuteri</i>. Furthermore, out of three isolated <i>L. reuteri</i>, two strains could alleviate pathogen infection and intestinal inflammation, respectively. Specifically, the anti-inflammatory effect of one strain was achieved by promoting the colonization resistance of <i>C. rodentium</i> as significantly reduced pathogen loads. The other strain mitigated DSS-induced colitis by enhancing the goblet cell function and inhibiting the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, particularly interleukin-1β (IL-1ß) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Dietary QP improved the growth performance and intestinal health of weaned piglets by promoting the colonization of <i>L. reuteri</i>. The isolated commensal <i>L. reuteri</i> control colitis in a strain-specific mechanism, highlighting the potential of QP and <i>L. reuteri</i> in providing evidence for gut health promotion.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":93869,"journal":{"name":"Animal models and experimental medicine","volume":"8 6","pages":"990-1003"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ame2.70016","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143665669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sugar-sensing swodkoreceptors and swodkocrine signaling","authors":"Savani Anbalagan","doi":"10.1002/ame2.70007","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ame2.70007","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Sugars are one of the major metabolites and are essential for nucleic acid synthesis and energy production. In addition, sugars can act as signaling molecules. To study sugar signaling at the systemic level, there is an urgent need to systematically identify sugar-sensing proteins and nucleic acids. I propose the terms “swodkoreceptor” and “swodkocrine signaling,” derived from the Polish word “słodki” meaning “sweet,” to comprise all sugar-sensing proteins and signaling events, respectively, regardless of their cellular location and signaling domains. This proposal is intended to facilitate the inclusion of proteins such as the <i>Escherichia coli</i> LacI repressor as an allolactose receptor, human glucokinase regulatory protein (GCKR) as a fructose receptor, and other sugar-binding based allosterically regulated enzymes and transcription factors as sugar-sensing receptors. In addition, enzyme-interacting proteins whose interaction state is regulated by sugar binding have also been proposed as sugar receptors. The systemic study of protein- and nucleic-acid-based swodkoreceptors may help to identify organelle-specific swodkoreceptors and to also address receptor duality. The study of intra- and inter-organism swodkocrine signaling and its crosstalk with gasocrine signaling may help to understand the etiology of diseases due to dysregulation in sugar homeostasis and signaling.</p>","PeriodicalId":93869,"journal":{"name":"Animal models and experimental medicine","volume":"8 5","pages":"944-961"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ame2.70007","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143665604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Establishment of rat model for aspiration pneumonia and potential mechanisms","authors":"Hanbing Hu,&nbsp;Junfeng Chen,&nbsp;Yiru Shao,&nbsp;Yuedong Tang,&nbsp;Yu Dun,&nbsp;Obulkasim Memet,&nbsp;Xuanrong Bao,&nbsp;Jie Shen","doi":"10.1002/ame2.12566","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ame2.12566","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Aspiration pneumonia is a severe health concern, particularly for ICU patients with impaired airway defenses. Current animal models fail to fully replicate the condition, focusing solely on chemical lung injury from gastric acid while neglecting pathogen-induced inflammation. This gap hinders research on pathogenesis and treatment, creating an urgent need for a clinically relevant model. This study aimed to develop an improved rat model of aspiration pneumonia by combining hydrochloric acid (HCl) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) administration.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Specific pathogen-free Sprague Dawley rats underwent intratracheal instillation of HCl and LPS. Techniques included rat weight measurement, tracheal intubation, pulmonary function monitoring, lung tissue sampling with HE staining and scoring, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) sampling, protein and inflammatory cytokine analysis via BCA and ELISA, BALF pH determination, Evans Blue dye assessment, blood gas analysis, FITC-dextran leakage, Western blotting, electron microscopy, survival analysis, and transcriptome sequencing with bioinformatics. Statistical analysis was performed using GraphPad Prism.