International journal of diabetes and clinical research最新文献

{"title":"Utilization of Continuous Glucose Monitors in a Group Medical Visit Setting","authors":"Kirk Julienne K","doi":"10.23937/2377-3634/1410164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23937/2377-3634/1410164","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: The aim of this study is to assess the utilization of CGMs in a GMV setting to improve patient activation and engagement, quality of life, and metabolic outcomes including glycemic control through modified lifestyle behaviors in patients with Type 2 diabetes. Background: Group medical visits (GMV) are an evidence-based care model shown to improve outcomes in diabetes. Monitoring tools that readily demonstrate cause-and-effect relationships between recommended lifestyle interventions and optimal glycemic control in the short and long term can be utilized to improve diabetes outcomes. Continuous glucose monitoring systems (CGMs) are wearable devices that continuously measure interstitial glucose and provide valuable feedback on glycemic changes in response to diet and exercise. With this data, patients are given nearly immediate feedback, empowering them to make dynamic behavioral changes. Methods: We implemented GMV for 16 adults from an academic community-based primary care clinic. Two separate cohorts consisting of 8 participants each, met for a total of 14 weeks with sessions every 2 weeks. Baseline HbA1c and lipid panels were collected within 3 months of the first GMV and at the end of the 14 weeks. Validated questionnaires (PAM-13 and SF-12) were collected at the initial and final GMV. Paired t-tests for these differences between the two times were also calculated. Significance was set at p < 0.05. Findings: At the end of the 14 weeks, participants had a significant reduction in HbA1c (0.4%; p < 0.05), weight (6.4 lbs; p < 0.05), and average glucose (calculated by CGM, 21.1 mg/dl; p < 0.05). 38.5% of participants decreased their HbA1c to the prediabetes range. There was no significant difference for lipids, PAM-13, or SF-12 or blood pressure. Participants reported subjectively that the CGM was helpful to see the relationship of foods and their glycemia.","PeriodicalId":92797,"journal":{"name":"International journal of diabetes and clinical research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48890431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diabetes and Driving - Significant Deficits in Knowledge and Practice","authors":"Khan In, Capatana F, Premawardhana Ld, Adlan Ma","doi":"10.23937/2377-3634/1410163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23937/2377-3634/1410163","url":null,"abstract":"Motor vehicle drivers who are diabetic and health care professionals who care for them, lack awareness of regulations pertaining to safe driving. We aim to assess their knowledge, practice, and adherence to recommendations in this study of diabetics who drive while taking hypoglycaemic agents. Methods: We recruited 185 subjects from our secondary care diabetes clinic, and obtained details about demographic characteristics, medications, blood glucose monitoring, hypoglycaemia and knowledge of current regulations. Results: The majority were males (72.5%) and their median age was 60 years. 92.4% of subjects were on hypoglycaemic agents (109 on insulin and 62 on sulphonylureas alone or in combination). Of the subjects on hypoglycaemic agents - (a) 87% regularly monitored blood glucose - 60% of them did so twice/day or more; (b) 66.5% had been advised by health care professionals about driving regulations (77% of those on insulin); (c) 79% thought their knowledge was adequate about regulations and 21% requested more information (d) 55.4% reported hypoglycaemic awareness and (e) only 55.2% checked blood glucose before driving. Discussion: This study confirms deficits in knowledge and practice amongst both patients and healthcare professionals about diabetes and driving. Educating these groups appropriately should become a priority locally and nationally.","PeriodicalId":92797,"journal":{"name":"International journal of diabetes and clinical research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47051080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Personalized Evidence, and Young Adults' Attitude and Behaviour Towards Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Preventive Lifestyle Measures","authors":"Ekore Rabi Ilemona, Ekore John Oselenbalu, Ramadan M. Hany","doi":"10.23937/2377-3634/1410162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23937/2377-3634/1410162","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Behaviour change programmes have demonstrated diabetes risk-reduction benefits. Studies on diabetes preventive lifestyle activities largely focus on middle-aged/older adults. We investigated non-diabetic young adults’ risk of developing Type 2 diabetes mellitus, and their attitudes and behaviours towards preventive lifestyle activities. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study on non-diabetic, young adults living in Middle Eastern countries. Data was collected and analyzed electronically. Results: Mean diabetes risk score was ̄x = 2.8 (SD ± 1.3), and 92.6% demonstrated a low risk of developing diabetes. About 88.1% agreed on the importance of maintaining a healthy lifestyle at a young age, and 92.9% thought a healthy lifestyle would help them to stay healthy. Weekly 38.0% and another 38.0% ate fruits and vegetables respectively on 2 to 3 days only. Additionally, 85.0% indicated that their work did not involve vigorous-intensity activity, 54.9% walked or used a bicycle for at least 10 minutes, and 74.2% did not do vigorous-intensity sports/fitness/recreational activities for at least 10 minutes continuously. There was a weak and negative correlation between age and diabetes risk score (r = -0.1), and BMI was positively correlated with diabetes risk score (r = 0.63). Discussion: