Liver cancer international最新文献

{"title":"Enhancing Histology Detection in MASH Cirrhosis for Artificial Intelligence Pathology Platform by Expert Pathologist Training","authors":"Zachary Goodman,&nbsp;Kutbuddin Akbary,&nbsp;Mazen Noureddin,&nbsp;Yayun Ren,&nbsp;Elaine Chng,&nbsp;Dean Tai,&nbsp;Pol Boudes,&nbsp;Guadalupe Garcia-Tsao,&nbsp;Stephen Harrison,&nbsp;Naga Chalasani","doi":"10.1002/lci2.70007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lci2.70007","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study addresses the need for precise histopathological assessment of liver biopsies in Metabolic dysfunction-Associated Steatohepatitis (MASH) cirrhosis, where assessing nuanced drug effects on fibrosis becomes pivotal. The study describes a framework for the development and validation of an Artificial Intelligence (AI) model, leveraging SHG/TPE microscopy along with insights from an expert hepatopathologist, to precisely annotate fibrous septa and nodules in liver biopsies in MASH cirrhosis. A total of 25 liver biopsies from the Belapectin trial (NCT04365868) were randomly selected for training, and an additional 10 for validation. Each biopsy underwent three sections: Smooth Muscle Actin (SMA) and Sirius Red (SR) staining for septa and nodule annotation by pathologists and an unstained section for SHG/TPE imaging and AI annotation using qSepta and qNodule algorithms. Re-training of qSepta and qNodule algorithms was executed based on pathologist annotations. Sensitivity and positive predictive value (PPV) were employed to evaluate concordance with pathologist annotations, both pre- and post-training and during validation. Post-re-training by pathologist annotations, the AI demonstrated improved sensitivity for qSepta annotations, achieving 91% post-training (versus 84% pre-training). Sensitivity for qSepta in the validation cohort also improved to 91%. Additionally, PPV significantly improved from 69% pre-training to 85% post-training and reached 94% during validation. For qNodule annotations, sensitivity increased from 82% post-training to 90% in the validation cohort, while the PPV was consistent at 95% across both training and validation cohorts.This study outlines a strategic framework for developing and validating an AI model tailored for precise histopathological assessment of MASH cirrhosis, using pathologist training and annotations. The outcomes emphasise the crucial role of disease-specific customisation of AI models, based on expert pathologist training, in improving accuracy and applicability in clinical trials, marking a step forward in understanding and addressing the histopathological evaluation of MASH cirrhosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":93331,"journal":{"name":"Liver cancer international","volume":"5 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/lci2.70007","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142860569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Insight into the Genetic Predisposition of Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease in Africa","authors":"Yusuf Moolla,&nbsp;Veron Ramsuran","doi":"10.1002/lci2.70006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lci2.70006","url":null,"abstract":"<p>African individuals with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MAFLD) may have unique genetic factors that influence the clinical manifestations of MAFLD. The paucity of both epidemiological data on MAFLD within Africa and the lack of genetic research thereof have disadvantaged the population, as extrapolated data out the region has been utilised to direct health care policy and management of the disease. This unique cohort of MAFLD individuals within Africa requires further epidemiological and genomic research to advance precision medicine within the realm of clinical hepatology. With the anticipated increase in non-communicable disease that sub-Saharan African may experience in the near future, a robust large study within Africa may provide insight as to whether MAFLD prevalence may be expected to significantly add to this impending health burden; furthermore, a genetic research component may provide insight into whether protective genetic variants are present or whether there is a lack of pathogenic variants, thereby allowing clinicians and policy strategists to have a better understanding of the disease prevalence and manifestations in African individuals. The aim of this publication was to review the current prevalence trends of MAFLD within Africa and the knowledge of the genetic landscape of MAFLD individuals of African descent.</p>","PeriodicalId":93331,"journal":{"name":"Liver cancer international","volume":"5 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/lci2.70006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142762539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy Combined With Immunotherapy for Patients With Hepatocellular Carcinoma-A Review","authors":"Ajay Patel","doi":"10.1002/lci2.70005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lci2.70005","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Radiotherapy has been proven to act synergistically with immunotherapy to prime the immune response against the immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment. Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) produces a greater variety of tumour-associated antigens. This can elicit an even stronger anti-tumour immune response, especially when combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors to prevent T cell exhaustion. This response is particularly useful in hepatocellular carcinoma patients due to a naturally immunosuppressive environment. SBRT has provided excellent local control rates in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Retrospective and prospective clinical trials involving advanced-stage HCC patients support combining SBRT with immune checkpoint inhibitors. Actively recruiting phase III randomised controlled trials are currently testing this promising combination in HCC patients. This mini-review outlines the rationale for combining the two modalities in HCC patients. Current guidelines for HCC and successes in the field using the combination treatment will also be discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":93331,"journal":{"name":"Liver cancer international","volume":"5 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/lci2.70005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142707918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shared genetic architecture of non-viral cirrhosis with several pleiotropic traits: A nested case-control study in the UK Biobank","authors":"Jinyoung Byun,&nbsp;Hyun-Seok Kim,&nbsp;Younghun Han,&nbsp;Aaron P. Thrift,&nbsp;Sabrina M. Lin,&nbsp;Xiangjun Xiao,&nbsp;Hyeyeun Lim,&nbsp;Goo Jun,&nbsp;Stacia M. Desantis,&nbsp;Hashem B. El-Serag,&nbsp;Fasiha Kanwal,&nbsp;Christopher I. Amos","doi":"10.1002/lci2.70002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lci2.70002","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cirrhosis is a leading cause of liver-related mortality and a multifactorial disease. To date, the complex genetic architecture of non-viral cirrhosis has not been fully explored. Cross-trait genetic correlations can elucidate the common genetic aetiology of genetically correlated phenotypes. This study aims to identify polygenic and pleiotropic traits associated with cirrhosis using the linkage disequilibrium score regression analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We conducted genome-wide association analysis of 9 622 842 imputed SNPs on 3368 non-viral cirrhosis cases and 258 258 controls, and cross-trait analysis between non-viral cirrhosis and various polygenic and pleiotropic traits using the UK Biobank cohort study. We further performed sensitivity analyses by removing genomic regions of alcohol intake, smoking behaviours and obesity. We observed multiple traits showing robust genetic correlations (rg) with non-viral cirrhosis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We found strong genetic correlations between the genetic architectures of non-viral cirrhosis and clinical/physiologic factors, including BMI (rg = 0.82), alanine aminotransferase (0.71), diabetes (0.70), number of cigarettes currently smoked daily (0.67), amount of alcohol drunk on a typical drinking day (0.60), insomnia (0.59), gout (0.57), depression (0.50), apolipoprotein-A (−0.33) and HDL cholesterol (−0.49). Exclusion of genomic regions associated with alcohol intake, smoking behaviours and obesity demonstrated consistent directions and persistent associations in genetic patterns. The inheritability of cirrhosis on the observed scale showed 0.56%.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study provides a comprehensive assessment of the shared genetic architecture of non-viral cirrhosis predisposition and numerous polygenic and pleiotropic traits, most notably BMI, alanine aminotransferase and diabetes. These findings provide new information on underlying comorbid conditions that can increase the non-viral cirrhosis risk.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":93331,"journal":{"name":"Liver cancer international","volume":"5 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/lci2.70002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142642089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hepatocyte-Specific Knockout of Na+/H+ Exchanger-1 Does Not Ameliorate NASH-Associated Liver Damage in Mice","authors":"Lise M. Sjøgaard-Frich,&nbsp;Cecilie M. Egeskov,&nbsp;Jens F. Halling,&nbsp;Muthulakshmi Ponniah,&nbsp;Oksana Dmytriyeva,&nbsp;Henriette Pilegaard,&nbsp;Stine Falsig Pedersen","doi":"10.1002/lci2.70003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lci2.70003","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the fastest-growing liver-related cause of mortality, affecting about 25% of the adult world population. Despite this, fundamental questions regarding the underlying mechanisms remain incompletely answered. In mice, whole-body knockout (KO) of Na⁺/H⁺ exchanger NHE1 (SLC9A1) was suggested to be protective against NASH. However, the translatability of this finding is confounded by the fact that global NHE1 KO affects ubiquitous processes in tissues outside of the liver. Here, we aimed to determine the role of hepatocyte NHE1 in NAFLD. We generated a hepatocyte-specific NHE1 KO (NHE1 HKO) mouse and determined the impact of NHE1 loss on liver metabolism and NAFLD characteristics following methionine–choline-deficient (MCD) diet. Loss of hepatocyte NHE1 does not protect against NAFLD development, but rather seems to impair basal ROS balance in the mouse liver.</p>","PeriodicalId":93331,"journal":{"name":"Liver cancer international","volume":"5 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/lci2.70003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142524937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical relevance of subtyping CTNNB1-mutated hepatocellular adenomas: Different risk patterns according to the mutation type","authors":"Paulette Bioulac-Sage,&nbsp;Christine Sempoux,&nbsp;Annette S. H. Gouw,&nbsp;Valérie Paradis,&nbsp;Brigitte Le Bail,&nbsp;Anne Aurélie Raymond,&nbsp;Charles Balabaud","doi":"10.1002/lci2.70000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lci2.70000","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Beta-catenin-activated hepatocellular adenomas (b-HCA) with exon 3 (ex3) non-S45, ex3 S45 or ex7/8 mutations display different glutamine synthetase (GS)-immunostaining patterns; the latter two show a GS-positive/CD34-negative rim contrasting with diffuse CD34 in the HCA core. Our objective was to determine whether discriminating the three b-HCA mutation subtypes is clinically relevant.