African journal of medical and health sciences最新文献_第8页

Stocking and sale of misoprostol by patent and proprietary medicine vendors in Nigeria 尼日利亚专利和专有药品销售商储存和销售米索前列醇

African journal of medical and health sciences Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/ajmhs.ajmhs_5_17

A. Jatau, A. Sha’aban, N. Sani, A. Mora

引用次数: 1

A 4-year retrospective review of stillbirths at the Federal Teaching Hospital, Abakaliki, Southeast Nigeria 尼日利亚东南部Abakaliki联邦教学医院4年死产回顾性调查

African journal of medical and health sciences Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/ajmhs.ajmhs_82_16

A. Agbata, J. Eze, C. Ukaegbe, Bartholomew Odio

{"title":"A 4-year retrospective review of stillbirths at the Federal Teaching Hospital, Abakaliki, Southeast Nigeria","authors":"A. Agbata, J. Eze, C. Ukaegbe, Bartholomew Odio","doi":"10.4103/ajmhs.ajmhs_82_16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ajmhs.ajmhs_82_16","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Stillbirth is one of the most common adverse outcomes of pregnancy, yet among the least studied. The objective of this study was to estimate stillbirth rate and describe maternal and obstetric characteristics of stillbirths at the Federal Teaching Hospital, Abakaliki (FETHA), Ebonyi State, southeast Nigeria. Material and Methods: This was a 4-year review of stillbirths at the FETHA, from January 2012 to December 2015. All stillbirth folders were retrieved and relevant information entered in a proforma designed for the study. Statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, version 24.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY). Stillbirth rate was calculated as a proportion of total births. Results were presented as mean ± standard deviation, rates, and percentages/proportions. Results: A stillbirth rate of 41.4 was calculated for this study. The mean age for stillbirth was 28.8 years ± 5.4 (range 17–45 years). The median parity was 3, with a range of 0 to 13. About 68.8% or 276/401 of the women were unbooked. Among women who had stillbirths, only about 14% had tertiary education. Women of low social class constituted the greatest percentage (73.5%) who experienced stillbirth. The proportion of male stillbirths was higher than female stillbirth (54.1% or 216/392). About 58.4% or (230/394) of the stillbirths turned out to be macerated. In about 22.4% of cases, the immediate complication leading to stillbirth was not indicated. None of the stillbirths had autopsy performed. Conclusion: The stillbirth rate of 41.4 per 1000 observed at the study center was high. This reflects the overall picture in developing countries. A major finding from the study is the absence of postmortem examination to determine cause of stillbirth. This may be a major challenge in the effort to reduce stillbirth rate in resource-poor setting like ours.","PeriodicalId":93249,"journal":{"name":"African journal of medical and health sciences","volume":"70 1","pages":"19 - 24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86220678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Chronic kidney disease risk factors in workers of an agricultural research institute in Southern Nigeria 尼日利亚南部某农业研究所工作人员的慢性肾病危险因素

African journal of medical and health sciences Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/ajmhs.ajmhs_12_17

E. Okaka, B. Eiya, A. Olokor, I. Iyawe, C. Okwuonu, O. Adejumo, O. Ojeh-Oziegbe, F. Imarhiagbe, E. Unuigbe

{"title":"Chronic kidney disease risk factors in workers of an agricultural research institute in Southern Nigeria","authors":"E. Okaka, B. Eiya, A. Olokor, I. Iyawe, C. Okwuonu, O. Adejumo, O. Ojeh-Oziegbe, F. Imarhiagbe, E. Unuigbe","doi":"10.4103/ajmhs.ajmhs_12_17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ajmhs.ajmhs_12_17","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The incidence and prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is on the increase worldwide. Treatment for end-stage kidney disease constitutes a huge burden on the economy of nations affected. Early identification, modification, and treatment of CKD risk factors are the best options. Objective: This study assessed common CKD risk factors in a population of workers in an organization. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional survey that involved 242 workers in an agricultural research institute. CKD risk factors assessed were hypertension (HTN), hyperglycemia, abdominal obesity using waist–hip ratio (WHR), general obesity using body mass index (BMI), proteinuria, and serum creatinine. Results: The prevalence of HTN, elevated blood sugar, general obesity, abdominal obesity, proteinuria, and elevated serum creatinine were 47.1, 9.7, 14.2, 66.5, 5.9, and 20.4%, respectively. Older participants were more likely to have elevated blood pressure, BMI, WHR, and blood sugar serum creatinine. Being a known hypertensive was associated with elevated BMI, WHR, and blood sugar compared with those without a previous diagnosis of HTN. Conclusion: The presence of HTN and being middle aged to elderly was associated with higher CKD risk. Workers in organizations should have mandatory annual screening for CKD and its risk factors to aid risk modification, early detection, and treatment.","PeriodicalId":93249,"journal":{"name":"African journal of medical and health sciences","volume":"265 1","pages":"30 - 35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74933047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Glaucoma medication adherence in an adult population in Nigeria 尼日利亚成人青光眼药物依从性研究

