Advances in neurology and neuroscience最新文献

{"title":"Predictors and Management Strategies of Pseudomeningoceles in Neurosurgical\u0000Procedures: Breaking the Ice","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/an.03.01.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/an.03.01.05","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Pseudomeningoceles are extradural collections of CSF that result following a breach in the dural–\u0000arachnoid layer. Pseudomeningoceles are recognized complications after cranial and spinal surgery with some centers\u0000reporting an incidence exceeding 40%.\u0000Aims and Objectives: To evaluate the predictors of post-operative pseudomeningoceles in neurosurgical practice.\u0000To formulate a standardised management protocol for treatment of pseudomeningocele.\u0000Materials and Methods: This is a prospective study where all cases of cranial and spinal pseudomeningoceles\u0000were taken into consideration from October 2016 to October 2018 (2 years ).There were 45 consecutive cases of\u0000pseudomeningocele were included in the study.\u0000Results: Among the total cranial and spinal cases operated in one year period at our institute incidence of\u0000pseudomeningocele was noted to be 1.1% (45/3892). 38 (84.4%) were cranial cases, among them 21 (46.7%) were\u0000supratentorial and 17 (37.8%) were infratentorial, 5 (15.6%) cases had primary water tight dural closure, 33 ( 73.3%)\u0000duraplasty done using pericranial fascia, Dura was not kept opened in any cases and artificial sealants were not\u0000used in any case.7 (15.6%) were spinal cases and 4 cases dura was not opened and didn’t recognize any leak,3 cases\u0000dura was opened and primary dural closure done in 2 cases and 1 case closure was done using a muscle graft, no\u0000artificial sealants were used. Pseudomeningocele was managed with multiple treatment modalities and best treatment\u0000options noted were bed rest with tight bandage application (44.4%), Continuous lumbar drain for 5 days (17.8%),\u0000Intermittent lumbar drainage for 5 days (13.3%), these three constituted 75.5% of successful treatment modality\u0000used. Post pseudomeningocele development hydrocephalus was noted in 7 (15.6%) among them 3 (6.7%) cases\u0000required ventriculo-peritoneal shunt. Only 2(4.4%) patients developed complications like csf leak and meningitis\u0000and 3 (6.7%) cases had mortality.\u0000Conclusion: We conclude that in our study pseudomeningocele was found to be more common in the supratentorial\u0000compartment in contrast to other studies in literature, majority of the cases subsided with conservative management,\u0000type of closure of the dura did not impact the outcome, meningitis was not a significant etiology and standardized\u0000management protocol has been proposed for effective management of pseudomeningocele.","PeriodicalId":93246,"journal":{"name":"Advances in neurology and neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45116786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thoracic Ossification of Ligamentum Flavum Caused By Skeletal Fluorosis: Breaking the Etiopathological Barrier -Answer to the Crippling Disease of the Society","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/an.03.01.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/an.03.01.06","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Thoracic ossification of ligamentum flavum (OLF) caused by skeletal fluorosis is rare [1]. Only six patients had been reported in the English literature. This study is the second study to the best of our knowledge in literature. Aims and Objectives: To evaluate the causation of ossification of ligamentum flavum due to fluorosis in accordance with reports from the first clinical series of this disease. Exact etiopathogenesis of thoracic ossification of yellow ligament is not known and causation due to fluorosis is rare, so this study was hypothesized [2]. Materials and Methods: This is a prospective study of patients with thoracic OLF due to skeletal fluorosis who underwent surgical management at the NIMS hospital between 2017 and 2018. A total of 16 cases were enrolled, (56.25%), 9 males and 7 (43.75%) females, age ranging from 37 to 62 years (mean 50.5 years). Imaging showed OLF together with ossification of interosseous membranes, including interosseous membranes of the forearm (14/16 patients 87.5%).Urinalysis showed a markedly high urinary fluoride level in 15 of 16 patients (93.75%).Ossified ligamentum flavum sent for estimation of fluoride levels in 16 patients showed high fluoride level in the bone ash prepared from the oyl in 15 patients and other structures sent as control were ,spinous process ,interspinous ligaments didn’t show any fluoride deposition. Results: Out of 16 patient 15 patient had fluoride levels more than 6000mg/kg, 7 patient had values between 6,000 – 7,000 mg/kg, 5 patient had values between 7,500 – 9,000 mg/kg and 3 patients had values > 8400 mg/kg. Controls were sent as spinous processes had normal fluoride level between 500-1000 mg/kg and interspinous ligaments sent showed no fluoride levels. Out of 16 patients 9 patients had multiple level dorsal OYL both contiguous and non-contiguous, contiguous in 4 patients and non – contiguous in 5 patients.7 patients had single level dorsal OYL. Most common segment involved in OYL is T9 and D10 level in 14 patients. Sato classification 6 were Type A, 5 were Type B, 3 were Type C, 2 were Type D Conclusion: This is the largest series of ossification of dorsal yellow ligament due to fluorosis. And consideration of fluorosis as one of the important etiological cause for OYL to be kept in mind and all patients with OYL to be screened for Fluorosis and this would also help as a preventive measure for the people around the surroundings of the affected person and would help the society from a crippling disability.","PeriodicalId":93246,"journal":{"name":"Advances in neurology and neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43099750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge about Epilepsy and its Associated Factors among Epileptic Patients at\u0000Health Facilities of Bench Maji Zone, South West Ethiopia, 2017","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/an.03.01.