Bulletin of Baikal State University最新文献

{"title":"Sore Spots in the Forest Restoration Management System (the Case of Irkutsk Region)","authors":"L. Baldanova","doi":"10.17150/2500-2759.2020.30(2).254-260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17150/2500-2759.2020.30(2).254-260","url":null,"abstract":"Forest conservation and restoration are the basis for stable ecological wellbeing and sustainable forestry. The article is dedicated to the issues of enhancement of efficiency of forest restoration in Russia in the case of Irkutsk Region. Sore spots in this area are revealed in terms of a forest restoration analysis. Forest conservation in the region is provided mainly due to the natural processes of forest stand regeneration. The main part of the regional fund for the restoration of forests is comprised of deforestation and burnt forest areas. Efficiency of forest restoration activities is determined not only by the area of artificial or natural (mixed) reforestation but also by the area of forest tending. The global experience shows the need for a switch to a different understanding of allocation of funds and forces when taking an optimal decision in the field of improving the quality of forest restoration. Sustainable forestry is possible only when combining activities of forest restoration and tending. An increase in tending young-growth stand will significantly increase not only its survival capacity but also its quality. Furthermore, the author considers the mechanisms of government control of forest restoration including the national project «Forest Conservation» and the federal law of July 19, 2018 № 212-FL.","PeriodicalId":9341,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Baikal State University","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83294447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Some Features of the Implementation of the Cultural and Educational Function in the Programs of the Modern Television Channel Dedicated to Culture (the Example of the TV Channel «Russia-C»)","authors":"Anastasia E. Vinokurova, Irina Panteleeva","doi":"10.17150/2500-2759.2020.30(2).211-218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17150/2500-2759.2020.30(2).211-218","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to understanding the features of the implementation of the cultural and educational function in the programs of the television channel «Russia-C». As a rule, coverage of culture and science topics on television channels occurs through programs that capture the difference between trained, «qualified» viewers and a wide audience, and either focus on the former, choosing formats and genres that are not interesting to the majority, or shift the focus to entertainment. In this regard, the resolution of this contradiction and the choice of a format for the TV channel about culture to meet the demand of broad layers of Russian television viewers for high-quality intellectual leisure seems to be significant. The authors of the article analyzed all the Russia-C TV channel programs that are regularly broadcast. The authors identified the features of the programs and concluded that the format of the TV channel is focused on the implementation, first of all, of the cultural and educational function, and also that the programs on TV channels are designed to overcome this contradiction. Competent interlocutors and presenters, who have a flexible strategy and tactics, take part in these programs. The variety of genres and the specifics of camera work are noted, patterns in the design of studios are revealed.","PeriodicalId":9341,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Baikal State University","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82147764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improvement of Financial Regulation in the Sphere of Municipal Solid Waste Management","authors":"I. Shcherbakova, Tatyana Faiberg","doi":"10.17150/2500-2759.2020.30(2).281-291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17150/2500-2759.2020.30(2).281-291","url":null,"abstract":"The reform currently being implemented in the sphere of municipal solid waste (MSW) management requires large investments both from the government and management bodies at all levels, as well as from economic entities. Their stimulation is possible only through the use of various financial regulation tools. The article deals with the main tools of financial regulation in the sphere of MSW management, such as environmental payments and subsidies from the Federal budget, while simultaneously implementing program and project budgeting. The analysis showed that at present, despite the development of these financial tools, there is no effective mechanism for financial re­gulation in the sphere of MSW circulation. It is proposed to streamline and include environmental payments in the budget and tax legislation of the Russian Federation in order to increase the transparency of financial flows in this area. It is also necessary to create a special extra-budge­tary Fund which will be used to finance investment projects in the field of MSW circulation.","PeriodicalId":9341,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Baikal State University","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75409996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Influence of the Income Level on the Amount of Expenses for Purchase of Medicines by the Population in Older Age Groups","authors":"S. Cherkasov, D. Meshkov, A. Fedyaeva, L. Bezmelnitsyna, T. Makarenko, M. Spasennikova","doi":"10.17150/2500-2759.2020.30(1).113-120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17150/2500-2759.2020.30(1).113-120","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the study based on the data of an anonymous survey is to assess the level of costs for purchasing medicines among the population aged 60 years and older and to analyze the interdependence between the level of material well-being and the level of costs for purchasing medicines. The study was conducted on the basis of a survey of 927 people aged 60 years and older living in Moscow. The questionnaire included questions about the amount of expenses for the purchase of medicines, expressed as a share of the monthly income of a family that was spent on the purchase of medicines. The term «family» is understood as a group of people who lead a common