The participants mostly demonstrated a low risk of developing Type 2 diabetes, were overweight on average, and did not meet the recommended lifestyle practices. The reported positive attitude towards preventive lifestyle measures did not correspond to their collective reported lifestyle behaviours/practices. Conclusion: Healthcare professionals need to focus on the practical (behavioural) aspects of healthy lifestyle modification educational activities for young adult patients.","PeriodicalId":92797,"journal":{"name":"International journal of diabetes and clinical research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44558113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diabetic Complications and Associated Factors among Diabetic Patients in Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia","authors":"Gedamu Melak, Mulusew Camilla, Senbeta Mamo Feyissa","doi":"10.23937/2377-3634/1410160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23937/2377-3634/1410160","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Diabetes mellitus is a rapidly increasing chronic disease associated with complications resulting in long-term damage and failure of various organ systems. In Ethiopia, there is a dearth of evidence on the prevalence of Diabetic complications. Objective: To assess the prevalence of diabetic complications and associated factors among diabetic patients on follow-up at the diabetic center of","PeriodicalId":92797,"journal":{"name":"International journal of diabetes and clinical research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47540106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What Impact Does Glycemic Control Have on the Final Outcome of Diabetic Patients with Severe COVID-19?","authors":"Salmane Fadila, Charif Faïza, Mahdi Zaynab, Rahouti Rayhana, Lahbib Hafça, Boucht Aouatif, Smouni Meryem, Bernichi Ouassima, Hannana Mohamed, Ftouh Wiam, Sbai Hicham, Labib Ismail, Moutiaa Youssef, Najdi Adil, Benkacem Mariam","doi":"10.23937/2377-3634/1410158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23937/2377-3634/1410158","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Diabetes represents one of the most frequently reported comorbidities in patients with COVID-19 disease; and is a risk factor for disease progression, and death. Aim: Assessing the impact of glycemic control on the progression of Covid-19 disease. Materials and methods: This is a mixed cohort study, from November 2020 to November 2021, with 369 diabetic patients hospitalized for covid-19, at the Duc De Tovar hospital in Tangier. With a follow-up at D7, D14, D21, D28, and the thirtieth day after hospital discharge. Results: We objectified a male predominance (61.5%), the average age being 60-years-old (+/-11.25; (18-85)). 126 diabetic patients were admitted to the reanimation unit (34.1%), and 243 to the intensive care unit (65.9%).190 patients had satisfactory glycemic control (51.5%), and glycemic targets were not reached in 179 patients (48.5%). Unfavorable progression was defined by in-hospital mortality, which was our primary judgment criterion. Thus, 162 patients died in the 2 admission units (43.9%), including 67 patients in the intensive care unit (41%) and 95 patients in the reanimation unit (59%). The unfavorable progression of the Covid-19 disease was not significantly related to the glycemic control during hospitalization, but significantly related to the respiratory distress syndrome (p = 0.030), to the transfer to reanimation unit (p = 0.004), to the invasive ventilation (p = 0.026), after multivariate analysis. Conclusion: According to the results of our study, glycemic control plays a modifying role on the effect of other factors aggravating the progression of Covid-19.","PeriodicalId":92797,"journal":{"name":"International journal of diabetes and clinical research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42228572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intelligent Prophylaxis of Diabetic Foot Ulcer","authors":"Grünerbel Arthur, Grünerbel Lorenz","doi":"10.23937/2377-3634/1410159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23937/2377-3634/1410159","url":null,"abstract":"A high skin surface pressure at the feet over a longer period of time can cause foot ulcers. It can occur due to insufficient relief of tissue and a lack of alarm signals from the nervous system, especially for patients with Diabetic Polyneuropathia. A healthy person would move and relieve the foot after a while. A medical wearable can warn a patient without natural alarm signals. However, the required wound indicators are not known, yet. This work presents a medical wearable that is able to measure pressure load at wound risk areas as well as the skin temperature and the blood oxygen saturation nearby. Combined with the data analysis by artificial intelligence we want to identify the relevant wound predictors. Therefore, we conduct a clinical study with patients at risk for diabetic foot ulcers","PeriodicalId":92797,"journal":{"name":"International journal of diabetes and clinical research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41577341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changing the Face of Diabetes","authors":"Schwartz Stanley S","doi":"10.23937/2377-3634/1410157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23937/2377-3634/1410157","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":92797,"journal":{"name":"International journal of diabetes and clinical research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45681348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Skin Barrier Changes in T1DM and T2DM","authors":"Priyanka Prabhakar Poonja","doi":"10.23937/2377-3634/1410156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23937/2377-3634/1410156","url":null,"abstract":"Cutaneous manifestations of diabetes mellitus (DM) are a group of skin disorders that characteristically arise from