Energy nexus最新文献

{"title":"Unraveling the crop yield response under shading conditions through the deployment of a drought index: A meta-analysis","authors":"Sultan Tekie ,&nbsp;Sebastian Zainali ,&nbsp;Tekai Eddine Khalil Zidane ,&nbsp;Silvia Ma Lu ,&nbsp;Mohammed Guezgouz ,&nbsp;Jie Zhang ,&nbsp;Stefano Amaducci ,&nbsp;Christian Dupraz ,&nbsp;Pietro Elia Campana","doi":"10.1016/j.nexus.2025.100523","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nexus.2025.100523","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Extensive meta-analyses have examined the effects of shading on vegetation growth and Crop Yields (CY) in Agrivoltaic (AV) systems. These studies have demonstrated a strong relationship between shading and crop performance. Certain varieties, such as Berries and Leafy Vegetables, thrive under shaded conditions, while Forage Crops remain largely unaffected. Conversely, other crops, including C3 Cereals, Grain Legumes, Fruits, and Root Crops, experience reduced yields when exposed to shade. Previous meta-analyses often neglected environmental factors such as temperature, evapotranspiration, and precipitation when evaluating the effects of shading on CY, making it difficult to fully understand how shading influences crop performance. This study seeks to address this research gap by integrating a drought index, the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI), for an improved meta-analysis on shading and CY across various crops. SPEI, encompassing information on potential evapotranspiration and precipitation is an effective indicator of moisture availability and accessible worldwide at a reasonable temporal and spatial resolution. Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) techniques are used to analyze various crop categories. From a policy perspective, the MLR models developed in this study can help policymakers make more accurate assessments of the impact of AV systems deployment on CY at both national and regional levels.</div><div>The results of the MLR models, both with and without the inclusion of the SPEI, were compared to evaluate the impact of shading on determining CY under different environmental conditions. Incorporating SPEI into the MLR models improved performance metrics across all crop categories with adequate sample sizes. The least improvement was observed for Fruits, with a marginal 0.01 gain in coeffiecient of determination (R²), while the most substantial improvement was seen in Berries, with a 0.32 increase. The analysis was reinforced by uncertainty quantification, which demonstrated that the predictability of CY improves when SPEI was included, as supported by a 95 % confidence level. In all crop categories, the MLR model exhibited increased certainty when SPEI was considered, compared to using shading alone as a determinant for CY in the uncertainty analysis. A minor improvement of 13 % was observed in Forage Crops, while a significant increase of 47 % was noted in Root Crops.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93548,"journal":{"name":"Energy nexus","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100523"},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145026514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vertical agrivoltaics in a temperate climate: Exploring technical, agricultural, meteorological, and social dimensions","authors":"Marta Victoria ,&nbsp;Johannes Wilhelmus Maria Pullens ,&nbsp;Gabriele Torma ,&nbsp;Magnus Kamau Katana Lindhardt ,&nbsp;Kamran Ali Khan Niazi ,&nbsp;Maryam Rahimi Jahangirlou ,&nbsp;Yannick Valentin El Khoury ,&nbsp;Jessica Aschemann-Witzel ,&nbsp;Carl-Otto Ottosen ,&nbsp;Uffe Jørgensen","doi":"10.1016/j.nexus.2025.100526","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nexus.2025.100526","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The combined use of land for agriculture and photovoltaic electricity production (agrivoltaics) could be a strategy to capture benefits for both crops and solar panels. Here, we investigated an 89-kW pilot system comprising vertically mounted and south-oriented tilted bifacial solar panels in Denmark (latitude 56.5⁰). Variables including microclimate and electricity production were measured for one year, together with the yield of wheat and grass-clover mixture grown between the rows of solar panels. Both vertical and tilted agrivoltaic systems result in a positive land equivalent ratio, that is, for the same output they use less land area than would be required if the crops and the solar panels were on different lands. The vertical solar panels acted as wind shelters and their daily profile for electricity generation matches electricity demand better. In addition, our social acceptance study highlights that vertical agrivoltaic systems were perceived more positively than conventional solar panels. Our results offer a strategy for the sustainable integration of solar electricity generation and agriculture in temperate climates.