IEEE open journal of power electronics最新文献

{"title":"Instability and Stabilization Filter of df/dt-Type Virtual Inertia Control Comparing to Synchronous Machines","authors":"Takumi Ueda;Kenichiro Sano;Daisuke Terazono;Kaho Nada","doi":"10.1109/OJPEL.2025.3565697","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJPEL.2025.3565697","url":null,"abstract":"With the increase of inverter-based resources, the reduction in grid inertia has become an issue. To overcome this problem, various virtual inertia controls have been proposed. df/dt control is a candidate for practical application since it can be integrated into conventional current controlled inverters. However, df/dt control can make the system unstable under certain conditions. A common solution is to use a low-pass filter (LPF), but there is no clear answer to why df/dt control becomes unstable and the LPF can improve stability. As a result, there are no general design criteria of the LPF for various plants. This paper focuses on the stability of a current-controlled inverter with df/dt-type virtual inertia control. The authors analyze the dynamic characteristics of a synchronous generator and demonstrate the existence of a second-order delay between the frequency of the point of common coupling (PCC) voltage and the speed of the rotor. The result demonstrates an equivalence between this delay and LPF for stabilization in df/dt control. Then, this second-order delay is implemented in df/dt control as an LPF. The influence of this LPF for stability is analyzed by EMT simulations and Bode plot of the entire system. These results illustrate that the LPF is indispensable for df/dt control, and parameters corresponding to synchronous generators can be used as a design criterion of the LPF.","PeriodicalId":93182,"journal":{"name":"IEEE open journal of power electronics","volume":"6 ","pages":"849-857"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10980341","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143949261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distorted Unbalanced Grid Voltage Modulated Direct Power Control for Three-Phase Grid-Connected Inverters","authors":"Yi-Hung Liao;Meng-Hsuan Yu;Hao-Min Zhang","doi":"10.1109/OJPEL.2025.3563659","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJPEL.2025.3563659","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a linearized direct power control strategy for grid-connected inverters under distorted unbalanced grid voltage is proposed. The grid-connected inverters usually suffer from distorted unbalanced grid condition, which causes output active and reactive powers with oscillations and leads the three phase output currents with distortion. Although the conventional grid-voltage-modulated linearized direct power control was constructed in existing literature, it only considers and suitably applies to balanced grid voltage and makes significant power ripples and total harmonic current distortion (THD_i) under non-ideal grid condition. In the presence of distorted and unbalanced grids, a direct power control strategy based on the extended power theory and symmetrical components theory considering positive and negative sequence components in the stationary reference frame without phase-locked loop (PLL) is proposed in this paper. The proposed strategy decouples the terms between unbalanced grid-side voltage and converter-side voltage, and transfers the original unbalanced three-phase nonlinear time-varying active and reactive power system into a linear time-invariant system, thereby simplifying the controller and calculation complexity. Furthermore, a ripple compensation method for LCL filter is also proposed to reduce the power ripple. Finally, the effectiveness and correctness of the proposed method are verified through some simulation and the practical implementation of a 1.5 kW inverter.","PeriodicalId":93182,"journal":{"name":"IEEE open journal of power electronics","volume":"6 ","pages":"830-848"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10974683","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143929829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sequential Model Predictive Torque Control for Six-Phase Machines Without Weighting Factors","authors":"Jorge Rodas;Osvaldo Gonzalez;Paola Maidana;Christian Medina;Jesús Doval-Gandoy;Margarita Norambuena;Magno Ayala;Jose Rodriguez","doi":"10.1109/OJPEL.2025.3563134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJPEL.2025.3563134","url":null,"abstract":"Model predictive control has become a powerful and versatile control strategy, particularly effective in controlling multiphase machines. One of its key advantages is the ability to address multiple control objectives by incorporating constraints directly into the cost function. However, this feature typically necessitates the challenging task of tuning weighting factors to balance competing objectives effectively. This paper proposes a sequential model predictive torque control strategy for six-phase induction machines, eliminating the need for weighting factors. The proposed approach simplifies the control design