British Journal of Radiology最新文献

{"title":"A Novel Ultrasound-based Nomogram Using Contrast-enhanced and Conventional Ultrasound Features to Improve Preoperative Diagnosis of Parathyroid Adenomas versus Cervical Lymph Nodes.","authors":"Yan Xu, Zhongkun Zuo, Qinghai Peng, Rongsen Zhang, Kui Tang, Chengcheng Niu","doi":"10.1093/bjr/tqaf230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bjr/tqaf230","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Precise preoperative localization of parathyroid gland lesion is essential for guiding surgery in primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT). The aim of our study was to investigate the contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) characteristics of parathyroid gland adenoma (PGA) and to evaluate whether PGA can be differentiated from central cervical lymph nodes (CCLN).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fifty-four consecutive patients with PHPT were retrospectively enrolled and underwent preoperative imaging with high-resolution ultrasound (US) and CEUS, and underwent subsequent parathyroidectomy. One hundred and seventy-four lymph nodes of papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTC) patients were examined by high-resolution US and CEUS, and underwent unilateral, subtotal, or total thyroidectomy with central neck dissection were enrolled. By incorporating US and CEUS characteristics, a predictive model presented as a nomogram was developed, and their performance and utility were evaluated by plotting receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, calibration curves and decision curve analysis (DCA).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three US characteristics and two CEUS characteristics were independent characteristics related to PGA for their differentiation from CCLN, and were obtained for machine learning model construction. The area under the receiver characteristic curve (AUC) of the US+CEUS model was 0.915, was higher than the other US model (0.874) and CEUS model (0.791).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>It is recommended that CEUS techniques be used to enhance the diagnostic utility of US in cases of suspected parathyroid lesions.</p><p><strong>Advances in knowledge: </strong>This is the first study to use a combination of US+CEUS to build a nomogram to distinguish between PGA and CCLN, filling a gap in the existing literatures.</p>","PeriodicalId":9306,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Radiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145091142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrasound radiomics-based dynamic nomogram to predict histologic grade in soft tissue sarcoma: a multi-center cohort study.","authors":"Mengjie Wu, Boyang Zhou, Ao Li, Hailing Zha, Xinyue Wang, Hongjin Hua, Tiantian Zhang, Shuping Wei, Wei Zhang, Huixiong Xu","doi":"10.1093/bjr/tqaf227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bjr/tqaf227","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To predict histologic grade of soft tissue sarcoma (STS) with preoperative ultrasound images, aiding in the selection of personalized treatment plans and improving long-term prognosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In total, 238 patients with histologically proven STS were retrospectively enrolled from April 2016 to December 2023 and divided into the training and internal validation cohorts. 70 patients were prospectively enrolled from three centers between January 2024 and December 2024 as the external validation cohort. Radiomics features were extracted from preoperative grayscale ultrasound images. The dynamic nomogram (DynNom) was developed by using multivariable logistic regression analysis. Predictive performance was evaluated with the receiving operating characteristic curve, calibration curve, Hosmer-Lemeshow test, decision curve analysis (DCA), and clinical impact curve (CIC).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The DynNom based on clinical-US characteristics (metastasis status, echogenicity, fascia layer, and vascularity) and radiomics features yielded an optimal AUC of 0.915 (95% CI, 0.873-0.947), 0.87 (95% CI, 0.79-0.93), and 0.90 (95% CI, 0.80-0.96) for predicting the STS histologic grade in the training, internal and external validation cohorts, respectively. The DynNom outperformed the conventional model and radiomics model (P < 0.05). Calibration curves and Hosmer-Lemeshow tests indicated its satisfactory calibration ability. DCA confirmed that the DynNom outperformed other models in overall net benefit, meanwhile CIC suggested that the DynNom had great clinical applicability in predicting histologic grade.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The dynamic nomogram is a practical tool that could predict the histologic grade of STS, which might help clinicians to screen histologic high-grade STSs as neoadjuvant treatment candidates.</p><p><strong>Advances in knowledge: </strong>The dynamic nomogram had the potential to accurately predict histologic grade in STS patients before surgery. High-risk patients defined by the dynamic nomogram were potential candidates for preoperative radiotherapy and neoadjuvant chemotherapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":9306,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Radiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145091249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrasound Imaging/Guidance for Insertional Achilles Tendinopathy.","authors":"Vincenzo Ricci, Toru Omodani, Ke-Vin Chang, Costantino Ricci, Ondřej Naňka, Antonio Corvino, Massimo Caulo, Andrea Delli Pizzi, Vito Cantisani, Giorgio Tamborrini, Giulio Cocco, Levent Özçakar","doi":"10.1093/bjr/tqaf231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bjr/tqaf231","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This observational study aimed to define a standardized sonographic approach for evaluating the elementary lesions of the tendon-bone junction (TBJ) in insertional Achilles tendinopathy (IAT).