Animal models and experimental medicine最新文献

{"title":"In vivo toxic and lethal cardiorespiratory effects of a synthetic quaternary ammonium salt derivative of haloperidol in mice","authors":"Jilin Liao,&nbsp;Binger Lu,&nbsp;Jinhua Yang,&nbsp;Xiaowan Wang,&nbsp;Shuxian Li,&nbsp;Hongbo Fu,&nbsp;Fenfei Gao","doi":"10.1002/ame2.12531","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ame2.12531","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To investigate the toxicity of <i>N</i>-n-butyl haloperidol iodide (F2), a quaternary ammonium salt derivative of haloperidol, in mice for potential therapeutic purposes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The acute median lethal dose (LD₅₀) of F2 was determined using the Bliss method following intravenous administration in mice. Routine surface electrocardiograms (ECGs) and arterial blood pressures (aBPs) were recorded under general anesthesia in untreated and pharmacologically vagotomized mice injected with F2. Sublethal doses of F2 were tested for their effects on aBP, heart rate, and biochemical parameters such as lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and serum lactate levels. Histopathological changes in the heart, lungs, liver, and kidneys were evaluated after F2 administration.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The acute LD₅₀ of F2 was determined to be 5.11 mg/kg. A 10 mg/kg dose of F2 caused severe hypotension, second-degree atrioventricular block, progressive prolongation of Pmurr intervals, and death due to cardiac asystole. Similar ECG and aBP changes were observed in atropine-pretreated mice, indicating that cholinergic effects do not play a major role in F2-induced toxicity. Sublethal doses of F2 (1.2 and 2.4 mg/kg) caused dose-dependent decreases in aBP and increases in heart rate. F2 induced significant, dose-dependent increases in LDH, BUN, and serum lactate levels. Histopathological analysis revealed acute lung lesions at 10 mg/kg, with no significant changes observed in the heart, liver, or kidneys.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Acute intravenous injection of F2 exhibits dose-dependent cardiopulmonary toxicity, characterized by severe hypotension, arrhythmias, and biochemical changes. These findings highlight the potential risks of F2 and the need for further evaluation of its safety profile for therapeutic use.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":93869,"journal":{"name":"Animal models and experimental medicine","volume":"8 5","pages":"842-853"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ame2.12531","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143034818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-throughput markerless pose estimation and home-cage activity analysis of tree shrew using deep learning","authors":"Yangzhen Wang,&nbsp;Feng Su,&nbsp;Rixu Cong,&nbsp;Mengna Liu,&nbsp;Kaichen Shan,&nbsp;Xiaying Li,&nbsp;Desheng Zhu,&nbsp;Yusheng Wei,&nbsp;Jiejie Dai,&nbsp;Chen Zhang,&nbsp;Yonglu Tian","doi":"10.1002/ame2.12530","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ame2.12530","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Quantifying the rich home-cage activities of tree shrews provides a reliable basis for understanding their daily routines and building disease models. However, due to the lack of effective behavioral methods, most efforts on tree shrew behavior are limited to simple measures, resulting in the loss of much behavioral information.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To address this issue, we present a deep learning (DL) approach to achieve markerless pose estimation and recognize multiple spontaneous behaviors of tree shrews, including drinking, eating, resting, and staying in the dark house, etc.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This high-throughput approach can monitor the home-cage activities of 16 tree shrews simultaneously over an extended period. Additionally, we demonstrated an innovative system with reliable apparatus, paradigms, and analysis methods for investigating food grasping behavior. The median duration for each bout of grasping was 0.20 s.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study provides an efficient tool for quantifying and understand tree shrews' natural behaviors</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":93869,"journal":{"name":"Animal models and experimental medicine","volume":"8 5","pages":"896-905"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ame2.12530","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143026012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unraveling the neuroprotective effect of perampanel and lacosamide combination in the corneal kindling model for epilepsy in mice","authors":"Saba Tehreem,&nbsp;Azka Sabir,&nbsp;Maryam Farooq,&nbsp;Waseem Ashraf,&nbsp;Faleh Alqahtani,&nbsp;Tanveer Ahmad,&nbsp;Imran Imran","doi":"10.1002/ame2.12524","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ame2.12524","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Scientific evidence to guide clinicians on the use of different antiseizure drugs in combination therapy is either very limited or lacking. In this study, the impact of lacosamide and perampanel alone and in combination was tested in corneal kindling model in mice, which is a cost-effective mechanism for screening of antiseizure drugs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The impact of lacosamide (5 mg/kg) and perampanel (0.125 mg/kg) alone and their combination was tested in corneal kindling process (3-mA current for 3 s applied twice daily for consecutive 12 days) in male BALB/c mice. Post-kindling, mice were subjected to a battery of behavioral tests assessing anxiety, memory, and depression-like behaviors. Brain tissues were then harvested for analysis of oxidative stress biomarkers.