African journal of medical and health sciences最新文献_第10页

Vaginal delivery after three previous caesarean sections: A report of two cases 三次剖宫产后阴道分娩:两例报告

African journal of medical and health sciences Pub Date : 2016-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/2384-5589.198318

O. Onafowokan, G. Akaba, F. Adebayo

引用次数: 1

A 3-year review of the pattern of contraceptive use among women attending the family planning clinic of a University Teaching Hospital in Lagos, Nigeria 对在尼日利亚拉各斯一所大学教学医院计划生育诊所就诊的妇女避孕药具使用模式的3年回顾

African journal of medical and health sciences Pub Date : 2016-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/2384-5589.198317

K. Okunade, E. Daramola, A. Ajepe, A. Sekumade

{"title":"A 3-year review of the pattern of contraceptive use among women attending the family planning clinic of a University Teaching Hospital in Lagos, Nigeria","authors":"K. Okunade, E. Daramola, A. Ajepe, A. Sekumade","doi":"10.4103/2384-5589.198317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2384-5589.198317","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Contraceptives are methods or devices used to prevent pregnancy. In Nigeria, the contraceptive prevalence was reported at 15% in 2013. Aims: This study aimed to determine the pattern of contraceptive use and sociodemographic characteristics of the users of family planning services in a teaching hospital in Lagos. Subjects and Methods: This was a descriptive, retrospective study of women who sought contraceptive services at the family planning clinic over a 3-year period. Relevant information was extracted from the case records of these women. Data were analyzed using Epi Info statistical package for Windows. Results: A total of 594 women opted to use a form of contraception in the study, within an age range of 15–52 years and with mean age of 34.3 ± 4.2 years. Fifty-four percent (54%) of the women users belonged to the Yoruba tribe and 89.4% were of the Christian faith. Married women accounted for 97.6% of the users, with the majority (68.9%) having parity of 2–4. Majority (77.6%) of the women had at least a tertiary level of education, with 46.1% of them involved in a form of skilled occupation. Nurses were the commonest source of referrals (42.9%). A larger proportion of the women (46.3%) preferred Jadelle implant while the least used method is Norplant (0.5%). Conclusion: Equipping medical personnel with the information and skills needed to meet the increasing demand for family planning services is necessary to avert the needless increase in the incidence of unwanted pregnancies, unsafe abortion, and their sequelae.","PeriodicalId":93249,"journal":{"name":"African journal of medical and health sciences","volume":"490 1","pages":"69 - 73"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76384429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 15

Guillain–Barre syndrome in pregnancy: A case report 妊娠期格林-巴利综合征1例报告

African journal of medical and health sciences Pub Date : 2016-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/2384-5589.198316

L. Okafor, O. Umeora, C. Egbuji, R. Onoh, C. Esike

引用次数: 1

African journal of medical and health sciences Pub Date : 2016-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/2384-5589.197965

B. Nwogoh, C. Ofovwe, C. Omoti

{"title":"Health-related quality of life in sickle cell disease subjects in Benin City, Nigeria","authors":"B. Nwogoh, C. Ofovwe, C. Omoti","doi":"10.4103/2384-5589.197965","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2384-5589.197965","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a chronic disease associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Hemoglobinopathies are the most prevalent genetic disease globally, and SCD is estimated to affect 2–3% of Nigerians. The disease may adversely impact on the quality of life of sickle cell patients. This study aims to evaluate the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of SCD subjects compared to normal controls living in Benin City, Nigeria. Methodology: The HRQoL of SCD subjects was evaluated using the Medical Outcome Study 36-item survey tool. The outcome was compared with those of a normal non-SCD population. Data were analyzed with Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 16 (Chicago, SPSS Inc.). P value was set at 0.05.Results: Sixty-one SCD subjects and 61 normal respondents (controls) participated in the study. The mean ages of the SCD group and controls were 26.7 ± 9.0 years and 23.70 ± 3.1 years, respectively. Fifty-nine (96.7%) of the SCD respondents were hemoglobin (Hb) SS and 2 (3.3%) were Hb SC. The physical function, limitations due to physical health, general health, and pain scores were significantly lower in the SCD population compared to the controls (P = 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, and 0.002, respectively. The social function and limitation due to the emotional problem do not differ significantly between both groups while the vitality (energy/fatigue) score and emotional well-being were higher in the SCD group, but they were not statistically significant (P = 0.066 and 0.127, respectively). Male gender, employment, clinic attendance, and family support impacted positively on the HRQoL of SCD subjects. Conclusion: The physical and general health functions of SCD subjects are significantly impaired by the disease. There is a need for clinicians in our region to review current management trends to include world best practices such as the universal use of hydroxyurea and stem cell transplantation to change the prevailing trend.","PeriodicalId":93249,"journal":{"name":"African journal of medical and health sciences","volume":"28 1","pages":"80 - 85"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80446192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Pattern of impacted mandibular third molars in Calabar, Nigeria 尼日利亚卡拉巴的下颌第三磨牙阻生模式

