British journal of psychology最新文献_第8页

Musicality – Tuned to the melody of vocal emotions 音乐性-与声乐情感的旋律相适应。

IF 4 2区心理学

British journal of psychology Pub Date : 2023-10-18 DOI: 10.1111/bjop.12684

Christine Nussbaum, Annett Schirmer, Stefan R. Schweinberger

{"title":"Musicality – Tuned to the melody of vocal emotions","authors":"Christine Nussbaum, Annett Schirmer, Stefan R. Schweinberger","doi":"10.1111/bjop.12684","DOIUrl":"10.1111/bjop.12684","url":null,"abstract":"Musicians outperform non-musicians in vocal emotion perception, likely because of increased sensitivity to acoustic cues, such as fundamental frequency (F0) and timbre. Yet, how musicians make use of these acoustic cues to perceive emotions, and how they might differ from non-musicians, is unclear. To address these points, we created vocal stimuli that conveyed happiness, fear, pleasure or sadness, either in all acoustic cues, or selectively in either F0 or timbre only. We then compared vocal emotion perception performance between professional/semi-professional musicians (N = 39) and non-musicians (N = 38), all socialized in Western music culture. Compared to non-musicians, musicians classified vocal emotions more accurately. This advantage was seen in the full and F0-modulated conditions, but was absent in the timbre-modulated condition indicating that musicians excel at perceiving the melody (F0), but not the timbre of vocal emotions. Further, F0 seemed more important than timbre for the recognition of all emotional categories. Additional exploratory analyses revealed a link between time-varying F0 perception in music and voices that was independent of musical training. Together, these findings suggest that musicians are particularly tuned to the melody of vocal emotions, presumably due to a natural predisposition to exploit melodic patterns.","PeriodicalId":9300,"journal":{"name":"British journal of psychology","volume":"115 2","pages":"206-225"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/bjop.12684","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41232470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Curious about threats: Morbid curiosity and interest in conspiracy theories in US adults 对威胁充满好奇美国成年人对阴谋论的病态好奇和兴趣

IF 4 2区心理学

British journal of psychology Pub Date : 2023-09-26 DOI: 10.1111/bjop.12682

Coltan Scrivner, Joseph M. Stubbersfield

{"title":"Curious about threats: Morbid curiosity and interest in conspiracy theories in US adults","authors":"Coltan Scrivner, Joseph M. Stubbersfield","doi":"10.1111/bjop.12682","DOIUrl":"10.1111/bjop.12682","url":null,"abstract":"Conspiracy theories allege secret plots between two or more powerful actors to achieve an outcome, sometimes explaining important events or proposing alternative understandings of reality in opposition to mainstream accounts, and commonly highlight the threat presented by the plot and its conspirators. Research in psychology proposes that belief in conspiracy theories is motivated by a desire to understand threats and is predicted by increased anxiety. Morbid curiosity describes the tendency to seek out information about threatening or dangerous situations and is associated with an interest in threat-related entertainment and increased anxiety. Across three studies, we investigated the relationship between morbid curiosity and conspiracy theories in US-based samples. We found that higher trait morbid curiosity was associated with higher general conspiracist beliefs (Study 1) and the perceived threat of conspiratorial explanations of events (Study 2). Using a behavioural choice paradigm, we found that participants who chose to investigate morbidly curious stimuli were more likely to choose to learn about conspiratorial explanations for events (Study 3). Greater curiosity about the minds of dangerous people was consistently the strongest predictor of conspiratorial ideation and interest. These results suggest that morbid curiosity is an important but hitherto unstudied predictor of conspiratorial interest and belief.","PeriodicalId":9300,"journal":{"name":"British journal of psychology","volume":"115 1","pages":"129-147"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/bjop.12682","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134960485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Self as a prior: The malleability of Bayesian multisensory integration to social salience 作为先验的自我：贝叶斯多感官整合对社会显著性的延展性。

