Advances in neurology and neuroscience最新文献

{"title":"Post-Traumatic Vasospasm after Mild Brain Trauma, a Lesson Learned.","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/an.05.04.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/an.05.04.01","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Post-traumatic vasospasm is a frequent secondary injury in patients with traumatic brain injury, occurring in up to 63% of patients and with associated deleterious consequences. Most studies have reported post-traumatic vasospasm in patients with severe or moderate brain trauma; however, there are documented cases of post-traumatic vasospasm in patients with mild traumatic brain injury that support a more aggressive search to prevent deleterious neurological outcomes. Observation(s): The pertinent literature has been reviewed, and an exemplary case has been reported (post-traumatic vasospasm associated with mild brain trauma in an adult patient that subsequently transformed into cerebral ischemia that was managed with endovascular therapy and oral nimodipine without subsequent neurological deterioration). To date, only 4 cases have been described, to our knowledge this is the first literature review so far. Lessons: Given the possibility of post-traumatic vasospasm associated with mild brain trauma, the authors believe that GCS score alone may be an inadequate risk predictor of symptomatic cerebral vasospasm and a more aggressive search should be performed in patients with mild trauma who present with neurological deterioration without apparent cause.","PeriodicalId":93246,"journal":{"name":"Advances in neurology and neuroscience","volume":"29 12","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135041581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Infectious Lesion Simulating Malignant Neoplasm. Clinical Case and Literature Review","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/an.05.04.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/an.05.04.03","url":null,"abstract":"The extrapulmonary manifestations of tuberculosis (TBC) that affect the Central Nervous System (CNS), by hematogenous dissemination, are an infrequent entity. Intracranial tuberculomas are the least common form of tuberculosis in CNS. Represent a granulomatous inflammatory process with cerebral involvement. The prognosis is related to the early diagnosis, the degree of surgical resection and the complemen-tary treatment with antituberculous drugs. We describe an infrequent clinical case of cerebral tuberculoma that simulated a malignant neoplasm, and also performed a literature review. A clinical case about a 31-year-old female with no relevant medical history. She described a sud-denly diplopia, without previous trauma. The patient was evaluated by Ophthalmology, which iden-tified papillary edema, with no other alterations. In this context was performed a Brain CT/MRI, which showed an intra-axial, left frontobasal lesion with perilesional edema, ring contrast enhancement and a hypodense/hypointense central area. Spectroscopy showed a reduction in n-acetylaspartate (NAA) with a peak in creatine and choline, suggestive of a malignant tumor. The patient underwent surgery, having performed a frontal left craniotomy and complete excision of a nodular, capsulated, avascular lesion with a spongy consistency. Subsequently, the histological diagnosis of tuberculoma was confirmed. We describe an infrequent clinical case of cerebral tuberculoma which, due to the characteristics presented in the preoperative studies, was suggestive of a malignant tumor that was not confirmed, which is the particularity of this case. The patient presents a good clinical and imaging evolution during the follow-up period.","PeriodicalId":93246,"journal":{"name":"Advances in neurology and neuroscience","volume":"29 14","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135041579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neurological Disorders and Covid-19 At the University Hospital of Lome","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/an.05.04.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/an.05.04.02","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: In sub-Saharan Africa, data on the association between COVID-19 and neurological conditions are non-existent. We conducted a hospital study whose objective is to describe the possible peculiarities of neurological disorders with recent COVID-19. Method: The study was carried out in the Neurology Department of the CHU Campus de Lomé FROM JANUARY 1 TO December 31, 2021. Patients hospitalized for a neurological condition with a positive COVID-19 PCR test were included. Results: A total of 135 COVID-19 PCR tests were performed. Twenty-seven COVID-19-positive patients were enrolled with an average age of 59 years and a sex ratio of 1. The main antecedents were high blood pressure (69%, n=18), type 2 diabetes (31%, n=8) and stroke (15%, n=4). Reasons for admission were dominated by focused motor deficit (46%, n=12), altered consciousness (27%, n=7), seizures (12%, n=3). The suspicious symptoms of COVID-19 that led to the completion of COVID-19 testing were dominated by asthenia and fever. On extra neurological physical examination, 54% of patients (n=14) had pulmonary condensation syndrome. The most common neurological conditions were stroke. The death rate was 45%. Conclusion: COVID-19 is life-threatening for patients hospitalized for neurological conditions. The issue of long COVID-19 justifies the continuation of studies that characterize Neuro COVID-19.","PeriodicalId":93246,"journal":{"name":"Advances in neurology and neuroscience","volume":"29 10","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135041583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictive Factors of Mortality from Hemorrhagic Strokes in The University Hospitals of Togo","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/an.05.04.