household, regardless of their degree of kinship. To study the impact of income on the cost of purchasing medicines, the questionnaire included a question about the amount of a family's monthly income per member. When analyzing dependencies, such characteristic properties as the Association coefficient (CA), information content (INF), and the Chi-square criterion were calculated. The study revealed that the relationship between the level of material well-being and the level of expenditure on the purchase of medicines is very complex and ambiguous, with pronounced gender differences. In the course of this study, no correlation between the level of disposable income and the share of the total monthly income of a family that is spent on the purchase of medicines was observed. However, there is a correlation between the share of the total monthly income of a family that is spent on food and the share that is spent on the purchase of medicines. The degree of the dependence increases with ageing, which indicates the possibility of purchasing a drug as the main factor in making a decision. The degree of dependence is less pronounced in men below 70 and older and is stronger in women starting from the age of 65 years. The strongest dependence was registered in women of the age group of 70 years and older.","PeriodicalId":9341,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Baikal State University","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76323094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Blockchain and Decentralized Money System: Principles of Building and Ways of Its Development","authors":"M. Zhigas, S. Kuzmina","doi":"10.17150/2500-2759.2020.30(1).79-88","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17150/2500-2759.2020.30(1).79-88","url":null,"abstract":"The article considers the origins of the fourth industrial revolution, the impact of new IT processes and their integration into society and economy. The authors focus on the idea of creating a cryptocurrency Bitcoin and a new payment system based on the blockchain platform. The innovative components of blockchain technology are presented. The technological changes caused by its development are analyzed. The problems of the financial industry and the technological processes occurring in the banking market are analyzed in detail. The prerequisites and the innovation process of the formation of a decentralized monetary system are explained. The authors propose a new concept of «parallel money systems» and formulate the principles of centra­lized and decentralized approaches to the organization of the monetary system. The features of building a decentralized monetary system are described; its advantages and disadvantages are formulated. A number of arguments in favor of the validity of the adoption of the new form of the monetary system is given and substantiated; the difficulties of its development are analyzed.","PeriodicalId":9341,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Baikal State University","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90291331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of Material Well-Being on Self-Assessment of Health of the Population of Older Age Groups","authors":"S. Cherkasov, Vladislav Tyunkov, Irakliy Kirtadze, Yuriy Kamaev, Anna Fеdyaeva, B. Spasennikov","doi":"10.17150/2500-2759.2019.29(4).587-593","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17150/2500-2759.2019.29(4).587-593","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the study is to assess the financial situation of persons aged 60 years and older on the basis of the anonymous survey data and to analyze the dependence of their health on the level of their material well-being. The survey was conducted in 2017. A total of 967 people aged 60 years and older living in Moscow were interviewed. All of them are under medical supervision in the city polyclinic. The questionnaire included questions about the amount of the monthly income of the family per each member. Using the term «family», the authors mean a group of people who share a common household, regardless of the degree of their relationship. Health assessment was conducted on the basis of one’s self-assessment. The average level of self-assessment of health in each group was calculated. The study made it possible to determine the presence of gender differences in the level of material well-being of the population aged 60–69 years. Thus, men have a lower proportion of low income and a higher proportion of well-off persons compared to women. In the older age group (70 years and older), gender differences in the level of material well-being are not detected. There is no classical correlation between the level of disposable income and the value of self-assessment of one’s health, but the level of self-esteem in the group of better-off men in all age groups was a little higher than in the group of low-income people, while women had higher self-esteem in the low-income age groups of 60–69 years. Only the better-off group of the older age women showed higher self-esteem. The degree of decline in health self-esteem was higher in the low-income group, regardless of gender, but among the women, the degree of decline in self-esteem was higher due to higher scores in the younger age groups and lower scores in the older age groups.","PeriodicalId":9341,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Baikal State University","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81266417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Public Policy of Telework Management: Experience of Russia and the USA","authors":"M. Chudinovskikh","doi":"10.17150/2500-2759.2019.29(4).646-652","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17150/2500-2759.2019.29(4).646-652","url":null,"abstract":"The relevance of the research into the issue is determined by the need to develop a state policy in the field of telework management (distance employment). The paper presents an analysis of the practice of state management of telework in the United States of America based on a study of the norms of legislation (Telework Enhancement Act), as well as annual reports submitted to Congress. In the article, general and special scientific methods such as systemic, comparative legal, formal logical, statistical, and others were applied. As a result of the study, it was concluded that the Russian Federation