Journal of addiction research (OPAST Group)最新文献

{"title":"Cannabis Use is Associated with Depressive Symptoms Among Pregnant Women Receiving Buprenorphine for Opioid Use Disorder","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/jar.06.01.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jar.06.01.04","url":null,"abstract":"Background and aims Previous studies have evaluated various effects of cannabis use on depression and opioid agonist therapy (OAT) outcomes; however, to date, there is no research focused on pregnant women with opioid use disorder (OUD) receiving OAT. This study examined the associations between cannabis use, and OAT outcome measures (retention and opioid use) and depressive symptoms in pregnant women treated with buprenorphine for OUD. Methods 121 pregnant women with OUD in an outpatient clinic were included in a retrospective chart review. At each clinic visit, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II) and urine drug screens (UDS) were collected. Women were categorized into two groups, cannabis use (>1 UDS positive for cannabis) and non-use (all UDS negative for cannabis). Retention was defined as total weeks in treatment and opioid use was defined by the percent of positive UDS for opioids and compared between groups. To evaluate depression symptoms, the mean Beck Depression Inventory-II score over the course of treatment was calculated and compared between the groups. Results There were no significant differences among retention (p=0.67) or use of opioids (p=0.14) between those who did or did not use cannabis. Women who used cannabis during treatment had a higher BDI-II mean score compared to women without cannabis use (16 vs 9.3, p<0.001) over the course of treatment. Cannabis use continued to be associated with elevated depressive scores when controlling for opioid use (rho=0.252; p=0.006), and prescribed antidepressants (rho=0.269; p=0.003). Conclusion Cannabis use among pregnant women receiving buprenorphine for opioid use disorder was not correlated with retention or opioid use. However, cannabis use was associated with higher levels of depressive scores despite opioid use or prescribed antidepressant.","PeriodicalId":92800,"journal":{"name":"Journal of addiction research (OPAST Group)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46378859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Russian Space Director: Wild Threats for the Iss","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/jar.06.01.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jar.06.01.09","url":null,"abstract":"Dmitry Rogozin, the Russian Space Director is known to be provocative online. The announcement of new sanctions against Russia provoked a strong reaction from the head of Russia’s space program, Dmitry Rogozin, yesterday, who seemed to threaten that the restrictions would destroy Russia’s partnership with NASA and lead to the demise of the International Space Station. Though Rogozin is known for his bluster and provocative statements, his comments did spark concern over what NASA would do if the Russians abruptly pulled out of the ISS program — a move that could be a substantial problem.","PeriodicalId":92800,"journal":{"name":"Journal of addiction research (OPAST Group)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44739968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Case of Small Intestinal Perforation During Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/jar.06.01.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jar.06.01.06","url":null,"abstract":"Background: For patients with locally advanced rectal cancer, side effects such as nausea, vomiting and loss of appetite may occur during neoadjuvant chemotherapy, but small intestinal perforation is very rare. Case: We present a case of a 62-year-old man who suffered small intestinal perforation in the first cycle neoadjuvant treatment of locally advanced rectal cancer with capecitabine and oxaliplatin. Six days after the start of neoadjuvant chemotherapy, he began to develop intermittent abdominal pain, accompanied by diarrhea and abdominal distension. The CT scan revealed an abscess with free air in the pelvic cavity with proximal intestinal ileus. Then we performed a laparotomy. After enterolysis, the rectum with tumor was carefully examined with no perforative lesion, and the terminal ileum about 15cm from the ileocecum which adhere to the pelvic abscess had one about 0.8cm ulcer. The patient had a radical anterior resection and the morbid small bowel resection with protective ileostomy. The postoperative pathological examination showed the full-thickness necrosis of the intestinal wall in the ileal lesion with peripheral acute suppurative inflammation. AND the final pathological stage of the tumor was pT3N0M0 (American Joint Committee on Cancer, eighth edition). Conclusion: As a chemotherapy regimen based on fluorouracil and oxaliplatin, small intestinal perforation is a very rare complication. The most common complications of these two drugs are gastrointestinal symptoms such as diarrhea. Therefore, when the complications are not relieved during chemotherapy, we should think of a more serious possibility.","PeriodicalId":92800,"journal":{"name":"Journal of addiction research (OPAST Group)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49567593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Old and New Hypothesis to The Mechanism Underlying Opioid Addiction and A Novel Treatment – A Review","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/jar.06.01.