African journal of medical and health sciences Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/2384-5589.183886

O. Osunde, G. Bassey

{"title":"Pattern of impacted mandibular third molars in Calabar, Nigeria","authors":"O. Osunde, G. Bassey","doi":"10.4103/2384-5589.183886","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2384-5589.183886","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The study examines the pattern of impacted lower third molars in Calabar, Southern Nigeria. Patients and Methods: A retrospective analysis of the medical record of all patients, who were treated for symptomatic impacted lower third molar at the Dental and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinic of our institution over a 3-year period was undertaken. Information obtained included patients' demographics, location, type of impaction, presence of caries in the second molar, and indication for extraction. Results: A total of 2,156 patients were seen at the Dental and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinic over the 3-year period of study and of these patients, 118 impacted mandibular third molars were surgically extracted in 97 patients and thus giving a prevalence of 4.7%. The patients' ages ranged 18-48 years, the mean (SD) age was 27.5 (5.60) years. Impaction of the lower third molar occurred equally in both gender with an approximate ratio of 1:1. Mesioangular impaction was the most common type (N = 53; 44.9%), followed by horizontal impaction (N = 34; 28.8%). About half of the impacted teeth were located on the left side (N = 51; 43.2%). There was bilateral location in 21 (17.8%) cases. Recurrent pericoronitis (N= 65; 55.1%) and apical periodontitis (N= 41; 34.7%) were the most common indications for extraction. Conclusion: The prevalence of impacted mandibular third molar in Calabar is lower than previous reports from other urban cities in Nigeria. Mesioangular impaction was the most common impaction type, but unlike previous reports, horizontal impactions constitute a great proportion of third molar impactions seen in this environment.","PeriodicalId":93249,"journal":{"name":"African journal of medical and health sciences","volume":"7 1","pages":"14 - 17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74392677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 10

Level of awareness, and factors associated with willingness to participate in the National Health Insurance Scheme among traders in Abakaliki main market, Ebonyi State, Nigeria 尼日利亚埃邦伊州Abakaliki主要市场的贸易商对国家健康保险计划的认识程度以及与愿意参与国家健康保险计划相关的因素

African journal of medical and health sciences Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/2384-5589.183887

B. Azuogu, U. Madubueze, C. Alo, L. Ogbonnaya, N. Ajayi

{"title":"Level of awareness, and factors associated with willingness to participate in the National Health Insurance Scheme among traders in Abakaliki main market, Ebonyi State, Nigeria","authors":"B. Azuogu, U. Madubueze, C. Alo, L. Ogbonnaya, N. Ajayi","doi":"10.4103/2384-5589.183887","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2384-5589.183887","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS) was introduced in Nigeria in 2005, and nine years after its inception only 3.5% of the population have been enrolled in three Sectors of the Scheme. Traders and others in the informal sector are not involvement in the scheme. This study was conducted to assess the level of awareness, and factors that could affect the willingness of traders in Abakaliki main market to participate in the National Health Insurance Scheme. Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross sectional study of 419 traders (53% males and 47% females) was carried out using a three stage sampling technique. Data was collected using interviewer administered semi-structured questionnaire, and was analyzed using SPSS (version 20) and Mathcad 7 Professional software. Frequencies and percentages were calculated, while Chi square test and Z-score were used to test for associations, with P < 0.05 set as level of significance. Results: Only 127 (30.3%) of the 419 traders were aware of NHIS, and significant majority (73.2%) of those aware of the scheme were willing to participate. No factor was significantly associated with willingness to participate. Conclusion: Awareness of NHIS was very poor among the traders, but majority of them were willing to participate in the scheme. Enlightenment campaigns should be embarked upon in the markets to increase awareness of the scheme among the traders, as this could influence their participation.","PeriodicalId":93249,"journal":{"name":"African journal of medical and health sciences","volume":"89 1 1","pages":"18 - 23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84074065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 11

