Forensic science international. Animals and environments最新文献_第2页

Postmortem interval applied to cetacean carcasses: Observations from laboratory and field studies with the Abrolhos Bank Region, Brazil 适用于鲸类尸体的死后间隔：在巴西阿布罗尔霍斯库地区进行的实验室和实地研究的观察结果

Forensic science international. Animals and environments Pub Date : 2024-01-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsiae.2024.100082

Hernani Gomes da Cunha Ramos , Adriana Castaldo Colosio , Milton César Calzavara Marcondes , Rodrigo Pinho Gomez Lopez , Brittany Ederer Michalski , Renato David Ghisolfi , Maria Isabel Carvalho Gonçalves , Ricardo Siqueira Bovendorp

{"title":"Postmortem interval applied to cetacean carcasses: Observations from laboratory and field studies with the Abrolhos Bank Region, Brazil","authors":"Hernani Gomes da Cunha Ramos , Adriana Castaldo Colosio , Milton César Calzavara Marcondes , Rodrigo Pinho Gomez Lopez , Brittany Ederer Michalski , Renato David Ghisolfi , Maria Isabel Carvalho Gonçalves , Ricardo Siqueira Bovendorp","doi":"10.1016/j.fsiae.2024.100082","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsiae.2024.100082","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Estimating the postmortem interval (PMI) in cetaceans is challenging. These mammals often sink after death, later floating and traveling considerable distances before stranding, complicating decomposition stage analysis. Our study investigates decomposition patterns in humpback whale, guiana dolphin, and franciscana dolphin. We analyzed decomposition stages using photographic data from Instituto Baleia Jubarte (IBJ) and conducted a controlled guiana dolphin carcass decomposition study in a laboratory to establish a reliable PMI baseline for carcasses found along Brazil's Abrolhos Bank region. Our findings reveal species-specific decomposition timelines: humpback whale carcasses typically beach within 14 days post-death maximum, while franciscana and guiana dolphins strand within seven to eight days. The most common PMI for whales was five to six days, guiana dolphins four days, and franciscana dolphins four to five days. We used the five decomposition codes: I alive animals, II fresh carcass, III moderate decomposition, IV advanced decomposition, V skeletal remains. For small cetaceans, code II indicates a PMI of two days, III four days, and IV seven days. For large whales, code II signifies a PMI of one day, III three days, and IV seven days. PMI estimation is vital for identifying the period a carcass floated from death site to shoreline. This information supports forensic approaches in understanding anthropogenic impacts on cetacean mortality and aids ecological and conservation studies regarding cetacean strandings, using PMI and backtracking techniques.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":93435,"journal":{"name":"Forensic science international. Animals and environments","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100082"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666937424000027/pdfft?md5=aaba649a4a399948514d792848c7f7c5&pid=1-s2.0-S2666937424000027-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139396124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Strange brew: Genetic and isotopic analyses to identify the provenance for wildlife forensics and food safety 奇怪的酿造：通过基因和同位素分析确定野生动物法医和食品安全的来源

Forensic science international. Animals and environments Pub Date : 2024-01-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsiae.2024.100081