prolonged chronic hyperglycemia and impaired insulin signaling or insulin resistance. There are several skin diabetic pathologies associated with the two main types of diabetes-type 1 (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes (T2DM), which tend to negatively impact the patients quality of life. The literature reveals variations in the skin barrier changes between the two DM types, and this may probably be a crucial factor for certain skin manifestations to be more common in one DM type over the other. However, despite this, the underlying pathophysiology affecting the skin in DM and the associated skin barrier changes between the two DM types is less understood and inadequately explored. The pathological mechanisms of several cutaneous manifestations in DM are still unclear, suggesting a complex interplay of various etiological factors that necessitate further exploration. The correction of raised blood glucose alone does not resolve the cutaneous manifestations in DM, hence involvement of a dermatologist at an early stage while managing DM patients can prove beneficial","PeriodicalId":92797,"journal":{"name":"International journal of diabetes and clinical research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48447644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between Smoking and the Switching to Insulin Therapy in Type 2 Diabetes Patients","authors":"Saglam Zuhal Aydan, Saler Tayyibe, K. Şennur","doi":"10.23937/2377-3634/1410154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23937/2377-3634/1410154","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Since no studies have been published on how active smoking affects switching to insulin therapy, we aimed to investigate the role of smoking on switching to insulin therapy in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Methods: A total of 532 type 2 diabetes mellitus patients, who started insulin treatment due to the inability to achieve glycemic control with maximum oral anti-diabetic treatment, were included in the study. The patients were divided into three groups according to their smoking status at the beginning of insulin therapy: smokers (n = 114), ex-smokers (n = 178), and non-smokers (n = 240). Demographic and metabolic data, treatment regimens, and insulin start times were evaluated. Results: The mean age of the patients was lowest in smokers and highest in non-smokers (p = 0.021). Non-smokers' duration of diabetes (p = 0.002) and years for switching to insulin treatment after diagnosis (p < 0.000) were statistically higher than smokers. Among smokers and ex-smokers, the time to start insulin therapy was earlier in smokers. HbA1c values of non-smokers were statistically similar to the other two groups. After controlling for age, duration of diabetes, and gender, smoking status was found to have an effect on the mean time to switching to insulin therapy. Conclusions: Diabetes onset age and switching to insulin therapy is shorter in smokers than in non-smokers. These results reveal that glycemic control is impaired with smoking and patients have to switch to insulin treatment in a shorter time. Smoking cessation programs should also be offered to the diabetic population.","PeriodicalId":92797,"journal":{"name":"International journal of diabetes and clinical research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42702688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidermal Growth Factor Outperforms Placebo in the Treatment of Diabetic Foot Ulcer: A Meta-Analysis","authors":"F. Rahim, Xie Yan, Jawad Shah, Nida Bibi, Z. U. Khan, S. Nawaz, Y. Ming","doi":"10.23937/2377-3634/1410153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23937/2377-3634/1410153","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are a life-threatening ailment caused by diabetes. Several growth factors, as well as their various combinations, have shown promising effect in aiding diabetic foot ulcer healing. However, contradictory or paradoxical results are often available, and debates about this issue are ongoing. Therefore, a comprehensive meta-analysis was performed to compare the efficacy and safety of epidermal growth factor (EGF) and placebo in healing diabetic foot ulcers. Methods: The database search included relevant English literature from Cochrane Library, PubMed, Google Scholar, Elsevier, and EMBASE that was published between 2009 and 2021. Inclusion criteria included type 1 and 2 diabetic patients with foot wounds focusing on complete healing rate. Exclusion criteria included combined therapy, non-human studies, reviews, and protocols. To assess the quality of each study, biases regarding random sequence generation, allocation concealment, participant and personnel blinding, outcome assessment blinding and incomplete outcome data were thoroughly identified. Results: Eight randomized control trials comprising 620 patients (337 in EGF group, 283 in placebo group), were included in this meta-analysis. EGF achieved a significantly higher complete healing rate than placebo after four weeks of treatment, with relative risk (RR): 3.04 (0.50, 18.44) and heterogeneity (Chi2 = 6.46, df = 2 (P = 0.04) I2 = 69 %). Notably, the healing frequency in the placebo group was 17%, whereas the healing frequency in the epidermal growth factor group was 34%. Likewise, after eight weeks of treatment, the relative risk and heterogeneity were RR: 2.59 (1.42, 4.72) and (Chi2 =7.92, df= 4 (p= 0.09): I2= 49%), respectively. Moreover, the risk ratio at 12 weeks was RR: 1.01 (0.42, 2.46), and heterogeneity was (Chi2 =8.55, df= 2 (p= 0.01): I2= 77%). Conclusions: Our findings indicate that EGF significantly promotes wound healing, and could be recommended as an effective and safe treatment for DFUs.","PeriodicalId":92797,"journal":{"name":"International journal of diabetes and clinical research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45816885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}