Limb amputations in Abakaliki, South East Nigeria 在尼日利亚东南部的Abakaliki，截肢者

African journal of medical and health sciences Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/2384-5589.183890

N. Omoke, C. G. Nwigwe

{"title":"Limb amputations in Abakaliki, South East Nigeria","authors":"N. Omoke, C. G. Nwigwe","doi":"10.4103/2384-5589.183890","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2384-5589.183890","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Limb amputation is a preventable and important public health concern in developing countries. We aimed at determining the pattern, indications, and outcome of limb amputations in our environment. Materials and Methods: A hospital-based retrospective review of the database of all limb amputations in Federal Teaching Hospital in Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria from January 2002 to December 2012. Results: In 184 patients, there were 192 limb amputations; 141 (73.9%) of the amputations were major and 51 (26.1%) were minor. The male-to-female ratio was 3.5:1 and the mean age was 33.8 ± 1.95 years. The common indications for amputation were trauma (69.0%), diabetic foot gangrene (16.3%), and malignancy (7.1%). Lower limb was significantly more involved than the upper limb in all indications of amputation (P < 0.001). Wound infection (40.2%), severe anemia (11.4%), and wound dehiscence 9.2% were the three top complications observed. The mean and median lengths of hospital stay were 43.3 ± 3.1 and 36 days, respectively. The mortality rate was 8.7%; it was significantly higher in females than males (17.1% vs 6.3% P < 0.031) and in nontrauma-related amputations than trauma-related ones (15.8% vs 5.5% P < 0.022). The rate of successful prosthetic rehabilitation was 18.5%. Conclusion: In our environment, trauma and diabetic foot gangrene are common causes of limb amputation. The observed pattern of predominantly major amputations and the relatively high morbidity associated with amputation in our environment call for appropriate policy response aimed at prevention and optimum care.","PeriodicalId":93249,"journal":{"name":"African journal of medical and health sciences","volume":"52 1","pages":"30 - 35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83974209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

African journal of medical and health sciences Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/2384-5589.183891

O. Oyewole, E. Adeniyi, Babatunde Ajayi, A. Olajitan, K. Oritogun

{"title":"Work-related musculoskeletal disorders and ergonomic stressors among direct and nondirect contact health care workers from a Nigerian tertiary health facility","authors":"O. Oyewole, E. Adeniyi, Babatunde Ajayi, A. Olajitan, K. Oritogun","doi":"10.4103/2384-5589.183891","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2384-5589.183891","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMDs) among health care workers have increased with little information on ergonomic stressors' exposure. Therefore, the exposure of health care workers to ergonomic stressors and the consequent WRMDs were investigated. Materials and Methods: The descriptive cross-sectional study involved 279 stratified participants from various departments of Olabisi Onabanjo University Teaching Hospital. Standardized Nordic and adapted European Foundation questionnaires were used to obtain data on musculoskeletal pain and ergonomic stressors. The data were analyzed with Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: About 48% of the participants reported WRMDs in at least one part of the body during the 12 months preceding the study while 22.2% reported WRMDs in the last 7days. During the preceding 12 months and the last 7 days, the lower back was the most common site of disorders (29.4% and 9.7%, respectively) while the elbow joint was the least affected site. About 49.7% and 42.7% of the clinical staff and nonclinical staff, respectively, reported WRMDs in the last 12 months while 22.3% versus 22.0% reported WRMDs in the last 7 days. Female participants had a higher prevalence of WRMDs but significant gender difference existed for point prevalence only. A majority of the participants (65.8%) were exposed to 11 or more risk factors. There was a significant association between both 12-month and point prevalences of WRMDs on the one hand and exposure to painful tiring positions on the other. Conclusions: The prevalence of WRMDs was high among health care workers with the lower back being the most frequently affected body region. Work involving painful/tiring positions was the most common ergonomic risk factor associated with WRMDs.","PeriodicalId":93249,"journal":{"name":"African journal of medical and health sciences","volume":"32 1","pages":"7 - 13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85180466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Identification and prereferral care for patients with chronic kidney disease by Nigerian family medicine trainee 尼日利亚家庭医学培训生对慢性肾病患者的鉴定和转诊护理

