{"title":"Treatment of gonarthrosis using autologous platelet-rich plasma","authors":"K. Egiazaryan, MA Danilov, R. Abdusalamov","doi":"10.24075/brsmu.2024.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24075/brsmu.2024.012","url":null,"abstract":"Injections of platelet-rich plasma are considered to be a promising treatment. Medicines acting on the subchondral bone can improve tissue's structure and slow down destruction of the articular cartilage. This study aimed to analyze the results of intraarticular and intraosseous administration of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in gonarthrosis cases. One hundred and eighty-seven participants (gonarthrosis stages 1 through 3) were divided into three groups. Group 1 (treatment group) received intraarticular PRP injections, group 2 (comparison group) — intraosseous PRP injections. For assessment purposes, we used the SF-36 survey and visual analog scale. Three months after the treatment, initial pain level decreased in both groups 1 and 2. In group 1, the prevalence of synovitis went down after 3 months, in group 2 — after 6 months (21.9 and 31.3%, respectively; p < 0.05). Six months after the treatment, soft tissue swelling around the joint was registered less often in groups 1 and 2 (8.2 and 8.3%, respectively). As for the physical component of the quality of life, it improved in group 1 after 3 months (70.40%), in group 2 — after 6 months (69.80%); as for the mental component, the dynamics was acknowledged positive 3 months after the treatment in groups 1 and 2 (64.30 and 65.10%, respectively), and 6 months after the treatment (65.10 and 66.40%, respectively). Thus, administration of PRP in gonarthrosis cases attenuate pain and improves the quality of life. In terms of alleviation of the clinical symptoms and improvement of the physical component of patients' lives, intraosseous PRP injections performed significantly better.","PeriodicalId":9344,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Russian State Medical University","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140784800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
IA Aptekar, EV Abramova, MA Postnikov, I. Kopetskiy, DA Eremin, EM Postnikova, EB Poluianova, V. Aptekar, IO Muravyov
{"title":"Interdisciplinary approach to orthodontic treatment involving an osteopath and a dentist (protocol)","authors":"IA Aptekar, EV Abramova, MA Postnikov, I. Kopetskiy, DA Eremin, EM Postnikova, EB Poluianova, V. Aptekar, IO Muravyov","doi":"10.24075/brsmu.2024.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24075/brsmu.2024.011","url":null,"abstract":"Contemporary approaches to orthodontic treatment are complex: in complicated cases, they combine removable/fixed orthodontic appliances and surgical treatment, i.e., extraction of permanent teeth. In order to prevent negative outcomes and complications that can follow correction of dentofacial abnormalities and deformities, children and adults alike need to be thoroughly examined and prepared to the orthodontic stage of treatment. Many studies point to the relationship between orthodontic treatment and development of somatic dysfunctions. The purpose of this work was to develop an osteopathic disorders correction algorithm that can be introduced to an interdisciplinary protocol uniting efforts by an osteopath and an orthodontist with the aim to improve the quality of specialized orthodontic medical care.","PeriodicalId":9344,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Russian State Medical University","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140786335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Pekov, KV Bocharov, DS Bormotov, V. Eliferov, EV Parochkina, AA Sorokin, EN Nikolaev, IA Popov
{"title":"Comparison of lipid alterations in astrocytomas with increasing grade","authors":"S. Pekov, KV Bocharov, DS Bormotov, V. Eliferov, EV Parochkina, AA Sorokin, EN Nikolaev, IA Popov","doi":"10.24075/brsmu.2024.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24075/brsmu.2024.008","url":null,"abstract":"The use of ambient ionization mass spectrometry methods is one of the promising approaches to the impovement of glial tumor resection completeness by using an additional method to improve the tumor margin identification accuracy during the neurosurgical intervention itself. The amounts of data accumulated when testing such techniques can be also used in fundamental research to identify metabolic alterations associated with the tumor growth. The study was aimed to assess changes in the cell membrane lipid composition of diffuse and anaplastic astrocytomas based on the data acquired by ambient ionization mass spectrometry profiling of the tissues excised during the elective neurosurgical intervention. The lipid profiles obtained when assessing the tumor tissue samples (n = 43) by flow microextraction in a cartridge were subjected to shrinkage linear discriminant analysis enabling extraction of a number of lipids, the levels of which changed with increasing tumor grade. The lipid diversity decreased with increasing grade. Thus, the levels of 13 phospholipids belonging to six different subclasses turned out to be decreased in anaplastic tumors compared to diffuse ones. Both average size of the polar lipid fatty acid residues and their degree of unsaturation decrease with increasing tumor grade. The findings agree well with the data of the earlier study of high-grade glial tumors and confirm the biochemical view of metabolic reprogramming associated with malignant transformation of neuroglia.","PeriodicalId":9344,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Russian State Medical University","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140468500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BM Aznabaev, T. Mukhamadeev, TN Ismagilov, TI Dibaev