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The optimal model involved instillation of 1.5 μL/g.wt HCl (pH = 1) followed by 20 μg/g.wt LPS after 1 h. This model reproduced acute lung injury, including tissue damage, pulmonary microvascular dysfunction, inflammatory responses, hypoxemia, and impaired pulmonary ventilation, with recovery observed at 72 h. PANoptosis was confirmed, characterized by increased markers. Concentration-dependent effects of HCl and LPS on lung damage were identified, alongside cytokine elevation and microvascular dysfunction.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This optimized model closely mimics clinical aspiration pneumonia, providing a valuable tool for studying pathophysiology and therapeutic strategies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":93869,"journal":{"name":"Animal models and experimental medicine","volume":"8 6","pages":"1105-1118"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ame2.12566","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143665672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improved husbandry measures to enhance reproducibility of wound healing studies in the Leprdb/db mouse","authors":"May Barakat,&nbsp;Brian P. David,&nbsp;Junhe Shi,&nbsp;Angela Xu,&nbsp;Terry W. Moore,&nbsp;Lin Chen,&nbsp;Luisa A. DiPietro","doi":"10.1002/ame2.70010","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ame2.70010","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The Lepr^<i>db/db</i> mouse is a common and well-studied model of type II diabetes mellitus that is often employed in biomedical research. Despite being one of the most commonly used models for the investigation of diabetic wound healing, there are a few specific guidelines for its husbandry, and wound complications such as infection and expansion are common. This study presents a modified animal husbandry approach for the Lepr^<i>db/db</i> mouse to reduce the incidence of complications during wound healing experiments. Compared to standard rodent housing protocols, the use of this modified protocol leads to decreased rates of complications among experimental animals across several experiments. The protocol includes increased cage size, decreased housing density, and more frequent cage replacements. The use of improved husbandry for the Lepr^db/db mouse decreases the total number of animals required, minimizes harm during experimentation, and improves the consistency and reproducibility of wound healing studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":93869,"journal":{"name":"Animal models and experimental medicine","volume":"8 6","pages":"1130-1137"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ame2.70010","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143672041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of different anesthetic protocols during anesthesia for the establishment of a porcine model of acute kidney injury.","authors":"Axel Guilpin, Mathieu Magnin, Axel Aigle, Timothée Schuhler, Jean-Yves Ayoub, Romain Lac, Charlotte Slek, Thomas Brichart, Abdessalem Hammed, Vanessa Louzier","doi":"10.1002/ame2.70014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ame2.70014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>During the establishment of a model of acute kidney injury (AKI) in pigs, we observed a high prevalence of malignant hyperthermia (MH). These complications led us to refine the anesthetic protocol. This publication describes the impact of the choice of anesthetics on the results obtained.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Pigs were euthanized at the end of the procedure, without recovery from anesthesia. Three anesthetic protocols were used: sevoflurane inhalation (ProtocolA, n = 5), a combination of ketamine, medetomidine and diazepam by intravenous infusion (ProtocolB, n = 5), and a combination of ketamine, diazepam, medetomidine, glucose, and noradrenaline (ProtocolC, n = 5). All pigs received morphine for analgesia. AKI was induced by interrupting renal perfusion for 90 min. MH was diagnosed based on clinical and biological parameters.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All MH pigs belonged to ProtocolA. MH pigs showed significantly higher maximum rectal temperature (p = 0.04), maximum expired carbon dioxide (CO₂; p = 0.04), maximum heart rate (HR; p = 0.03), plasma concentration of creatinine and potassium (p < 0.0001). Protocol A pigs had a significantly higher maximum HR (p = 0.01) and hyperkalemia compared to the two other groups (ProtocolB, p = 0.005 and ProtocolC, p < 0.0001). Pigs from ProtocolA had a significantly lower minimum mean arterial pressure (MAP) than ProtocolC group (p = 0.03) and MAP remained below 60 mmHg for longer (p = 0.004). In ProtocolB, minimum glycemia was lower than other groups (p = 0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Sevoflurane use was associated with the occurrence of MH, hemodynamic alterations and changes in plasma concentration of creatinine and potassium. These modifications can have a major impact on the validation of an experimental AKI model.</p>","PeriodicalId":93869,"journal":{"name":"Animal models and experimental medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143665675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}