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/an.03.01.04","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Knowledge is basic point for epileptics to adapt good qualities of life. In epileptics misconceptions or\u0000misperceptions is common and this can put them to different psycho-social difficulties. Study showed epileptics have\u0000no basic information about illness even they are on follow-up. Detecting misinformation and provision of appropriate\u0000corrections is crucial to bring the optimal care. Few studies were conducted in Ethiopia to evaluate the knowledge of\u0000epileptics. The current study evaluated the status of knowledge of epileptics about their illness in Bench Maji zone,\u0000south west Ethiopia.\u0000Materials and Methods: An institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted on 247 samples selected by\u0000systematic random sampling from March 10 to April 10, 2017.Data were collected by interview through pretested\u0000questionnaires. Bivariate and multivariate logistics regressions were used to identify factors. The adjusted odds ratio\u0000with 95% CI was used to identify the independent factors at P<0.05.\u0000Results: The response rate was 98.8%. 53.3% of respondents were found have poor knowledge about epilepsy.\u0000Patients’ monthly income, age at onset of epilepsy and duration of epilepsy were found to be factors associated with\u0000knowledge about epilepsy.\u0000Conclusion: Proportion of knowledge in patients was poor. Patients’ monthly income, age at onset of epilepsy and\u0000duration of epilepsy were found to be factors. Health care managers should design educational plan for patients and\u0000care providers should intervene for epileptics through provision basic information about epilepsy.","PeriodicalId":93246,"journal":{"name":"Advances in neurology and neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47285137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cerebrall Autosomal Dominant Artheriopathy with Subcortical Infarcts and\u0000Leukoencephalopathy","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/an.03.01.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/an.03.01.02","url":null,"abstract":"CADASIL is a hereditary cerebrovascular disease that affects small\u0000vessels and usually causes recurrent subcortical infarctions with\u0000white matter involvement. It is usually closely related to migraine\u0000history, in advanced cases a subcortical dementia usually occurs. It\u0000is a disease characterized by a picture of progressive deterioration,\u0000and in very advanced stages a pseudobulbar paralysis can occur. In\u00001955 some cases were described that were called hereditary vascular\u0000dementia, later in 1977 it was renamed hereditary multi-infarct\u0000dementia, in 1991 they came to be referred to as familial arteriopathic\u0000leukoencephalopathy [1]. Finally, with the discovery of the gene\u0000involved in the disease, it was renamed CADASIL in 1996 by Joutel.\u0000As we can see, the pathological discovery of the disease is of recent\u0000discovery, thus adopting the various nomenclatures described above.","PeriodicalId":93246,"journal":{"name":"Advances in neurology and neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45187316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Magnesium Levels in Migraine and Combination of Folic Acid and Magnesium in\u0000Migraine","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/an.03.01.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/an.03.01.01","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Migraine is a functional disorder of the brain. Different mechanisms including modulation of central\u0000and peripheral pain structures have been described. Few studies have revealed decreased levels of the micronutrients\u0000riboflavin, magnesium and coenzyme in plasma and in the brain of migraine patients. Nutritional deficiency could\u0000play a role in the pathophysiology of migraine. Patient not able to tolerate chemical drugs can have beneficial effect\u0000by nutritional supplementation.","PeriodicalId":93246,"journal":{"name":"Advances in neurology and neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46676971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Therapeutic Depletion of Axotomy Competent Cells in Amyotrophic Lateral\u0000Sclerosis (ALS)","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/an.02.01.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/an.02.01.07","url":null,"abstract":"The present paper addresses anatomically resolved protein networks\u0000by using the Imaging Cycler Microscopy (ICM/TIS) [1,2]. ICM is\u0000capable of resolving protein networks in intact anatomical structures\u0000at a power of combinatorial molecular resolution of 65,553k\u0000, where\u0000k is the number of co-mapped proteins, e.g. 100 proteins [1-4]. This\u0000method provides insight into the laws of the spatial communication\u0000of large protein networks in health and disease, which is essential\u0000for new therapy options in diseases.","PeriodicalId":93246,"journal":{"name":"Advances in neurology and neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45572971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-Medical Basis Characterization of Orgasm Associated with Approach Sex\u0000Can Last Up to 20 Seconds to 15 Minutes, Eligible Women Individuals’ Poor\u0000Transportation Facility of Private Pharmacy Institutions in Pune, India","authors":"R. Hajare","doi":"10.33140/an.02.01.