Psychiatry international最新文献_第5页

“Verum Ipsum Factum”, Factum Ipsum Bellum: Death Drive or Driving towards Death?

Psychiatry international Pub Date : 2022-12-02 DOI: 10.3390/psychiatryint3040030

P. Girardi, Martina Nicole Modesti, A. Del Casale

引用次数: 0

Anxiety Sensitivity Social Concerns Predicts Electrodermal Activity during the Niacin Biological Challenge Paradigm 在烟酸生物挑战范式中，焦虑敏感性社会关注预测皮肤电活动

Psychiatry international Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.3390/psychiatryint3040028

Kevin G. Saulnier, Marija Volarov, Nicholas P. Allan

{"title":"Anxiety Sensitivity Social Concerns Predicts Electrodermal Activity during the Niacin Biological Challenge Paradigm","authors":"Kevin G. Saulnier, Marija Volarov, Nicholas P. Allan","doi":"10.3390/psychiatryint3040028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/psychiatryint3040028","url":null,"abstract":"Anxiety sensitivity social concerns (ASSC), or the fear of observable anxiety symptoms, is a risk factor for social anxiety. ASSC predicts anxiety following the niacin biological challenge, a paradigm in which niacin is used to manipulate facial flushing during a speech task. However, it remains unclear if ASSC predicts physiological arousal during this task. The current study was designed to examine the effects of ASSC on self-reported distress and electrodermal activity (EDA) during the niacin biological challenge in a sample of undergraduates (N = 36; M age = 18.9, SD = 0.84; 69.4% female). Participants were randomly assigned to one of four conditions in a 2 (100 mg niacin vs. 100 mg sugar) × 2 (instructional set) design. Participants completed a speech task in a virtual reality environment. Participants rated their distress halfway through the speech and EDA was averaged over four intervals. There was a main effect for ASSC on subjective distress. There was a significant ASSC by condition interaction predicting EDA, in that ASSC was related to EDA only in the niacin condition. ASSC also was more strongly related to EDA anticipating the speech. These findings highlight the role of ASSC in predicting anxiety and physiological arousal.","PeriodicalId":93808,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry international","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46047618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Development and Reliability of a Questionnaire Assessing Stress, Coping, and Empathy (SCOPE) in Occupational Settings: Preliminary Evidence from Veterinarians 职业环境中压力、应对和共情(SCOPE)评估问卷的开发和可靠性:来自兽医的初步证据

Psychiatry international Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.3390/psychiatryint3040029

G. Di Gennaro, Y. Pigaiani, Anastasia Zocca, M. Balestrieri, M. Colizzi

{"title":"Development and Reliability of a Questionnaire Assessing Stress, Coping, and Empathy (SCOPE) in Occupational Settings: Preliminary Evidence from Veterinarians","authors":"G. Di Gennaro, Y. Pigaiani, Anastasia Zocca, M. Balestrieri, M. Colizzi","doi":"10.3390/psychiatryint3040029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/psychiatryint3040029","url":null,"abstract":"Workplaces can be associated with occupational stress, detrimental consequences in terms of loss of health and reduced psychosocial well-being. Importantly, employees may be particularly at risk of poorer well-being during times of adversity at work, when not able to apply adaptive coping strategies and adopt a more empathetic approach. This study aimed to develop a scale to estimate occupational stress both in terms of situational and individual components, by performing item selection, internal reliability assessment, and investigation of the ceiling/floor effect. The target population consisted of veterinarians (n = 116), based on evidence of high risk of occupational stress and related mental distress. Out of twenty initial candidate entries, exploratory factor analysis retained fifteen items consisting of three domains related to occupational stress, copying strategies, and empathy (SCOPE). The SCOPE scale demonstrated good internal consistency as a whole (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.79) and when considering the three subscales (stress, 0.85; coping, 0.77; and empathy, 0.71). On a possible range from 15 (worst adjustment) to 75 (best adjustment), the sample mean performance was 51.68 (SD, 8.50). Preliminary evidence indicated that the SCOPE questionnaire may reveal differential effects of type of work on levels of occupational stress and related coping and empathy skills.","PeriodicalId":93808,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry international","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44308101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An Overlapping Presentation of Hypoglycemia and Catatonia—A Case Report and Literature Review 低血糖和强直的重叠表现——病例报告和文献复习

Psychiatry international Pub Date : 2022-11-18 DOI: 10.3390/psychiatryint3040027

E. Mader, S. Brikman, G. Dori, Or Sagi, A. Pinkhasov

引用次数: 0

Strategies from A Multi-National Sample of Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT) Services: Managing Anesthesia for ECT during the COVID-19 Pandemic 电休克治疗（ECT）服务多国样本的策略：新冠肺炎大流行期间电休克治疗的麻醉管理

