Journal of chromatography open最新文献

{"title":"Characterization of double bond position in free fatty acids of human sebum","authors":"Alice Telle ,&nbsp;Giulia Mastromatteo ,&nbsp;Miriam Maiellaro,&nbsp;Lorenzo Sciuto,&nbsp;Grazia Bottillo,&nbsp;Emanuela Camera","doi":"10.1016/j.jcoa.2025.100265","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcoa.2025.100265","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Free fatty acids (FFAs) are essential components of skin surface lipids (SSLs), which consist of a blend of epidermal and sebaceous lipids. The sebum component of SSLs is abundant in seborrheic body areas, which are rich in sebaceous glands (SGs). Sebum FFAs exhibit unique characteristics, including a prevalence of C14-C18 chain lengths, terminal branching, and a double bond at the Δ6 position. Notably, over one-third of the sebaceous FAs contain a single double bond. Deregulated synthesis of monounsaturated FAs (MUFAs) can lead to changes in sebum composition, which contribute to the pathogenesis of inflammatory skin conditions such as acne vulgaris, rosacea, psoriasis, and seborrheic dermatitis. A comprehensive characterization of the different isomers of unbound MUFAs distinguished by the position of the carbon-carbon double bond, has not been achieved in human sebum. Therefore, we aimed to develop an analytical strategy to differentiate the various carbon-carbon double bond positions in FFAs. Our methodology combines the Paternò-Büchi reaction, utilizing 2-acpy, with liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). This strategy was initially optimized on standard FFAs and subsequently applied to human sebum. The method enabled the characterization of seventeen MUFAs with C14-C18 chain lengths and two C18 polyunsaturated FAs, namely linoleic and sebaleic acid. The prevalence of sapienic acid (C16:1n-10) among MUFAs supports the dominance of the Δ6 desaturation pathway catalyzed by the FADS2 enzyme in human SG. Additionally, the assay proved comparable abundance of MUFAs and PUFAs in sebum from males and females.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93576,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chromatography open","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100265"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145219050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simultaneous analysis of sulfolane and BTEX in rock samples by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry","authors":"Merrik Kobarfard ,&nbsp;Jennie Hansson ,&nbsp;Beth Parker ,&nbsp;Tadeusz Górecki","doi":"10.1016/j.jcoa.2025.100264","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcoa.2025.100264","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sulfolane is a water-miscible industrial solvent that has been widely utilized in various industries. Once released into the environment, it can infiltrate fractured rock structures in groundwater zones, leading to long-term contamination. Benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes (collectively known as BTEX) are commonly associated with sulfolane in the petrochemical industry. The presence and mobility of sulfolane can influence the distribution and transport behavior of BTEX at contaminated sites. Therefore, simultaneous analysis and monitoring of these compounds are crucial for understanding the source and fate of contamination.</div><div>In this study, a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS) method was developed and validated for the simultaneous quantitation of sulfolane and BTEX in rock samples. To address the slow release of sulfolane observed in certain samples when left in methanol and to facilitate rapid analysis, a microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) method was optimized for sample preparation. Analysis of spiked samples yielded recoveries of 86 % to 115 % for the various analytes, with relative standard deviations of up to 7.9 %. The validated method was then applied to rock samples collected from a contaminated site in central Alberta, Canada. All analyzed samples were contaminated with toluene. Only one sample was found to be contaminated with sulfolane. Ethylbenzene, <em>o-</em>xylene, <em>m</em>/<em>p-</em>xylene and benzene were detected in 82 %, 44 %, 40 %, and 4 % of the samples, respectively. Although the concentrations of these contaminants were all below the Alberta Tier 1 Soil Remediation Guidelines, the sampling covered only a limited depth. Therefore, additional sampling and investigation are necessary to conclusively determine the status of persistent contamination at the site.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93576,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chromatography open","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100264"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145219109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Orthogonality of separation and sorbent evaluation in offline multidimensional peptide fractionation using automated positive pressure micro solid phase extraction","authors":"Renata Biba ,&nbsp;Karla Košpić ,&nbsp;Blaž Ivšić ,&nbsp;Lucija Vujević ,&nbsp;Amela Hozić ,&nbsp;Marijana Erk ,&nbsp;Irena Đapić ,&nbsp;Mario Cindrić","doi":"10.1016/j.jcoa.2025.100262","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcoa.2025.100262","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Micro solid-phase extraction (µSPE) is a simple and efficient method for peptide separation, purification, and fractionation prior to mass spectrometry (MS) in bottom-up proteomics workflows. Here, we introduce a positive-pressure (PP)-µSPE platform for offline multidimensional peptide fractionation. Six one-dimensional (1D) fractionation protocols were optimized at low pH reversed-phase (RP), high pH RP, strong cation exchange (SCX), hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB), quaternary methyl-ammonium (QMA), and mixed strong anion exchange/reversed-phase (MAX) using bovine serum albumin (BSA) tryptic peptides. Each protocol yielded six fractions, which were evaluated by peptide size, isoelectric point, and hydrophilicity. Peptide fractions were separated on nano-C18 RP column and analyzed by nanoESI-QTOF-MS, and fractionation performance was subsequently evaluated for each fractionation mode. The data were then paired to quantify orthogonality in projected multidimensional fractionation by employing information theory. QMA yielded the highest entropy, indicating the greatest peptide dispersion in 1D. Conversely, high pH RP fractionation had the lowest entropy and led to increased peptide modification and aggregation, compromising downstream analysis. Joint entropy and mutual information analysis identified the most orthogonal pairings (QMA–low pH RP, MAX–QMA, HLB–QMA) and highlighted redundancy among methods sharing similar separation mechanisms. Workflow’s practical utility was demonstrated on the fragment antigen-binding part of Cetuximab, where QMA fractionation enabled identification of a previously undetected heavy chain peptide, achieving complete sequence coverage. These results demonstrate that PP-µSPE enables repeatable and combinable peptide fractionation across diverse sorbents and complex proteins, and supports targeted workflows by facilitating selective peptide isolation based on their physicochemical properties, streamlining experimental design in multidimensional proteomic analyses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93576,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chromatography open","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100262"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145218999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated size- and composition analysis of nanoplastics by hyphenating hydrodynamic chromatography to pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry","authors":"Brian R. van ‘t Veer ,&nbsp;Jasper P.H. Smeets ,&nbsp;Clementina Vitali ,&nbsp;Anna K. Undas ,&nbsp;Sander Affourtit ,&nbsp;Hans-Gerd Janssen","doi":"10.1016/j.jcoa.2025.100261","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcoa.2025.100261","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To understand the health impact of micro- and nanoplastics (MNPs), methods to quantify the levels of the various particle size ranges as well as techniques to chemically characterize them are needed. Current analytical strategies largely focus either on the size or the chemical composition of these MNPs, without correlating the two. A novel hyphenated method is presented that combines hydrodynamic chromatography (HDC) with pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (Py–GC–MS) for integrated size- and composition characterization. Because HDC does not use membranes or stationary phases, the need for mobile phase additives is significantly reduced, simplifying combination with Py–GC–MS identification. In the newly developed method, the effluent of the HDC size separation is fractionated and individual fractions are subjected to Py–GC–MS identification. Introduction of the fractions and subsequent pyrolysis is done using a programmable temperature vaporization (PTV) inlet. The PTV introduction step employs a three-stage temperature program: an initial low-temperature hold for water removal, followed by an additive-removal step at moderate temperature, and finally a treatment at high temperature to pyrolyze the MNPs. The PTV Py–GC–MS method showed a good performance in the analysis of various plastics including PET, PA12, PTFE, PTHF and PE. For other plastics like PAN, PVDC and PVC the identification capability of the method was also good, but quantification was compromised by partial losses of the material during additive removal. Application of the HDC–Py–GC–MS method to a PS nanoplastic mixture, as well as to a representative industrial acrylate/styrene nanoplastic sample, highlighted the method’s potential for correlating size and chemical composition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93576,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chromatography open","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100261"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145158054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New analytical challenges in characterization of antibody-drug conjugates","authors":"Erika Maria Ricci ,&nbsp;Enrico Dainese ,&nbsp;Vincenzo De Laurenzi ,&nbsp;Giulio Lovato ,&nbsp;Gianluca Sala ,&nbsp;Marcello Locatelli ,&nbsp;Miryam Perrucci","doi":"10.1016/j.jcoa.2025.100260","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcoa.2025.100260","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Since 1913, when Paul Ehrlich introduced the concept of “selective toxicity”, new strategies to obtain quality control, quantification of the drug were mandatory. For this reason, the introduction of antibody drug conjugates (ADC) has shown many critical points, being these systems made of small- and high-molecular weight compounds. Being ADCs a novelty for showing therapeutic action, they were subjected to a grow up in studies. There are in literature several approaches to follow ADCs for <em>in vivo</em> and <em>in vitro</em> studies because type of conjugation, release of the drug, and body-distribution are characteristic for each of them, resulting in many critical steps.