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/an.05.04.04","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Hemorrhagic stroke (AVCs) is fraught with high mortality. As mortality related to AVCs is higher, prognostic scores have been developed and validated in several studies, the most common of which is the ICH score. Objective: To determine the predictors of mortality related to AVCH in Togo. Methods: This was a 12-month descriptive and analytical multicenter cross-sectional study conducted in the three university hospitals of Togo. It considered patients who were hospitalized during the study period for spontaneous hemorrhagic stroke proven by brain scan. Results: The mean age of patients in this study was 53.7 ± 12 years with a sex ratio of M/F = 1.27. The mortality rate was higher among women (34.67%) than among men (31.41%). Cardiovascular risk factors that were significantly related to VHVAC were hypertension and chronic alcoholism. The elements of the clinical examination and paraclinical examinations that were statistically linked to death were a Glasgow score < 8, ventricular flooding, and a hematoma volume greater than 30 ml. Applying the ICH score in our study when this score was greater than or equal to 3 there was a mortality of 76.47%. Conclusion: our study confirmed that AVCH is a pathology with high mortality and the best management remains preventive.","PeriodicalId":93246,"journal":{"name":"Advances in neurology and neuroscience","volume":"29 13","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135041580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research on Evolvement of Brain and Its Molecular Determinant","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/an.06.02.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/an.06.02.09","url":null,"abstract":"1. Aim: Observing Different Brain of The Animals and Comparison with Human Brain 2. Apparatus: Dissected Brain of Human, Amphisbaenas and Reptiles 3. Procedure: Observe structures in the microscopes. 4. Observation: Different stages of development of the brain was observed according to need.no convolution in aquatic to amphibians Little convolution in reptiles to small mammals","PeriodicalId":93246,"journal":{"name":"Advances in neurology and neuroscience","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135428424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intoxication Camouflaged: Lesson Learnt. An Interesting Case of Lead Poisoning","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/an.06.02.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/an.06.02.08","url":null,"abstract":"Lead poisoning is a common occupational health hazard and may lead to permanent neurological sequelae or even death. However, there is an emerging trend of new forms of non-occupational lead poisoning which is challenging to diagnose. We report a case of a 40 y/o male who presented with chronic lead neurotoxicity occuring after consumption of over-thecounter ayurvedic medication. While exploring medication for its content, it was discovered that this abused drug had Papaver somniferum (opium) in the alarmingly high ratio of 12:1. A review of literature demonstrated that Lead is usually added to opium during its preparation either as an ingredient or as an adulterant to increase opium weight in its trading for profitability. Additionally, improvement in the neurological syndrome after chelation therapy with D-penicillamine further confirmed that Lead was the culprit responsible for this unusual presentation.","PeriodicalId":93246,"journal":{"name":"Advances in neurology and neuroscience","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135428586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review of Psychological Impact of Quarantine in Domestic Violence","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/an.06.02.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/an.06.02.11","url":null,"abstract":"This write up is about highlighting mental issues in disaster and pandemic situations. We did a commentary by acknowledging, reviewing already published articles focusing on the psychological crisis during the lockdown situation when more than half of the world was confined in home quarantine. Further, we discussed human issues that how they cope and go through struggling periods facing problematic times. Moreover, concentrating on current COVID-19 pandemic insecurities leading to health and social crisis.","PeriodicalId":93246,"journal":{"name":"Advances in neurology and neuroscience","volume":"72 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135720205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unraveling the Mysteries of Hypercalcemic Encephalopathy: A Clinical Experience from A Tertiary Care Center.","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/an.06.02.