{"title":"Assessing clinical efficacy of new method for adaptive infusion control in phacoemulsification","authors":"BM Aznabaev, T. Mukhamadeev, TN Ismagilov, TI Dibaev","doi":"10.24075/brsmu.2024.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24075/brsmu.2024.009","url":null,"abstract":"Reduction of the adverse effects of intraoperative intraocular pressure fluctuation referred to as post-occlusion surge on the intraocular structures is an important task for ensuring phacoemulsification safety. In this regard, the method to control infusion during phacoemulsification based on controlling the infusion and aspiration flow rates in combination with monitoring of vacuum parameters was developed. The study was aimed to provide comparative assessment of clinical and functional characteristics of the eye in patients after phacoemulsification using the new and already existing adaptive infusion control methods. A total of 38 patients aged 66.4 ± 7.8 years (15 males and 23 females) in the index group (Optimed Profi system with the use of new method) and 35 patients aged 68.7 ± 7.5 years (16 males and 19 females) in the control group (Centurion Vision System with Active Fluidics) underwent surgery due to cataract. The patients underwent comprehensive eye examination before surgery and on days 1, 7, 30, months 3, 6 after surgery. The smaller loss of corneal endothelial cells on months 3 and 6 after surgery was observed in patients of the index group with grade III and IV cataract (p < 0.05). Comparison of macular microcirculation parameters revealed the reduced FAZ area by month 6 of postoperative follow-up in the index group, along with the increased total vascular density of the deep vasculature (p < 0.001). A significant decrease in the total density of the superficial and deep vascular plexuses by month 6 of postoperative follow-up was observed in the control group (p < 0.05). The use of new adaptive infusion control method contributes to effective phacoemulsification of cataracts of varying density with the lower percentage of the corneal endothelial cells lost in the late postoperative period.","PeriodicalId":9344,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Russian State Medical University","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140468854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Verbenko, A. Karamova, VV Chickin, IV Kozlova, KM Aulova, A. Kubanov, PV Gorodnichev
{"title":"Filaggrin loss-of-function mutations 2282del4, R501X, R2447X and S3247X in atopic dermatitis","authors":"D. Verbenko, A. Karamova, VV Chickin, IV Kozlova, KM Aulova, A. Kubanov, PV Gorodnichev","doi":"10.24075/brsmu.2024.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24075/brsmu.2024.006","url":null,"abstract":"Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a widespread multifactorial genetically determined inflammatory skin disease caused by, among other causes, impaired functions of the epidermal barrier. Loss-of-function mutations of the filaggrin gene (important component of the natural moisturizing factor system) that arrest production of the full-fledged precursor protein are associated with AD. This work investigated the frequency of the 2282delACTG (rs558269137), R501X (rs61816761), S3247X (rs150597413), R2447X (rs138726443) loss-of-function mutations of the filaggrin gene in adult European patients with moderate to severe AD. The study involved 99 adult patients of both sexes aged 18-68 years. The mutations were identified with the help of the purpose-developed method of multiplex analysis of four single nucleotide polymorphisms that relies on the SNaPshot technique (minisequencing). The incidence of loss-of-function mutation of filaggrin 2282delACTG was 5.3%, that of R501X - 0.5%, R2447X - 1%. No S3247X mutation was detected in the sample. Collation of the results with Russian and European samples revealed a comparable level of the analyzed filaggrin gene mutations in adult patients with AD from different regions of the Russian Federation.","PeriodicalId":9344,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Russian State Medical University","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140469431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
VA Gusar, A. Timofeeva, IS Fedorov, A. Tarasova, YuV Suhova, TYu Ivanets
