Forensic science international. Animals and environments最新文献_第5页

Reliability of wood identification using DART-TOFMS and the ForeST© database: A validation study 使用DART-TOFMS和ForeST©数据库进行木材鉴定的可靠性:一项验证研究

Forensic science international. Animals and environments Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsiae.2022.100045

Erin R. Price , Pamela J. McClure , Amanda N. Huffman , Doina Voin , Edgard O. Espinoza

{"title":"Reliability of wood identification using DART-TOFMS and the ForeST© database: A validation study","authors":"Erin R. Price , Pamela J. McClure , Amanda N. Huffman , Doina Voin , Edgard O. Espinoza","doi":"10.1016/j.fsiae.2022.100045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsiae.2022.100045","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) has listed over 100 species of trees whose trade is primarily in timber, and whose existence may be endangered due to either indiscriminate or illegal logging. Species determination of timber is essential for enforcing logging quotas and species protections laws, but it is a challenging endeavor. Here we present a technique that relies on mass spectra chemotypes for species assignment and demonstrate that it provides high reliability.The reliability of timber identification by mass spectrometry relies on multiple factors: 1) access to a robust wood spectra database (e.g., ForeST ©: Forensic Spectra of Trees) derived from a curated xylarium, 2) analysis of the correct wood tissue (i.e., heartwood vs sapwood), 3) reproducibility of the spectra, 4) repeatability of the analysis and 5) skill in interpreting the data. The goal of timber identification is to assign wood products to species, but in some cases the precision of the analysis will be to the genus or even family level. This may be due, for example, to shared chemotypes among closely related tree species. These higher taxa assignments do not represent an error (false positive or false negative), but rather reflect the complexity of wood chemistry in relation to phylogeny. Such higher taxa determinations are often sufficient for enforcement purposes, as many timber trees are protected at the genus or above.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":93435,"journal":{"name":"Forensic science international. Animals and environments","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100045"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666937422000051/pdfft?md5=c3690f7c2043e2757e60c6b339a3de1e&pid=1-s2.0-S2666937422000051-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136968334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

DNA recovery and analysis from helmeted hornbill (Rhinoplax vigil) casques and its potential application in wildlife law enforcement 盔犀鸟(Rhinoplax vigil)头骨DNA的恢复和分析及其在野生动物执法中的潜在应用

Forensic science international. Animals and environments Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsiae.2021.100037

Kanita Ouitavon , Ross McEwing , Kitichaya Penchart , Khanitha Sri-aksorn , Vijak Chimchome

引用次数: 0

Sharks on a plane: Large shark fin seizure shines light on shark exploitation 飞机上的鲨鱼:查获的大量鱼翅揭露了对鲨鱼的剥削

Forensic science international. Animals and environments Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsiae.2022.100055

Teagen Gray Partin , Alberto J. Gonzalez , Mary K. Burnham-Curtis

{"title":"Sharks on a plane: Large shark fin seizure shines light on shark exploitation","authors":"Teagen Gray Partin , Alberto J. Gonzalez , Mary K. Burnham-Curtis","doi":"10.1016/j.fsiae.2022.100055","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsiae.2022.100055","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>One of the biggest threats to sustainability of shark populations is overexploitation due to high global market demand for fins, meat, skin, and cartilage. Current laws designed to regulate the worldwide trade in certain shark species have not stemmed illegal and unreported trade. In January 2020, United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) wildlife inspectors seized an illegal shipment of shark fins at the Miami airport during an inspection of an in-transit shipment from South America to Asia. The shipment contained over 5000 fins, placing it among the largest seizures in the US to date. We utilized a combination of morphological and genetic analyses to evaluate species diversity of the sharks targeted for this illegal shipment. Morphological identification of pectoral (n = 2435) and dorsal (n = 1301) fins revealed over 50 % were obtained from CITES Appendix II species, including silky shark (<em>Carcharhinus falciformis</em>), great hammerhead (<em>Sphyrna mokarran</em>), and scalloped hammerhead (<em>Sphyrna lewini</em>). A random subset of dorsal fins (n = 149) was sampled from each of the CITES species and the tiger shark (<em>Galeocerdo cuvier</em>) fins (n = 49), to confirm our morphological identifications using genetic data. In addition, a subset of morphologically unidentified fins (n = 192) was genetically identified to estimate species diversity of the fins not identified by morphological analysis. The genetic results revealed 11 additional species for a total of 14 species identified within the shipment. The data from the genetic and morphological analysis of this case will be used to inform ongoing investigations of the origin of this illegal shipment, as well as future investigations of shark fisheries undergoing exploitation for the shark fin trade.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":93435,"journal":{"name":"Forensic science international. Animals and environments","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100055"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666937422000154/pdfft?md5=c4cd61cee1226f3590e3b172599db727&pid=1-s2.0-S2666937422000154-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43949554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