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using high-frequency transducers, we matched the histological microarchitecture and the anatomical features of the TBJ of the Achilles tendon in patients with a clinical diagnosis of IAT. Color/power Doppler assessments have been performed as well.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifty eight patients, with a mean age of 54 years (54.50 ± 11.72) and a gender distribution of 32 males (55.17%) and 26 females (44.83%), were enrolled in this observational study. Five elementary lesions of IAT were sonographically defined: bone spur, calcified longitudinal fissuration, intra-tendinous bony formation, tendon-bone disjunction, and fibrocartilage hyperemia. Moreover, specific sonographic signs have been identified to differentiate bony spurs in the growing phase and end-stage.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Using high-frequency B-mode and high-sensitive Doppler imaging, detailed sonographic assessment of the TBJ can be performed in IAT patients. The aforementioned five elementary lesions can be considered as a standardized approach for prompt examination of this complex/anatomical region.</p><p><strong>Advances in knowledge: </strong>Recent advances in ultrasound equipment allow for accurate assessment of the TBJ of the AT. The present observational study defined five elementary sonographic lesions of the IAT as bone spur, calcified longitudinal fissuration, intra-tendinous bony formation, tendon-bone disjunction, and fibrocartilage hyperemia. Pertinent ultrasound-guided procedures targeting the TBJ are also discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":9306,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Radiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145091213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the role of LLMs in supporting patient education during the informed consent process for routine radiology procedures.","authors":"Eric Einspänner, Roland Schwab, Sebastian Hupfeld, Maximilian Thormann, Erelle Fuchs, Matthias Gawlitza, Jan Borggrefe, Daniel Behme","doi":"10.1093/bjr/tqaf225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bjr/tqaf225","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study evaluated three LLM chatbots (GPT-3.5-turbo, GPT-4-turbo, and GPT-4o) on their effectiveness in supporting patient education by answering common patient questions for CT, MRI, and DSA informed consent, assessing their accuracy and clarity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Two radiologists formulated 90 questions categorized as general, clinical, or technical. Each LLM answered every question five times. Radiologists then rated the responses for medical accuracy and clarity, while medical physicists assessed technical accuracy using a Likert scale. semantic similarity was analyzed with SBERT and cosine similarity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ratings improved with newer model versions. Linear mixed-effects models revealed that GPT-4 models were rated significantly higher than GPT-3.5 (p < 0.001) by both physicians and physicists. However, physicians' ratings for GPT-4 models showed a significant performance decrease for complex modalities like DSA and MRI (p < 0.01), a pattern not observed in physicists' ratings. SBERT analysis revealed high internal consistency across all models. SBERT analysis revealed high internal consistency across all models.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Variability in ratings revealed that while models effectively handled general and technical questions, they struggled with contextually complex medical inquiries requiring personalized responses and nuanced understanding. Statistical analysis confirms that while newer models are superior, their performance is modality-dependent and perceived differently by clinical and technical experts.</p><p><strong>Advances in knowledge: </strong>This study evaluates the potential of LLMs to enhance informed consent in radiology, highlighting strengths in general and technical questions while noting limitations with complex clinical inquiries, with performance varying significantly by model type and imaging modality.</p>","PeriodicalId":9306,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Radiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145091153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond Green: Sustainability in Nuclear Medicine Practice.","authors":"Geoffrey M Currie","doi":"10.1093/bjr/tqaf226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bjr/tqaf226","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sustainable nuclear medicine practice tends to focus on \"greener\" practices. A holistic framework requires a multi-dimensional approach that considers the entire nuclear medicine pipeline beyond \"green\" initiatives and through a global lens. There is a paucity of nuclear medicine sustainable literature although documented sustainability strategies in radiology provide transferability. For nuclear medicine practice, there are a number of interconnected sustainability domains. While AI may provide solutions for improved sustainability through workflow efficiencies, cost reductions and decreased carbon footprint, there are a number of other easy to implement strategies for waste reduction, energy consumption reduction, and improved efficiencies. Carbon offsets represent a potential strategy to create carbon neutrality of nuclear medicine services and represent a commitment to planetary health and global \"net zero by 2030\" sustainability targets.