Jonathan N. Pauli, Mauriel Rodriguez Curras

{"title":"Strange brew: Genetic and isotopic analyses to identify the provenance for wildlife forensics and food safety","authors":"Jonathan N. Pauli, Mauriel Rodriguez Curras","doi":"10.1016/j.fsiae.2024.100081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsiae.2024.100081","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Forensic point of origin testing is a key tool in identifying the provenance of a sample, whether it be for human remains, the food industry, or illegal wildlife trade. A variety of techniques – morphological, genetic and isotopic – have been developed to provide resolution on the origin of an individual or sample. Herein, we employed all three approaches to identify a reported case of food contamination. A consumer in New Jersey, USA reported finding a rodent in a beer can, which was bottled in Dallas-Fort Worth (DFW), Texas, USA. Photographs of the organism as well as biological material (muscle and hair) were evaluated to determine the species, location and ultimate source of the contamination. The rodent removed from the can was surprisingly intact and was identified belonging to the family Cricetidae and subfamily Neotominae, and likely of the genus <em>Peromyscus</em> spp. Sequencing of the COIII mitochondrial gene confirmed a species identification of <em>P. leucopus.</em> The analysis of δ<sup>2</sup>H and δ<sup>18</sup>O and subsequent probability assignment showed little support that the sample did not originate from the bottling facility (P<sub>DFW</sub> = 0.02 ± 0.02) but very high support that the mouse originated from New Jersey (P<sub>New Jersey</sub> = 0.98 ± 0.02). Together, these results provide clear and consistent results that the mouse did not enter the food system at the bottling facility. This complimentary approach of morphological and molecular identification as well as point-of-origin assignment using stable isotope analysis yielded a highly cost-effective and probabilistic approach to assign origin of species that can be used by future forensic scientists.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":93435,"journal":{"name":"Forensic science international. Animals and environments","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100081"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666937424000015/pdfft?md5=bb0bd506ea5f41b936c2ed5175bdef51&pid=1-s2.0-S2666937424000015-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139406207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A rapid and non-destructive identification method for tortoiseshell products using attenuated total reflectance infrared spectroscopy 利用衰减全反射红外光谱对玳瑁产品进行快速和非破坏性鉴定的方法

Forensic science international. Animals and environments Pub Date : 2023-12-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsiae.2023.100079

Barbara Stuart , Greta J. Frankham , Gabrielle Mangion , Maiken Ueland

{"title":"A rapid and non-destructive identification method for tortoiseshell products using attenuated total reflectance infrared spectroscopy","authors":"Barbara Stuart , Greta J. Frankham , Gabrielle Mangion , Maiken Ueland","doi":"10.1016/j.fsiae.2023.100079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsiae.2023.100079","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Tortoiseshell, traditionally made from Hawksbill Turtle (<em>Eretmochelys imbricata</em>) shell, has long been a popular material for the production of coveted ornamental items. Hawksbill Turtles are critically endangered and like all sea turtles the trade in their products (e.g., tortoiseshell) is illegal. Tortoiseshell objects are also produced from other species and plastics, so the identification of the tortoiseshell source is important for distinguishing illegally and legally traded items. Distinguishing faux and real tortoiseshell visually can be challenging, so a screening method using infrared spectroscopy has been developed to provide a rapid means of discriminating the source of objects. A non-destructive attenuated total reflectance sampling technique has been employed. Marine turtle, horn, casein, cellulose nitrate, cellulose acetate and polyester were identified as the materials used in tortoiseshell production by employing a visual comparison of their spectra. A simple method for the discrimination of the protein-based spectra produced by marine turtle, horn and casein objects is provided, enabling the source of such objects to be differentiated.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":93435,"journal":{"name":"Forensic science international. Animals and environments","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100079"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666937423000173/pdfft?md5=91aca2e96cfd511f45ee59802a29725f&pid=1-s2.0-S2666937423000173-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138564275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Development of a standardized methodology for selecting candidate DNA barcodes of Trillium govanianum to combat biodiversity crime and environmental exploitation 为打击生物多样性犯罪和环境开发利用，制定选择三叶草候选 DNA 条形码的标准化方法

Forensic science international. Animals and environments Pub Date : 2023-12-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsiae.2023.100078