IF 4 2区心理学

British journal of psychology Pub Date : 2023-09-25 DOI: 10.1111/bjop.12683

Meike Scheller, Huilin Fang, Jie Sui

{"title":"Self as a prior: The malleability of Bayesian multisensory integration to social salience","authors":"Meike Scheller, Huilin Fang, Jie Sui","doi":"10.1111/bjop.12683","DOIUrl":"10.1111/bjop.12683","url":null,"abstract":"Our everyday perceptual experiences are grounded in the integration of information within and across our senses. Due to this direct behavioural relevance, cross-modal integration retains a certain degree of contextual flexibility, even to social relevance. However, how social relevance modulates cross-modal integration remains unclear. To investigate possible mechanisms, Experiment 1 tested the principles of audio-visual integration for numerosity estimation by deriving a Bayesian optimal observer model with perceptual prior from empirical data to explain perceptual biases. Such perceptual priors may shift towards locations of high salience in the stimulus space. Our results showed that the tendency to over- or underestimate numerosity, expressed in the frequency and strength of fission and fusion illusions, depended on the actual event numerosity. Experiment 2 replicated the effects of social relevance on multisensory integration from Scheller & Sui, 2022 JEP:HPP, using a lower number of events, thereby favouring the opposite illusion through enhanced influences of the prior. In line with the idea that the self acts like a prior, the more frequently observed illusion (more malleable to prior influences) was modulated by self-relevance. Our findings suggest that the self can influence perception by acting like a prior in cue integration, biasing perceptual estimates towards areas of high self-relevance.","PeriodicalId":9300,"journal":{"name":"British journal of psychology","volume":"115 2","pages":"185-205"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/bjop.12683","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41111860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mood induction through imitation of full-body movements with different affective intentions 通过模仿具有不同情感意图的全身动作来诱导情绪。

IF 4 2区心理学

British journal of psychology Pub Date : 2023-09-22 DOI: 10.1111/bjop.12681

Eva-Madeleine Schmidt, Rebecca A. Smith, Andrés Fernández, Birte Emmermann, Julia F. Christensen

{"title":"Mood induction through imitation of full-body movements with different affective intentions","authors":"Eva-Madeleine Schmidt, Rebecca A. Smith, Andrés Fernández, Birte Emmermann, Julia F. Christensen","doi":"10.1111/bjop.12681","DOIUrl":"10.1111/bjop.12681","url":null,"abstract":"Theories of human emotion, including some emotion embodiment theories, suggest that our moods and affective states are reflected in the movements of our bodies. We used the reverse process for mood regulation; modulate body movements to regulate mood. Dancing is a type of full-body movement characterized by affective expressivity and, hence, offers the possibility to express different affective states through the same movement sequences. We tested whether the repeated imitation of a dancer performing two simple full-body dance movement sequences with different affective expressivity (happy or sad) could change mood states. Computer-based systems, using avatars as dance models to imitate, offer a series of advantages such as independence from physical contact and location. Therefore, we compared mood induction effects in two conditions: participants were asked to imitate dance movements from one of the two avatars showing: (a) videos of a human dancer model or (b) videos of a robot dancer model. The mood induction was successful for both happy and sad imitations, regardless of condition (human vs. robot avatar dance model). Moreover, the magnitude of happy mood induction and how much participants liked the task predicted work-related motivation after the mood induction. We conclude that mood regulation through dance movements is possible and beneficial in the work context.","PeriodicalId":9300,"journal":{"name":"British journal of psychology","volume":"115 1","pages":"148-180"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/bjop.12681","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41106247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The moderating roles of resilience and social support in the relationships between bullying victimization and well-being among Chinese adolescents: Evidence from PISA 2018 抗逆力和社会支持在中国青少年遭受欺凌与幸福感关系中的调节作用：来自2018年国际学生评估项目的证据。

