Liver cancer international最新文献

{"title":"T cells in the heterogeneous tumour immune microenvironment of hepatocellular carcinoma: Implications for immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy","authors":"Maryam Barsch,&nbsp;Henrike Salié,&nbsp;Andreea Mesesan,&nbsp;Bertram Bengsch","doi":"10.1002/lci2.72","DOIUrl":"10.1002/lci2.72","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Recently, patient care was revolutionized by the introduction of immunotherapy combining anti-programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) checkpoint inhibition with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy as first-line treatment for advanced unresectable HCC. Additional promising studies with mono- or combination immunotherapy are in advanced phases of clinical testing. Currently, however, our understanding of which patients profit from immunotherapy and how therapy response may be related to the composition of the tumour immune microenvironment remains incomplete. Inhibitory receptors as targets of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapies are strongly expressed by T cells in the tumour microenvironment (TME). However, the HCC microenvironment is highly heterogeneous as illustrated by distinct molecular subtypes and subclassifications with an immune-rich microenvironment representing only a small proportion of HCCs. A better understanding of the tumour immune microenvironment is expected to provide insights for clinically applicable biomarkers to optimize immunotherapies. Recent studies identified subtypes of PD-1 expressing CD8+ T cells with divergent function in the HCC TME associated with different outcomes, suggesting that specific PD-1 expressing CD8+ tissue-resident memory T cells (TRM), but not exhausted CD8+ T cells (TEX), govern positive therapy outcomes. This review discusses the T-cell response in the HCC TME in the context of its heterogeneity, molecular and immune classifications and implications for ICI therapy and biomarker discovery.</p>","PeriodicalId":93331,"journal":{"name":"Liver cancer international","volume":"4 1","pages":"58-72"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/lci2.72","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47614033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of metformin on clinical outcomes in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors","authors":"Sandra Kang,&nbsp;Lana Khalil,&nbsp;Ashley McCook-Veal,&nbsp;Yuan Liu,&nbsp;John Galvin,&nbsp;Amber Draper,&nbsp;Nima Kokabi,&nbsp;Maria Diab,&nbsp;Walid Shaib,&nbsp;Olatunji Alese,&nbsp;Olumide Gbolahan,&nbsp;Bassel El-Rayes,&nbsp;Mehmet Akce","doi":"10.1002/lci2.71","DOIUrl":"10.1002/lci2.71","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a common cause of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) worldwide. Emerging data suggests NASH-induced HCC could be associated with less response to immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-based therapy. Metformin has been associated with improved outcomes in cancers like melanoma treated with ICIs, but its impact on HCC is not well defined. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of metformin on clinical outcomes in patients with advanced HCC treated with ICIs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We retrospectively analysed patients with advanced HCC treated with ICIs in first and later-line settings between 2015 and 2021. The primary endpoints were overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and objective response rate (ORR) as assessed according to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumours (RECIST) version 1.1. Patients were stratified based on their usage of metformin.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our study included 18 patients in the metformin group and 93 patients in the non-metformin group. The most common causes of HCC were viral hepatitis (52%), NASH (29%), and alcohol (8%). ORR was 5.6% in the metformin group vs 22.6% in the non-metformin group (<i>P</i> = .0987). Median OS was 10.8 months versus 45.9 months (HR = 1.99, 95% CI = 0.95–4.21, <i>P</i> = .065) and median PFS was 2.5 months versus 6.6 months (<i>P</i> = .077) in the metformin and non-metformin groups, respectively. Regardless of metformin usage, OS was significantly worse in patients with poor ECOG performance status, HCC aetiology of NASH, MELD score 10–23, AFP &gt;= 400, and use of ICIs in later lines of therapy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Metformin use was associated with a trend, although not statistically significant, toward a worse ORR, OS and PFS in advanced HCC patients treated with ICIs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":93331,"journal":{"name":"Liver cancer international","volume":"4 2","pages":"77-88"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/lci2.71","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44216578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of diagnostic and