{"title":"Emerging prediction of preeclampsia based on the expression of exosomal SUMO proteins","authors":"VA Gusar, A. Timofeeva, IS Fedorov, A. Tarasova, YuV Suhova, TYu Ivanets","doi":"10.24075/brsmu.2024.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24075/brsmu.2024.010","url":null,"abstract":"The cellular response to various types of stress underlying placental vascular dysfunction is under the sumoylation control. Consequently, SUMO homeostasis is closely related to the maintenance of angiogenic balance, the disruption of which is a feature of preeclampsia (PE). The goal of the research is to search for exosomal markers of such a disorder. The expression and prognostic potential of exosomal SUMO 1–4, UBC9 and hnRNPA2/B1 were evalueted in 39 pregnant women (cohort I) in the first trimester using Western blotting technology. The expression of these proteins in the placenta (cohort II, 27 pregnant women) at the time of delivery was also assessed. The expression of their conjugated forms was significantly changed in pregnant women with early-onset (SUMO 1, p = 0.03; SUMO 2/3/4, p = 0.03) and late-onset PE (SUMO 1, p = 0.03; SUMO 2/3/4, p = 0.04; UBC9 and hnRNPA2/B1, p < 0.0001, respectively). This change may be due to the functional specificity of SUMO isoforms in the context of their subcellular targets upon exposure to stressful stimuli. Significant changes in the expression of these proteins were also found in the placenta. Significant correlations were established between the expression of exosomal SUMO 2/3/4 (r = –0.59; p = 0.01) and UBC9 (r = –0.88; p = 0.0001) with PlGF in early-onset PE. In late-onset PE, hnRNPA2/B1 (r = –0.48; p = 0.03) and UBC9 (r = –0.48; p = 0.03) was correlated with β-hCG, and SUMO 2/3/4 with PAPP-A (r = –0.60; p = 0.006) in the blood serum of pregnant women. The analyzed proteins also significantly correlated with uterine artery pulsation index (SUMO 1 (r = 0.59; p = 0.01), SUMO 2/3/4 (r = 0.54; p = 0.02), hnRNPA2/B1 (r = 0.75; p = 0.0001)) and mean arterial pressure (UBC9 (r = 0.53; p = 0.03)). Based on the data the logistic models have been created to predict the risk of developing early-onset (UBC9 (AUC = 0.88; Se-0.72; Sp-1)) and late-onset PE (SUMO 1 (AUC = 0.79; Se-0.8; Sp-0.77)) at 11–14 weeks of pregnancy.","PeriodicalId":9344,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Russian State Medical University","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140468967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
II Babkina, VV Mazeeva, MP Morozova, L. Gorbacheva
{"title":"Effect of probenecid on astrocyte activation in vitro","authors":"II Babkina, VV Mazeeva, MP Morozova, L. Gorbacheva","doi":"10.24075/brsmu.2024.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24075/brsmu.2024.005","url":null,"abstract":"Both acute brain injuries and neurodegenerative diseases are accompanied by neuroinflammation. The outcome of neuroinflammation and the prognosis of brain functional status depend on the balance of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory factors. Many studies are aimed at finding possible therapeutic targets allowing to shift inflammatory response processes towards anti-inflammatory mechanisms. It has been shown that channels formed by pannexin proteins are expressed in all brain cells including astrocytes. However, their role in the processes of neuroinflammation is still unclear. Channels formed by pannexin 1 (Panx1) may be involved in proinflammatory activation of astrocytes induced by thrombin and/or lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The aim of this study was to assess thrombin- and LPS-induced activation of primary mouse cortical astrocytes under Panx1 blockade by probenecid. Functional profile of astrocytes, their proliferation and secretory activity changed both in case of thrombin application (50 nM and 100 nM) and in case of incubating cells with LPS. The observed increasing of nitric oxide (NO), β-hexosaminidase HEX and IL6 secretion stopped after the cells were treated with probenecid. Based on the obtained results, probenecid can be considered as a potential agent influencing the inflammatory process in brain tissue by stabilizing astrocytes through inactivation of Panx1 and reduction of astrogliosis.","PeriodicalId":9344,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Russian State Medical University","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140470040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
TV Tolstova, VK Pureczcky, P. Kozhin, NG Luzgina, AL Rusanov
{"title":"Information capacity of the NF-κB and AP-1 signaling activation sensors in in vitro assessment of dermatotoxic effects","authors":"TV Tolstova, VK Pureczcky, P. Kozhin, NG Luzgina, AL Rusanov","doi":"10.24075/brsmu.2024.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24075/brsmu.2024.007","url":null,"abstract":"Toxicity testing, including testing for skin toxicity, is essential for certification of novel pharmaceutical, chemical, and skincare products. The in vitro assessment models are considered to be the most promising; a number of such tests have been introduced into practice of approval testing. The new possibilities of detecting the early cellular response to damage can be provided by the cell-based sensors built upon visual quantification of the changes in activity of the signaling pathways involved in realization of such response. NF-κB and AP-1 represent two important protein transcription factors, the increase in activity of which in the cell is associated with damage, inflammation or redox balance alteration. The study was aimed to develop the