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93548,"journal":{"name":"Energy nexus","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100526"},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145018298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of plot size and farm size on crop production: Evidence from mechanization and labor input perspectives","authors":"Wang Hao ,&nbsp;Xiangdong Hu ,&nbsp;Gang Wu ,&nbsp;Zhenxing Zhang ,&nbsp;Mengyu Cai ,&nbsp;Hui Zhou ,&nbsp;Xianwu Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.nexus.2025.100530","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nexus.2025.100530","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Promoting large-scale farmland operations has been widely regarded as a key strategy to enhance agricultural productivity and increase farmers' income in the process of agricultural modernization. However, the mechanisms and marginal effects of scale remain contested. This study examines both plot size and farm size, using micro-level data from 1415 maize-growing households across seven provinces in the China Rural Revitalization Survey organized by the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences. We construct regression models incorporating nonlinear terms and mechanism variables to systematically evaluate the effects of these two dimensions of land scale on per-unit yield, mechanization adoption, and labor input. The findings reveal a significant U-shaped relationship between plot size and maize yield: while extremely small plots may confer limited output advantages, yield generally increases with larger plot sizes, reflecting scale-driven efficiency gains. In contrast, farm size exhibits an inverted U-shaped relationship with yield: moderate-scale operations improve efficiency, but excessively large farm sizes reduce productivity due to increased management burdens. Plot size plays a decisive role in mechanization adoption, whereas expansion in farm size primarily enhances mechanization in sowing, fertilizing, and harvesting stages. Regarding labor input, fragmented plots significantly increase the intensity of household labor, while a moderate farm size helps reduce labor input per unit of land. This study suggests that promoting farmland consolidation and moderate-scale operations, along with optimizing plot configurations and organizational structures, represents an effective pathway for improving mechanization efficiency, reducing labor costs, and advancing agricultural modernization. The results provide empirical support and policy insights for the coordinated development of \"scale + mechanization\" in agriculture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93548,"journal":{"name":"Energy nexus","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100530"},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144923026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of microwave irradiation on the thermophysical and energy storage properties of MXene-Ag-Syzygium cumini dye nanofluids for solar distillation","authors":"Nashmi H. Alrasheedi ,&nbsp;Padamata Varshini ,&nbsp;Afam Uzorka ,&nbsp;S. Shanmugan","doi":"10.1016/j.nexus.2025.100525","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nexus.2025.100525","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This investigation delves into the profound influence of microwave electromagnetic radiation on the thermophysical attributes and enthalpic energy storage (ΔH_es) capabilities of novel MXene (T) - silver (Ag) - Syzygium cumini dye (SC) (Ti₃C₂Tx/Ag/SC – TASC) nanofluids, specifically engineered for augmenting the performance of single slope basin solar stills (SBS). Nanofluids were meticulously formulated at various volumetric concentrations of with and without TASC (0% (without TASC), 10%, 20%, and 30%) and subsequently subjected to precisely calibrated microwave exposure. We rigorously characterized TASC nanofluid thermophysical properties (thermal conductivity (λ), specific heat (C_p), viscosity (µ), density (ρ)) before and after microwave treatment. This SC absorption foster is improved and charge separation is enabling efficient photocatalytic degradation of crystal violet (94% at 0.0199 min^-¹) and phenol (83.9% at 0.0121 min^-¹). Microwave irradiation significantly boosts TASC nanofluids energy storage is enhancing colloidal stability and surface morphology. This elevates thermal conductivity and specific heat capacity, crucial for maximizing solar absorption. SC acts as a photosensitizer, while TA interactions, particularly with Ag doping, provide superior thermal energy transduction and buffering. The 30% TASC concentration dramatically improved thermal conductivity by 7% to 9.83%, alongside a 29.2% increase in the Nusselt number, signaling superior convective heat transfer. While kinematic viscosity rose by 23%, an entropy generation analysis confirmed that reduced temperature gradient irreversibility outweighed increased viscous dissipation, leading to a net heat transfer efficiency of 196.63 W/m²⋅K. These optimized nanofluids boast enhanced photothermal conversion and thermal energy retention, directly boosting solar distillation performance. The daily productivity of the SBS, with a 1.5 cm water depth, peaked at 5.34 L/m² with 30% TASC, significantly outperforming other concentrations (1.70 L/m² without TASC). This enhanced yield stems from the TASC's amplified thermal energy flux, which accelerates evaporation. SBS distillate was collected hourly (07:00–18:00) and overnight (18:00–06:00) to maximize output. Long-term trials (Sept 2024-Jan 2025) confirmed substantial improvements in average thermal efficiency of 52% with 30% TASC, compared to 19% without TASC. This consistently high efficiency at 30% TASC underscores its immense potential for sustainable desalination and water purification. The synergistic effect of boosted photothermal conversion, thermal retention, and evaporation profoundly enhanced distillate yield and overall system performance, even extending to off-sunshine hours. This research offers crucial insights into precise nanofluid engineering through microwave processing for next-generation