prognostic molecular biomarkers in hepatocellular carcinoma using machine learning: A systematic review","authors":"Amanpreet Brar,&nbsp;Alice Zhu,&nbsp;Cristina Baciu,&nbsp;Divya Sharma,&nbsp;Wei Xu,&nbsp;Ani Orchanian-Cheff,&nbsp;Bo Wang,&nbsp;Jüri Reimand,&nbsp;Robert Grant,&nbsp;Mamatha Bhat","doi":"10.1002/lci2.66","DOIUrl":"10.1002/lci2.66","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality and morbidity worldwide. Machine learning (ML) tools have been developed in recent years to generate diagnostic and prognostic molecular biomarkers for this high-fatality cancer. To delineate the landscape of ML in HCC, we performed a systematic search of Ovid Medline, Ovid Embase, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (Ovid) and Cochrane CENTRAL (Ovid) to identify studies of HCC molecular biomarkers using ML strategies. In total, 75 studies met our inclusion criteria, 53 of which were pertinent to diagnosis of HCC and 22 of which were pertinent to prognostication of HCC. Genomic, transcriptomic, epigenomic, proteomic and metabolomic signatures were derived using various ML techniques (supervised, unsupervised and deep learning approaches) using serum, urine and tissue samples of HCC. The ML algorithms achieved a sensitivity of up to 95% for the diagnosis of HCC. Through pathway analysis of the signatures derived by ML tools, we identified regulators of epithelial-mesenchymal transition and the cancer pathway Ras/Raf/MAPK as being particularly prognostic of HCC outcome. The application of ML to molecular data in HCC has thus far resulted in the generation of highly sensitive diagnostic and prognostic signatures. In future, development of ML algorithms that incorporate clinical, laboratory, alongside molecular features will be needed to fulfil the promise of personalized HCC diagnosis and treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":93331,"journal":{"name":"Liver cancer international","volume":"3 4","pages":"141-161"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/lci2.66","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48539055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Very late local recurrences of hepatocellular carcinoma with macrovascular invasion treated with stereotactic body radiotherapy: Report of two cases","authors":"Gordon E. Locke,&nbsp;Khalid Alrabiah,&nbsp;Tae Kyoung Kim,&nbsp;Jennifer Knox,&nbsp;Raymond Jang,&nbsp;Laura A. Dawson","doi":"10.1002/lci2.69","DOIUrl":"10.1002/lci2.69","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is becoming an accepted local therapy in patients who are not candidates for surgical intervention, ablation or transarterial chemo-embolization. In patients with HCC with macrovascular invasion, SBRT is sometimes the treatment of choice, especially when systemic therapies are contraindicated, not available or if the HCC is refractory to systemic therapy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We present two cases of HCC with tumour macrovascular invasion treated with SBRT. Both tumours appeared to have a complete response to SBRT over the subsequent 5 years.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Very late, in-field local recurrences of HCC were diagnosed 73 and 78 months following SBRT. One patient underwent re-irradiation, was started on Levatinib and remains alive at 12 months following his recurrence. The other patient experienced rapid hepatic and extra-hepatic HCC progression shortly after the local recurrence occurred, and they expired 6 months later.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We demonstrate that patients treated with SBRT for HCC, with or without vascular invasion, may have prolonged tumour control and overall survival beyond 5 years. As more HCC patients are living longer compared to historical cohorts, it has become apparent that very late local recurrences of HCC may occur highlighting the need for long-term surveillance.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":93331,"journal":{"name":"Liver cancer international","volume":"3 4","pages":"162-166"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/lci2.69","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43464671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perspectives for novel therapeutic concepts in hepatocellular carcinoma targeting the stromal and innate immune microenvironment","authors":"Charlotte Rennert,&nbsp;Julia Lang-Meli,&nbsp;Mikhail Gromak,&nbsp;Maike Hofmann,&nbsp;Robert Thimme,&nbsp;Natascha Roehlen","doi":"10.1002/lci2.70","DOIUrl":"10.1002/lci2.70","url":null,"abstract":"Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major public health burden with increasing incidence and mortality worldwide. Arising almost exclusively on the background of chronic liver disease, the tumour microenvironment plays a tremendous role in the occurrence and progression of HCC. With the emergence of checkpoint inhibitor‐based combination therapies as first‐line therapy in advanced HCC, the tumour microenvironment