cell-based sensors built upon the HaCaT immortalized human keratinocyte cell line that express green fluorescent protein (GFP) when the NF-κB (HaCaT/NF-κB) or AP-1 (HaCaT/AP-1) signaling pathway is activated, as well as to assess their information capacity when recording the dose-dependent response to the exposure to inducers of appropriate signaling pathways. The findings showed that the HaCaT/NF-κB cell fluorescence levels changed by 6.05 ± 0.51 and 5.53 ± 0.52 times upon exposure to TNFα or LPS (at a concentration of 0–80 ng/mL) in a dose dependent manner. The HaCaT/AP-1 biosensor also responded to the exposure to Cd (NO3)2 (at a concentration of 0–40 µМ) and ultraviolet A (UVA) (0–40 J/cm2), however, it enabled qualitative, but not quantitative detection. The censor cell fluorescence increased by 1.51 ± 0.24 and 1.66 ± 0.43 times, respectively. The cell-based sensors developed can be used to assess cytotoxic effects of the test substances on the human skin cells in vitro and study the cytotoxicity mechanisms.","PeriodicalId":9344,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Russian State Medical University","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140467879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Darya A Yurchenko, ZhG Markova, ME Minzhenkova, EO Vorontsova, N. Shilova
{"title":"Molecular cytogenetic characteristics of small supernumerary marker chromosomes 15 and 22 in asymptomatic carriers","authors":"Darya A Yurchenko, ZhG Markova, ME Minzhenkova, EO Vorontsova, N. Shilova","doi":"10.24075/brsmu.2024.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24075/brsmu.2024.001","url":null,"abstract":"Small supernumerary marker chromosomes (sSMC) are structurally abnormal chromosomes that cannot be identified unambiguously by standard cytogenetic methods. A comprehensive approach involving the use of molecular cytogenetic methods is required for the more thorough morphological assessment of such chromosomes, as well as for the development of strategy for genetic counseling of the patients being the sSMC carriers. It is widely accepted that the development of abnormal phenotype by the patients having sSMC in their karyotype is associated with the presence of euchromatic region material in the marker chromosome. Therefore, it results from the presence of relatively large DNA copy number variations (CNVs) in the form of duplication, triplication, and more increased copy numbers; which are localized in the pericentromeric region of the appropriate chromosome. Pericentromeric CNVs can be involved in the chromosome imbalance in asymptomatic carriers of sSMC as well, however, the boundaries of such imbalance have not been clearly identified. The study was aimed to acquire additional information about the genomic topology of the DNA regions insensitive to the genes copy number increase. FISH analysis with commercial and homemade DNA probes was performed in 18 carriers of sSMC 15 and 22 having no clinically significant phenotypic abnormalities. The molecular cytogenetic testing showed that pericentromeric euchromatic regions sized 1.2 Mb and 714 kb, respectively, were found in 33% of cases (6 out of 18). We assume that these regions comprise no potentially dosage-sensitive genes.","PeriodicalId":9344,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Russian State Medical University","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140526060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
PA Zhurlova, ZV Besedovskaia, EL Sokolinskaya, LV Putlyaeva
{"title":"Genetically encoded light-inducible sensor for nucleolar visualization","authors":"PA Zhurlova, ZV Besedovskaia, EL Sokolinskaya, LV Putlyaeva","doi":"10.24075/brsmu.2023.048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24075/brsmu.2023.048","url":null,"abstract":"Nucleolus plays a vital role in enhancing rRNA production and maintaining ribosome biogenesis in tumor cells, making the nucleolus a desirable target for genetic and oncological research. The most convenient method for nucleolus monitoring is fluorescent microscopy, combining high efficiency and accessibility. Nevertheless, currently available fluorescent visualization methods are unsuitable for live-cell monitoring of nucleolus because they require continuous labeling. To address this issue, we have developed a genetically encoded Light-Activated Nucleolus Sensing (LANS) system for real-time nucleolar visualization. The combination of eMags domains and reader domain of DPF3 protein, responsible respectively for the light-induced dimerization and targeting the nucleolus, allowed LANS system to efficiently target nucleolus in several cancer cell lines without affecting cell morphology. This system makes it possible to increase the representation of the LANS2 sample in the nucleolus by 1.5 times relative to the fluorescence intensity values obtained before irradiation of the nucleolus. LANS holds the potential to accelerate the search for new drugs and enhance the primary screening of drug compounds in in vivo models.","PeriodicalId":9344,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Russian State Medical University","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138985896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}