Psychiatry international Pub Date : 2022-11-03 DOI: 10.3390/psychiatryint3040026

S. Sarma, G. Branjerdporn, L. Mccosker, Sean Kenworthy, Leanne Ryan, V. Dong, D. Martin, Halia O’Shea, C. Loo

{"title":"Strategies from A Multi-National Sample of Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT) Services: Managing Anesthesia for ECT during the COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"S. Sarma, G. Branjerdporn, L. Mccosker, Sean Kenworthy, Leanne Ryan, V. Dong, D. Martin, Halia O’Shea, C. Loo","doi":"10.3390/psychiatryint3040026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/psychiatryint3040026","url":null,"abstract":"Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is important in the management of severe, treatment-resistant, and life-threatening psychiatric illness. Anesthesia supports the clinical efficacy and tolerability of ECT. The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly disrupted ECT services, including anesthesia. This study documents strategies for managing ECT anesthesia during the pandemic. Data were collected between March and November 2021, using a mixed-methods, cross-sectional, electronic survey. Clinical directors in ECT services, their delegates, and anesthetists worldwide participated. One hundred and twelve participants provided quantitative responses to the survey. Of these, 23.4% were anesthetists, and the remainder were ECT clinical directors. Most participants were from Australia, New Zealand, North America, and Europe. Most were located in a public hospital, in a metropolitan region, and in a ‘medium/high-risk’ COVID-19 hotspot. Half of the participants reported their services made changes to ECT anesthetic technique during the pandemic. Services introduced strategies associated with anesthetic induction, ventilation, use of laryngeal mask airways, staffing, medications, plastic barriers to separate staff from patients, and the location of extubation and recovery. This is the first multi-national, mixed-methods study to investigate ECT anesthesia practices during the COVID-19 pandemic. The results are vital to inform practice during the next waves of COVID-19 infection, ensuring patients continue to receive ECT.","PeriodicalId":93808,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry international","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43722195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Social Media Addiction and Fear of War in Germany 社交媒体成瘾与德国对战争的恐惧

Psychiatry international Pub Date : 2022-11-02 DOI: 10.3390/psychiatryint3040025

A. Hajek, B. Kretzler, H. König

{"title":"Social Media Addiction and Fear of War in Germany","authors":"A. Hajek, B. Kretzler, H. König","doi":"10.3390/psychiatryint3040025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/psychiatryint3040025","url":null,"abstract":"Individuals with an excessive use of social media may be frequently exposed to stimuli, such as (fake) news or images of violence, which might lead to a higher fear of war. Therefore, the objective of this study is to examine the association between a social media addiction and fear of war (conventional war and nuclear war) in Germany. Data were taken from a nationally representative survey with n = 3091 participants (18 to 74 years; data collection in mid-March 2022). Social media addiction was quantified using the validated Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale. Moreover, established items were used to quantify a fear of war. Medium differences (in terms of Cohen’s d) were identified regarding the fear of war between individuals without a social media addiction and individuals with a social media addiction. Adjusting for several covariates, the regressions revealed that individuals with a social media addiction had a higher fear of war compared to individuals without a social media addiction (fear of a conventional war: β = 0.44, p < 0.01; fear of a nuclear war: β = 0.61, p < 0.001). In conclusion, our study demonstrated an association between a social media addiction and fear of war.","PeriodicalId":93808,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry international","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48904440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

The Emotional Resources Group: A Mixed Methods Practice-Based Study of a Transdiagnostic Emotion Regulation Group Intervention 情绪资源组:跨诊断情绪调节组干预的混合方法实践研究

Psychiatry international Pub Date : 2022-10-21 DOI: 10.3390/psychiatryint3040024

Rebekah Moore, D. Gillanders, S. Stuart

{"title":"The Emotional Resources Group: A Mixed Methods Practice-Based Study of a Transdiagnostic Emotion Regulation Group Intervention","authors":"Rebekah Moore, D. Gillanders, S. Stuart","doi":"10.3390/psychiatryint3040024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/psychiatryint3040024","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: This study aimed to understand if the emotional resource group (ERG), a transdiagnostic group intervention, significantly improved emotion regulation (ER) in the short and long term. Methods: Participants completed pre- and post-measures of emotional regulation, psychological distress, wellbeing, self-efficacy and confidence in managing mental health problems. Measures were repeated at three and six months post intervention. 14 participants completed a qualitative interview. Results: ER ability and secondary measures improved following the intervention, but the improvement was not maintained over the three and six month follow-up period. From the themes identified through thematic analysis, the ERG was part of a wider process of learning and change for most participants. Participants described changes in awareness, and implementation of new skills to manage their emotional difficulties. Conclusion: Overall the ERG was a positive experience for most participants, providing improvements in ER and other aspects of mental health. However, it is unclear if these improvements are sustained in the longer term. There may be many reasons for this, including fidelity to the ERG model and the short-term nature of the group. The ERG should be considered an option for participants with ER difficulties and further intervention should be offered when the ERG ends.","PeriodicalId":93808,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry international","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44794963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Fusion of Clinical and Lived Experiences of Psychosis: Lessons Learned and Implications for Future Clinical Teaching 精神病临床与生活经验的融合:经验教训及对未来临床教学的启示

