Irrigation and drainage (International Commission on Irrigation and Drainage)最新文献

Effects of micro‐nano bubble aerated irrigation and levels of nitrogen fertilizer on nitrogen accumulation and metabolism in super rice 微纳泡灌和施氮量对超级稻氮素积累和代谢的影响

Irrigation and drainage (International Commission on Irrigation and Drainage) Pub Date : 2022-11-09 DOI: 10.1002/ird.2765

W. Xiao, Q. Liao, Jian-jun Fu, Yan‐ni Liu, Cui‐ping Zhang, Wenping Zhang

{"title":"Effects of micro‐nano bubble aerated irrigation and levels of nitrogen fertilizer on nitrogen accumulation and metabolism in super rice","authors":"W. Xiao, Q. Liao, Jian-jun Fu, Yan‐ni Liu, Cui‐ping Zhang, Wenping Zhang","doi":"10.1002/ird.2765","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ird.2765","url":null,"abstract":"Micro‐nano bubble aerated irrigation (MNBI) is an innovative technology that generates nano‐diameter bubbles in irrigation water via a micro‐nano bubble device. In this study, pot experiments with three different nitrogen level treatments under conventional irrigation and MNBI were conducted to investigate the effects of MNBI and nitrogen application levels on rice yield, nitrogen accumulation and utilization. The results showed that MNBI promoted rice yields by increasing the seed setting rate compared to conventional irrigation, and nitrogen accumulation was positively correlated with nitrogen application but significantly increased by MNBI due to the increased root growth and activity. Furthermore, the activity of key enzymes involved in nitrogen metabolism, nitrate reductase and glutamine synthetase, significantly increased under MNBI at a nitrogen level of 225 kg ha−1. In conclusion, with the elevation of nitrogen application, MNBI improved rice yields and nitrogen accumulation and utilization, indicating that nitrogen and MNBI synergistically enhanced rice yields. Thus, the results provide the basis for efficient and high‐yielding super rice cultivation.","PeriodicalId":92799,"journal":{"name":"Irrigation and drainage (International Commission on Irrigation and Drainage)","volume":"40 4","pages":"138 - 147"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50997326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Greenhouse gas emission of sugarcane irrigated with treated domestic sewage by subsurface drip in Southeast Brazil 1 巴西东南部生活污水潜流灌溉甘蔗的温室气体排放1

Irrigation and drainage (International Commission on Irrigation and Drainage) Pub Date : 2022-08-10 DOI: 10.1002/ird.2748

E. A. Barbosa, I. Gonçalves, Leonardo Nazário Silva dos Santos, A. A. Nazário, D. R. Feitosa, J. B. do Carmo, E. E. Matsura

{"title":"Greenhouse gas emission of sugarcane irrigated with treated domestic sewage by subsurface drip in Southeast Brazil 1","authors":"E. A. Barbosa, I. Gonçalves, Leonardo Nazário Silva dos Santos, A. A. Nazário, D. R. Feitosa, J. B. do Carmo, E. E. Matsura","doi":"10.1002/ird.2748","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ird.2748","url":null,"abstract":"Reducing greenhouse gas emissions, reclaiming water for irrigation, and obtaining high agricultural yields are among the main agricultural challenges; therefore, this study aimed to analyse greenhouse gas emissions, including carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, and methane emissions, in sugarcane irrigated with treated domestic sewage and with surface water, both with and without nutritional supplementation via fertigation, and in a nonirrigated control. Regarding the nonirrigated control with topdressing fertilization, nitrogen fertilization carried out by sewage or mineral sources decreased N‐N2O emissions by nearly 38% and 66%, respectively. C‐CH4 influx was found in all treatments with a nonsignificant contribution to the total emissions, representing average values between treatments near −54.56 g C‐CH4 ha−1. The crop irrigated with treated domestic sewage plus N minerals shows significantly the highest C‐CO2 equivalent emissions (15.12 Mg CO2eq ha−1), and the treatment irrigated with sewage without N minerals showed the highest relation between the yield of theoretical recoverable sugar and C‐CO2 equivalent emissions (2.63 Mg recoverable sugar Mg−1 CO2eq ha−1). The treatments using sewage or with surface water irrigation, both fertigated, increased the stalk biomass and sugar yield, with a higher yield of theoretical recoverable sugar.","PeriodicalId":92799,"journal":{"name":"Irrigation and drainage (International Commission on Irrigation and Drainage)","volume":"72 1","pages":"1053 - 1065"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45837307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Local experiences in Irrigation Management Transfer (IMT): The Case of West Kano Scheme in Kenya 灌溉管理转移(IMT)的地方经验:以肯尼亚西卡诺计划为例