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jar.06.01.02","url":null,"abstract":"Previously we presented experimental evidence that the severity of drugs of abuse withdrawal behaviors is correlated with drug-related changes in baseline neuronal firing patterns in 14 regions of the brain that we studied. These 14 areas of the brain participate in reward and pain sensations as well in response to drugs of abuse. Based on these experiments we came to the following hypothesis: Repeated morphine exposure elicits a chain of molecular and cellular events that results in the modulation (disruption) of the baseline (spontaneous) neuronal activities from the initial state to the opioid-induced state which requires continuous morphine use to keep this new baseline (BL). Cessation of morphine consumption disrupts this new morphine modified BL. This BL neuronal activity disruption leads to the expression of the withdrawal. Activation of these brain areas by noninvasive transcranial current stimulation (NTCS) will provide a novel efficacious intervention to diminish the development of opioid tolerance and the severe symptoms of opioid withdrawal. NTCS, when applied to addicted animals when the morphine consumption is discontinued rewires the disrupted neuronal circuits activities and facilitates a return to the initial BL. This will lessen or eliminate the behavioral expression of the withdrawal symptoms. NTCS have the potential to obviate and/or supplement significantly the common treatments of addiction that employ medications with drugs in the opioid family and prolonged behavioral therapies. New approaches to the opioid crisis are badly needed since the current drug treatments require lengthy investments of times.","PeriodicalId":92800,"journal":{"name":"Journal of addiction research (OPAST Group)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42996467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unbundling Urban Education: Which School Type, Traditional Public School or Charter School Are Most Effectively Educating Urban Students","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/jar.06.01.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jar.06.01.03","url":null,"abstract":"Public education has been categorized as the perpetrator for everything from high crime rates to teen pregnancies. The American public has been tricked into believing the school system is a failure [1]. In fact, urban public-school systems have a dismal reputation in many cities across the United States because of lowered standardized test performance and increased school violence. Noted it was not schools that were the culprit for underachieving urban students, but poverty and segregation [2]. As explained by despite continually increasing graduation rates, over one million high school students dropped out of school each year. Stakeholders deliberate about how to improve education for urban students, and the introduction of charter schools came about as a solution to the many issues facing urban public education [3]. Implementation of charter schools could cause traditional public schools to become more effective. Junge concluded, “If a school is not working, let’s end it [4]. That’s how we’ll improve public education for all”. “End it”, is precisely what the city of Philadelphia did, in 2013, 30 schools in Philadelphia were closed, displacing over 15,000 students. The state and mayoral - appointed School Reform Commission engendered substantial political pushback. Philadelphia’s city council voted 14 to two passing a resolution calling for a halt of additional school closures [5]. Additionally, community groups filed civil rights complaints with the US Department of Education [6]. City wide planning meetings attracted upwards of 1000 students and parents [7]. Protests leading up to the decision drew thousands, leading to 19 arrests, including the head of the national teacher’s union.","PeriodicalId":92800,"journal":{"name":"Journal of addiction research (OPAST Group)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41648718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Affective and Cognitive Responses to Distress: the ‘A’ And ‘C’ Components of I-Pace Model Hypothesized to Explain the High Prevalence of Internet Gaming Disorder in Africa","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/jar.06.01.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jar.06.01.07","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Internet use is basic part of contemporary people’s lives globally and it’s being used for education, business, and leisure. However, the use of internet has become addictive behavior for some to the point that internet gaming disorder became an emerging diagnosis in DSM-5. Based on the available statistics and fact, Africa has the lowest internet users and penetration rates, yet she has the highest prevalence of internet gaming disorder. This concerns trigger the researcher to seek for answer to the question of why the phenomenon is high in Africa continent. Therefore, this study hypothesized that affective and cognitive responses to distress are reasons for high prevalence of IGD in Africa. Methods: This study was a web-based cross-sectional survey of 728 eligible respondents who assented to participate via google form. The samples were drawn from four major regions in Africa; Eastern Africa (416, 57.1%), Western Africa (129, 17.7%), Southern Africa (93, 12.8%) and Northern Africa (90, 12.4%). Researcher-generated socio-demographic questionnaire and Internet Gaming Disorder Scale-Short Form (IGDS9-SF) were used to collect data from the participants. Results: Results from this study implied that higher rate of IGD in africa was found to be associated with unbearable level of hardship (p=0.012), unbearable level of hardship in African countries (p=0.011), high level of stress (p=0.002), and that internet gaming is one way to cope wih life stress and it is tested significant to precipitate the high rate of IGD in Africa (p=0.001). Conclusion: The study concluded that level of hardship in Africa and high level of stress are keys to high rate of IGD in Africa; hence, African leaders are challenged to alleviate hardship and stress in Africa, this will help African youths to make use of their time meaningfully.","PeriodicalId":92800,"journal":{"name":"Journal of addiction research (OPAST Group)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46443030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pope Against Erotism","authors":"R. Skopec","doi":"10.33140/jar.06.01.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jar.06.01.08","url":null,"abstract":"Pope says female genital mutilation affronts dignity, must end. VATICAN CITY, Feb 6 (Reuters) - Pope Francis condemned female genital mutilation and trafficking of women for prostitution on Sunday, calling them humiliating affronts to women’s dignity and urging officials to do everything possible to end both.”This practice, which is unfortunately common in various parts of the world, humiliates the dignity of a woman and gravely attacks her physical integrity,” Francis said, speaking on the U.N. International Day of Zero Tolerance for Female Genital Mutilation (FGM)","PeriodicalId":92800,"journal":{"name":"Journal of addiction research (OPAST Group)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49419393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Literature Review on Caffeine Related Disorder in Line with Coffee Addiction","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/jar.06.01.