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our results showed that the combination therapy of lacosamide and perampanel was more effective in reducing seizure progression than monotherapy of these drugs. Animals treated with combination therapy showed significant behavioral improvements, as reduced anxiety and depression were noticed, and their cognitive abilities were notably better compared to animals of all other groups. Moreover, biochemical assays of isolated brains from combination-treated group revealed lesser amount of oxidative stress. In addition, outcomes of dual regime were comparable to the phenytoin in seizure control but showed superior benefits in mitigation of kindling-prompted behavioral dysfunction and oxidative stress.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study suggests that the lacosamide and perampanel combination therapy worked noticeably better in halting the corneal kindling process in mice and improved the epilepsy-associated psychiatric disorders that might be due to antioxidant effects of both drugs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":93869,"journal":{"name":"Animal models and experimental medicine","volume":"8 2","pages":"222-238"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ame2.12524","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143026016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gabexate mesylate thermo-sensitive in-situ gel is effective for treating grade-III pancreatic trauma in beagle dogs guided by contrast-enhanced ultrasound","authors":"Hanjing Gao,&nbsp;Shanshan Yang,&nbsp;Qing Song,&nbsp;Wenjing Tang,&nbsp;Yiru Wang,&nbsp;Bin Shi,&nbsp;Jie Tang,&nbsp;Yukun Luo","doi":"10.1002/ame2.12526","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ame2.12526","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study evaluates the efficacy of gabexate mesylate thermosensitive in-situ gel (GMTI) in the treatment of beagle grade III pancreatic trauma (PT) with the assistance of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) and investigates its mechanism of action.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A grade III PT model consisting of 15 beagle dogs with severed main pancreatic ducts was created and treated with cephalic vein injection of gabexate mesylate (GM) (1.54 mL/10 kg, TID) and peripancreatic injection of GMTI (4.63 mL/10 kg, QD) guided by CEUS within 24 h post-surgery. Ascites and serum levels of amylase (AMY), lipase (LPS), C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and urinary trypsinogen activating peptide (TAP) were detected by ELISA. Histopathological changes in the canine pancreas were observed by Hematoxylin and Eosin staining.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>CEUS accurately displayed pancreatic lesions and guided catheterisation. Compared to the control group, the ascites was significantly reduced after treatment (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01). AMY and LPS ascites significantly decreased on post-operative 1st and 2nd day (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01). The levels of AMY, LPS, CRP, IL-6, and TNF-α in serum were decreased (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05 or <i>p</i> &lt; 0.01). Urinary TAP was decreased 1 and 2 days after treatment (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05 or <i>p</i> &lt; 0.01, respectively). In the control group, pancreatic tissue necrosis was evident in the wound area. Normal glandular cell structures and fibrous tissue hyperplasia were observed in the wound area after GMTI treatment. The GMTI group performed better than the GM group in improving pancreatic histology and reducing AMY levels in the early post-operative period.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Guided by CEUS, daily peripancreatic injections of GMTI in Beagles effectively inhibit pancreatic enzyme activity and aid in the adjuvant treatment of pancreatic trauma.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":93869,"journal":{"name":"Animal models and experimental medicine","volume":"8 3","pages":"534-543"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ame2.12526","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143026009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of in vivo reprogramming of astrocytes combined with exercise training on neurorepair in rats with spinal cord injury","authors":"Zuliyaer Talifu,&nbsp;Xin Xu,&nbsp;Huayong Du,&nbsp;Zehui Li,&nbsp;Xiaoxin Wang,&nbsp;Chunjia Zhang,&nbsp;Yunzhu Pan,&nbsp;Han Ke,&nbsp;Wubo Liu,&nbsp;Feng Gao,&nbsp;Degang Yang,&nbsp;Yingli Jing,&nbsp;Yan Yu,&nbsp;Liangjie Du,&nbsp;Jianjun Li","doi":"10.1002/ame2.12545","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ame2.12545","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The inability of damaged neurons to regenerate and of axons to establish new functional connections leads to permanent functional deficits after spinal cord injury (SCI). Although astrocyte reprogramming holds promise for neurorepair in various disease models, it is not sufficient on its own to achieve significant functional recovery.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A rat SCI model was established using a spinal cord impactor. Seven days postsurgery, adeno-associated virus were injected to overexpress the transcription factors NeuroD1 and Neurogenin-2 (Ngn2) in the spinal cord. The rats were then trained to walk on a weight-supported treadmill for 4 weeks, starting 14 days after modeling. The effects of these interventions on motor and sensory functions, as well as spinal cord tissue repair, were subsequently evaluated.