IF 4 2区心理学

British journal of psychology Pub Date : 2023-08-26 DOI: 10.1111/bjop.12678

Ying Zhang, Hao Li, Gaowei Chen, Bo Li, Na Li, Xin Zhou

{"title":"The moderating roles of resilience and social support in the relationships between bullying victimization and well-being among Chinese adolescents: Evidence from PISA 2018","authors":"Ying Zhang, Hao Li, Gaowei Chen, Bo Li, Na Li, Xin Zhou","doi":"10.1111/bjop.12678","DOIUrl":"10.1111/bjop.12678","url":null,"abstract":"Bullying victimization can undermine adolescents' well-being. However, few studies have comprehensively investigated the contributions of various victimization forms to well-being and compared which forms were more harmful than others. Evidence on whether resilience and social support moderate such associations is also limited. Using a sample of 12,058 Chinese adolescents in the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) 2018, this cross-sectional study aimed to (1) investigate the associations of physical, verbal and relational victimization with well-being; (2) compare the strengths of these associations; and (3) examine the moderating roles of resilience and teacher and parent support in these associations. Results showed that three victimization forms were associated with poorer well-being. Relational and physical victimization were more harmful to most studied well-being outcomes than verbal victimization. Furthermore, resilience weakened the negative effects of physical victimization on negative affect and life satisfaction but aggravated the negative effects of verbal victimization on both outcomes and the negative effect of relational victimization on school belonging. Teacher support intensified the negative effects of physical victimization on school belonging. Parent support was not effective in regulating the victimization–well-being association. The findings underscored the detrimental effects of bullying victimization on adolescents' well-being and the potentially harmful sides of resilience and social support. Implications for bullying prevention were discussed.","PeriodicalId":9300,"journal":{"name":"British journal of psychology","volume":"115 1","pages":"66-89"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/bjop.12678","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10078565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Moral reasoning behind the veil of ignorance: An investigation into perspective-taking accessibility in the context of autonomous vehicles 无知面纱下的道德推理：自动驾驶汽车背景下的透视可及性调查。

IF 4 2区心理学

British journal of psychology Pub Date : 2023-08-26 DOI: 10.1111/bjop.12679

Giovanni Bruno, Andrea Spoto, Michela Sarlo, Lorella Lotto, Alex Marson, Nicola Cellini, Simone Cutini

{"title":"Moral reasoning behind the veil of ignorance: An investigation into perspective-taking accessibility in the context of autonomous vehicles","authors":"Giovanni Bruno, Andrea Spoto, Michela Sarlo, Lorella Lotto, Alex Marson, Nicola Cellini, Simone Cutini","doi":"10.1111/bjop.12679","DOIUrl":"10.1111/bjop.12679","url":null,"abstract":"Perspective-taking (PT) accessibility has been recognized as an important factor in affecting moral reasoning, also playing a non-trivial role in moral investigation towards autonomous vehicles (AVs). A new proposal to deepen this effect leverages the principles of the veil of ignorance (VOI), as a moral reasoning device aimed to control self-interested decisions by limiting the access to specific perspectives and to potentially biased information. Throughout two studies, we deepen the role of VOI reasoning in the moral perception of AVs, disclosing personal and contingent information progressively throughout the experiment. With the use of the moral trilemma paradigm, two different VOI conditions were operationalized, inspired by the Original Position theory by John Rawls and the Equiprobability Model by John Harsanyi. Evidence suggests a significant role of VOI reasoning in affecting moral reasoning, which seems not independent from the order in which information is revealed. Coherently, a detrimental effect of self-involvement on utilitarian behaviours was detected. These results highlight the importance of considering PT accessibility and self-involvement when investigating moral attitudes towards AVs, since it can help the intelligibility of general concerns and hesitations towards this new technology.","PeriodicalId":9300,"journal":{"name":"British journal of psychology","volume":"115 1","pages":"90-114"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/bjop.12679","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10450915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Life motion signals bias the perception of apparent motion direction 生命运动信号会使人们对表面运动方向的感知产生偏差。

IF 4 2区心理学

British journal of psychology Pub Date : 2023-08-25 DOI: 10.1111/bjop.12680

Yiping Ge, Yiwen Yu, Suqi Huang, Xinyi Huang, Li Wang, Yi Jiang

{"title":"Life motion signals bias the perception of apparent motion direction","authors":"Yiping Ge, Yiwen Yu, Suqi Huang, Xinyi Huang, Li Wang, Yi Jiang","doi":"10.1111/bjop.12680","DOIUrl":"10.1111/bjop.12680","url":null,"abstract":"Walking direction conveyed by biological motion (BM) cues, which humans are highly sensitive to since birth, can elicit involuntary shifts of attention to enhance the detection of static targets. Here, we demonstrated that such intrinsic sensitivity to walking direction could also modulate the direction perception of simultaneously presented dynamic stimuli. We showed that the perceived direction of apparent motion was biased towards the walking direction even though observers had been informed in advance that the walking direction of BM did not predict the apparent motion direction. In particular, rightward BM cues had an advantage over leftward BM cues in altering the perception of motion direction. Intriguingly, this perceptual bias disappeared when BM cues were shown inverted, or when the critical biological characteristics were removed from the cues. Critically, both the perceptual direction bias and the rightward advantage persisted even when only local BM cues were presented without any global configuration. Furthermore, the rightward advantage was found to be specific to social cues (i.e., BM), as it vanished when non-social cues (i.e., arrows) were utilized. Taken together, these findings support the existence of a specific processing mechanism for life motion signals and shed new light on their influences in a dynamic environment.","PeriodicalId":9300,"journal":{"name":"British journal of psychology","volume":"115 1","pages":"115-128"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10068504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A test of the Morality-Agency-Communion (MAC) model of respect and liking across positive and negative traits 对道德机构沟通（MAC）模型在积极和消极特征之间的尊重和喜欢的测试。

