Liver cancer international最新文献

{"title":"Hepatocyte-Specific Knockout of Na+/H+ Exchanger-1 Does Not Ameliorate NASH-Associated Liver Damage in Mice","authors":"Lise M. Sjøgaard-Frich,&nbsp;Cecilie M. Egeskov,&nbsp;Jens F. Halling,&nbsp;Muthulakshmi Ponniah,&nbsp;Oksana Dmytriyeva,&nbsp;Henriette Pilegaard,&nbsp;Stine Falsig Pedersen","doi":"10.1002/lci2.70003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lci2.70003","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the fastest-growing liver-related cause of mortality, affecting about 25% of the adult world population. Despite this, fundamental questions regarding the underlying mechanisms remain incompletely answered. In mice, whole-body knockout (KO) of Na⁺/H⁺ exchanger NHE1 (SLC9A1) was suggested to be protective against NASH. However, the translatability of this finding is confounded by the fact that global NHE1 KO affects ubiquitous processes in tissues outside of the liver. Here, we aimed to determine the role of hepatocyte NHE1 in NAFLD. We generated a hepatocyte-specific NHE1 KO (NHE1 HKO) mouse and determined the impact of NHE1 loss on liver metabolism and NAFLD characteristics following methionine–choline-deficient (MCD) diet. Loss of hepatocyte NHE1 does not protect against NAFLD development, but rather seems to impair basal ROS balance in the mouse liver.</p>","PeriodicalId":93331,"journal":{"name":"Liver cancer international","volume":"5 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/lci2.70003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142524937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical relevance of subtyping CTNNB1-mutated hepatocellular adenomas: Different risk patterns according to the mutation type","authors":"Paulette Bioulac-Sage,&nbsp;Christine Sempoux,&nbsp;Annette S. H. Gouw,&nbsp;Valérie Paradis,&nbsp;Brigitte Le Bail,&nbsp;Anne Aurélie Raymond,&nbsp;Charles Balabaud","doi":"10.1002/lci2.70000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lci2.70000","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Beta-catenin-activated hepatocellular adenomas (b-HCA) with exon 3 (ex3) non-S45, ex3 S45 or ex7/8 mutations display different glutamine synthetase (GS)-immunostaining patterns; the latter two show a GS-positive/CD34-negative rim contrasting with diffuse CD34 in the HCA core. Our objective was to determine whether discriminating the three b-HCA mutation subtypes is clinically relevant.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We analysed the clinicopathological data of the three b-HCA subtypes (37 resected cases) and compared it with the corresponding subtypes of beta-catenin-activated inflammatory HCA (b-IHCA, 40 cases).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The mean age of b-HCA ex7/8 and ex3 S45 were 25.9 and 27.3 years respectively. Clinical bleeding occurred in 67% and 63%, including five cases of pregnant women; malignant transformation was not observed in these two subtypes. The mean age of the b-HCA ex3 non-S45 subtype (41 years) was significantly higher; clinical bleeding occurred in 14% while all cases contained malignancy. Such differences in age and clinical complications were not found in the b-IHCA subtypes. Additionally, we found abnormal vessels in b-HCA ex3 S45 and ex7/8, near the GS⁺/CD34⁻ rim, which was not seen in ex3 non-S45. These vessels can function as an adjunct to discriminate between the b-HCA subgroups.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In our series, b-HCA ex7/8 and ex3 S45 patients are significantly younger and have higher clinical bleeding risk than b-HCA ex3 non-S45 patients who have a higher malignant risk. Hence, in b-HCA, due to the differences in clinical complications, it is clinically relevant to identify all three subtypes individually.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":93331,"journal":{"name":"Liver cancer international","volume":"5 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/lci2.70000","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142174189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The beneficial hepatic effects of glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists in patients with diabetes and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease are independent of weight loss","authors":"Roberta Forlano,&nbsp;Huma Malik,&nbsp;Benjamin H. Mullish,&nbsp;Michael Yee,&nbsp;Chioma Izzi-Engbeaya,&nbsp;Pinelopi Manousou","doi":"10.1002/lci2.86","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lci2.86","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is the most prevalent chronic liver disease worldwide. Despite resmetirom being recently approved for treatingnon-cirrhotic MASH patients in the United States of America (but not elsewhere), weight loss and lifestyle remain the first line and mainstay for treating the condition. Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) have shown promise in MASLD treatment, as they promote significant weight loss.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this study, we assessed the effect of long-term GLP-1 therapy on liver disease severity in a cohort of patients with Type 2 diabetes and MASLD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this retrospective observational study, we included all new MASLD patients seen in the liver clinic (Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust) from January 2010 to May 2022. Demographic, anthropometric and clinical data were collected at baseline and at the most recent follow-up.