</p>","PeriodicalId":9306,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Radiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145091181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimising Diagnostic Pathways through digital Multidisciplinary Team management of Patients with Cancer of Unknown Primary: a Retrospective Analysis.","authors":"J R J Willems, M J Lahaye, P Snaebjornsson, S Marchetti, M A Vollebergh, L W van Golen, W V Vogel, Z J Cheung, S Rostami, Z Bodalal, R G H Beets-Tan, D M J Lambregts","doi":"10.1093/bjr/tqaf228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bjr/tqaf228","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Diagnostic pathways for cancer of unknown primary (CUP) are often underdeveloped. At our tertiary referral centre for CUP, we recently introduced a new diagnostic workflow that includes digital discussion of CUP patients by a dedicated multidisciplinary team (MDT), centralised second opinion reviews, and an MDT-guided approach to further diagnostic steps. This study retrospectively assesses the outcomes of this optimised workflow on efficiency, diagnostic yield, and healthcare professional satisfaction.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively compared outcomes for 39 patients from period A(May 2021-April 2022) to 41 patients from period B(Dec 2022-Nov 2023) following workflow optimisation. Outcomes included time-to-diagnosis, diagnostic yield, impact of second opinion imaging reviews, and satisfaction levels among involved MDT members.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After workflow implementation, median time to diagnosis/treatment decreased from 36 to 28 days(p = 0.07). Second opinion imaging reviews led to the detection of new tumour lesions in 10% of cases. A primary tumour diagnosis was established 49% patients from period A versus 61% in period B(p = 0.37). Satisfaction among MDT members notably improved, especially regarding interdisciplinary communication and workflow efficiency.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our optimised CUP workflow with digital MDT-discussions and routine second opinion reviews of imaging and pathology data, improved diagnostic efficiency and satisfaction among physicians. These results highlight the value of a multidisciplinary, patient-centred approach focused on effective patient management in CUP.</p><p><strong>Advances in knowledge: </strong>Integrating digital MDT discussions and centralized second-opinion reviews in CUP care improves diagnostic efficiency and may enhance primary tumour detection rates. Radiologists and other diagnosticians play a key role in this multidisciplinary approach.</p>","PeriodicalId":9306,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Radiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145091139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CT Imaging in Earthquake Trauma Patients with Different Levels of Creatine Kinase: Is There an Association with Renal Enhancement?","authors":"Sezer Nil Yılmazer Zorlu, Melahat Kul, Ayşegül Gürsoy Çoruh, Başak Gülpınar, Diğdem Kuru Öz, Ruhi Erdem Ergüden, Çağlar Uzun","doi":"10.1093/bjr/tqaf229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bjr/tqaf229","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate whether serum creatine kinase (CK) levels in patients with earthquake-related crush injuries are associated with alterations in renal enhancement patterns on contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT), in the absence of overt acute kidney injury (AKI).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively analyzed contrast-enhanced abdominopelvic CT scans of 45 adult survivors with crush injuries sustained during the 2023 earthquakes. Based on CK levels, patients were stratified into low- and high-risk groups for AKI. A control group with normal renal function and no trauma history was included. Renal perfusion was assessed by calculating enhancement ratios-specifically, the cortex-to-aorta and normalized medulla-to-cortex ratios-derived from attenuation measurements of the renal cortex, medulla, and vascular reference points. Correlation analyses were conducted to assess associations with biochemical parameters.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Although none of the trauma patients developed AKI during follow-up, the cortex-to-aorta attenuation ratio was significantly lower in the high-risk group compared to controls (p = 0.042). A weak negative correlation was observed between serum CK levels and the cortex-to-aorta ratio (r = -0.295, p = 0.049). The normalized medulla-to-cortex ratio did not significantly differ between groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Contrast-enhanced CT may detect subclinical reductions in renal cortical perfusion in crush injury patients with elevated CK, even without overt AKI. The cortex-to-aorta attenuation ratio may serve as a noninvasive imaging marker of early renal involvement and warrants further investigation.