IF 4 2区心理学

British journal of psychology Pub Date : 2023-08-21 DOI: 10.1111/bjop.12677

Andrew Prestwich

{"title":"A test of the Morality-Agency-Communion (MAC) model of respect and liking across positive and negative traits","authors":"Andrew Prestwich","doi":"10.1111/bjop.12677","DOIUrl":"10.1111/bjop.12677","url":null,"abstract":"The Morality-Agency-Communion (MAC) model of respect and liking suggests that traits linked with morality are important for respect and liking; traits related to competence or assertiveness are important for respect and traits related to warmth are important for liking. However, tests of this model have tended not to consider traits related to immorality, incompetence, lack of assertiveness or coldness. This study addressed this issue by utilizing a within-subjects design in which participants were required to rate their respect and liking for individuals with specific trait types across four categories (moral; competence; assertiveness; and warmth) at three levels (positive, negative and neutral). The central tenets of the MAC model were supported for ‘positive’ traits (morality, competence, assertiveness and warmth). However, for ‘negative’ traits (immorality, incompetence and lack of assertiveness), individuals were similarly not liked and not respected. Individuals who were cold were respected more than liked. The findings of this study extend the MAC model by indicating that the amount that individuals are respected versus liked depends not only on trait type but also whether a trait is positive or negative.","PeriodicalId":9300,"journal":{"name":"British journal of psychology","volume":"115 1","pages":"51-65"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/bjop.12677","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10089533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Attentional asymmetries in peripheral vision 周边视觉的注意不对称。

IF 4 2区心理学

British journal of psychology Pub Date : 2023-07-15 DOI: 10.1111/bjop.12676

Stefanie Klatt, Benjamin Noël, Robin Schrödter

引用次数: 0

Comparison of face-based and voice-based first impressions in a Chinese sample 在中国样本中比较基于脸部和声音的第一印象。

IF 4 2区心理学

British journal of psychology Pub Date : 2023-07-04 DOI: 10.1111/bjop.12675

Zhongqing Jiang, Dong Li, Zhao Li, Yi Yang, Yangtao Liu, Xin Yue, Qi Wu, Hong Yang, Xiaolin Cui, Peng Xue

{"title":"Comparison of face-based and voice-based first impressions in a Chinese sample","authors":"Zhongqing Jiang, Dong Li, Zhao Li, Yi Yang, Yangtao Liu, Xin Yue, Qi Wu, Hong Yang, Xiaolin Cui, Peng Xue","doi":"10.1111/bjop.12675","DOIUrl":"10.1111/bjop.12675","url":null,"abstract":"People often form first impressions of others based on face and/or voice cues. This study aimed to compare the first impressions formed under these two cues. First, we compared free descriptions based on face and voice cues and found differences in the content and frequency of the personality words. We then compiled three wordlists used for face-based and voice-based first impression evaluations separately or simultaneously. Second, using these wordlists, we compared face-based and voice-based first impression ratings and found that both had significant intra-rater and inter-rater reliability. However, using the mean of the actors' self-rating and their acquaintance rating as the validity criterion, only the ratings of ‘ingenuous’ and ‘mature’ traits in the face-based first impression evaluation were significantly correlated with the validity criterion. Factor analysis revealed that face-based first impression had the dimensions of capability and approachability, while voice-based first impression had capability, approachability and reliability. The findings indicate that stable first impressions can be formed by either face or voice cues. However, the specific composition of impressions will vary between the cues. These results also provide a foundation for studying first impressions formed by an integrated perception of voice and face cues.","PeriodicalId":9300,"journal":{"name":"British journal of psychology","volume":"115 1","pages":"20-39"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9748068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0