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We analysed the clinicopathological data of the three b-HCA subtypes (37 resected cases) and compared it with the corresponding subtypes of beta-catenin-activated inflammatory HCA (b-IHCA, 40 cases).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The mean age of b-HCA ex7/8 and ex3 S45 were 25.9 and 27.3 years respectively. Clinical bleeding occurred in 67% and 63%, including five cases of pregnant women; malignant transformation was not observed in these two subtypes. The mean age of the b-HCA ex3 non-S45 subtype (41 years) was significantly higher; clinical bleeding occurred in 14% while all cases contained malignancy. Such differences in age and clinical complications were not found in the b-IHCA subtypes. Additionally, we found abnormal vessels in b-HCA ex3 S45 and ex7/8, near the GS⁺/CD34⁻ rim, which was not seen in ex3 non-S45. These vessels can function as an adjunct to discriminate between the b-HCA subgroups.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In our series, b-HCA ex7/8 and ex3 S45 patients are significantly younger and have higher clinical bleeding risk than b-HCA ex3 non-S45 patients who have a higher malignant risk. Hence, in b-HCA, due to the differences in clinical complications, it is clinically relevant to identify all three subtypes individually.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":93331,"journal":{"name":"Liver cancer international","volume":"5 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/lci2.70000","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142174189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The beneficial hepatic effects of glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists in patients with diabetes and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease are independent of weight loss","authors":"Roberta Forlano,&nbsp;Huma Malik,&nbsp;Benjamin H. Mullish,&nbsp;Michael Yee,&nbsp;Chioma Izzi-Engbeaya,&nbsp;Pinelopi Manousou","doi":"10.1002/lci2.86","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lci2.86","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is the most prevalent chronic liver disease worldwide. Despite resmetirom being recently approved for treatingnon-cirrhotic MASH patients in the United States of America (but not elsewhere), weight loss and lifestyle remain the first line and mainstay for treating the condition. Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) have shown promise in MASLD treatment, as they promote significant weight loss.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this study, we assessed the effect of long-term GLP-1 therapy on liver disease severity in a cohort of patients with Type 2 diabetes and MASLD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this retrospective observational study, we included all new MASLD patients seen in the liver clinic (Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust) from January 2010 to May 2022. Demographic, anthropometric and clinical data were collected at baseline and at the most recent follow-up.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>779 patients were included. Among those with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) (<i>n</i> = 335), 94 (28%) were prescribed a GLP-1RA for a median period of 38 (1–171.2) months. In those on GLP-1RA, there was a significant improvement in BMI (33.1 vs. 34.9 kg/m², <i>p</i> = 0.005), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (37 vs. 58 IU/L, <i>p</i> = 0.009), HbA1c (58 vs. 61 mmol/lL, <i>p</i> = 0.006) and CAP score (331 vs. 354 dB/m, <i>p</i> = 0.0001) at the end of follow-up. Finally, among those who were treated with GLP-1RA, 37 patients had &lt;5% weight loss over a median of 38 (10–134) months. In this group, there was also a significant reduction in ALT (32 vs. 58 IU/L, <i>p</i> = 0.0001), AST (30 vs. 36 IU/L, <i>p</i> = 0.004) and CAP score (329 vs. 349 dB/m, <i>p</i> = 0.05) compared with those who lost &gt;5% weight. In this real-life cohort of patients with diabetes and MASLD, treatment with GLP-1RA was associated with greater weight loss and hepatic fat reduction. Of note, a reduction in fat content was observed also in those who did not lose weight.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Treatment with GLP-1RA should be favoured when treating patients with co-existing diabetes and MASLD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":93331,"journal":{"name":"Liver cancer international","volume":"5 1-2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/lci2.86","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141624567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"LOXL2 in non-alcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH): Insights into fibrosis pathogenesis and therapeutic potential","authors":"Joys Rachel Immanuel,&nbsp;Rajnish Kumar,&nbsp;Ashish Kumar Agrahari,&nbsp;Shailendra Asthana","doi":"10.1002/lci2.85","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lci2.85","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Liver fibrosis involves increased extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition, with lysyl oxidase-like 2 (LOXL2) emerging as a key player due to its upregulation in fibrotic tissue. As a member of the lysyl oxidase protein family, LOXL2 contributes to ECM accumulation and remodelling through fibre cross-linking. Its aberrant expression in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) implicates it in liver fibrosis. LOXL2 promotes fibrosis by activating hepatic stellate cells, cross-linking ECM proteins, and influencing oxidative stress, inflammation and lipid metabolism. Preclinical studies on LOXL2 inhibitors show promise in reducing fibrosis and improving liver function. Ongoing clinical trials further highlight LOXL2 as a potential anti-fibrotic target. However, challenges such as species differences, tissue-specific effects and the complexity of NASH pathogenesis require additional research. Understanding LOXL2's role in NASH will aid in developing effective treatments for NASH-related fibrosis and liver damage.