</p><p><strong>Advances in knowledge: </strong>Renal cortical hypoperfusion can be visualized on contrast-enhanced CT in asymptomatic crush injury patients, highlighting a novel radiologic marker for subclinical renal involvement.</p>","PeriodicalId":9306,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Radiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145091187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Circulating tumor cells for the prediction of the response to radiation therapy in prostate cancer.","authors":"Camille Landry, Daria Klusa, Denis Cochonneau, Stéphane Supiot, Dominique Heymann","doi":"10.1093/bjr/tqaf224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bjr/tqaf224","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) have emerged as a promising biomarker for assessing prognosis and predicting therapeutic efficacy in various cancers, including metastatic prostate cancer. However, predicting patient response to treatment, including radiation therapy remains a significant clinical challenge. This review explores the value of CTCs as prognostic markers in radiation therapy for prostate cancer, discussing their detection methods, biological significance, clinical relevance, and future implications.</p>","PeriodicalId":9306,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Radiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145091200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epicardial and Pericardial Adipose Tissue: Anatomy, physiology, Imaging, Segmentation, and Treatment Effects.","authors":"Tristan T Demmert, Konstantin Klambauer, Lukas J Moser, Victor Mergen, Matthias Eberhard, Hatem Alkadhi","doi":"10.1093/bjr/tqaf223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bjr/tqaf223","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Epicardial (EAT) and pericardial adipose tissue (PAT) are increasingly recognized as distinct fat depots with implications for cardiovascular disease. This review discusses their anatomical and physiological characteristics, as well as their pathophysiological roles. EAT, in direct contact with the myocardium, exerts local inflammatory and metabolic effects on the heart, while PAT influences cardiovascular health rather systemically. We sought to discuss the currently used imaging modalities to assess these fat compartments-CT, MRI, and echocardiography-emphasizing their advantages, limitations, and the urgent need for standardization for both scanning and image reconstruction. Advances in image segmentation, particularly deep learning-based approaches, have improved the accuracy and reproducibility of EAT and PAT quantification. This review also explores the role of EAT and PAT as risk factors for cardiovascular outcomes, summarizing conflicting evidence across studies. Finally, we summarize the effects of medical therapy and lifestyle interventions on reducing EAT volume. Understanding and accurately quantifying EAT and PAT is essential for cardiovascular risk stratification and may open new pathways for therapeutic interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":9306,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Radiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145091167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deep learning-based volume of interest imaging in helical CT for image quality improvement and radiation dose reduction.","authors":"Zhongxing Zhou, Akitoshi Inoue, Christian W Cox, Cynthia H McCollough, Lifeng Yu","doi":"10.1093/bjr/tqaf128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bjr/tqaf128","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To develop a volume of interest (VOI) imaging technique in multi-detector-row helical CT to reduce radiation dose or improve image quality within the VOI.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A deep-learning method based on a residual U-Net architecture, named VOI-Net, was developed to correct truncation artifacts in VOI helical CT. Three patient cases, a chest CT of interstitial lung disease and 2 abdominopelvic CT of liver tumour, were used for evaluation through simulation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>VOI-Net effectively corrected truncation artifacts (root mean square error [RMSE] of 5.97 ± 2.98 Hounsfield Units [HU] for chest, 3.12 ± 1.93 HU, and 3.71 ± 1.87 HU for liver). Radiation dose was reduced by 71% without sacrificing image quality within a 10-cm diameter VOI, compared to a full scan field of view (FOV) of 50 cm. With the same total energy deposited as in a full FOV scan, image quality within the VOI matched that at 350% higher radiation dose. A radiologist confirmed improved lesion conspicuity and visibility of small linear reticulations associated with ground-glass opacity and liver tumour.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Focusing radiation on the VOI and using VOI-Net in a helical scan, total radiation can be reduced or higher image quality equivalent to those at higher doses in standard full FOV scan can be achieved within the VOI.</p><p><strong>Advances in knowledge: </strong>A targeted helical VOI imaging technique enabled by a deep-learning-based artifact correction method improves image quality within the VOI without increasing radiation dose.</p>","PeriodicalId":9306,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Radiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145091205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}