Irrigation and drainage (International Commission on Irrigation and Drainage) Pub Date : 2016-05-03 DOI: 10.1002/IRD.1995/FULL

O. A. K’Akumu, W. Olima, Romanus Opiyo

引用次数: 1

DEEP DRAINAGE ESTIMATES FOR IRRIGATED CROP ROTATIONS IN SUBHUMID, SUBTROPICAL AUSTRALIA 在半湿润，亚热带澳大利亚灌溉作物轮作的深排水估计

Irrigation and drainage (International Commission on Irrigation and Drainage) Pub Date : 2014-12-01 DOI: 10.1002/ird.1872

S. Kodur, J. B. Robinson, J. L. Foley, D. Silburn

{"title":"DEEP DRAINAGE ESTIMATES FOR IRRIGATED CROP ROTATIONS IN SUBHUMID, SUBTROPICAL AUSTRALIA","authors":"S. Kodur, J. B. Robinson, J. L. Foley, D. Silburn","doi":"10.1002/ird.1872","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ird.1872","url":null,"abstract":"Deep drainage rates were modelled for irrigated crop rotations in terms of typical cropping sequences that differ in crop characteristics and irrigation demand. A forage–grain–pasture sequence (sorghum, wheat and lucerne) with supplementary irrigation had an average deep drainage of 11 mm yr−1, transpiration of 703 mm yr−1 and irrigation demand of 326 mm yr−1. In contrast, a vegetable sequence (broccoli, lettuce, bean and sweetcorn) with adequate irrigation had a deep drainage of 121 mm yr−1, transpiration of 602 mm yr−1 and irrigation demand of 598 mm yr−1. Under similar growing conditions, deep drainage decreased as rooting depth and cropping duration increased, and as irrigation and rainfall decreased. Deep‐rooted, stress‐ tolerant crops such as lucerne and sorghum maximised water use and minimised the deep drainage risks through the use of moisture from preceding well‐irrigated vegetable crops and extraction of moisture from deeper soil layers. The study suggests that deep drainage risks under vegetable rotations can be minimised through the selective incorporation of these crops and improved irrigation timing and application rates. These understandings will help to develop water use efficient and economic management strategies under crop rotations. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.","PeriodicalId":92799,"journal":{"name":"Irrigation and drainage (International Commission on Irrigation and Drainage)","volume":"12 4","pages":"692 - 697"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/ird.1872","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50979595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

DROUGHT CHARACTERIZATION AND MANAGEMENT IN THE EAST DISTRICT OF SIKKIM, INDIA 印度锡金东部地区的干旱特征和管理

Irrigation and drainage (International Commission on Irrigation and Drainage) Pub Date : 2014-12-01 DOI: 10.1002/ird.1875

B. C. Kusre, Jonathan Lalringliana

{"title":"DROUGHT CHARACTERIZATION AND MANAGEMENT IN THE EAST DISTRICT OF SIKKIM, INDIA","authors":"B. C. Kusre, Jonathan Lalringliana","doi":"10.1002/ird.1875","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ird.1875","url":null,"abstract":"Drought is a naturally occurring phenomenon affecting various aspects of life. Lack of understanding of the phenomenon is one of the reasons for its adverse impact. It is therefore of great importance to assess and characterize drought to plan appropriate management measures. In this study we attempted to characterize the droughts in the East District of Sikkim during the winter. Winter droughts (Oct–Mar) are a major cause of concern in Sikkim, responsible for reduction of productivity in high‐value horticultural crops, incidence of pests and diseases, forest fires and non‐availability of water for domestic purposes. For the characterization of drought the reconnaissance drought index (RDI) was applied using the data available for the period 1985–2012. From the analysis it could be seen that drought is experienced for 66.7 and 59.3% of time in the periods Oct–Dec and Jan–Mar. The droughts in the district followed the Wakeby frequency distribution function. The probability and return period were also estimated and it could be observed that every three years the district experiences drought. Specific management measures are necessary to minimize the adverse impact of drought. Some of the measures applicable to Sikkim are also discussed in the paper. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.","PeriodicalId":92799,"journal":{"name":"Irrigation and drainage (International Commission on Irrigation and Drainage)","volume":"17 5","pages":"698 - 708"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/ird.1875","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50980064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 12

IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE AS A TOOL FOR CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION: OUTCOMES OF 22ND ICID CONGRESS 灌溉和排水作为适应气候变化的工具:第22届大会成果

Irrigation and drainage (International Commission on Irrigation and Drainage) Pub Date : 2014-12-01 DOI: 10.1002/ird.1904

Er. Avinash C. Tyagi

引用次数: 0

HEAVY METAL CONCENTRATION IN POTATO AND IN THE SOIL VIA DRAINAGE WATER IRRIGATED WITH WASTEWATER 用废水灌溉的排水对马铃薯和土壤中重金属浓度的影响

Irrigation and drainage (International Commission on Irrigation and Drainage) Pub Date : 2014-12-01 DOI: 10.1002/ird.1859

N. Parsafar, S. Marofi

{"title":"HEAVY METAL CONCENTRATION IN POTATO AND IN THE SOIL VIA DRAINAGE WATER IRRIGATED WITH WASTEWATER","authors":"N. Parsafar, S. Marofi","doi":"10.1002/ird.1859","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ird.1859","url":null,"abstract":"This study is an experiment designed with five watering regimes as follows: raw wastewater (T1), treated wastewater (T2), a combination of 50% raw wastewater and 50% fresh water (T3), a combination of 50% treated wastewater and 50% fresh water (T4), and fresh water (T5). The results show that the average Mn, Fe, Cu and Zn values in the drained water were less than the input water. The effect of watering on heavy metal concentration of the drainage water was statistically significant. Temporal analysis showed increasing trends for the heavy metals from T1 to T5. In the case of T1, after the third irrigation programme, Zn, Mn and Fe concentrations were reduced. Based on Pearson's correlation coefficients, Mn, Fe, Cu and Zn in drainage waters had significant positive correlation with each other. Also, the treatments had significant effects on heavy metal concentrations in potato shoots and tubers (except Zn in tubers). Based on heavy metal accumulation in drainage waters, potato shoots and tubers, the treated watering order was T1 > T3 > T2 > T4 > T5 (except Fe in shoots). The heavy metal concentration in tubers was less than in shoots. Cu and Zn accumulation in potato was within standard limits. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.","PeriodicalId":92799,"journal":{"name":"Irrigation and drainage (International Commission on Irrigation and Drainage)","volume":"116 2","pages":"682 - 691"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/ird.1859","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50978747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

EUROPEAN TRADITIONAL IRRIGATION IN TRANSITION PART II: TRADITIONAL IRRIGATION IN OUR TIME—DECLINE, REDISCOVERY AND RESTORATION PERSPECTIVES 转型中的欧洲传统灌溉第二部分:当代传统灌溉的衰落、重新发现和恢复视角

Irrigation and drainage (International Commission on Irrigation and Drainage) Pub Date : 2014-07-01 DOI: 10.1002/ird.1825

C. Leibundgut, I. Kohn

{"title":"EUROPEAN TRADITIONAL IRRIGATION IN TRANSITION PART II: TRADITIONAL IRRIGATION IN OUR TIME—DECLINE, REDISCOVERY AND RESTORATION PERSPECTIVES","authors":"C. Leibundgut, I. Kohn","doi":"10.1002/ird.1825","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ird.1825","url":null,"abstract":"The first part of this review demonstrates that before the twentieth century, traditional irrigation schemes were widespread and a characteristic feature of European landscapes. Rapid decline in traditional irrigation practice ensued following the arrival of agricultural industrialization. Today working traditional irrigation systems are rare exceptions, yet relic features can still frequently be found in the field. Consequently, the tradition of irrigation is diminishing and comprehensive documentation and reconstruction are urgent issues. Moreover, full recognition of irrigation tradition as a rural patrimony of high complexity is needed. Irreversible demise of irrigation operation entails the loss of genuine traditional irrigation landscapes as they were a characteristic part of many regions once. Indeed, interest in traditional irrigation has reawakened recently. Beneficial functions and services of traditional irrigation have been recognized apart from purely agricultural profitability. Increasingly initiatives for revitalization of irrigation emerge, often from nature, biodiversity and landscape conservation circles. Due to conflicts and competing management demands local restoration projects face many challenges. Yet a great potential for creating win–win outcomes by adequate multifunctional landscape management is demonstrated by the existing projects, where the restoration of an extensive heritage landscape could be realized. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.","PeriodicalId":92799,"journal":{"name":"Irrigation and drainage (International Commission on Irrigation and Drainage)","volume":"19 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/ird.1825","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50976859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 16