has drawn increasing attention as a target for novel therapeutic approaches. In fact, checkpoint‐inhibitor‐based immunotherapies currently dominate clinical studies on HCC therapy. Importantly, whilst checkpoint‐inhibitor‐based immune‐oncology primarily targets T‐cells, the tumour microenvironment consists of a wide variety of different cell populations that show complex interactions with each other and the malignant tumour cells. Stromal cells and representatives of the innate immune system, such as macrophages, neutrophils and natural killer cells hereby orchestrate the initial immune response and thus appear as attractive targets for broad therapeutic effects, less susceptible to immune escape. In this review, we aim to discuss the current knowledge on the role of innate immune cells and stromal cell populations in HCC initiation and progression as well as related novel therapeutic concepts.","PeriodicalId":93331,"journal":{"name":"Liver cancer international","volume":"4 1","pages":"42-57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/lci2.70","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43744058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The regulation and functions of ACSL3 and ACSL4 in the liver and hepatocellular carcinoma","authors":"Jorlin Liu,&nbsp;Mark G. Waugh","doi":"10.1002/lci2.68","DOIUrl":"10.1002/lci2.68","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a heterogeneous disease that often features dysregulated tumour lipid metabolism. ACSL3 and ACSL4 are two homologous long chain acyl-coenzyme A synthetases (ACSL) that preferentially catalyse the activation of monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids, respectively. Both enzymes are frequently overexpressed in HCC, and multiple reports have implicated ACSL4 in tumour progression. Increased expression of these isozymes in tumour cells can upregulate lipid metabolism through de novo lipogenesis, fatty acid β-oxidation and acyl chain remodelling of membrane phospholipids. We describe the subcellular functions of ACSL3 and ACSL4 in hepatocytes, and the transcriptional, epigenetic and post-translational mechanisms underpinning their regulation. We discuss the evidence that these enzymes can modulate hepatocarcinogenic signalling by oncoproteins, cell death by apoptosis or ferroptosis, and protein degradation through the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. In addition, we survey how knowledge in this area may inform new approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of HCC and deepen our understanding of how lipid metabolic reprogramming can promote hepatic tumour growth.</p>","PeriodicalId":93331,"journal":{"name":"Liver cancer international","volume":"4 1","pages":"28-41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/lci2.68","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43547356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic and predictive factors for locoregional and systemic therapies in hepatocellular carcinoma","authors":"Simon Gray,&nbsp;Angela Lamarca,&nbsp;Mairéad G. McNamara,&nbsp;Julien Edeline,&nbsp;Karen Piper-Hanley,&nbsp;Juan W. Valle,&nbsp;Richard A. Hubner","doi":"10.1002/lci2.62","DOIUrl":"10.1002/lci2.62","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a growing health concern, with an estimated global incidence of over 1 million by 2025. In its intermediate and advanced stages, HCC remains a challenging condition to treat, despite a recently expanded array of systemic therapies, which continues to grow. Extensive efforts have accordingly been made to identify predictive factors to guide treatment decisions. However, currently, only one predictive biomarker is in widespread clinical use, namely elevated alpha-fetoprotein for second-line systemic therapy with ramucirumab. This article reviews known prognostic and predictive biomarkers for patients with HCC who are treated with locoregional and systemic therapies, including recent controversies around the potential impact of HCC aetiology on the efficacy of systemic therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":93331,"journal":{"name":"Liver cancer international","volume":"4 1","pages":"13-27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/lci2.62","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43237249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ALBI grade predicts suitability for further systemic therapy following sorafenib in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma","authors":"Omar Fakih,&nbsp;Suraiya S. Haddad,&nbsp;Sophie Walker,&nbsp;Julien Edeline,&nbsp;Florien Estrade,&nbsp;Xin Wang,&nbsp;Angela Lamarca,&nbsp;Mairéad G. McNamara,&nbsp;Juan W. Valle,&nbsp;Richard A. Hubner","doi":"10.1002/lci2.61","DOIUrl":"10.1002/lci2.61","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background &amp; Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Preserved performance status (PS) and liver function are required for systemic therapy in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (aHCC). We investigated the frequency of suitability for further systemic therapies following sorafenib in aHCC.