A pioneering method to identify bovine horn trophy: A combined morphometric and DNA-based approach in wildlife forensics 鉴定牛角战利品的开创性方法:在野生动物法医学中结合形态计量学和基于dna的方法

Forensic science international. Animals and environments Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsiae.2022.100056

Vipin , Vinita Sharma , Chandra Prakash Sharma , Surendra Prakash Goyal , Heather Stevens , Sandeep Kumar Gupta

{"title":"A pioneering method to identify bovine horn trophy: A combined morphometric and DNA-based approach in wildlife forensics","authors":"Vipin , Vinita Sharma , Chandra Prakash Sharma , Surendra Prakash Goyal , Heather Stevens , Sandeep Kumar Gupta","doi":"10.1016/j.fsiae.2022.100056","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsiae.2022.100056","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We describe a protocol for identifying wild versus domestic bovid horns using multidisciplinary approaches for implementing applicable wildlife laws. We used DNA and morphometry methods to identify four wild and two domestic bovid species from horn trophies. It helped in testing a horn trophy suspected from a wild buffalo that was seized by authorities and sent to us for species identification. Two measurements, circumference at the base (CAB) and length on the front curve (LOFC), were measured for the seized and different bovids horns. The three-dimensional (3-D) scatter plot, generated by the values of CAB, LOFC and CAB/LOFC, differentiated the different bovid species into distinct clusters and placed the seized horn in the proximity of domestic water buffalos. The Bayesian evolutionary analysis of the partial <span>D</span>-loop gene (521 bp) placed the seized horn in a clade with swamp buffalos, which are considered domestic. Hence, the morphometric and the DNA analyses showed consensus in concluding that the seized horn originated from a domestic buffalo. The current protocol may differentiate between wild water buffalo, wild yak, guar, takin and domestic water buffalos (river and swamp). It may also help address the illegal wildlife trade of different bovid species at national and international levels.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":93435,"journal":{"name":"Forensic science international. Animals and environments","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100056"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666937422000166/pdfft?md5=8f449b148dccd33274efbfc7665c474a&pid=1-s2.0-S2666937422000166-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42608590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Validation of methods for extraction of DNA and species identification from seized Helmeted Hornbill (Rhinoplax vigil) casques 从缴获的盔犀鸟（Rhinoplax night）中提取DNA和物种鉴定方法的验证

Forensic science international. Animals and environments Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsiae.2022.100058

C. E. Hatten, Y. Fitriana, Tracey-Leigh Prigge, M. Irham, H. Sutrisno, Abinawanto, C. Dingle

引用次数: 0

Recovering trace reptile DNA from the illegal wildlife trade 从非法野生动物交易中提取爬行动物的DNA

Forensic science international. Animals and environments Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsiae.2021.100040

Nathan Deliveyne , Phillip Cassey , Adrian Linacre , Steven Delean , Jeremy J. Austin , Jennifer M. Young

