Biotechnology and applied biochemistry最新文献

{"title":"Metolazone and Azosemide, Clinically Utilized Diuretics, Exhibit Inhibitory Activity for Glyoxalase I.","authors":"Masahiro Watanabe, Takao Toyomura, Hidenori Wake, Takashi Nishinaka, Omer Faruk Hatipoglu, Hideo Takahashi, Masahiro Nishibori, Shuji Mori","doi":"10.1002/bab.2760","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bab.2760","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Methylglyoxal (MGO), a byproduct produced in the process of glycolysis, has cytotoxicity and forms advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs), which cause cell failure in several tissues. Because MGO is mainly removed by the action of glyoxalase I (GLO1), the activity of this enzyme contributes to the accumulation of MGO. We recently found that quinetazone, a diuretic pharmaceutical agent, has the potential to inhibit GLO1 activity. Therefore, we explored whether diuretics that have a similar structure to quinetazone inhibit GLO1. The inhibitory characteristics of diuretics with recombinant GLO1 were spectrophotometrically determined. Cell proliferation and accumulation of MGO-derived AGEs were evaluated by MTT assay and Western blotting. Among the thiazide, thiazide-like, and loop diuretics, metolazone and azosemide were found to inhibit GLO1 activity by 97% at 100 µM. Furthermore, we examined whether the substructures of these diuretics have inhibitory activity, quinazolinone or phenyltetrazole were determined to be the minimal structures of metolazone or azosemide required for inhibition of GLO1, respectively. In proximal renal tubule-like HK-2 and vascular endothelial cell-like EA.hy926 cells, these diuretics were shown to inhibit cell proliferation and induce accumulation of MGO-derived AGEs. In contrast, the substructures of these diuretics that did not affect GLO1 activity did not cause these changes. Metolazone and azosemide have inhibitory effects against GLO1. Considering that these diuretics are clinically employed as pharmaceutical agents, high or prolonged dosages may contribute to pathogenesis through GLO1 inhibition, followed by MGO and/or AGE accumulation.</p>","PeriodicalId":9274,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology and applied biochemistry","volume":" ","pages":"e2760"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143810488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low RYR2 Level Relates to Poor Prognosis of Patients With Lung Adenocarcinoma by Promoting Tumor Cell Proliferation and Inhibiting Immune Cell Infiltration.","authors":"Tao Wang, Baozhen Wang, Zhongting Lu, Tao Li","doi":"10.1002/bab.2759","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bab.2759","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ryanodine receptor type 2 (RYR2) is a large calcium channel that has been identified as one of the most frequently mutated genes in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Despite its potential significance, the role of RYR2 in LUAD remains poorly understood. In this study, we obtained transcriptomic data (normal n = 59, tumor n = 541) from TCGA portal and RYR2 protein abundance data from cProSite, which includes 86 normal and 91 tumor samples. Additionally, we assembled a cohort of 38 patients with LUAD and collected paired tumor and adjacent non-tumor control samples. To investigate the functional impact of RYR2, we employed 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and flow cytometry analysis to assess cell viability and apoptosis, respectively. While mitochondria function was evaluated via measuring oxygen consumption rate. The relationship between RYR2 expression level and immune cell infiltration was analyzed by immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry analysis. Furthermore, RT-qPCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were used to quantify the expression levels of CCL14 and CXCL12. Our findings demonstrated that both the mRNA and protein levels of RYR2 were significantly downregulated in LUAD samples, and lower RYR2 levels are associated with the poor patient prognosis. Overexpression of RYR2 in A549 and H1299 cells resulted in impaired mitochondrial function, decreased cell viability, and increased apoptosis. Notably, RYR2 levels exhibited a negative correlation with tumor purity, and tumors with lower RYR2 levels showed diminished infiltration of T cells and dendritic cells. Knockdown of RYR2 in LUAD cells inhibited the production of chemokines, particularly CCL14 and CXCL12. In conclusion, our study reveals that RYR2 functions as a tumor suppressor in LUAD by inducing mitochondrial dysfunction and promoting immune cell infiltration.</p>","PeriodicalId":9274,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology and applied biochemistry","volume":" ","pages":"e2759"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143810486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a Codetection System Based on STRs and Biofluid-Specific CpG Markers.","authors":"Zeqin Li, Shiqi Liu, Fang Yuan, Mengfan Yu, Shuaikun Zhi, Xingchun Zhao, Gengqian Zhang","doi":"10.1002/bab.2754","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bab.2754","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The detection of body fluids in biological stains at crime scenes and their association with donors is increasingly important for the validity of evidence in case investigations and prosecutions. While autosomal short tandem repeats (STR) and DNA methylation markers can effectively