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>779 patients were included. Among those with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) (<i>n</i> = 335), 94 (28%) were prescribed a GLP-1RA for a median period of 38 (1–171.2) months. In those on GLP-1RA, there was a significant improvement in BMI (33.1 vs. 34.9 kg/m², <i>p</i> = 0.005), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (37 vs. 58 IU/L, <i>p</i> = 0.009), HbA1c (58 vs. 61 mmol/lL, <i>p</i> = 0.006) and CAP score (331 vs. 354 dB/m, <i>p</i> = 0.0001) at the end of follow-up. Finally, among those who were treated with GLP-1RA, 37 patients had &lt;5% weight loss over a median of 38 (10–134) months. In this group, there was also a significant reduction in ALT (32 vs. 58 IU/L, <i>p</i> = 0.0001), AST (30 vs. 36 IU/L, <i>p</i> = 0.004) and CAP score (329 vs. 349 dB/m, <i>p</i> = 0.05) compared with those who lost &gt;5% weight. In this real-life cohort of patients with diabetes and MASLD, treatment with GLP-1RA was associated with greater weight loss and hepatic fat reduction. Of note, a reduction in fat content was observed also in those who did not lose weight.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Treatment with GLP-1RA should be favoured when treating patients with co-existing diabetes and MASLD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":93331,"journal":{"name":"Liver cancer international","volume":"5 1-2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/lci2.86","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141624567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"LOXL2 in non-alcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH): Insights into fibrosis pathogenesis and therapeutic potential","authors":"Joys Rachel Immanuel,&nbsp;Rajnish Kumar,&nbsp;Ashish Kumar Agrahari,&nbsp;Shailendra Asthana","doi":"10.1002/lci2.85","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lci2.85","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Liver fibrosis involves increased extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition, with lysyl oxidase-like 2 (LOXL2) emerging as a key player due to its upregulation in fibrotic tissue. As a member of the lysyl oxidase protein family, LOXL2 contributes to ECM accumulation and remodelling through fibre cross-linking. Its aberrant expression in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) implicates it in liver fibrosis. LOXL2 promotes fibrosis by activating hepatic stellate cells, cross-linking ECM proteins, and influencing oxidative stress, inflammation and lipid metabolism. Preclinical studies on LOXL2 inhibitors show promise in reducing fibrosis and improving liver function. Ongoing clinical trials further highlight LOXL2 as a potential anti-fibrotic target. However, challenges such as species differences, tissue-specific effects and the complexity of NASH pathogenesis require additional research. Understanding LOXL2's role in NASH will aid in developing effective treatments for NASH-related fibrosis and liver damage.</p>","PeriodicalId":93331,"journal":{"name":"Liver cancer international","volume":"5 1-2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/lci2.85","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141624555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of hepatic steatosis on risk of acute liver injury in people with chronic hepatitis B and SARS-CoV-2 infection","authors":"Matthew S. H. Chung,&nbsp;Carlos K. H. Wong,&nbsp;Xue Li,&nbsp;Francisco T. T. Lai,&nbsp;Eric Y. F. Wan,&nbsp;Celine S. L. Chui,&nbsp;Franco W. T. Cheng,&nbsp;Esther W. Chan,&nbsp;Ching Lung Cheung,&nbsp;Xi Xiong,&nbsp;Lanlan Li,&nbsp;Wai Kay Seto,&nbsp;Man-Fung Yuen,&nbsp;Lung-Yi Mak,&nbsp;Ian C. K. Wong","doi":"10.1002/lci2.84","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lci2.84","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>SARS-CoV-2 infection was known to be associated with higher risk of liver impairment in people with chronic hepatitis B infection (CHB). However, evidence regarding the impact of concomitant hepatic steatosis (HS) on the risk of liver disease among people with CHB and SARS-CoV-2 infection is lacking. We investigated the impact of concomitant HS on people with CHB suffering from SARS-CoV-2 infection.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This retrospective cohort study was performed using an electronic health database for people in Hong Kong with CHB and confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection between 21 January 2020 and 31 January 2023. People with HS diagnosis (HS + CHB + COVID-19) were identified and matched 1:1 by propensity score with those without (CHB + COVID-19). Each person was followed up until death, outcome event, or 31st January 2023. Study outcome was incidence of acute liver injury (ALI) within first 28 days since COVID-19 diagnosis. Severity of ALI and comparison of ALI risk stratified by the presence of CHB infection and HS were also analysed. Incidence rate ratios (IRRs) were estimated by Poisson regression models.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Of 52 259 COVID-19 patients with CHB infection in the cohort, 15 391 people with HS + CHB + COVID-19 and 15 391 people with CHB + COVID-19 were included after matching. HS + CHB + COVID-19 was associated with increased risk of ALI (IRR: 1.41, 95% CI:1.05–1.90, <i>p</i> = 0.023), compared to CHB + COVID-19. Over 99% ALI cases were mild to moderate severity, and there were no differences in the severity of ALI between HS + CHB + COVID-19 and CHB + COVID-19 (<i>p</i> = 0.127).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Concomitant HS was associated with increased risk of ALI among people with CHB infection suffering from SARS-CoV-2 infection.