Tina Sharma , Mukesh Kumar Thakar

{"title":"Development of a standardized methodology for selecting candidate DNA barcodes of Trillium govanianum to combat biodiversity crime and environmental exploitation","authors":"Tina Sharma , Mukesh Kumar Thakar","doi":"10.1016/j.fsiae.2023.100078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsiae.2023.100078","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study introduces an innovative method using DNA barcodes to accurately identify species, addressing the critical issue of trafficking invaluable medicinal plants like <em>Trillium govanianum</em>. The success rate in amplification and sequencing of barcoding regions was an impressive 100%. The Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) region proved most effective in distinguishing closely related Trillium species. By testing herbal products from markets, the study revealed extensive illegal trade, with 50% confirmed as <em>Trillium govanianum</em> and 30% adulterated with Dioscorea villosa. This research contributes new DNA sequences to identification databases, enhancing protocols. Genetic variations within <em>Trillium govanianum</em> were narrower than to the nearest non-conspecific neighbor in barcoding regions (matK: 0.006, rbcL: 0.003, ITS: 0.043). Combining coding and non-coding regions (matK + ITS) achieved 100% species discrimination. Market samples showed 30% product substitution, with varying success rates for amplification (rbcL: 70%, matK: 60%, ITS: 40%, improved with ITS2 primers). Half the sequences were <em>Trillium govanianum</em>, 30% were Dioscorea villosa, revealing covert substitution. ITS and matK sequences were effective, with a genetic distance gap, while rbcL had limited divergence (0.003), making it less suitable for accurate identification compared to matK and ITS.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":93435,"journal":{"name":"Forensic science international. Animals and environments","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100078"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666937423000161/pdfft?md5=bbf188614807c46dbff30cac15463a84&pid=1-s2.0-S2666937423000161-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138739214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A guide for the validation of DNA based species identification in forensic casework 法医案件工作中基于 DNA 的物种鉴定验证指南

Forensic science international. Animals and environments Pub Date : 2023-12-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsiae.2023.100080

Lucy M.I. Webster , Tracey-Leigh Prigge , Greta J. Frankham

{"title":"A guide for the validation of DNA based species identification in forensic casework","authors":"Lucy M.I. Webster , Tracey-Leigh Prigge , Greta J. Frankham","doi":"10.1016/j.fsiae.2023.100080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsiae.2023.100080","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Method validation is an essential step ahead of applying a method in forensic casework, to ensure the results will be admissible in court. However, unlike mainstream forensic disciplines, wildlife forensic labs often evolve from conservation-oriented units and may not have a strong foundation in generating data within a legal context. As such, the processes and principles of method validation may not be familiar or fully understood. In this paper we describe the process of method validation in a wildlife forensic science context. We provide guidance on the documentation required to take a DNA based method, which has been developed to identify a specific target species, through the validation process so that it is fit for use in forensic casework. This process has been agreed upon among members of the Society for Wildlife Forensic Sciences (SWFS) Technical Working Group (TWG) to illuminate the requirements for both practitioners and academics.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":93435,"journal":{"name":"Forensic science international. Animals and environments","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100080"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666937423000185/pdfft?md5=30d94025c9838dac52530ad990efedae&pid=1-s2.0-S2666937423000185-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139033579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ascertaining the manner of death: Distinguishing killing from carcass scavenging 确定死亡方式:区分杀戮与腐尸

Forensic science international. Animals and environments Pub Date : 2023-11-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsiae.2023.100076

Maite Arilla , Jordi Rosell , Ivan Afonso Jordana , Ruth Blasco

{"title":"Ascertaining the manner of death: Distinguishing killing from carcass scavenging","authors":"Maite Arilla , Jordi Rosell , Ivan Afonso Jordana , Ruth Blasco","doi":"10.1016/j.fsiae.2023.100076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsiae.2023.100076","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study presents a documented case of a bear (<em>Ursus arctos</em>) predator attack on a foal, employing osteological analysis to determine the manner of death. By analyzing bone surface and structural modifications, we distinguish between injuries inflicted during the killing event and those resulting from scavenging or post-mortem consumption. A variety of bone modifications are recorded and documented, with a particular emphasis on a linear fracture on the body of the C4 vertebra and a double arc puncture on the proximal metaphysis of the left metatarsal. The former wound signifies a direct attack, while the latter signifies a defensive injury. This study case underscores the importance of taphonomic analysis in detecting instances of wild animal attacks on domestic livestock. Particularly in scenarios where visual evidence and conventional necropsies concentrating on soft tissue examination fail to confirm mauling occurrences, taphonomy provides valuable insights.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":93435,"journal":{"name":"Forensic science international. Animals and environments","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100076"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666937423000148/pdfft?md5=64fadd5a342afafb5b21aa39467afb61&pid=1-s2.0-S2666937423000148-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138355311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Characterizing North Carolina black bear (Ursus americanus) populations using UrsaPlex v2.0 使用UrsaPlex v2.0描述北卡罗来纳州黑熊（美洲熊）种群