analyze personal identification and body fluid origin, there is currently no integrated system for simultaneous STR typing (subsource level) and biofluid identification (source level). This study has developed a codetection system based on DNA methylation markers (cytosine-phosphate-guanine [CpG]) and an STR amplification system for simultaneous personal identification and biofluid origin determination using capillary electrophoresis. This system integrates a 7-plex amplification system, comprising 5 biofluid-specific CpG markers (cg05261336 for semen, cg04011671 for peripheral blood, cg09107912 for saliva, cg15988970 for vaginal secretion, and cg18069290 for menstrual blood) and 2 control markers, with a 20-plex STR amplification system. The combined system successfully distinguished five types of body fluids from single sources (peripheral blood, semen, saliva, menstrual blood, and vaginal secretion) and generated DNA methylation profiles in mixed samples of two to four body fluids in varying proportions. The cumulative discrimination power for personal identification was calculated to be 1-3.5120 × 10^-25. Additionally, semen and vaginal secretion with 0.1 ng DNA input or kept at room temperature for 5 months could still be efficiently identified. This study provides a promising method for simultaneously identifying body fluids and their donors in forensic science.</p>","PeriodicalId":9274,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology and applied biochemistry","volume":" ","pages":"e2754"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143802573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rosmanol Suppresses Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Cell Proliferation and Enhances Apoptosis, the Regulation of MAPK/NF-κB Signaling Pathway.","authors":"Weiping Tao, Chaowu Jiang, Periyannan Velu, Cao Lv, Yan Niu","doi":"10.1002/bab.2750","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bab.2750","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma (NPC) is a major public health problem in endemic zones. NPC is correlated with substantial illness and death; thus, superior treatment is desired. Rosmanol (RM) is a phenolic diterpene antioxidant extracted from the medicinal herb Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis). RM has been investigated for its anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor properties by numerous signaling cascades. However, the fundamental anticancer latent mechanism of RM persists as unidentified. Hence, this present research proposes to search for the anti-cancer efficacy of RM on human NPC cells CNE2 using an in vitro approach. To assess the possible molecular mechanisms of proliferation, apoptosis, cell-cycle regulatory proteins, and MAPKs/NF-κB signaling of NPC cells were administered RM (20 and 30 µM) and assayed through MTT, DCFH-DA, Rh-123 staining, AO/EB, PI, Rh-123/DAPI merge form staining, RT-PCR, and Western blot. The result was recognized that RM could reduce NPC cell viability by elevated intracellular ROS, MMP damage, and generate apoptosis. RM inhibits the Cyclin-D1, Bax, TNF-α, and NF-κB, and induces BCl-2 analyzed via RT PCR. RM attenuates the cell cycle mechanism by repressing NPC cell cycle-related proteins: CDK4/CDK6, pRB, cyclin-D1, and MAPKs/NF-κB signaling. These data established that the MAPKs/NF-κB pathway is a potential target for the remedial action of RM. In summary, RM may be an effective conventional chemotherapy drug in preventing the progression of NPC.</p>","PeriodicalId":9274,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology and applied biochemistry","volume":" ","pages":"e2750"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143763042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Valorization of Pomace Waste for the Production of Cellulose by Komagataeibacter diospyri RSA4.","authors":"Rakshanda Singh, Moniya Katyal, Ritu Mahajan, Ranjan Gupta, Neeraj K Aggarwal, Anita Yadav","doi":"10.1002/bab.2757","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bab.2757","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this study, the mixed extract of pomace waste of sweet lime, apple, and pineapple was used as a culture media for the production of cellulose by Komagataeibacter diospyri RSA4. Maximum cellulose yield was found at an inoculum age (48 h), inoculum size (6% v/v), pH (4.0), temperature (30°C), incubation period (15 days), and media:flask volume (1:2.5). Cellulose yield was about 1.78-fold higher in mixed pomace waste extract (PE)-based medium in comparison to Hestrin-Schramm (HS) media. The maximum yield of cellulose was obtained with mixed PE-based medium, supplemented with 30 g/L glucose, 20 g/L peptone, 20 g/L yeast extract, 1.15 g/L citric acid, and 2.5 g/L disodium hydrogen phosphate. Cellulose yield was nearly 6.03-fold higher in supplemented mixed PE (SPE)-based medium than in standard HS medium. Comparative analysis of purified cellulose produced in mixed PE medium, SPE medium, and standard HS media was done by field emission scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric study, and derivative of thermogravimetric analysis, and cellulose was found to be similar in all the three media. This study shows that the mixed PE can be utilized as a potentially sustainable and valorizable media for production of bacterial cellulose. This is the first report, showing valorization of mixed pomace waste for the production of cellulose.