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":93331,"journal":{"name":"Liver cancer international","volume":"5 1-2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/lci2.84","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141624440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geographic and temporal trends in aetiology, incidence and mortality from hepatocellular carcinoma in European Union 15+ countries","authors":"Georgina Hanbury,&nbsp;Chinmay Jani,&nbsp;Nour Abdallah,&nbsp;Shoheera Punjwani,&nbsp;Omar Al Omari,&nbsp;Harpreet Singh,&nbsp;Ruchi Jani,&nbsp;Joseph Shalhoub,&nbsp;Justin D. Salciccioli,&nbsp;Dominic C. Marshall,&nbsp;David J. Pinato","doi":"10.1002/lci2.77","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lci2.77","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide. This study considers the geographical trends in incidence and mortality from HCC.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Data were obtained for each EU15+ country from the Global Burden of Disease Study database. Age-standardised incidence rates (ASIRs), mortality rates (ASMRs) and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) were extracted for each year from 1990 to 2019. Data were subdivided into males and females. Mortality-to-incidence ratios (MIRs) were calculated. All Indices were reported per 100 000 population, and trends were described using Joinpoint regression.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>ASIRs increased in 17/19 countries in females and 18/19 countries in males between 1990 and 2019. ASMRs increased in all countries except Italy (for both sexes) and Sweden (for females). MIR decreased in all countries except Denmark in males (+8.0) and females (+1.2). Ireland saw the greatest decline in MIR among females (−15.0%) and the United Kingdom for males (−16.4%). DALYs increased in all countries except Italy for males and females and Sweden for females.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The incidence of and mortality from hepatocellular carcinoma are increasing in the majority of EU15+ countries. The rise in mortality and fall in MIR may suggest that outcomes from HCC are improving, despite an increased disease burden.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":93331,"journal":{"name":"Liver cancer international","volume":"4 3-4","pages":"109-120"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/lci2.77","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139042180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management of upper gastrointestinal bleeding in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma with portal hypertension and variceal bleeding during receiving tyrosine kinase inhibitors therapy: Beyond and known frontiers","authors":"Zheng Song,&nbsp;Xiujuan Chang,&nbsp;Yongping Yang","doi":"10.1002/lci2.78","DOIUrl":"10.1002/lci2.78","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) poses a significant global burden, with most patients being diagnosed at an advanced stage, leading to poor prognosis due to the lack of systemic treatment. The approval of oral tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), immune checkpoint inhibitors, and anti-angiogenic agents has rapidly expanded the treatment prospects for HCC. However, the use of these drugs has also increased the incidence of portal hypertension (PHT) and upper gastrointestinal variceal bleeding in HCC patients. The diagnosis, screening, emergency treatment, and secondary prevention of upper gastrointestinal variceal rebleeding in advanced HCC patients undergoing oral TKIs therapy have become clinically urgent and critical issues. This review provides an overview of the existing understanding regarding the uses and limitations of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) insertion for managing HCC in cirrhosis patients with PHT and variceal hemorrhage. Additionally, it explores the potential of TIPS in managing acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding and preventing rebleeding in advanced HCC patients undergoing TKIs therapy. The placement of TIPS within the treatment hierarchy is determined by the specific clinical environment and the individual attributes of the patient.</p>","PeriodicalId":93331,"journal":{"name":"Liver cancer international","volume":"4 3-4","pages":"127-138"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/lci2.78","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138976511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real-world experiences of atezolizumab plus bevacizumab in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma in Hong Kong","authors":"Dorothy C. Y. Yiu,&nbsp;Brandon L. H. Chan,&nbsp;Alex C. F. Wong,&nbsp;Maple Y. Feng,&nbsp;Stephen L. Chan","doi":"10.1002/lci2.76","DOIUrl":"10.1002/lci2.76","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The IMbrave150 trial established atezolizumab–bevacizumab as the new standard of care for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, evidence on its applications in real-world patients is limited. We report the efficacy and safety of atezolizumab–bevacizumab in a Chinese cohort of HCC patients ineligible for clinical trials.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Electronic medical records of patients diagnosed with HCC and with pharmacy orders of atezolizumab and bevacizumab between 2019 and 2021 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients' demographics, performance status, stage, treatment received, adverse events and death time (if any) were recorded.