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/an.06.02.10","url":null,"abstract":"Background Hypercalcemic encephalopathy is a rare but clinically significant condition characterized by a range of complex symptoms due to elevated serum calcium levels. The causes of this condition can stem from various underlying factors, with the most common being primary hyperparathyroidism, malignancies, and granulomatous diseases. This study aims to provide a comprehensive clinical profile of hypercalcemic encephalopathy by examining a cohort of patients presenting at a tertiary care center. Results We analyzed etiologies, clinical manifestations, and short-term outcomes in 32 patients with a mean age of 32.45 years. The study revealed that malignancy-related hypercalcemia was the predominant cause in a significant portion of the cases (46.8%), indicating that cancer-associated mechanisms play a substantial role in the development of hypercalcemic encephalopathy. Hyperparathyroidism, accounted for 34.3% of the cases, followed by granulomatous disease, which was the underlying factor in 12.5% of the cases. Unfortunately, six patients experienced mortality during the study. The primary reasons for these unfortunate outcomes were related to hypercalcemia itself, highlighting critical importance of its proper management. Conclusion The treatment responses observed in the study provided valuable insights. About 37.5% of the patients responded positively to the administration of intravenous fluids and calcitonin, a hormone involved in calcium regulation. However, for those who did not respond to these standard treatments, the introduction of denosumab, a medication that inhibits bone resorption and can lower calcium levels, yielded positive outcomes. This suggests the potential utility of denosumab in cases where traditional treatments are ineffective. Overall, this study significantly contributes to our understanding of hypercalcemic encephalopathy by delving into its clinical features, the range of underlying causes, responses to treatment, and patient outcomes. The findings underscore the importance of recognizing this condition promptly and implementing tailored interventions to ensure optimal management and improved patient care","PeriodicalId":93246,"journal":{"name":"Advances in neurology and neuroscience","volume":"312 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135866360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ocular Lymphoma: Detection, Management, and Treatment","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/an.06.02.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/an.06.02.07","url":null,"abstract":"Primary intraocular lymphoma is a rare manifestation of primary central nervous system lymphoma. It most often affects patients in the sixth and seventh decades of life and has a predilection for immunocompromised patients, particularly males, whom it affects twice as often as females. Because of the ability of primary intraocular lymphoma to mimic less severe conditions such as uveitis, its detection can be difficult. The diagnosis should be suspected in all elderly patients with chronic uveitis unresponsive to corticosteroid or antibiotic therapy. Although no therapeutic paradigm has been defined, combining chemotherapy and radiation therapy is the most effective treatment for the condition. Without multicenter clinical trials focused on improved treatment strategies, optimal disease management will continue to be challenging. The increasing frequency of ocular lymphoma has underscored the need to meet this challenge. In this article, the authors aim to provide ophthalmologists and primary care physicians with the tools necessary to hasten early recognition and prompt treatment of the disorder. Although no cure exists, recent studies with rituximab have shown promising results in treating intraocular lymphoma.","PeriodicalId":93246,"journal":{"name":"Advances in neurology and neuroscience","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135641032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Neuroscientific View on the Enneagram of Personality","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/an.06.02.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/an.06.02.06","url":null,"abstract":"The Enneagram is a personality typing system that categorizes individuals into nine distinct types based on their emotional and instinctual patterns. Recently, this typology has gained considerable attention from neuroscientists, in terms of its potential to help us chart the complexities of emotional brain processes. This article will explore the correlations between the Enneagram and the seven primary-process emotional systems charted by neuroscientist Jaak Panksepp: FEAR, RAGE, GRIEF, SEEKING, LUST, CARE, and PLAY. These correlations may potentially have significant implications for our future understanding of the connection between neuroscience and personality","PeriodicalId":93246,"journal":{"name":"Advances in neurology and neuroscience","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135236973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}