process while maintaining high performance. Simulation and experimental results demonstrate the method's effectiveness, showing accurate torque, flux tracking, and appropriate stator currents regulation in the <inline-formula><tex-math>$alpha -beta$</tex-math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula><tex-math>$x-y$</tex-math></inline-formula> planes. These results highlight the potential of the proposed control strategy for practical implementation in advanced multiphase drive systems.","PeriodicalId":93182,"journal":{"name":"IEEE open journal of power electronics","volume":"6 ","pages":"802-810"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10971946","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143929814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hybrid Resonant and Non-Resonant Coupled-Inductor-Based Current-Fed DC–DC Converter","authors":"Armin Miremad;Suzan Eren","doi":"10.1109/OJPEL.2025.3561627","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJPEL.2025.3561627","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents a hybrid resonant and non-resonant coupled-inductor-based current-fed DC-DC converter, designed for solar-tile microinverter (MI) applications requiring high voltage gain. In the proposed circuit, a boost half-bridge (BHB) is connected to the PV side, providing higher voltage for the half-bridge stage and reducing the primary conduction losses. Additionally, an active voltage-doubler rectifier is utilized on the secondary-side to achieve a two-fold voltage gain, thereby reducing the required transformer turns ratio and size. The proposed circuit is derived by integrating the input dc inductor of the BHB into a coupled-inductor, introducing an additional resonant path that enhances power transfer capacity without requiring extra active switches. The introduction of the resonant path contributes to narrow the switching-frequency range, reduce the turn-off current and switching losses, and improve the efficiency while increasing the power transfer capability compared to the non-resonant configurations. The design procedure is presented to minimize current stress, extend ZVS range, and reduce reverse input current. The ZVS regions for primary and secondary switches are determined under different load conditions and voltage gains. Two control parameters, phase-shift and switching frequency, emerges due to the active rectifier and the resonant coupled-inductor, providing more flexibility in regulating output power, minimizing back-flow power, and maintaining ZVS across all switches. Experimental results provided from a 100 W prototype, to validate the performance of the proposed converter.","PeriodicalId":93182,"journal":{"name":"IEEE open journal of power electronics","volume":"6 ","pages":"761-779"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10966155","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143892410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coupled-Inductors Boost Converter With Quasi-Square-Wave Zero-Voltage-Switching","authors":"Mahmoud Nassary;Enric Vidal-Idiarte;Ignacio Galiano Zurbriggen;Oswaldo Lopez-Santos;Javier Calvente","doi":"10.1109/OJPEL.2025.3561671","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJPEL.2025.3561671","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, the Quasi-Square-Wave (QSW) mode with Zero-Voltage Switching (ZVS) in the Coupled Inductors Boost (CIB) converter is thoroughly analyzed to provide design guidelines and compare the obtained performance with the QSW-ZVS boost converter. The studied mode is used to enforce output voltage regulation employing a nested loop architecture with an inner current loop and an outer voltage loop providing the reference for the inner loop. The current controller is an innovative hysteresis control in which the upper limit compares the secondary inductor current with the reference provided by the outer loop and the lower limit compares the primary inductor current with a constant value defined to ensure ZVS. This configuration allows the elimination of the right-half-plane zeros inherently widening the bandwidth of the frequency response. As it is demonstrated, the CIB exhibits two times faster dynamic response in front of load perturbations at the cost of a small reduction of the efficiency at high power loads and the inclusion of two additional components. Theoretical predictions and feasibility of the QSW-ZVS CIB are confirmed by means of simulated and experimental results.","PeriodicalId":93182,"journal":{"name":"IEEE open journal of power electronics","volume":"6 ","pages":"858-871"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10966224","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144072825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High Efficiency High Power Density Bidirectional Non-Isolated LLC Converter With Transformer-Coupled Gate Driver for 48 V MHEV","authors":"Song Ding;Chunyan Nie;Qi Liu;Qinsong Qian;Weifeng Sun","doi":"10.1109/OJPEL.2025.3561221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJPEL.2025.3561221","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, a 