African journal of medical and health sciences Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/ajmhs.ajmhs_80_16

J. Ebeigbe

{"title":"Glaucoma medication adherence in an adult population in Nigeria","authors":"J. Ebeigbe","doi":"10.4103/ajmhs.ajmhs_80_16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ajmhs.ajmhs_80_16","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Glaucoma is a common and potentially blinding condition, which can be managed with the use of appropriate medication therapy. For the medication to be effective, there has to be strict adherence to drug regimen. However, this is not usually the case for many glaucoma patients. The aim of this study was to identify the barriers and facilitators related to glaucoma medication adherence among an adult population. Materials and Methods: Forty-nine participants who had been diagnosed with glaucoma and had been on glaucoma medications for at least a year were recruited and interviewed. They were aged between 18 and 70 years with a mean age of 54 years. The one-on-one in-depth interviews were recorded using an audio recorder. Data obtained were transcribed and analysed using rank ordering to determine the degree of importance. Results: Results identified eight barriers to drug adherence among which were finance/cost of medication (195), forgetfulness (160) and side effects of drops (155). Other barriers were difficulty with drop administration (143), busy schedule (130) and non-availability of eye drops (122) among others. Facilitators identified included fear of blindness (185), desire for improved vision (152) and knowledge about the disease (112). Other facilitators were convenience of eye drop schedule (99), availability of drops (91) and use of alarms (89) among others. Conclusion: Understanding these factors would help eye care practitioners to advice their patients better and greatly slow down the progression of the disease.","PeriodicalId":93249,"journal":{"name":"African journal of medical and health sciences","volume":"36 1","pages":"12 - 18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75120811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Determinants of occupational health and safety: Knowledge, attitude, and safety practices toward occupational hazards of sawmill workers in Egor Local Government Area, Edo State 职业健康和安全的决定因素:江户州Egor地方政府地区锯木厂工人对职业危害的知识、态度和安全做法

African journal of medical and health sciences Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/2384-5589.209487

A. Onowhakpor, Gabriel O Abusu, B. Adebayo, Hendrith A Esene, O. Okojie

{"title":"Determinants of occupational health and safety: Knowledge, attitude, and safety practices toward occupational hazards of sawmill workers in Egor Local Government Area, Edo State","authors":"A. Onowhakpor, Gabriel O Abusu, B. Adebayo, Hendrith A Esene, O. Okojie","doi":"10.4103/2384-5589.209487","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2384-5589.209487","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Sawmilling operations involve a lot of manual handling which exposes the workers to numerous occupational health hazards, which can impact on their occupational health and safety. The knowledge, attitude and safety practices of sawmill workers are paramount for the mitigation and control of these hazards to ensure optimal health and safety. Objectives: This study assessed the knowledge, attitude and safety practices of sawmill workers towards occupational health hazards in Egor Local Government Area, Edo State. Materials and methods: A descriptive cross sectional study was carried out amongst 178 sawmills workers selected using stratified sampling technique. Structured interviewer’s administered questionnaires were used for data collection. Data was analysed with statistical package for scientific solutions version 21.0 software. Univariate and bivariate analysis were done and level of significance was set at P<0.05. Results: The mean age (standard deviation) of respondents was 34.69±9.91. One hundred and seventy five (98.3%) of the respondents were males. A majority 165 (92.7%) of the respondents were aware of dust and noise 160 (89.9%), as occupational hazards in sawmill. One hundred and forty eight (83.1%) of the respondents had positive attitude towards occupational health hazards in sawmill while almost three fifth 103 (57.9%) of the respondent had poor work safety practices. Conclusion: Majority of the sawmill workers had fair knowledge of occupational hazards and positive attitudes towards occupational hazards. However, poor safety practices were evident. There is need to improve the knowledge of sawmill workers in relation to occupational hazards and safety practices so as to mitigate its negative consequences.","PeriodicalId":93249,"journal":{"name":"African journal of medical and health sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":"58 - 64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74846262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 15

Computed tomography findings in pediatric traumatic head injury in Abuja, Nigeria 尼日利亚阿布贾儿童外伤性头部损伤的计算机断层扫描结果

African journal of medical and health sciences Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/ajmhs.ajmhs_13_17