solar applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93548,"journal":{"name":"Energy nexus","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100525"},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145019060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Achieving environmental stewardship through climate-smart agriculture practices in intensive cereal systems of North-western India: Effects on energy-water-carbon footprints","authors":"Hanuman Sahay Jat ,&nbsp;Kailash Prajapat ,&nbsp;Shivani Khokhar ,&nbsp;Madhu Choudhary ,&nbsp;Manish Kakraliya ,&nbsp;Tanuja Poonia ,&nbsp;Kailash Chandra Kalwania ,&nbsp;Prabodh Chander Sharma ,&nbsp;Mangi Lal Jat","doi":"10.1016/j.nexus.2025.100509","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nexus.2025.100509","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Intensive rice-based systems in the Indo-Gangetic Plain of India face critical sustainability challenges, including high energy use, excessive greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and unsustainable groundwater exploitation. This study evaluates productivity and environmental footprints (energy, water, and carbon) to foster environmental stewardship through conservation agriculture-based climate-smart agriculture practices (CSAPs). Six scenarios (<em>Sc</em>) were analyzed: conventional till (CT) rice-wheat (CT-RW, <em>Sc</em> 1); CT rice-zero till (ZT) wheat-ZT mungbean (CTR-ZTWM, <em>Sc</em> 2); ZT direct-seeded rice-ZTWM (ZTRWM, <em>Sc</em> 3); ZT maize-ZTWM (ZTMWM, <em>Sc</em> 4); <em>Sc</em> 3 with subsurface drip (SSD) irrigation (ZTRWM-SSD, <em>Sc</em> 5); and <em>Sc</em> 4 with SSD (ZTMWM-SSD, <em>Sc</em> 6). The CSAPs (<em>Sc</em> 3-<em>Sc</em> 6) outperformed <em>Sc</em> 1 with respect to key performance parameters. <em>Sc</em> 6 (ZTMWM-SSD) achieved the maximum rice equivalent yield (8.25 t ha⁻¹), a 22.2 % increase over <em>Sc</em> 1. Wheat yield in <em>Sc</em> 6 reached to 6.34 t ha⁻¹, corresponding to a 22.1 % enhancement compared to <em>Sc</em> 1, resulting in a total system yield of 16.73 t ha⁻¹, representing a 35.6 % increase over <em>Sc</em> 1. For system-wide partial factor productivity of N, <em>Sc</em> 5 showed 51.4 % improvement, while <em>Sc</em> 6 achieved the highest increase of 69.7 %, reflecting significant gains in nitrogen use efficiency. The CSAPs scenarios markedly improved system water productivity, resulting in a decreased water footprint, which was lowest in <em>Sc</em> 6 (189 L kg⁻¹) compared to <em>Sc</em> 1 (1642 L kg⁻¹). Energy dynamics revealed that <em>Sc</em> 6 was the most efficient among all the scenarios. With an energy input of 30,360 MJ ha⁻¹, it produced energy output of 471,633 MJ ha⁻¹, and recorded the highest energy use efficiency (15.69). In terms of environmental sustainability, CSAPs (<em>Sc</em> 3, <em>Sc</em> 4, <em>Sc</em> 5 and <em>Sc</em> 6) exhibited lower system net global warming potential (GWP_n), compared to CT-based scenarios (<em>Sc</em> 1 and <em>Sc</em> 2), reflecting a significantly reduced carbon footprint. These results highlight the potential of CSAPs to enhance productivity and profitability while minimizing environmental impacts, making CSAPs critical to the future of sustainable agriculture in North-western India.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93548,"journal":{"name":"Energy nexus","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100509"},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144923025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The energy-sustainability nexus: A probabilistic approach to policy prioritization","authors":"Abroon Qazi","doi":"10.1016/j.nexus.2025.100519","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nexus.2025.100519","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aims to identify and rank the key factors driving sustainability within the Future of Growth framework, emphasizing the role of energy-related dynamics. Given the urgency of transitioning to greener economies, this research explores how various sustainability drivers interact, offering policymakers data-driven insights into the most impactful areas for fostering environmental and economic resilience. The study utilizes data from the World Economic Forum's Future of Growth Report 2024, encompassing 107 countries. A Bayesian Belief Network (BBN) model is employed to analyze the interdependencies among 14 key sustainability variables, including renewable energy consumption, investment in renewable energy, green patents, energy efficiency regulations, fossil-fuel subsidies, and environmental technology trade, among others. The analysis reveals that renewable energy consumption, investment in renewable energy, and environmental technology trade serve as critical accelerators of sustainability. Conversely, low performance in fossil-fuel subsidies and greenhouse gas emissions poses serious threats. The study also highlights the interconnected effects of sustainability drivers, emphasizing the need for integrated policy responses. By incorporating a probabilistic approach to sustainability assessment, this study advances the literature on energy transition and environmental policy modeling. The findings provide a data-driven roadmap for policymakers, helping prioritize actions that yield the highest sustainability gains. The Bayesian modeling framework offers a structured way to assess trade-offs, ensuring that policy interventions effectively target the most influential sustainability levers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93548,"journal":{"name":"Energy