</p>","PeriodicalId":93331,"journal":{"name":"Liver cancer international","volume":"5 1-2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/lci2.85","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141624555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of hepatic steatosis on risk of acute liver injury in people with chronic hepatitis B and SARS-CoV-2 infection","authors":"Matthew S. H. Chung,&nbsp;Carlos K. H. Wong,&nbsp;Xue Li,&nbsp;Francisco T. T. Lai,&nbsp;Eric Y. F. Wan,&nbsp;Celine S. L. Chui,&nbsp;Franco W. T. Cheng,&nbsp;Esther W. Chan,&nbsp;Ching Lung Cheung,&nbsp;Xi Xiong,&nbsp;Lanlan Li,&nbsp;Wai Kay Seto,&nbsp;Man-Fung Yuen,&nbsp;Lung-Yi Mak,&nbsp;Ian C. K. Wong","doi":"10.1002/lci2.84","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lci2.84","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>SARS-CoV-2 infection was known to be associated with higher risk of liver impairment in people with chronic hepatitis B infection (CHB). However, evidence regarding the impact of concomitant hepatic steatosis (HS) on the risk of liver disease among people with CHB and SARS-CoV-2 infection is lacking. We investigated the impact of concomitant HS on people with CHB suffering from SARS-CoV-2 infection.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This retrospective cohort study was performed using an electronic health database for people in Hong Kong with CHB and confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection between 21 January 2020 and 31 January 2023. People with HS diagnosis (HS + CHB + COVID-19) were identified and matched 1:1 by propensity score with those without (CHB + COVID-19). Each person was followed up until death, outcome event, or 31st January 2023. Study outcome was incidence of acute liver injury (ALI) within first 28 days since COVID-19 diagnosis. Severity of ALI and comparison of ALI risk stratified by the presence of CHB infection and HS were also analysed. Incidence rate ratios (IRRs) were estimated by Poisson regression models.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Of 52 259 COVID-19 patients with CHB infection in the cohort, 15 391 people with HS + CHB + COVID-19 and 15 391 people with CHB + COVID-19 were included after matching. HS + CHB + COVID-19 was associated with increased risk of ALI (IRR: 1.41, 95% CI:1.05–1.90, <i>p</i> = 0.023), compared to CHB + COVID-19. Over 99% ALI cases were mild to moderate severity, and there were no differences in the severity of ALI between HS + CHB + COVID-19 and CHB + COVID-19 (<i>p</i> = 0.127).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Concomitant HS was associated with increased risk of ALI among people with CHB infection suffering from SARS-CoV-2 infection.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":93331,"journal":{"name":"Liver cancer international","volume":"5 1-2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/lci2.84","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141624440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geographic and temporal trends in aetiology, incidence and mortality from hepatocellular carcinoma in European Union 15+ countries","authors":"Georgina Hanbury,&nbsp;Chinmay Jani,&nbsp;Nour Abdallah,&nbsp;Shoheera Punjwani,&nbsp;Omar Al Omari,&nbsp;Harpreet Singh,&nbsp;Ruchi Jani,&nbsp;Joseph Shalhoub,&nbsp;Justin D. Salciccioli,&nbsp;Dominic C. Marshall,&nbsp;David J. Pinato","doi":"10.1002/lci2.77","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lci2.77","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide. This study considers the geographical trends in incidence and mortality from HCC.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Data were obtained for each EU15+ country from the Global Burden of Disease Study database. Age-standardised incidence rates (ASIRs), mortality rates (ASMRs) and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) were extracted for each year from 1990 to 2019. Data were subdivided into males and females. Mortality-to-incidence ratios (MIRs) were calculated. All Indices were reported per 100 000 population, and trends were described using Joinpoint regression.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>ASIRs increased in 17/19 countries in females and 18/19 countries in males between 1990 and 2019. ASMRs increased in all countries except Italy (for both sexes) and Sweden (for females). MIR decreased in all countries except Denmark in males (+8.0) and females (+1.2). Ireland saw the greatest decline in MIR among females (−15.0%) and the United Kingdom for males (−16.4%). DALYs increased in all countries except Italy for males and females and Sweden for females.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The incidence of and mortality from hepatocellular carcinoma are increasing in the majority of EU15+ countries. The rise in mortality and fall in MIR may suggest that outcomes from HCC are improving, despite an increased disease burden.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":93331,"journal":{"name":"Liver cancer international","volume":"4 3-4","pages":"109-120"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/lci2.77","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139042180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}