</p>","PeriodicalId":9274,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology and applied biochemistry","volume":" ","pages":"e2757"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143763044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isoindole-1,3-Dione Sulfonamides as Potent Inhibitors of Glucosidase, Aldose Reductase, and Tyrosinase: A Molecular Docking and Enzyme Inhibition Study.","authors":"Zozan Aslan, Esra Yılmaz, Nurgül Pulat, Amine Şeker, Ayşe Ertem, Musa Demirhan, Saliha Gündoğdu, Mustafa Arslan, Yeliz Demir","doi":"10.1002/bab.2756","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bab.2756","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diabetes mellitus, especially type 2, is a global health challenge, and effective enzyme inhibitors are essential for its control. Conventional inhibitors have drawbacks such as gastrointestinal side effects and regional availability, examples being acarbose and epalrestat. Moreover, tyrosinase, which controls melanin synthesis which is also a target for reducing hyperpigmentation disorders. In this study, we demonstrate the inhibitory action of novel isoindole-1,3-dione-based sulfonamides against key enzymes associated with diabetes and hyperpigmentation, α-Glucosidase (α-Glu), aldose reductase (ALR2), and tyrosinase. The presynthesized compounds (3, 4a-k) are tested for in vitro inhibition against α-Glu, ALR2, and tyrosinase and compared with reference compounds acarbose, epalrestat, and kojic acid. Kinetic studies showed that both competitive and noncompetitive inhibition modes were observed. Among them, compound 4a displayed the highest ALR2 inhibitory potency (K_i: 0.211 µM) and was superior to epalrestat. In terms of α-Glu, compound 4k was shown to be more potent with a K_i of 0.049 µM, particularly versus acarbose. Compound 4d showed excellent inhibitory activity (K_i: 1.43 µM) in tyrosinase assays, much more potent than kojic acid. Molecular docking studies revealed the details of enzyme-binding interactions, which justify the respective inhibitory mechanisms observed. Structure-activity relationships reflected that compounds with strong hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions led to higher potency. These findings highlight the importance of isoindole-1,3-dione-based sulfonamides as therapeutic agents and will provide valuable leads for developing multifunctional enzyme inhibitors for such diabetic complications and hyperpigmentation.</p>","PeriodicalId":9274,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology and applied biochemistry","volume":" ","pages":"e2756"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143763036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acacetin Prevents Renal Damage Induced by Streptozotocin via Altering the NF-κB/ASC/NLRP3 and AMPK/SIRT1 Pathways in Mice.","authors":"Qingfei Yu, Hongyan Mao, Annamalai Vijayalakshmi, Meilan Zhou","doi":"10.1002/bab.2753","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bab.2753","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the most common cause of end-stage renal disease. Its pathogenesis includes inflammation, an excess of reactive oxygen species, and kidney damage. The present study intended to explore the nephroprotective effects of acacetin (ACN) in streptozotocin-induced diabetic animals. The following are the experimental groups: One millilitre of 0.9% saline was given to Group I (control), Streptozotocin (STZ) (diabetic animals) + 0.9% saline to Group II (DN group) (negative control), DN + ACN (15 mg/kg body weight [bw]) to Group III, and DN + Valsartan (150 mg/kg bw) to Group IV. According to the findings, ACN decreased the levels of glucose, serum creatinine (Scr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), malondialdehyde (MDA), and proinflammatory cytokines while increasing the bw, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in comparison to the DN animals. The histopathological analysis revealed that the animals treated with ACN showed recovery of renal damage in the tissues caused by STZ. In the STZ-induced DN mice, ACN reduced renal damage by upregulating the proteins of 5' adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), p-AMPK, and SIRT1 and downregulating the proteins of TGF-β, COL-1, COL-IV, NF-κB, ASC, NLRP3, and GSDMD, according to western blot analysis. Hence, the current study demonstrated that the regulation of the AMPK/SIRT1 and NF-κB/ASC/NLRP3 inflammasome pathways in DN mice was responsible for the protective effects of ACN. ACN may therefore be a viable treatment option for DN.</p>","PeriodicalId":9274,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology and applied biochemistry","volume":" ","pages":"e2753"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143728718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RETRACTION: Development of an Amperometric Biosensor That Can Determine the Amount of Glucose in the Blood Using the Glucose Oxidase Enzyme: Preparation of Polyaniline–Polypyrrole–Poly(sodium-4-styrenesulfonate) Film","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/bab.2744","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bab.2744","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>Retraction</b>: T. Y. Uzumer, S. Cete, Y. Tekeli, and E. E. Altuner, “Development of an Amperometric Biosensor that can Determine the Amount of Glucose in the Blood Using the Glucose Oxidase Enzyme: Preparation of Polyaniline–Polypyrrole–Poly(sodium-4-styrenesulfonate) Film,” <i>Biotechnology and Applied Biochemistry</i> 71, no. 6 (2024): 1440–1452, https://doi.org/10.1002/bab.2640.