nexus","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100519"},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144988315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of the morphology of highly polluted urban areas neighborhood on suspended particles of PM 2.5 and PM 10 air pollutants (Case Study: Ahvaz, Iran)","authors":"Sadaf Vahidi ,&nbsp;Mansour Yeganeh ,&nbsp;Masoud Ghasaban","doi":"10.1016/j.nexus.2025.100527","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nexus.2025.100527","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Air pollution is one of the serious environmental challenges in large and industrial cities, which has direct and indirect consequences on human health and the environment. In many large cities, improper design of building forms can increase the amount of suspended particles. With population growth and urban development, managing and reducing air pollution has become essential. This study was conducted to improve indoor air quality and reduce the infiltration of atmospheric pollutants into residential spaces, utilizing the ENVI-met software as a computational fluid dynamics (CFD)-based simulation tool. This tool enables the analysis of the impact of architectural form on climatic conditions in urban environments. For this purpose, the concentration of PM2.5 and PM10 pollutants as the main criteria of air pollution in <em>Ahvaz</em> city was collected from the Environment and Protection Organization, and using detailed simulations, the effect of different building forms, including square forms, central courtyard, l-shaped, T-shaped, U-shaped, linear and Plus-shaped have been investigated. Design variables such as height, occupation level, and orientation of the building were selected as critical parameters and modeled at three height levels and different percentages of occupation level, which finally led to the production of 63 simulation scenarios. The results showed that the U-shaped form with a height of 16 meters, an occupation level of 60 %, and an orientation towards the east (Leeward) shows the best performance in reducing the penetration of PM2.5 and PM10. Compared to the current situation, the proposed model demonstrated improved performance, achieving a 23.40 % reduction in pollutants compared to <em>Lashkarabad</em>, 13.32 % compared to <em>Shahrek Naft</em>, 12.3 % compared to <em>Zeytoon Karmandi</em>, and 27.3 % compared to <em>Koye Ostadan</em>, proving its effectiveness in enhancing air quality. The findings of this study demonstrate that selecting building forms with consideration of pollutant types and environmental conditions plays a significant role in reducing air pollution levels. Simulation as an analytical tool in the early design phase enables a more precise assessment of the impact of various architectural forms and can serve as an effective approach in the sustainable design process. The results assist designers in identifying optimal options and can be used as a scientific reference by policymakers and urban planners to improve urban environmental quality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93548,"journal":{"name":"Energy nexus","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100527"},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145110212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Energy saving behaviour and willingness to purchase EV among Malaysian: The consumption values perspective","authors":"Kevin Chee Hung Lee,&nbsp;Suhaiza Zailani,&nbsp;Mohd Rizaimy Shaharudin","doi":"10.1016/j.nexus.2025.100528","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nexus.2025.100528","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Adopting electric vehicles is a vital strategy for mitigating climate change and reducing greenhouse gas emissions in the transportation sector. However, electric vehicles adoption in Malaysia remains slow despite the nation's ambitious carbon reduction goals. This study investigates the role of consumption values in influencing energy-saving behaviors and willingness to purchase electric vehicles among Malaysian consumers, using the theory of consumption value as a guiding framework. A quantitative survey was conducted among 200 respondents from the Klang Valley region to assess their consumption values, energy-saving behaviors, and willingness to adopt electric vehicles. The findings revealed that functional, conditional, and epistemic values positively influenced the willingness to purchase electric vehicles, while social and conditional values positively affected energy-saving behaviors. Additionally, energy-saving behaviors mediated the relationship between social and conditional values and the willingness to purchase electric vehicles. This study contributes to the literature on electric vehicle adoption in Malaysia by emphasizing the significance of consumption values and energy-saving behaviors, offering actionable insights for policymakers and industry stakeholders to design effective strategies for promoting electric vehicle adoption. Future research could explore regional variations and longitudinal impacts of energy-saving behaviors on sustainable technology adoption.