Psychiatry international Pub Date : 2022-10-12 DOI: 10.3390/psychiatryint3040023

M. Norton, Mia McLaughlin

引用次数: 0

Bi-Directional Associations of Affective States and Diet among Low-Income Hispanic Pregnant Women Using Ecological Momentary Assessment 使用生态瞬时评估的低收入西班牙裔孕妇情感状态与饮食的双向关联

Psychiatry international Pub Date : 2022-10-08 DOI: 10.3390/psychiatryint3040022

Tyler B. Mason, Wei-Lin Wang, T. Bastain, S. O’Connor, J. Cabison, Christine H. Naya, D. Chu, S. Eckel, R. Habre, C. Breton, G. Dunton

{"title":"Bi-Directional Associations of Affective States and Diet among Low-Income Hispanic Pregnant Women Using Ecological Momentary Assessment","authors":"Tyler B. Mason, Wei-Lin Wang, T. Bastain, S. O’Connor, J. Cabison, Christine H. Naya, D. Chu, S. Eckel, R. Habre, C. Breton, G. Dunton","doi":"10.3390/psychiatryint3040022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/psychiatryint3040022","url":null,"abstract":"Affective states play a role in dietary behaviors. Yet, little research has studied within-subjects associations between affect and diet during pregnancy. We examined the acute bidirectional relationships between affect and food intake and moderation by pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) in low-income, Hispanic pregnant women using ecological momentary assessment (EMA). Women (N = 57) completed four days of EMA during their first trimester. Women responded to five random prompts per day about their current affect and past two-hour food intake. Higher positive affect (PA) or lower negative affect (NA) predicted greater likelihood of fruit/vegetable consumption in the next two hours in women with lower pre-pregnancy BMI and lower likelihood in women with higher pre-pregnancy BMI. Higher PA predicted less likelihood of fast food consumption in the next two hours in women with lower pre-pregnancy BMI and slightly higher likelihood in women with higher pre-pregnancy BMI. Women with lower pre-pregnancy BMI had higher PA when they reported consuming chips/fries in the past two hours, and women with higher pre-pregnancy BMI had lower PA when they reported consumption of chips/fries in the past two hours. Results showed differential relationships between affect and food intake as a function of pre-pregnancy BMI.","PeriodicalId":93808,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry international","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41934068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Geriatric Neurosurgery in High-Income Developing Countries: A Sultanate of Oman Experience 高收入发展中国家的老年神经外科：阿曼苏丹国的经验

Psychiatry international Pub Date : 2022-09-25 DOI: 10.3390/psychiatryint3040021

T. Al-Saadi, Abdulrahman Al-Mirza, Omar Al-Taei, H. Al-Saadi

{"title":"Geriatric Neurosurgery in High-Income Developing Countries: A Sultanate of Oman Experience","authors":"T. Al-Saadi, Abdulrahman Al-Mirza, Omar Al-Taei, H. Al-Saadi","doi":"10.3390/psychiatryint3040021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/psychiatryint3040021","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and characteristics of geriatric neurosurgical conditions in the Neurosurgical Department at Khoula Hospital (KH), Muscat, Sultanate of Oman. The majority of various neurosurgical conditions is increasing in elderly patients, which leads to an increase in neurosurgical demand. The aging population has a direct effect on hospital decision-making in neurosurgery. However, limited data are available to assess geriatric neurosurgery in developing countries. A retrospective chart review of geriatric cases admitted to the Neurosurgery Department in KH served as our example of a neurosurgical center in a high-income developing country from January 2016 to 31st December 2019. Patients’ demographics, risk factors, diagnosis, Glasgow Coma Scale on arrival, treatment types, and length of stay were recorded. A total of 669 patients who were above the age of 65 years were recruited into our retrospective review. The mean age was 73.34 years in the overall cohort and the male-to-female ratio was (1.6:1). The most common diagnostic category was trauma, which accounted for 35.4% followed by oncology and vascular (16.3% each). Hydrocephalus accounted for 3.7% of the admissions. Most of the patients underwent surgical interventions (73.1%). The associations were significant between the treatment types (surgical vs. conservative), Length of Stay, and the GCS on arrival (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the trend of geriatric neurosurgery is increasing in developing countries. The most common reason for admission to the neurosurgical ward was Traumatic Brain Injury. Special care must be taken when dealing with geriatric neurosurgical cases and a more holistic approach is needed.","PeriodicalId":93808,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry international","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43924639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0