</div><div>Liquid chromatography (LC) and capillary electrophoresis (CE) are the most common analytical technique used in order to obtain the aim. For the characterization of ADCs, there are several chromatographic techniques. HPLC finds application in both small and large molecules, related to the availability of various modes of separation (reversed-phase, size exclusion, ion exchange, mixed-mode etc.). Capillary electrophoresis (CE) finds its main application in large molecule therapeutics, where its electrophoretic separation mechanism offers a distinct, and often superior, separation of macromolecules compared to classic chromatographic techniques. Several modes of CE, including capillary electrophoresis sodium dodecyl sulphate (CE-SDS), capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE), and capillary isoelectric focusing (CIEF) or imaged capillary isoelectric focusing (iCIEF) are commonly utilized in characterization of the critical quality attributes (CQAs) of monoclonal antibody drugs such as charge variants, size variants, and positional isomers/purity etc.</div><div>In this review, analytical methods for physicochemical characterization of ADCs will be reported and analysed in order to highlight as the chromatographic procedures allow obtaining a complete ADCs evaluation and characterization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93576,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chromatography open","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100260"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145158055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interaction properties and separation potential of zwitterionic stationary phases in hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography","authors":"Zuzana Vosáhlová ,&nbsp;Jana Poláchová ,&nbsp;Jiří Svoboda ,&nbsp;Michal Kohout ,&nbsp;Květa Kalíková","doi":"10.1016/j.jcoa.2025.100258","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcoa.2025.100258","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Two commercially available zwitterionic columns, one diol-based column and two newly developed experimental zwitterionic columns for hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) were characterized and compared in terms of their interaction abilities. The novel HILIC columns offer mixed-mode cation-exchange and anion-exchange interactions together with minor hydrophobic contribution of alkyl spacers between the units.</div><div>Tanaka testing protocol, which provides complex information about column retentivity, hydrophobicity, hydrophilicity and cation/anion-exchange characters was performed. The results revealed the differences between individual zwitterionic stationary phases and clear predominance of cation-exchange character over anion-exchange character was observed for all tested columns. The measurements at different pH at various buffer salt concentrations revealed that the predominance of negative charge on the stationary phase surface occurs at pH 4.7 and higher (probably due to the dissociation of residual silanols). At lower pH (pH 3.0) the anion-exchange mechanism also applies. The cation-exchange character (applying across the whole pH range) has been further studied using other simple chromatographic tests and compared with &gt;20 other commercially available columns. The application potential of all the tested columns was verified for analysis of tryptophan and its derivatives and also for cytochrome C tryptic digests.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93576,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chromatography open","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100258"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145104205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research advances in sample pretreatment techniques for pesticide residues","authors":"Jiarong Cui ,&nbsp;Fengshou Dong","doi":"10.1016/j.jcoa.2025.100259","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcoa.2025.100259","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pesticide residue analysis is fundamental to food safety and environmental protection, where sample pretreatment critically determines detection accuracy. This review examines the evolution from traditional methods (Soxhlet extraction, liquid-liquid extraction) to contemporary mainstream technologies (solid-phase extraction, QuEChERS, microextraction), and explores future prospects. Modern techniques like microextraction (SPME, DLLME) and magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE) have significantly enhanced efficiency while reducing solvent consumption by 90–95 %. The QuEChERS methodology has become the gold standard for multiresidue analysis in complex matrices. Future advancements focus on the miniaturization of analytical systems, suitable greener methodologies, and the development of advanced techniques for complex matrices and ultra-trace analysis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93576,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chromatography open","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100259"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145158056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enantiomeric separation of 1-methyl-tryptophan on a mixed-mode stationary phase via pre-column derivatization and in vivo assessment of chiral inversion in rats","authors":"Mayu Onozato,&nbsp;Syuntei Fu,&nbsp;Tomoya Takaura,&nbsp;Tatsuya Sakamoto,&nbsp;Takeshi Fukushima","doi":"10.1016/j.jcoa.2025.100257","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcoa.2025.100257","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>1-Methyl-<span>d</span>-tryptophan (<span>d</span>-MT) is an inhibitor of the tryptophan (Trp)-catabolizing enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO). <span>d</span>-MT has been used in studies on Trp metabolism inhibition and as a concomitant drug with antitumor agents. In this study, we investigated the enantiomeric separation of <span>d</span>-MT and its enantiomer, <span>l</span>-MT, via LC-MS/MS following pre-column derivatization with succinimidyl 