Forensic science international. Animals and environments Pub Date : 2023-10-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsiae.2023.100075

Samantha L. Badgett , Melissa K.R. Scheible , Isabella G. Livingston , Erin P. Meredith , Nicholas P. Gould , Jennifer Strules , Christopher S. DePerno , Colleen Olfenbuttel , Michael K. Stoskopf , Matthew Breen , Chad Arnold , Kelly A. Meiklejohn

{"title":"Characterizing North Carolina black bear (Ursus americanus) populations using UrsaPlex v2.0","authors":"Samantha L. Badgett , Melissa K.R. Scheible , Isabella G. Livingston , Erin P. Meredith , Nicholas P. Gould , Jennifer Strules , Christopher S. DePerno , Colleen Olfenbuttel , Michael K. Stoskopf , Matthew Breen , Chad Arnold , Kelly A. Meiklejohn","doi":"10.1016/j.fsiae.2023.100075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsiae.2023.100075","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>American black bears (<em>Ursus americanus</em>) have been successfully restored in North Carolina (NC) due to management and research efforts by the North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission and various partners. Investigations by law enforcement in NC involving black bears typically center on a) illegal take, b) purchase, possession, and sale of bear parts, or c) human-bear interactions. Effective prosecution of illegal parties requires methods that permit individual identification of black bears. Typically, individualization is achieved using robust DNA profiling and comparison to accepted genetic databases. Currently, a genetic database of highly variable loci genotyped from black bears across their range in NC does not exist. To address this, we focused on genotyping NC black bears using an updated version of UrsaPlex (UrsaPlex v2.0), a short tandem repeat (STR) panel of 11 loci and three sex-linked markers, previously developed to permit individualization for California black bears. Biological samples were obtained from NC black bears following IACUC approved protocols. Total genomic DNA was isolated from each sample and genotyped using UrsaPlex v2.0. The number of alleles in the final genotyped population (n = 173) ranged from five (UamD118 and UamB8) to 33 (UamA9). The observed heterozygosity (H<sub>o</sub>) ranged from 0.471 (UamB1) to 0.872 (UamA9), while the expected heterozygosity (H<sub>e</sub>) ranged from 0.469 (UamB1) to 0.919 (UamA9). The probability of identity (PID) was calculated as 6.9 × 10<sup>-13</sup>. These results demonstrate the potential utility of UrsaPlex v2.0 for permitting individual identification of NC black bears for use in forensic casework and for population management.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":93435,"journal":{"name":"Forensic science international. Animals and environments","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100075"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49845559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

What is it vs Who did it? A review of the lack of human focused forensic evidence in the context of wildlife crime 是什么vs谁干的？审查野生动物犯罪背景下缺乏以人为本的法医证据

Forensic science international. Animals and environments Pub Date : 2023-10-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsiae.2023.100073

Alexandra Thomas , Louise Gibson , Suzzanne McColl , Robbie Rae , Rob Ogden , Nick Dawnay

{"title":"What is it vs Who did it? A review of the lack of human focused forensic evidence in the context of wildlife crime","authors":"Alexandra Thomas , Louise Gibson , Suzzanne McColl , Robbie Rae , Rob Ogden , Nick Dawnay","doi":"10.1016/j.fsiae.2023.100073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsiae.2023.100073","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Wildlife crime suffers from low prosecution and conviction rates, with a lack of evidence and resources cited as hurdles to enforcement. Forensic evidence is used in human-on-human crimes to identify perpetrators and link individuals to criminal activity. Forensics approaches in the context of wildlife crime are heavily focused on non-human evidence using DNA barcoding to establish species and geographical origins. In human-on-human crime fingermarks and DNA profiling are two of the most recognisable forensic evidence types, both with significant global infrastructure, which contribute to prosecutions and convictions. Wildlife products can be the only physical evidence type available in a wildlife crime but attempts to recover human forensic evidence from them is a relatively unexplored area. The research that does exist demonstrates fingermark and touch DNA evidence can be collected in many contexts from several different species. Despite this there has been only one report of utilisation of this type human evidence recovery in wildlife case work. Failure to consider all potential evidence types has a negative impact on wildlife crime investigations. There is a need to experimentally assess the benefits and limitations associated with the collection of human evidence from wildlife items. This article introduces key factors that affect the recovery of human fingermarks and touch DNA evidence before focussing on the limited number of instances where these methods have been applied to wildlife forensic research and what considerations should be taken when developing further work in this field.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":93435,"journal":{"name":"Forensic science international. Animals and environments","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100073"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49845577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