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Thirteen eligible patients were included. mOS of HCC patients was 18.6 months [6.8–30.4], while mPFS was 9.3 months [0–19.4]. No grade 5 adverse events were reported.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This real-world study provides real-world experiences of atezolizumab–bevacizumab as first-line and subsequent therapy in patients with unresectable HCC. Further validation on the efficacy and safety of atezolizumab–bevacizumab as second-line or later lines of treatment should be conducted.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":93331,"journal":{"name":"Liver cancer international","volume":"4 3-4","pages":"121-126"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/lci2.76","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135634373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics of cabozantinib treatment in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma","authors":"Kazuhiro Nouso,&nbsp;Shohei Shiota,&nbsp;Rio Fujita,&nbsp;Akiko Wakuta,&nbsp;Kazuya Kariyama,&nbsp;Atsushi Hiraoka,&nbsp;Masanori Atsukawa,&nbsp;Joji Tani,&nbsp;Toshifumi Tada,&nbsp;Yu Matsuo,&nbsp;Shinichiro Nakamura,&nbsp;Kazuto Tajiri,&nbsp;Masaki Kaibori,&nbsp;Masashi Hirooka,&nbsp;Ei Itobayashi,&nbsp;Satoru Kakizaki,&nbsp;Atsushi Naganuma,&nbsp;Toru Ishikawa,&nbsp;Takeshi Hatanaka,&nbsp;Shinya Fukunishi,&nbsp;Kunihiko Tsuji,&nbsp;Kazuhito Kawata,&nbsp;Koichi Takaguchi,&nbsp;Akemi Tsutsui,&nbsp;Chikara Ogawa,&nbsp;Hironori Ochi,&nbsp;Satoshi Yasuda,&nbsp;Hidenori Toyoda,&nbsp;Takashi Kumada,&nbsp;the Real-life Practice Experts for HCC (RELPEC) Study Group and HCC 48 Group (hepatocellular carcinoma experts from 48 clinics in Japan)","doi":"10.1002/lci2.74","DOIUrl":"10.1002/lci2.74","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cabozantinib is a molecular targeted agent (MTA) used for treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Although its superiority over placebo has been proven, its effectiveness and risk factors in real-world practice are needed to be elucidated.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study retrospectively enrolled 54 advanced HCC patients, who were treated with cabozantinib. The effectiveness of cabozantinib, adverse events (AE) and risk factors for survival was analysed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Majority of the patients (88.9%) were treated with two or more MTAs before starting cabozantinib and atezolizumab plus bevacizumab was the most prevalent MTA used (59.3%). The median overall survival and progression-free survival (PFS) were 6.9 and 4.4 months, respectively. The objective response rate and disease control rate were 3.7% and 40.7%, respectively. Grade 3/4 AE occurred in 37.0% of the patients; however, unpredictable AE was not observed. Multivariate analysis revealed that high neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (NLR, &gt;4) was a risk factor for survival (hazard ratio for death, 2.35; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.41–4.82; <i>p</i> = 0.020). Moreover, the occurrence of Grade 3/4 AE was a negative risk factor for both survival (hazard ratio for death, 0.36; 95% CI, 0.16–0.83; <i>p</i> = 0.016) and PFS (hazard ratio for disease progression or death, 0.33; 95% CI, 0.15–0.73; <i>p</i> = 0.006). Neither preceding therapy with atezolizumab/bevacizumab nor a reduced starting dose correlated with patient survival.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cabozantinib can be used safely in real-world practice. The study identified high NLR as a positive risk factor and the occurrence of Grade 3/4 AE as a negative risk factor for survival.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":93331,"journal":{"name":"Liver cancer international","volume":"4 3-4","pages":"101-108"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/lci2.74","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135886059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TACE for HCC: A critical review of the 2021 CIRSE recommendations with presentation of a technique for a degradable starch microsphere—TACE","authors":"Franz Fobbe,&nbsp;Joachim Boese-Landgraf","doi":"10.1002/lci2.73","DOIUrl":"10.1002/lci2.73","url":null,"abstract":"<p>There is no consensus on which substances and which method should be used for transarterial chemoembolization. A publication commissioned by CIRSE 2021 attempted to formulate recommendations. However, only the spectrum of currently implemented procedures is outlined but no recommendation was made. In this article, therefore, basic considerations regarding the technique of chemoembolization are presented, and the authors discuss fundamental considerations about the embolic materials used, the cytostatic drugs and their dosage, as well as about pain therapy during treatment. Then, a technique is presented which used degradable starch microspheres as an embolic agent. This technique enables multiple treatments over a longer period. However, this proposal is not only evidence-based but also eminence-based. What we need are controlled studies that systematically compare different treatment techniques in a sufficient number of patients. This will hopefully help to find the best method for individual patients. Until then, the technique proposed by the authors can be applied.</p>","PeriodicalId":93331,"journal":{"name":"Liver cancer international","volume":"4 2","pages":"89-95"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/lci2.73","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44858381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}