is taking the first steps in the field of managing telework, while in the United States, a comprehensive state policy has been formed and implemented since 2010. The telework state policy includes the development of legal acts, allocation of authority among state and municipal bodies, measures to encourage the creation of remote jobs, the organization of accounting, control and supervision of telework. The implementation of an effective telework state policy has a positive effect on employers, employees, society and the environment. The positive economic effect for the state and government is reduction in operating costs, increase in work efficiency and reduction of staff turnover. For employees, distance employment leads to a reduction in stress and an increase in job satisfaction. The effect for society and the environment is reflected in an increase in the level of public safety, a reduction in the traffic load, pollution of the environment, and energy saving.","PeriodicalId":9341,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Baikal State University","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75108940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of Methods of Electronic Microscopy, Mass-Spectrometry and Roentgenospectral Electronic Probe Micro-Analyzer in Ecological and Analytical Studies. Elemental Composition of Blue Micro-Particles of Unknown Nature Observed in Suspended Substance of Lake Baikal","authors":"O. Belozerova, V. Egorov, Aleksandr Chebikin, I. B. Mizandrontsev, T. Shishlyannikova, A. Nikonova","doi":"10.17150/2500-2759.2019.29(4).533-544","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17150/2500-2759.2019.29(4).533-544","url":null,"abstract":"During the period from April till June, 2018, suspended substance of Baikal Lake water from depths up to 25 meters in various distance from the shore (up to 4,000 m) showed presence of hard particles of blue color in size up to 900 mkm of unknown nature with maximum numbers at the nearshore zone, resistant to mineral acids and combustion. The analysis using methods of electronic microscopy with spray application of conducting golden coating, field desorption with inductively connected plasma (mass-spectroscopy) roentgenospectral electronic probe micro-analyzer, along with investigation of the surfaces of the objects studied and the components distributed in them, showed a set of 68 elements entering the composition of the particles. The major composition is marked for Ti, Ca and Si. Comparatively high composition is found for high-density metals: Zn, Pb, Sb, Nb, Cu, As. Suppositions are made about the anthropogenic nature of the blue particles — in forms of products of agglomerating titanium with fuliginous phase, as well as in composition of sorbents on the basis of compounding of titanium and ship paints.","PeriodicalId":9341,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Baikal State University","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75703060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"4th Industrial Revolution as a Challenge to the University Community","authors":"Tatiana Muzychuk, A. Bychkova","doi":"10.17150/2500-2759.2019.29(4).581-586","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17150/2500-2759.2019.29(4).581-586","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, one can observe accelerated implementation of high-tech solutions including those developed on the basis of artificial intelligence in various sectors of economy and public relations, in particular, in education. In this regard, the article discusses the main challenges that the 4th industrial revolution poses to the higher education system. These challenges include the automation of a number of professions; lack of competent personnel; digitalization of the educational process, etc. The prospects of introducing a blockchain to fix personal achievements in the context of the development of artificial intelligence technologies in particular, are highlighted. The possibilities of processing large volumes of data (Big Data) are described in order to create ratings of universities, departments and teaching staff. The experience of introducing artificial intelligence technologies into the creation of an individual educational path and the formation of a «digital footprint» at the STI University «20.35» is analyzed. Namely, the creation of a digital fingerprint and its application; building a student’s optimal development path; effective team building and improving the effectiveness of e-learning are considered. The conclusion is made about the need to preserve the universal basic component of higher education.","PeriodicalId":9341,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Baikal State University","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73167150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of the Modern Gallery Activities as an Element of the Tourism Infrastructure of the City","authors":"I. Kalinina, P. Maksimova","doi":"10.17150/2500-2759.2019.29(4).552-559","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17150/2500-2759.2019.29(4).552-559","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays, due to the insufficiently developed theoretical background of gallery business, gallery owners mainly rely on their intuition, analysis of the art market, and numerous sketchy theoretical works and tips. The article presents a comparative analysis and characteristics of the art galleries of the city of Irkutsk, not mentioned previously in the literature. A list of resources necessary for the formation and promotion of attractiveness of art galleries for tourists has been developed. It was created on the basis of the analysis of the activities of Russian and foreign galleries in terms of their tourism attractiveness and cooperation with tourist companies. At the same time, it is mentioned that measures aimed at developing of the tourism attractiveness of the gallery, which are quite often commercial by their nature, should promote the brand of the territory where the gallery is located, preserving its uniqueness. They should in no way turn the art gallery into a gift shop selling art souvenirs.","PeriodicalId":9341,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Baikal State University","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73849331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}