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93548,"journal":{"name":"Energy nexus","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100528"},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144914046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancing CO₂ sequestration integrity: Development and application of the CO₂ storage integrity index in diverse geological and operational settings","authors":"Harpreet Singh,&nbsp;Harun Ates,&nbsp;Ravimadhav Vaidya","doi":"10.1016/j.nexus.2025.100522","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nexus.2025.100522","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study introduces the CO₂ Storage Integrity Index (CSII), an integrated operational framework developed to evaluate the stability and integrity of CO₂ storage within geological reservoirs over time. The CSII integrates crucial risk factors, such as pressure stability, area of review expansion, caprock integrity, and interlayer pressure interactions, offering a robust framework for assessing risks and ensuring regulatory compliance in CO₂ sequestration projects. While CSII consolidates existing monitoring parameters rather than providing new fundamental insights, it addresses the operational need for real-time integrated risk assessment in commercial CCS projects. Through detailed numerical simulations, the dynamic responses of CO₂ storage to various geological and operational parameters are examined, highlighting the critical influence of factors such as reservoir depth, thickness, geological heterogeneity, and injection rates on storage integrity.</div><div>Key findings from the application of the CSII reveal that shallow reservoirs (∼800 m) are more prone to higher CSII values and greater sensitivity to changes, resulting in increased risks due to lower pressures and higher buoyancy forces. In contrast, deeper reservoirs (∼3000 m) show more stable conditions, maintaining CO₂ in a supercritical state, which minimizes risks. Thicker reservoirs (∼300 m) exhibit higher variability and sensitivity in CSII, presenting challenges in managing injection pressures, while higher injection rates further exacerbate these dynamics in shallow to mid-depth reservoirs.</div><div>While the current study focuses on core risk factors, the proposed extension of the CSII to include additional factors impacting CO₂ storage risk, such as Joule-Thomson cooling, geomechanical risks, thermo-mechanical risks to caprock, dry-out phenomena, and integrity of wells, is discussed as a potential enhancement for future analyses. These factors will further improve the ability of CSII to comprehensively assess the risks in CO₂ storage projects.</div><div>The CO₂ Storage Integrity Index (CSII) provides a valuable tool for developing tailored injection strategies based on reservoir-specific characteristics, ensuring safer and more reliable CO₂ sequestration. This framework significantly contributes to the effective risk management of geological storage, supporting the broader implementation of carbon capture and storage (CCS) as a critical technology for achieving net-zero emissions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93548,"journal":{"name":"Energy nexus","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100522"},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144907358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of clean and low-carbon energy consumption on financial performance: Evidence from non-financial companies listed on the Tehran stock exchange","authors":"Mahdi Salehi ,&nbsp;Grzegorz Zimon ,&nbsp;Seyed Hamed Fahimifard ,&nbsp;Dominik Zimon","doi":"10.1016/j.nexus.2025.100531","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nexus.2025.100531","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>The primary objective of this study is to investigate the impact of renewable energy consumption and low-carbon technologies on a company's financial performance.</div></div><div><h3>Design/methodology/approach</h3><div>This study utilizes panel data from listed companies on the Tehran Stock Exchange from 2012 to 2021 to examine the effect of renewable energy sources—specifically solar, wind, nuclear, and hydrogen on companies' financial performance.</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>The findings indicate that using renewable and low-carbon energy positively and significantly impacts return on assets (ROA), return on equity (ROE), and Tobin’s Q. However, nuclear and solar energy do not have a statistically significant effect on Tobin’s Q. In contrast, wind and solar energies have the most substantial positive effects, while nuclear and hydrogen energy exert a relatively lower impact on ROA and ROE. The results are consistent across various industries. Furthermore, the financial performance indicators for companies in 2019 showed the lowest average, whereas 2018 marked their best financial performance. Additionally, the results from the dynamic Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) model, revealing that approximately 60 % of a company's return on assets, 20 % of its return on equity, and 45 % of Tobin’s Q are determined by the previous period's performance.</div></div><div><h3>Originality/value</h3><div>This research offers new insights into the impact of renewable and low-carbon energy consumption on corporate financial performance, which can be valuable for managers, investors, policymakers, and researchers. By demonstrating the economic advantages of utilizing these energy sources, the study can encourage the adoption of sustainable energy technologies and reduce dependence on fossil fuels.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93548,"journal":{"name":"Energy nexus","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100531"},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144917034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}