{"title":"Recovering trace reptile DNA from the illegal wildlife trade","authors":"Nathan Deliveyne , Phillip Cassey , Adrian Linacre , Steven Delean , Jeremy J. Austin , Jennifer M. Young","doi":"10.1016/j.fsiae.2021.100040","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsiae.2021.100040","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>The Illegal Wildlife Trade (IWT), aided by improved global transport, and the expansion of the internet, has facilitated the international demand for exotic reptiles. The risks associated with trafficking of live reptiles requires robust forensic techniques for detecting housed or transported animals. Detection of species of high IWT demand can be challenging due to the illicit nature of the trade, particularly when a specimen is missing. The ability to detect trace DNA in empty holdings and transport containers can be pivotal as a source of evidence.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Vivaria, containing either a corn snake (<em>Pantherophis guttatus</em>) or boa (<em>Boa constrictor</em>), were set up and monitored for 24 h simulating reptile holdings. Once removed, Diamond Nucleic Acid Dye™ (DD) was sprayed on experimental glass and plastic tiles recovered from within the vivaria, and trace DNA was visualized using a Polilight. Trace DNA was amplified using a novel reptile target specific qPCR assay and sequenced to identify both species.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Movement patterns and scale imprints associated with reptile contact were visible on experimental tiles after DD-staining. Successful qPCR amplification and subsequent bi-directional Sanger sequencing confirmed the presence of both the species in the respective vivaria. DNA recovered from glass tiles had significantly greater amplification success than plastic tiles.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>DD revealed valuable information about the presence, and movement, of reptiles in the absence of a specimen. Successful amplification of trace reptile DNA demonstrated that this approach could offer an effective tool for biosecurity staff to rapidly identify live reptiles in the IWT.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":93435,"journal":{"name":"Forensic science international. Animals and environments","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100040"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666937421000391/pdfft?md5=970cadc956f7f0bdf93b5de6d02c14bd&pid=1-s2.0-S2666937421000391-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48837923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Trafficking of a Tiger (Panthera tigris) in northeastern Mexico: A social network analysis 墨西哥东北部老虎(Panthera tigris)的贩卖:社会网络分析

Forensic science international. Animals and environments Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsiae.2021.100039

José Luis Carpio Domínguez , Inés Arroyo Quiroz , María Teresa Villarreal Martínez , Jesús Ignacio Castro Salazar

{"title":"Trafficking of a Tiger (Panthera tigris) in northeastern Mexico: A social network analysis","authors":"José Luis Carpio Domínguez , Inés Arroyo Quiroz , María Teresa Villarreal Martínez , Jesús Ignacio Castro Salazar","doi":"10.1016/j.fsiae.2021.100039","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsiae.2021.100039","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study examines the possession of Tigers (<em>Panthera tigris</em>) as pets in Mexico through statistical analysis of governmental seizures on a period of 11 years, a review of socio-political factors related to this phenomenon and an analysis of a particular illicit supply network of a Tiger (<em>P. tigris</em>) specimen seized from a criminal group in northern Tamaulipas, Mexico. We found that socio-political factors such as the prohibition on the use of animals for circuses; environmental regulation strategies; the dominance of criminal groups in most of the Mexican territory and their traditional interest in exotic animals have an influence in the presence of tigers in private homes and ranches. This study contributes to the theoretical understanding of the possession of exotic animals, wildlife illegal networks and wildlife trafficking in Mexico.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":93435,"journal":{"name":"Forensic science international. Animals and environments","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100039"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S266693742100038X/pdfft?md5=be02d08a183fb971d00934a207f1f5f5&pid=1-s2.0-S266693742100038X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46829397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Characterization of the avian postmortem gut microbiome across space and time using 16S rRNA sequencing 利用16S rRNA测序技术研究禽死后肠道微生物群的时空特征

Forensic science international. Animals and environments Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsiae.2022.100053

Jennifer L. Houtz , Joseph P. Receveur , Jennifer L. Pechal , M. Eric Benbow , Brent M. Horton , John R. Wallace