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The combination of NeuroD1 and Ngn2 overexpression with weight-supported exercise training significantly improved gait compared to either intervention alone. The group receiving the combined intervention exhibited enhanced sensitivity in sensory assessments. Immunofluorescence analysis revealed increased colocalization of astrocytes and microtubule-associated protein 2–positive neurons in the injury area. These effects were more pronounced than those observed with spinal cord tissue repair alone. Additionally, the combined intervention significantly reduced glial scarring and the size of the injury area.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Exercise intervention enhances the reprogramming effects of astrocytes and restores motor function, yielding better results than either intervention alone.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":93869,"journal":{"name":"Animal models and experimental medicine","volume":"8 4","pages":"595-605"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ame2.12545","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143026006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brassinin from Brassica campestris L. inhibits colorectal cancer by inducing p62/NRF2/GPX4-regulated ferroptosis.","authors":"Shi-Yuan Wen, Rui-Rui Gao, Yan-Yan Chen, Yi-Jie Wang, Xin-Tong Wang, Hai-Xin Liu","doi":"10.1002/ame2.12521","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ame2.12521","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Indole phytoalexins, plant-derived compounds present in cruciferous vegetables, have demonstrated anticancer properties. Brassinin (BSN), derived from Brassica campestris L. var. campestris, is known for its potent antitumor effects on various cancers. However, the role of ferroptosis in regulating the antitumor effects of BSN has not been fully elucidated.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The components of B. campestris L. against colorectal cancer (CRC) were analyzed by network pharmacology. CCK-8 assay and colony formation assay detected cell viability induced by BSN. Molecular docking verified the binding of BSN to the target protein. Western blot and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) assay revealed whether BSN can inactivate the NRF2 signaling and inhibit the expression of p62 and HO-1. The RKO-xenograft tumor models were established and then were treated by 75 or 150 mg/kg BSN to verify the antitumor efficacy and side effects of BSN.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Network pharmacology suggested that BSN is the most important component of B. campestris L. against CRC. BSN inhibits CRC cell viability in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Furthermore, this inhibitory effect is associated with the induction of ferroptosis, as BSN suppresses the cell viability of CRC by inducing GPX4-regulated ferroptosis. BSN may bind to NRF2 protein to inactivate the NRF2 signaling, inhibiting the expression of p62 and HO-1. Importantly, a low dose or a high dose of BSN significantly reduced the tumor growth in vivo.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings reveal that BSN blocks CRC growth by inducing p62/NRF2/GPX4-regulated ferroptosis, which may be a novel lead compound for tumor treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":93869,"journal":{"name":"Animal models and experimental medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143026002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Animal models of cisplatin-induced neuropathic pain.","authors":"Ningxin Li, Mingzhu Li, Shengbo Jin, Jun Yu, Hongzhe Wei, Wenping Wang, Siyao Ma, Yuxin Jiang, Qian Liu, Huini Yao","doi":"10.1002/ame2.12548","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ame2.12548","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cisplatin chemotherapy has been used as the main treatment for different types of cancer. However, cisplatin chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathic pain (CIPNP) seriously affects the treatment process and quality of life of patients. In addition, it impacts the underlying mechanism and prevention and treatment strategies, indicating that drug selection and efficacy evaluation need to be further investigated. Furthermore, an animal model that is more consistent with the pathological mechanism needs to be developed. In this study, we describe and discuss the methods of developing and detecting CIPNP models in rats and mice induced by cisplatin chemotherapy. The aim was to improve the modeling rate and develop animal models that are more consistent with the developmental pattern of the disease. In addition, the study provides ideal reference animal models for clinical research and drug discovery and development.</p>","PeriodicalId":93869,"journal":{"name":"Animal models and experimental medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143034885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early functional and structural hippocampal impairment in a bilateral common carotid artery stenosis mouse model","authors":"Ping Tang,&nbsp;Yi Sun,&nbsp;Chunsheng Yang,&nbsp;Nan Zhang","doi":"10.1002/ame2.12549","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ame2.12549","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Subcortical ischemic vascular dementia (SIVD) is a common subtype of vascular dementia. Currently, the bilateral common carotid artery stenosis (BCAS) mouse model is the most suitable SIVD rodent model. In this study, we investigated the functional and structural impairments in the hippocampus 1 month after BCAS.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We used behavioral tests, laser speckle flowmetry, long-term potentiation, histochemical staining, molecular experiments, and voxel-based morphometry to evaluate the hippocampal impairments.