An announcement of a new genome sequence available for Dama dama (fallow deer) Dama Dama（休耕鹿）新基因组序列的公布

Forensic science international. Animals and environments Pub Date : 2023-10-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsiae.2023.100074

Rebecca K. Barnard , Judith A. Smith , Na Yuan , Fan Liu , Syed Sibte Hadi

{"title":"An announcement of a new genome sequence available for Dama dama (fallow deer)","authors":"Rebecca K. Barnard , Judith A. Smith , Na Yuan , Fan Liu , Syed Sibte Hadi","doi":"10.1016/j.fsiae.2023.100074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsiae.2023.100074","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This publication presents the genome for a male individual of <em>Dama dama</em> (Fallow deer). The Genome is 3108,385,535 bp in length with the sequence assembled in to 35 Chromosomes including an assembly of the X and Y allosomes. The final assembly also had a BUSCO completeness score of 96.4%. The annotated genome was found to consist of 22,619 genes, which are currently mostly all protein coding genes. The final BUSCO v4.1.4 completeness score for the annotation was 72%. Predicted genes have an average transcript length of 49,000 bp. On average each gene has 10 exons. Overall, the number of identified genes appeared lower than that expected for mammals (typically 20–30 K), however, these results can be expected due to the lack of additional RNA-seq data at this time, therefore not all non-coding genes have yet to be annotated. This project is the first to fully sequence the genome of a male <em>Dama dama</em> to reference genome level and provides the groundwork for further research involving this species. The result of this project not only aids to increase knowledge of the <em>Dama dama</em> genetic history but also benefits the welfare of the <em>Dama dama</em> species across the world, contributing to the global effort to combat wildlife crime.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":93435,"journal":{"name":"Forensic science international. Animals and environments","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100074"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49845578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hidden in plain sight: Investigating the illegal trade of medical products derived from the spiny-tailed lizard (Uromastyx spp.) through the surface web 隐藏在众目睽睽之下：通过表面网络调查刺尾蜥蜴（Uromastyx spp.）衍生的医疗产品的非法贸易

Forensic science international. Animals and environments Pub Date : 2023-09-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsiae.2023.100072

Ulhas Gondhali , Gohar A. Petrossian

{"title":"Hidden in plain sight: Investigating the illegal trade of medical products derived from the spiny-tailed lizard (Uromastyx spp.) through the surface web","authors":"Ulhas Gondhali , Gohar A. Petrossian","doi":"10.1016/j.fsiae.2023.100072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsiae.2023.100072","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study investigates the consumer markets and the role of YouTube as a driver of the trade of traditional medicines derived from spiny-tailed lizard. This research identified and analyzed 183 videos, 4240 comments, and associated content from YouTube. A systematic analysis of implicit and explicit content of the video and comments provides important insights into the modus operandi of the illegal trade, consumer markets, and users' responses and reactions to the content related to medicinal products containing spiny-tailed lizard fat. Up to 3/4th of the analyzed videos offered spiny-tailed lizard-based medicinal products for sale, and the majority of the videos aimed at reinforcing the authenticity of these products by providing detailed records of hunting and fat extraction. The majority of the commenters interacting with the videos expressed a ‘willingness to buy’ the offered products, showing the level of awareness they have about where to access this information to inquire, confirm, and potentially purchase the medicinal product. The geotagged comments shed light on the potential flows and volumes of spiny-tailed lizard medicinal products traded between the source (Pakistan) and major demand countries. Based on the findings of this research, we recommend targeted interventions that would focus on reducing the demand, strengthening law enforcement action on the surface web, and improving social media policy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":93435,"journal":{"name":"Forensic science international. Animals and environments","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100072"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49845558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0