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jar.06.01.01","url":null,"abstract":"Coffee is a widely popular and beverage in our day. It is widely consumed in many societies and the amount of this consumption has been gradually increasing over the years. However, because of the caffeine and some other chemical substances that it contains, it can give rise to addiction cases when used in excessive amounts; and, the American Psychiatric Association’s having given place to warnings that it might cause withdrawal and intoxication, in its DSM V published in 2013, it directed the attention of the science world to this aspect and gave a wing to the studies. In this study, especially worldwide international publications released in recent years have been examined, aiming to handle the benefits and damages of coffee consumption in line with caffeine addiction. In this sense, the literature has been synthesised using the document review method, offering guiding information for future studies about the relation between coffee addiction and caffeine consumption disorder. In addition to recommended doses and overdose amounts, an important warning made by the experts is that the consumption criteria is different for each individual. However, it is considered important to take into account the possible effects of overdose consumption especially on pregnant women and children.","PeriodicalId":92800,"journal":{"name":"Journal of addiction research (OPAST Group)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43750968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fatal Toxicity Index, Total Prescriptions per Death, a Unique View of Medical Examiner Deaths and Prescription Monitoring Data","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/jar.06.01.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jar.06.01.11","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: This study is the first of its kind in the United States to report a fatal toxicity index (FTI) of prescription drugs commonly implicated in deaths to quantify the dangers of prescription drugs. Death rates for the top fourteen schedule II-IV drugs implicated in overdoses were examined as deaths per million pills dispensed to a large county population over a one-year period to derive a fatal toxicity index (FTI), which is an indicator of the level of toxicity in accidental prescription-related overdose deaths. Medical Examiner data used to understand the prescription drugs, co-prescribing of multiple prescriptions, illicit drugs and alcohol in deaths. Methods: This retrospective, descriptive analysis examined all accidental prescription-related deaths (n=247) as determined by the San Diego Medical Examiner (ME) investigation during 2015. Data were analysed by age, sex, individual prescription drugs and combinations of prescription drugs. Prescribing data were obtained from the CURES reporting system, California’s prescription drug monitoring system. The CURES data in combination with ME data were used to derive an FTI for each of the selected drugs. Results: Approximately 57% (n=140) of the 247 prescription-related deaths in 2015 were among men with an average age of 48(SD=14.4). Of all single prescription deaths, the majority involved opioids (n=31; 67.4%). Over two-thirds of all deaths involved two or more substances with the most common contributory drugs being oxycodone (n=57, 23%), alprazolam (n=39, 15.8%), and morphine (n=36, 14.6%). Hydrocodone provided the largest quantity of prescribed pills (55,378,292) but accounted for only 12 percent of all accidental prescription deaths (n=30). Of all drugs examined hydrocodone had the lowest FTI (0.54 deaths per million pills dispensed). Drugs with the highest FTI included chlordiazepoxide (40.03), fentanyl (35.75) and methadone (9.1). Conclusions: Focus on the prescription drug epidemic has been on opioids however, data suggest that drugs from various classes are represented in deaths. A multi-drug approach and study of top prescription related deaths should be considered when working to promoting safe prescribing and to reduce accidental overdoses.","PeriodicalId":92800,"journal":{"name":"Journal of addiction research (OPAST Group)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43171940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brain, Lagree Method, Manual Therapy; Physical Exercise, Microformer, Massage in Psycho-Body, Emotional-Affective and Socio-Relational Recovery","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/jar.05.02.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jar.05.02.07","url":null,"abstract":"Exercise as a moment of socializing, fun and well-being. Titanic Enterprise? Just want to do. For me, I have brought together the greatest, the best, my closest friends, for one great passion: movement, physical exercise, as a source of well-being, especially in this critical moment for those who have suffered damage even from the point of view. economically. But the topic is another. I was in Sicily, a friend of mine is training with others but ... he has a herniated disc ... prevents him from moving ... yet, thanks also to the encouragement, the sociability, the fun of the group itself, he does not he feels pain and is able to perform all exercises perfectly. Hence the idea: can conviviality, sociality in the world of sport have and be a natural opioid? Can we modulate our perception of pain thanks to a “disembodied attitude and an enactive approach? We are embodied beings” , in which minds, bodies, environment and culture are connected to each other on different levels. “The answer is yes and the purpose of the post is to leave you breathless to admire the infinite beauty of my friends who train and have fun, live the sport , the Movement and long live true friendship. Obviously I emphasize my world, my fitness lagree method, Lagreefitness which also improves self-esteem, good mood through the generation of wellness molecules and hormones. heart health, brain health, muscle and joint health. Neuroscience and lagree method; induction of the pituitary hypothalamic axis of growth hormone, its possible implications in longevity","PeriodicalId":92800,"journal":{"name":"Journal of addiction research (OPAST Group)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49059751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}