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Demographic, tumour and therapy-related data were collected retrospectively for patients with aHCC who received sorafenib at a UK tertiary referral centre (training cohort), and an independent French centre (validation cohort). The primary endpoint was percentage of patients with Child-Pugh class A (CP-A) liver disease and PS 0–1 after sorafenib discontinuation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Sorafenib was received by 182 patients. After sorafenib discontinuation, 93 patients (51%) were CP-A and 60 patients (33%) were PS 0–1; 43 patients (24%) were both CP-A and PS 0–1. On multivariable analysis, patients with Albumin-Bilirubin (ALBI) score of 1 at time of sorafenib commencement were more likely to be suitable for post-sorafenib therapy, (44% grade 1 vs 15% grade 2) (OR 3.76, 95%CI 1.72–8.25, <i>P</i> = .0009). In the validation cohort of 216 patients baseline ALBI grade was also significantly associated with suitability for further systemic therapy (<i>P</i> = .008).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Most patients with aHCC are not suitable for further systemic therapy after sorafenib, but those with ALBI grade 1 have a greater likelihood of suitability.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":93331,"journal":{"name":"Liver cancer international","volume":"4 1","pages":"5-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/lci2.61","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42595039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical factors associated with early disease progression after radioembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma and feasibility of post-progression systemic therapy","authors":"Charlotte Van Laeken,&nbsp;Thibault Taelman,&nbsp;Sarah Cappuyns,&nbsp;Geert Maleux,&nbsp;Vincent Vandecaveye,&nbsp;Chris Verslype,&nbsp;Christophe Deroose,&nbsp;Jeroen Dekervel","doi":"10.1002/lci2.60","DOIUrl":"10.1002/lci2.60","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Radioembolization (RE) for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) can provide clinical benefit for well-selected patients, whilst in others, rapid disease progression is observed. As an alternative for this patient population, new potent systemic treatment options are emerging. We aimed to identify the clinical factors associated with rapid progression following RE and assess the feasibility of starting a systemic treatment after progression.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A retrospective cohort study of patients with unresectable HCC undergoing RE at a single referral centre between January 2009 and December 2018. Progression-free and overall survival times were calculated. Uni- and multivariate cox regression analysis was used to assess factors associated with poor outcomes. Charts were reviewed for post-progression treatment strategies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Overall, 116 patients with unresectable HCC were included. Median PFS after RE was 6.7 months (95% CI 3.97–9.37), which varied significantly (<i>P</i> &lt; .001) with Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status (EGOC PS) (ECOG 0, 20.9 months [95% CI 8.6–33.2]; ECOG 1, 7.7 months [95% CI 3.1–12.1]; ECOG 2, 4.4 months [95% CI 1.7–7]). This association remained significant after multivariate testing, together with the number of HCC lesions (<i>P</i> = .017) and α-FP (<i>P</i> = .050). Progressive disease after RE occurred in 82 patients, of whom only 40 received subsequent systemic treatment. Again, ECOG PS at the time of progression was significantly better for patients who did receive systemic treatment versus those who did not (<i>P</i> = .002).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Patients with unresectable HCC, impaired general condition and multinodular disease have inferior outcomes after radioembolization. After RE, close monitoring of patient performance status, liver function and cancer control is warranted to allow timely initiation of systemic treatment when indicated.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":93331,"journal":{"name":"Liver cancer international","volume":"3 3","pages":"128-136"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/lci2.60","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42124658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine learning and biomarkers in hepatocellular carcinoma: The future is now","authors":"F. Ponziani, E. Giannini, Q. Lai","doi":"10.1002/lci2.67","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lci2.67","url":null,"abstract":"serum, urine, and tissue samples).","PeriodicalId":93331,"journal":{"name":"Liver cancer international","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43330134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}