12-switch non-isolated LLC (NI-LLC) converter is proposed to address the application requirements of 4:1 bidirectional fixed-ratio voltage conversion in 48 V mild hybrid electric vehicles (MHEVs). Compared with the previous NI-LLC converters, the proposed 12-switch NI-LLC converter has superior efficiency and enables inherent bidirectional operation without requiring energy flow direction detection or additional control schemes for forward and reverse modes. Additionally, to synchronously turn on and off power switches in the proposed converter and to reduce gate drive loss and layout area, a transformer-coupled resonant gate driver is proposed. This driver circuit consumes only 18.7% of the power of conventional gate drive circuits, thereby ensuring high efficiency and power density in the converter. Unlike conventional resonant gate driver, the proposed gate driver not only recovers the charge energy, but also significantly reduces the ON/OFF time of main switches. Finally, the proposed converter and gate driver is verified on a 1.2 MHz/960 W prototype with a power density up to 5.6 kW/inch³. The converter achieves a peak efficiency of 98.5%, and the full load efficiency at forward and reverse operation are 97.1% and 96.7% respectively.","PeriodicalId":93182,"journal":{"name":"IEEE open journal of power electronics","volume":"6 ","pages":"747-760"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10965339","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143892424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revisiting On-State Resistance as TSEP for Discrete SiC MOSFETs: Steps Towards the In-Circuit Approach","authors":"Enrico Panciroli;Alex Musetti;Alessandro Soldati","doi":"10.1109/OJPEL.2025.3560768","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJPEL.2025.3560768","url":null,"abstract":"The knowledge of device junction temperature in real time allows to maximize the power density of power electronics converters, by means of active derating and dynamic overloading. Since junction temperature cannot be measured directly without altering the device, temperature-sensitive electric parameters (TSEPs) are used to indirectly estimate it. The dispersion of the device parameters affecting TSEPs requires their characterization on a per-device basis, thus limiting the adoption in commercial converters. In this paper, the on-state resistance TSEP is applied to silicon-carbide MOSFETs and a novel approach for the extraction of the characteristic curves is presented. Particularly, several methodologies are introduced to avoid putting the converter in a temperature-controlled environment, exploiting self heating and a modification of the cooling system. Moreover, self heating is induced by means of the novel controlled shoot-through (CST) technique, which does not need a load connected to the converter output. The TSEP curves are then characterized by using repetitive sawtooth current pulses on an inductive load, at different device temperatures. A cork cap is proposed to thermally insulate the device under test (DUT), blocking unwanted thermal paths, improving accuracy and minimizing the time needed for the characterization procedure. Finally, various modeling techniques are evaluated to identify the most suitable temperature estimation model, simplifying the calibration by reducing the number of acquired points while maintaining the highest possible accuracy. All these elements make the proposed methodology suitable for end-of-line testing in a production environment, thus enabling the individual characterization of each device of the power converter. The experimental validation of the results is performed against reference laboratory techniques, showing an overall RMS error below <inline-formula><tex-math>$1 ,mathrm{^{circ }C}$</tex-math></inline-formula> when using the most complete estimation model, and less than <inline-formula><tex-math>$2 ,mathrm{^{circ }C}$</tex-math></inline-formula> when employing a simplified reduced-order model.","PeriodicalId":93182,"journal":{"name":"IEEE open journal of power electronics","volume":"6 ","pages":"681-692"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10964525","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143870843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Internal Energy Balancing Control of a Modular Multilevel Converter as Part of a Hybrid Transformer","authors":"Rui Wang;Maurice G. L. Roes;Henk Huisman;Cornelis G.E. Wijnands","doi":"10.1109/OJPEL.2025.3560808","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJPEL.2025.3560808","url":null,"abstract":"Hybrid transformers (HTs) can provide voltage and current compensation in the utility grid. HTs include a line-frequency transformer and a converter rated for partial transformer power. This paper focuses on the internal energy balancing process of a modular multilevel converter (MMC) as part of an HT. The output voltages of the MMC have equal frequency and equal phase angles, but different amplitudes in this application. In this paper it is shown that these two features result in steady-state control errors and variable control