U. Itanyi, H. kolade-Yunusa

{"title":"Computed tomography findings in pediatric traumatic head injury in Abuja, Nigeria","authors":"U. Itanyi, H. kolade-Yunusa","doi":"10.4103/ajmhs.ajmhs_13_17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ajmhs.ajmhs_13_17","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Pediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains one of the leading causes of acquired disability and death in children. The morbidity and mortality associated with significant intracranial injury may be ameliorated by early diagnosis and treatment. Cranial computed tomography (CT) is a reliable imaging method for identification of intracranial lesions in patients with head trauma. Aim: To document the radiologic features of cranial CT in pediatric head trauma patients in a Tertiary Hospital in Abuja, Nigeria. Method: This was a retrospective, cross-sectional study of cranial CT findings in 104 pediatric head trauma patients visiting a tertiary referral hospital in Abuja Nigeria from January 2014 to January 2017. Numerical and graphical descriptors were used to summarize the data. In all statistical tests, significance level was set at an alpha level of 0.05. Result: Ages of studied patients ranged from 3 months to 18 years with mean age of 9.7 (SD 5.4) years with males dominating (66.35%). Road traffic accident, RTA occurred in 82 (79.6%) as the commonest etiologic factor across all age groups with slight dominance in children older than 16 years. Radiologic abnormalities were seen in 89 (85.6%), especially in males. Fractures coexisting with intracranial lesions were the most prevalent findings occurring in 43 (41.3%) patients. Hemorrhagic contusion was the commonest intracranial pathology. Diffuse brain lesions were seen exclusively in patients with clinically severe brain injury. Conclusion: RTA is the commonest etiology of pediatric TBI in our environment with combined fractures and coexisting intracranial hemorrhages as the prevalent finding.","PeriodicalId":93249,"journal":{"name":"African journal of medical and health sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"52 - 57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79389138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Musculoskeletal hydatid masquerading as malignancy: A diagnostic dilemma 伪装成恶性肿瘤的肌肉骨骼包虫病:诊断困境

African journal of medical and health sciences Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/2384-5589.209546

M. Wahid, S. Ahmed, Haji Gowher, Azhar Butoo, S. Ahmed, M. Nabi

引用次数: 0

Qualitative study on determinants of HIV risk behaviors among Nigerian seafarers 尼日利亚海员艾滋病毒风险行为决定因素的定性研究

African journal of medical and health sciences Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/ajmhs.ajmhs_85_16

I. Okeafor, C. Okeafor

{"title":"Qualitative study on determinants of HIV risk behaviors among Nigerian seafarers","authors":"I. Okeafor, C. Okeafor","doi":"10.4103/ajmhs.ajmhs_85_16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ajmhs.ajmhs_85_16","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Seafarers constitute a highly mobile population who are vulnerable to acquiring and transmitting human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) due to their engagement in HIV risk behaviors. Hence, this study aimed to identify the determinants of HIV risk behaviors among seafarers. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted among Nigerian seafarers in Port Harcourt Seaport, Rivers State Nigeria. A qualitative study was employed using a total of four focus group discussions (FGDs) and comprised of three male groups and one female group. Snow-ball method of sampling was used to recruit participants. Data were collected using a FGD guide. Thematic analysis was performed using QSR NVivo version 10 software (QSR International Pty Ltd., Melbourne, Australia). Data were presented as quotes and charts. Results: The study had a total of 28 participants and comprised of 24 males and four females. The mean age of all participants was 39.3 ± 7.8 years. The participants were knowledgeable on HIV/AIDS risk behaviors. The major determinants of these behaviors as revealed by the participants were lack of self-discipline and not being God-fearing (individual-level factors). Other determinants were long duration (more than 6 months) on sea and not traveling with spouse during sea voyage (seafaring-related factors). The determinants on environment of the port and government-related factors included the presence of brothels in port areas and the absence of sensitization visits, respectively. Conclusion: The study noted varying determinants of HIV risk behaviors from individual level to the government level. The authors advocate the need for peer education among seafarers as well as the implementation of HIV enlightenment programs to discourage HIV risk behaviors.","PeriodicalId":93249,"journal":{"name":"African journal of medical and health sciences","volume":"6 1","pages":"6 - 11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74395183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A case report of complete tibia diaphysis extrusion in chronic osteomyelitis 慢性骨髓炎完全性胫骨骨干挤压1例

African journal of medical and health sciences Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/AJMHS.AJMHS_7_17

T. Agu

引用次数: 0

A rare case of thymic hyperplasia in a 6-month-old HIV-exposed infant with signs of airway compression 一个罕见的胸腺增生的情况下，6个月大的艾滋病毒暴露的婴儿气道压迫的迹象

African journal of medical and health sciences Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/ajmhs.ajmhs_24_17

Alemayehu Mekonnen Gezmu

引用次数: 0