2-(3-((benzyloxy)carbonyl)-1-methyl-5-oxoimidazolidin-4-yl) acetate ((<em>R</em>)-CIMa-OSu). Consequently, the use of a mixed-mode stationary phase, Scherzo^Ⓡ SM-C18, provided a separation factor (<em>α</em>) of 1.44 and a resolution (<em>R</em>_s) of 6.14, with both values being higher than those obtained with a reversed-phase column (<em>α</em>: 1.29, <em>R</em>_s: 2.69). Using the proposed LC-MS/MS method, the time-course profiles of plasma <span>d</span>-MT concentrations in rats administered <span>d</span>-MT were investigated. Consequently, a chiral inversion of <span>d</span>-MT to <span>l</span>-MT was observed in rats administered <span>d</span>-MT, whereas no inversion of <span>l</span>-MT to <span>d</span>-MT was observed in rats administered <span>l</span>-MT. The involvement of <span>d</span>-amino acid oxidase (DAO) in the chiral inversion of <span>d</span>-MT to <span>l</span>-MT was suggested, as pre-administration of DAO inhibitors significantly increased the <span>d</span>-MT concentrations in rat plasma.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93576,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chromatography open","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100257"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145157315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enantioselective capillary electrophoresis with sulfated cyclodextrins for monitoring ketamine and its metabolites in biosamples and its application to assess metabolic steps and kinetic parameters","authors":"Wolfgang Thormann","doi":"10.1016/j.jcoa.2025.100256","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcoa.2025.100256","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sulfated cyclodextrin based enantioselective capillary electrophoresis for the monitoring of the stereoisomers of ketamine and its metabolites norketamine, 5,6-dehydronorketamine and hydroxynorketamine in biosamples is reviewed. A survey of reported assays with their specifications is presented together with their limitations in terms of distinguishing between the various hydroxynorketamine stereoisomers formed in vitro and in vivo. Applications discussed include (i) the identification of single cytochrome P450 enzymes that are involved in the various metabolic steps in humans, equines and canines, (ii) the assessment of the metabolic patterns present after incubation of ketamine or norketamine with liver microsomes of different species, (iii) the quantitation of an in vitro metabolic step in absence and presence of an inhibitor, (iv) the monitoring of the stereoisomers of ketamine and its metabolites in urine, plasma, cerebrospinal fluid, brain and hair, and (v) the pharmacokinetics of ketamine and norketamine enantiomers after bolus application, target control infusion or low-dose, subanesthetic constant rate infusion of racemic ketamine and S-ketamine to equines and canines. The reviewed metabolic ketamine work assessed by enantioselective capillary electrophoresis provides insight into the stereoselectivity of the metabolic pathways of ketamine and improved infusion, anesthetic and antinociceptive application schemes of racemic ketamine and S-ketamine in veterinary medicine.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93576,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chromatography open","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100256"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145049343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An analytical methodology for the quantitative profiling of fat-soluble antioxidants in maternal blood, umbilical cord blood and meconium","authors":"Carmela Maria Montone ,&nbsp;Nina Felli ,&nbsp;Massimo Giuseppe De Cesaris ,&nbsp;Lorenzo Antonelli ,&nbsp;Tecla Gasperi ,&nbsp;Maria Bianchi ,&nbsp;Patrizia Papacci ,&nbsp;Luciana Teofili ,&nbsp;Salvatore Fanali ,&nbsp;Alessandra Gentili","doi":"10.1016/j.jcoa.2025.100253","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcoa.2025.100253","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The determination of fat-soluble antioxidants represents a significant analytical challenge, particularly when dealing with biological matrices available only in limited quantities, such as those collected from preterm infants. This paper presents the development, validation, and application of a multianalyte high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) method for the determination of 21 fat-soluble antioxidants (including vitamins and carotenoids) in meconium, cord plasma, and maternal plasma samples. All the analytes were separated by non-aqueous reversed phase chromatography, detected by atmospheric pressure chemical ionization, acquiring in Scheduled/Multiple Reaction Monitoring mode to improve sensitivity. Their extraction was performed with hexane, after protein precipitation with cold ethanol, followed by a “lipid freezing” clean-up. Recoveries ranged between 63 and 100 % with relative standard deviations ≤ 18 %. For all matrices, limits of detection and lower limits of quantitation were in the ppb and ppm-ppb range, respectively. The developed approach enabled the study of the distribution of 21 fat-soluble antioxidants, which play a protective role against oxidative stress at various levels within the human body. To better interpret the data obtained from an unconventional matrix such as meconium, the results were compared with those from cord plasma and maternal plasma, revealing, in most cases, a common trend across the 24 cases under study.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93576,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chromatography open","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100253"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145010210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}