African journal of medical and health sciences Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/2384-5589.183884

Okwuonu Chimezie Godswill, U. Ogbonna, C. Justina, Ezeani Ignatius, C. I. Ijezie, O. Efosa

{"title":"Identification and prereferral care for patients with chronic kidney disease by Nigerian family medicine trainee","authors":"Okwuonu Chimezie Godswill, U. Ogbonna, C. Justina, Ezeani Ignatius, C. I. Ijezie, O. Efosa","doi":"10.4103/2384-5589.183884","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2384-5589.183884","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The family physician is usually the first contact between patients and the health care system at the tertiary level, and they play an important role in the screening for chronic kidney disease (CKD), treatment of reversible causes, and timely referral to the nephrologist. We do not know if the future family physician in Nigeria is prepared for this important role, prompting us to carry out this study. Materials and Methods: Self-administered questionnaires were given to family medicine trainees attending a nationally organized revision course. Results: Two hundred questionnaires were distributed and 172 were returned Guidelines for the management of CKD were correctly identified by only 18% of the participants. The screening methods that were identified for CKD included urinalysis (43.6%), serum creatinine alone (72.7%), estimation of glomerular filtration rate (70.3%), and renal ultrasound (30.5%). Less than 50% were aware of the recommended frequency of screening for diabetic and elderly patients while less than 25% were aware of coronary artery disease and stroke as complications of CKD. After a diagnosis of CKD, 40.4% would refer immediately to the nephrologist, while 33%, 13%, and 2% would use the serum creatinine level alone, estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR), and clinical features, respectively, as guides in taking decisions on referral. Conclusion: A good number of the participants had poor knowledge in the aspects of identification of patients with CKD, initial evaluation of such patients and eventual referral to nephrologists. Concerted efforts are needed to improve this knowledge in the family physician trainees of Nigeria.","PeriodicalId":93249,"journal":{"name":"African journal of medical and health sciences","volume":"129 1","pages":"41 - 45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85751218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Sociodemographic characteristics of pediatric human immunodeficiency virus-positive patients in Federal Teaching Hospital, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria 尼日利亚埃邦伊州Abakaliki联邦教学医院儿童人类免疫缺陷病毒阳性患者的社会人口学特征

African journal of medical and health sciences Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/2384-5589.183888

N. Onyire, U. Onyinye, O. Daniyan, C. Ogah, M. Orji

{"title":"Sociodemographic characteristics of pediatric human immunodeficiency virus-positive patients in Federal Teaching Hospital, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria","authors":"N. Onyire, U. Onyinye, O. Daniyan, C. Ogah, M. Orji","doi":"10.4103/2384-5589.183888","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2384-5589.183888","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Approximately 2.5 million children below 15 years are infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), with 90% in sub-Saharan Africa. The Federal Teaching Hospital Abakaliki has been a treatment center for HIV since 2006. Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the sociodemographic and anthropometric characteristics of pediatric HIV-positive patients seen at this facility. Methods: This was a cross-sectional and descriptive study carried out from January to July 2014 of all HIV-positive children aged 0–18 years. The sociodemographic and anthropometric indices were obtained from the patients and/or their accompanying caregiver. Results: There were 89 children (mean age 7.12 ± 4.10 years; range 2–16 years), of which, 54 (60.7%) were male and 35 (39.3%) were female, with a male:female ratio of 1.5:1. Fifty-two children (58.4%) belonged to the lower socioeconomic class by Olusanya, of which, 25 (28.1%) orphans, 15 (16.9%) had stopped schooling whereas 66 (74.2%) were fully immunized according to National Programme on Immunization schedule. Maternal HIV-status was positive in 87 (97.8%) of the children whereas 33 (37.1%) of their fathers were HIV-positive. Paternal HIV-status was unknown in 32 (36.0%). Orphans were more likely to drop out of school. Conclusion: Most children with HIV are from parents of low socioeconomic status while a good number have been orphaned by acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Vertical transmission was the means of acquiring the infection in most cases. Reinforcement of services for prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV is therefore recommended.","PeriodicalId":93249,"journal":{"name":"African journal of medical and health sciences","volume":"30 1","pages":"46 - 49"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88995089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4