loop gains when a conventional MMC internal energy balancing method is applied. In this article, a customized control scheme for the MMC is developed that solves these problems. The theoretical analysis is validated through tests on a scaled-down prototype.","PeriodicalId":93182,"journal":{"name":"IEEE open journal of power electronics","volume":"6 ","pages":"780-789"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10964716","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143896252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Reconfigurable Multiport Converter for Integrated PV/EV/Battery Systems","authors":"Omair Khan;Branislav Hredzak;John E. Fletcher","doi":"10.1109/OJPEL.2025.3559860","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJPEL.2025.3559860","url":null,"abstract":"Power conversion is crucial for the global shift towards decarbonising energy systems. Maximizing efficiency in component usage, particularly in power conversion products, is essential. Our proposed reconfigurable multiport converter aims to improve utilization of the power interface along with associated measurement and data acquisition. The purpose of this reconfigurable circuit is to integrate multiple energy sources, including PV, electric vehicle storage, home battery systems, and provide a connection to the AC grid, where all ports are capable of bidirectional power flow. Primary side devices, inductors and switches, serve multiple purposes depending on the operating mode e.g., four of the eight primary side switches are either modulated or used as connectors. Similarly, the primary bridge can act to transfer power across the transformer or function as a synchronous switch. Our contributions to this area include developing a unified power electronic interface for integration of multiple energy sources, reconfigurability of the circuit into controllable power conversion topologies and sharing key components for increased utilization. This design offers several advantages, including reduced measurement, sensing, and communication requirements, enhanced operational flexibility, alternate power flow paths, minimized magnetic components, and the use of a single microcontroller for the entire power electronic interface. The proposed converter is designed and verified through experimental tests with a 1-kW, 200 kHz laboratory scale hardware prototype. Experiments demonstrated the ability of the circuit to reconfigure in to controllable topologies to achieve various power flow modes across different ports of the circuit that are PV-to-EV, Grid-to-EV, PV-to-battery, PV-to-grid, PV/battery-to-EV and PV/grid-to-EV. Experimental investigation of the dynamic response during mode transitions verified stability and robustness of the proposed converter.","PeriodicalId":93182,"journal":{"name":"IEEE open journal of power electronics","volume":"6 ","pages":"811-829"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10963984","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143929799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adaptive Operation of SS- and LCC- Compensated IPT Systems With High Tolerance to Magnetic Coupling Coefficient Variations","authors":"Fco. Javier López-Alcolea;Emilio J. Molina-Martínez;Alfonso Parreño-Torres;Jaime García-Jiménez;Javier Vázquez;Pedro Roncero-Sánchez","doi":"10.1109/OJPEL.2025.3559436","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJPEL.2025.3559436","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes an adaptive operation of an IPT system that can manage significant variations in the value of the magnetic coupling coefficient <inline-formula><tex-math>$k$</tex-math></inline-formula>. It employs a proportional-integral (PI) and a predictive-integral (Pred-I) controller to regulate the DC bus voltage and the battery current on the vehicle assembly (VA) side, respectively. Furthermore, an expert controller is implemented at a higher hierarchical level to monitor the behavior of both control loops and to determine when it is necessary to adapt the IPT system operation. The control tasks are managed solely by the EV, and the charger placed on the parking side operates with no control loop applied. Consequently, the need for real-time data exchange for control purposes between both sides of the magnetic coupling is avoided, and the operation and implementation of the ground assembly (GA) side are simplified. The experimental validation of the proposed operation was conducted on a 3-kW prototype featuring three different air gaps, which is capable of operating either with both a Series-Series (SS) or an LCC compensation network. As a result, the proper operation and adaptation of the system was assessed considering a variation of more than 100% between the lower an higher values of <inline-formula><tex-math>$k$</tex-math></inline-formula>.","PeriodicalId":93182,"journal":{"name":"IEEE open journal of power electronics","volume":"6 ","pages":"693-711"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10960307","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143871122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}