</p><p>The above article, published online on August 7, 2024, in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com), has been retracted by agreement between the journal Editor-in-Chief, Kaiming Ye; the International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Wiley Periodicals LLC. The retraction has been agreed upon reevaluation of the article following publication. The experimental methods presented in this article lack sufficient detail to interpret and reproduce the findings. Furthermore, flaws and inconsistencies between the methodology described and the results presented were found. Finally, several citations were found to be irrelevant or only marginally relevant, resulting in the study lacking adequate support from the literature. Accordingly, the article is retracted, as the editors have determined that the identified issues compromise the validity of its conclusions. The authors have been informed of the decision of retraction.</p>","PeriodicalId":9274,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology and applied biochemistry","volume":"72 2","pages":"571"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/bab.2744","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143728793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research Progress Fusion Tags for Recombinant Protein Production.","authors":"Jing-Jia Yuan, Shao-Lei Geng, Tian-Yun Wang","doi":"10.1002/bab.2749","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bab.2749","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recombinant proteins are obtained using genetic engineering techniques and are widely used in various fields. Some recombinant proteins are difficult to express, purify, or are unstable or insoluble due to their structural characteristics. In order to address such issues, additional tags are fused at either the N- or C-terminal end of the protein of interest during the cloning procedure. These tags range from a few residues to full-length proteins or domains not only maintaining the structure of the natural protein but can be used to improve the solubility, stability, yield, or to confer new properties of the target protein. Here, the fusion tags commonly used in recombinant protein production and their functions are reviewed, and novel fusion tags are also summarized.</p>","PeriodicalId":9274,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology and applied biochemistry","volume":" ","pages":"e2749"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143728729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DNA Ligase From Thermococcus radiotolerans: Recombinant Production, Characterization, Up-Scale Fermentation, and In Silico Evaluation.","authors":"Ahmed Osman, Saima Iftikhar, Bibi Nazia Murtaza, Salman Hosawi, Hisham N Tayeb, Thamir M Eid, Hayam A Alwabsi, Muhammad Shahid Nadeem","doi":"10.1002/bab.2747","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bab.2747","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The present study describes molecular cloning, Escherichia coli expression, purification, and characterization of a DNA ligase from Thermococcus radiotolerans (TR). Optimal pH, temperature, media composition, and inducer concentrations for the production of wet cellular mass (WCM) with active enzyme have been validated. Recombinant DNA ligase-TR displayed a 44 kDa protein band on SDS-PAGE, and enzyme activity was measured at 50°C in the presence of 50 mM Tris-Cl buffer adjusted at pH 7 and supplemented with 0.4 mM ATP ± 0.1 mM NAD⁺. The enzyme was able to ligate two restriction products of EcoRI, independent of the presence of NAD⁺. The subject enzyme exhibited better activity than T4 DNA ligase. Maximum WCM was obtained at pH 7.3 and 30°C in modified M9NG medium when induced with 0.4 mM isopropyl β-d-1-thiogalactoside (IPTG). Protein sequence alignment studies have shown that DNA ligase-TR exhibits a novel and specific primary structure that is different from DNA ligases isolated from eukaryotic and other thermophilic species reported in the literature. According to in silico studies, Lys²³⁸ interacts with adenosine monophosphate (AMP) and the residues responsible to engage nicked DNA include Arg⁴¹, <math> <semantics><mrow><mi>Ar</mi> <msup><mi>g</mi> <mn>43</mn></msup> </mrow> <annotation>${mathrm{Ar}}{{mathrm{g}}^{43}}$</annotation></semantics> </math> , <math> <semantics><mrow><mi>Ar</mi> <msup><mi>g</mi> <mn>50</mn></msup> </mrow> <annotation>${mathrm{Ar}}{{mathrm{g}}^{50}}$</annotation></semantics> </math> , <math> <semantics><mrow><mi>Ar</mi> <msup><mi>g</mi> <mn>51</mn></msup> </mrow> <annotation>${mathrm{Ar}}{{mathrm{g}}^{51}}$</annotation></semantics> </math> , <math> <semantics><mrow><mi>Ar</mi> <msup><mi>g</mi> <mn>267</mn></msup> </mrow> <annotation>${mathrm{Ar}}{{mathrm{g}}^{267}}$</annotation></semantics> </math> , <math> <semantics><mrow><mi>Ar</mi> <msup><mi>g</mi> <mn>270</mn></msup> </mrow> <annotation>${mathrm{Ar}}{{mathrm{g}}^{270}}$</annotation></semantics> </math> , and Arg³⁶⁷. About 51% secondary structure consists of α-helices and β-pleated sheets. High-temperature stability, better half-life, and high activity of DNA ligase-TR advocate its suitability in the DNA manipulation procedures.</p>","PeriodicalId":9274,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology and applied biochemistry","volume":" ","pages":"e2747"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143708692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}