{"title":"Characterization of the avian postmortem gut microbiome across space and time using 16S rRNA sequencing","authors":"Jennifer L. Houtz , Joseph P. Receveur , Jennifer L. Pechal , M. Eric Benbow , Brent M. Horton , John R. Wallace","doi":"10.1016/j.fsiae.2022.100053","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsiae.2022.100053","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The advent of high-throughput sequencing technologies, such as 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing, has enabled the characterization of microbial communities across diverse ecosystems including animal carrion. Although most studies on postmortem microbial communities focus on its application to human death scene analysis, this technique holds great potential for wildlife crime investigations. We conducted a pilot study to characterize the spatial heterogeneity and temporal shifts between the perimortem (i.e., at time of death) and postmortem (i.e., after death) microbiomes associated with the gut tracts of decomposing European Starling (<em>Sturnus vulgaris</em>) nestlings over three days. We observed significant differences in microbial community structure among perimortem gut tract regions. The microbial communities converged across all gut tract regions within the first 24 h of death and remained stable between 24 and 72 h postmortem. A random forest classifier identified <em>Lactococcus</em>, <em>Serratia</em>, and <em>Clostridium</em> as the top three taxonomic predictors for predicting perimortem or postmortem microbial communities. Our findings provide preliminary data for considering the potential forensic utility of incorporating the postmortem gut microbiome in avian wildlife crimes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":93435,"journal":{"name":"Forensic science international. Animals and environments","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100053"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666937422000130/pdfft?md5=0cce274f1b166b5c84e4ad13f288ba67&pid=1-s2.0-S2666937422000130-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48467143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Development of microsatellite DNA markers for Indian Rat snake (Ptyas mucosa) 印度大鼠蛇(Ptyas)粘膜微卫星DNA标记的建立

Forensic science international. Animals and environments Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsiae.2022.100054

Naga Jogayya Kothakota , I. Haque

引用次数: 0

Mitochondrial DNA-based species testing of confiscated aquatic wildlife in the Philippines 菲律宾被没收的水生野生动物的线粒体dna物种测试

Forensic science international. Animals and environments Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsiae.2022.100051

Jennifer A. Poniente, Jacqueline Marjorie R. Pereda, John T. Dela Peña, Minerva Fatimae H. Ventolero, Mudjekeewis D. Santos

{"title":"Mitochondrial DNA-based species testing of confiscated aquatic wildlife in the Philippines","authors":"Jennifer A. Poniente, Jacqueline Marjorie R. Pereda, John T. Dela Peña, Minerva Fatimae H. Ventolero, Mudjekeewis D. Santos","doi":"10.1016/j.fsiae.2022.100051","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsiae.2022.100051","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Illegal wildlife trade (IWT) is a global concern and a major threat to biodiversity conservation. In the Philippines, enforcement of laws related to aquatic wildlife is actively pursued pursuant to the Republic Act (RA) 9147 otherwise known as the Wildlife Resources Conservation and Protection Act and RA 8550 or the Philippine Fisheries Code of 1998 as amended by RA 10654. The National Fisheries Research and Development Institute - Genetic Fingerprinting Laboratory (NFRDI-GFL), functions as lead laboratory for identifying aquatic species in the country using genetic markers pursuant to Philippine Executive Order 154, series of 2013. Philippine law enforcement agencies send confiscated aquatic wildlife samples to NFRDI-GFL for identifying species since 2012 to present. DNA-based species identification of wildlife often uses mitochondrial genes such as Cytochrome c oxidase 1 (CO1) and Cytochrome b (Cytb). Here, a total of 114 individual from confiscation events mostly from Metro Manila and Davao regions were identified using CO1 and Cytb, and their trace files stored in the NFRDI-GFL database. Of the 114 individuals, 26 species have been identified; 16 are under threatened category under IUCN, 17 are listed under the CITES Appendices and 21 are considered as regulated under Philippine Laws. Taken together, this study shows that IWT for aquatic species is evident in the country. Moreover, the use of mitochondrial DNA-based methods can provide accurate species identification, hence allowing for better monitoring and tracking of IWT to support fisheries management and conservation in the country.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":93435,"journal":{"name":"Forensic science international. Animals and environments","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100051"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666937422000117/pdfft?md5=794ee2face5fd3ad4a225a079705ebb2&pid=1-s2.0-S2666937422000117-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47132057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2