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/an.02.01.06","url":null,"abstract":"Penetrative sex has not the only path to orgasm. Even non-genital stimulation, like kissing, petting, or nipple play can\u0000do the trick. Whether you have in a new relationship, on honeymoon or approaching the 10-year mark of marriage,\u0000having a good sex life takes a deep case intimacy that goes beyond the physical. Having good sex means knowing\u0000how partner's body works and what needs. It means knowing own needs, and owning sexuality and pleasure. What\u0000better way to do this than by discovering new, interesting facts about female orgasms, these interesting facts about\u0000female orgasms will make sex with partner feel new again.","PeriodicalId":93246,"journal":{"name":"Advances in neurology and neuroscience","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42185107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does a Relationship Exist Between Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio, Platelet-toLymphocyte Ratio and Sarcopenia in Alzheimer’s Disease?","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/an.02.01.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/an.02.01.05","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: The prevalence of sarcopenia is higher in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) when compared with subjects with normal\u0000cognition. Easy-to-use screening tools can make it easier to reach the diagnosis. We aimed to evaluate inflammatory\u0000markers such as neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in AD cases with or\u0000without sarpcopenia.\u0000Materials and Methods: Seventy-four possible AD cases who were resident in nursing home were included in to\u0000cross-sectional study. Body mass index (BMI), fat mass index (FMI), muscle mass index (MMI), and fat free mass\u0000index (FFMI) were assessed with electronic body composition analyzer. Short physical performance battery (SPPB),\u0000mini-nutritional assessment (MNA) and hand grip strength test were used for mobile patients. Calf circumference and\u0000mid-arm circumference were used for immobile patients. A diagnosis of sarcopenia was established according to the\u0000‘European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People’ criterias. NLR and PLR were calculated as the ratio of\u0000the neutrophil count to lymphocyte count, and platelet count to lymphocyte count, respectively. Findings of AD cases\u0000with and without sarcopenia were compared according to NLR and PLR ratios.\u0000Results: The sarcopenia rate was found to be 48%. Significantly higher NLR and PLR values were found in sarcopenic\u0000group. NLR were found to be negatively correlated with FFMI, while PLR were found negativeliy correlated with\u0000both FFMI and MNA.\u0000Conclusion: It was found that NLR and especially PLR values are significantly related to sarcopenia in AD. Evaluation\u0000of NLR and PLR may be useful for sarcopenia screening.","PeriodicalId":93246,"journal":{"name":"Advances in neurology and neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44522594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Unsual Site about Small Cells Osteosarcoma Parietal Region and Classique\u0000Osteosarcoma Occipital Region Mimicking Meningioma with Literature Review\u0000Management and Outcome","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/an.02.01.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/an.02.01.03","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Primary osteosarcoma (OS) is the second most common primary bone malignancy, the first being multiple\u0000myeloma. OS occurs in the second decade, with a predilection for ends of long bones. Head and neck involvement is\u0000seen in 2-9% with extragnathic craniofacial bones in 1–2% of cases. Small Cell OS (SCO) constitutes 1.3-4% of all\u0000OS, skeletal distribution and age range being similar.\u0000Materials and Methods: We report two rare osteosarcoma and we done the review of the literature about the\u0000management and the outcome about intracranial osteosarcoma in our department of neurosurgery.\u0000Results: It is two osteosarcoma cases about a 72-year-old man and one 49-year-old man who both mimiking first\u0000meningioma. The first case is an unusual site parietal and the second case is occipital. The both benefited surgery\u0000with excision and exam of histology confirm diagnosis. But the first case died 15 days after surgery in intensive unit\u0000care and the second cases died after one year, he benefited surgery and chemotherapy.\u0000Conclusion: Small cell osteosarcoma (SCO) is an extremely uncommon entity that mainly involves the metaphysics\u0000of long bones and, rarely, the skull. Histopathology is the key to establishing the correct diagnosis, including sub\u0000typing for appropriate management and prognostication, as radiological features are not specific.","PeriodicalId":93246,"journal":{"name":"Advances in neurology and neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44734802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intramedullary Cavernoma: Case Report and Literature Review","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/an.02.01.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/an.02.01.04","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Cavernomas are benign vascular anomalies consisting of cavities where the blood circulates at low\u0000flow and at low pressure. Intramedullary localization is unusual, represents approximately 5 to 12% of spinal vascular\u0000malformations and 3% of intra-dural vascular malformations (5% of medullary vascular lesions).\u0000Observation: A patient, aged 59, consulted for the abrupt installation of moderate back pain followed by predominant\u0000muscle weakness in the two lower limb of progressive worsening, responsible for gait disorders. The patient reported\u0000thermal hypoesthesia and heaviness of the two lower limbs that had been evolving for two years. The examination\u0000found a dorsal spinal cord compression syndrome. On the MRI, there were abnormalities of intramedullary signal of\u0000the dorsal (D11) spinal cord with bleeding stigmas suggestive of intramedullary cavernomas.\u0000Conclusion: The management of the medullary cavernoma is essentially neurosurgical with complete microsurgical\u0000resection of the malformation. In the absence of surgical treatment, evolution can be to chronic myelopathy or\u0000neurological aggravation.","PeriodicalId":93246,"journal":{"name":"Advances in neurology and neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44156762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}