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Behavioral studies revealed that BCAS mice exhibited worse performance. Laser speckle flowmetry detected an obvious decrease in cerebral blood flow. The synaptic plasticity of the perforant path-dentate gyrus pathway was inhibited. Decreased fractional anisotropy and increased mean diffusivity were detected in the hippocampus via diffusion tensor imaging data. A reduction in gray matter volume, which was most prominent in the hippocampus and its surrounding areas, was detected via voxel-based morphometry analysis. Impairments in cell morphology and myelin integrity were validated using histochemical staining and molecular biology techniques. In addition, the numbers of GFAP⁺ astrocytes and Iba1⁺ microglia increased in the hippocampus.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Overall, our study demonstrates early functional and structural impairments in the hippocampus contributing to learning and memory deficits after 1 month of BCAS, indicating that the hippocampus is vulnerable to chronic cerebral ischemia.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":93869,"journal":{"name":"Animal models and experimental medicine","volume":"8 6","pages":"1033-1043"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ame2.12549","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143034888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectively simplified Adriamycin-induced chronic kidney disease mouse model: Retro-orbital vein injection versus tail-vein injection","authors":"Masaki Watanabe,&nbsp;Hayato R. Takimoto,&nbsp;Kazuki Hashimoto,&nbsp;Yuki Ishii,&nbsp;Nobuya Sasaki","doi":"10.1002/ame2.12553","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ame2.12553","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study aimed to investigate the impact of administration routes in establishing the Adriamycin (ADR)-induced chronic kidney disease (CKD) model. Using BALB/c mice, we compared the effects of conventional tail-vein injection (TV10, 10 mg/kg) to those of retro-orbital sinus (orbital vein) injection (OV10, 10 mg/kg; OV8, 8 mg/kg). The results indicated that the OV10 group exhibited CKD pathology similar to the TV10 group, with both groups demonstrating significantly higher urinary albumin/creatinine ratio (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05), tubular injury (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05), and degree of renal fibrosis (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) than the OV8 group. No significant differences were observed between the OV10 and TV10 groups in urinary albumin/creatinine ratio, tubular injury, and degree of renal fibrosis. These findings demonstrated that retro-orbital administration of 10 mg/kg ADR induces comparable effects to conventional tail-vein administration. This technique's technical simplicity may improve experimental efficiency, reproducibility, and animal welfare in CKD research. In conclusion, this study validates the utility of retro-orbital injection in CKD model establishment, demonstrating its potential to standardize and improve the reliability of future CKD research protocols.</p>","PeriodicalId":93869,"journal":{"name":"Animal models and experimental medicine","volume":"8 3","pages":"568-572"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ame2.12553","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143026008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Targeting signaling pathways in neurodegenerative diseases: Quercetin's cellular and molecular mechanisms for neuroprotection","authors":"Md. Rezaul Islam,&nbsp;Md. Ibrahim Khalil Al-Imran,&nbsp;Mehrukh Zehravi,&nbsp;Sherouk Hussein Sweilam,&nbsp;Mohammad Rakib Mortuza,&nbsp;Jeetendra Kumar Gupta,&nbsp;Thukani Sathanantham Shanmugarajan,&nbsp;Kadirvel Devi,&nbsp;Tanuja Tummala,&nbsp;Mohammed Ali Alshehri,&nbsp;Kalirajan Rajagopal,&nbsp;Mohammed Asiri,&nbsp;Irfan Ahmad,&nbsp;Talha Bin Emran","doi":"10.1002/ame2.12551","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ame2.12551","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs), including Alzheimer‘s disease, Parkinson‘s disease, and Huntington‘s disease, are complex and challenging due to their intricate pathophysiology and limited treatment options.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This review systematically sourced articles related to neurodegenerative diseases, neurodegeneration, quercetin, and clinical studies from primary medical databases, including Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Recent studies have included quercetin to impact the cellular and molecular pathways involved in neurodegeneration. Quercetin, a flavonoid abundant in vegetables and fruits, is gaining attention for its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic properties. It regulates signaling pathways such as nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), sirtuins, and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt). These pathways are essential for cellular survival, inflammation regulation, and apoptosis. Preclinical and clinical studies have shown that quercetin improves symptoms and pathology in neurodegenerative models, indicating promising outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study explores the potential of incorporating laboratory research into practical medical treatment, focusing on quercetin‘s neuroprotective effects on NDs and its optimal dosage.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":93869,"journal":{"name":"Animal models and experimental medicine","volume":"8 5","pages":"798-818"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ame2.12551","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143026014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}