FAILURE AND SUCCESS FACTORS OF IRRIGATION SYSTEM DEVELOPMENTS: A CASE STUDY FROM THE OUÉMÉ AND ZOU VALLEYS IN BENIN 灌溉系统发展的成败因素:以贝宁ouÉmÉ和邹河流域为例

Irrigation and drainage (International Commission on Irrigation and Drainage) Pub Date : 2014-07-01 DOI: 10.1002/ird.1794

J. F. Djagba, J. Rodenburg, S. Zwart, C. J. Houndagba, P. Kiepe

{"title":"FAILURE AND SUCCESS FACTORS OF IRRIGATION SYSTEM DEVELOPMENTS: A CASE STUDY FROM THE OUÉMÉ AND ZOU VALLEYS IN BENIN","authors":"J. F. Djagba, J. Rodenburg, S. Zwart, C. J. Houndagba, P. Kiepe","doi":"10.1002/ird.1794","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ird.1794","url":null,"abstract":"In the period 1960–1980, Chinese and Taiwanese cooperations developed irrigated rice schemes throughout West Africa with variable success. In Benin for instance, schemes in Zonmon and Bamè (Ouémé Valley) were abandoned upon withdrawal of the project developers and have been sub‐optimally used ever since, while the neighbouring scheme of Koussin‐Lélé (Zou Valley) is still functional (double rice cropping) and well operated and maintained by the farmers. The factors for success and failure were investigated by comparing the two abandoned schemes with the successful one, using field observations and stakeholder surveys. We observed that (i) operation and maintenance costs associated with irrigation were presumably lower in the successful scheme––where irrigation was driven by gravity––compared to the failed ones––where part of the schemes were designed for motor‐pump driven irrigation. Moreover, contrary to the situation in the unsuccessful schemes, farmers in the successful scheme of Koussin‐Lélé benefit from (ii) external technical support, (iii) a favourable land tenure policy, entailing seasonal redistribution of plots favouring active and motivated producers, (iv) reliable access to credit, and (v) an effective farmer organization. These observations underscore the importance of addressing the longer‐term technical and financial needs of the beneficiaries for the successful development of irrigation schemes advancing smallholder farmers in sub‐Saharan Africa. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.","PeriodicalId":92799,"journal":{"name":"Irrigation and drainage (International Commission on Irrigation and Drainage)","volume":"2 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/ird.1794","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50974052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 38

COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF IMPLEMENTING PARTICIPATORY IRRIGATION MANAGEMENT IN PUNJAB, PAKISTAN 巴基斯坦旁遮普省实施参与式灌溉管理的比较评价

Irrigation and drainage (International Commission on Irrigation and Drainage) Pub Date : 2014-07-01 DOI: 10.1002/ird.1809

A. R. Ghumman, S. Ahmad, H. N. Hashmi, R. Khan

{"title":"COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF IMPLEMENTING PARTICIPATORY IRRIGATION MANAGEMENT IN PUNJAB, PAKISTAN","authors":"A. R. Ghumman, S. Ahmad, H. N. Hashmi, R. Khan","doi":"10.1002/ird.1809","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ird.1809","url":null,"abstract":"Participatory irrigation management is gradually being introduced in the canal irrigation system in Pakistan. In this study, performance of a participatory irrigation management system is compared with that of a conventional centrally controlled irrigation system. The study is carried out for canal irrigation systems of Lower Chenab and Jhelum, both located in Punjab, Pakistan. The performance indicators used included: establishment cost, operation and maintenance cost, water fees (abiana) collected and equity of water distribution. The data for performance assessment were collected from various sources, including field measurements, interviews with farmers, interviews with officers of the irrigation department, previous studies, and data from the Punjab Irrigation Department and the Punjab Irrigation and Drainage Authority. The analysis indicates that establishment costs of both public–private partnership management and a centrally controlled irrigation system are more than operational and maintenance costs. The water supply in the main canal is satisfactory in both systems. Water fees (abiana) collected are declining in the case of the participatory management system. Structural change in the participatory management system and extensive work on capacity building are required in order to obtain the benefits of transferring management to farmers' organizations in Pakistan. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.","PeriodicalId":92799,"journal":{"name":"Irrigation and drainage (International Commission on Irrigation and Drainage)","volume":"511 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/ird.1809","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50975005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 22