Biotechnology and applied biochemistry最新文献

{"title":"Temporal Dynamics of Somatic Mutations in Tumor and Plasma Samples From Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients Pre- and Post-Radioactive Particle Implantation: A Whole-Exome Sequencing Study.","authors":"Hongxin Niu, Jian Wang, Huirong Xu, Liang Hao, Jianqi Li","doi":"10.1002/bab.2792","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bab.2792","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the deadliest cancers worldwide. This study investigates the temporal dynamics of somatic mutations in HCC patients treated with radioactive particle therapy. Using whole-exome sequencing (WES), we track these mutations at different stages: pre-therapy (intra-cancer), post-therapy 1 week, 1 month, and 6 months. We also assess the clinical relevance of somatic mutation dynamics in evaluating treatment response, considering tumor size, AFP levels, and liver function markers. This study involved six HCC patients who received radioactive particle therapy. Tumor and adjacent normal tissues were collected before therapy, whereas plasma samples were taken during follow-up visits at 1 week, 1 month, and 6 months after treatment. We extracted DNA from these samples and analyzed them using WES analysis to identify somatic mutations, such as single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) and insertions/deletions (indels), across different time points. The somatic mutations of HCC changed over time after radioactive particle therapy. Some key mutations became less common after treatment, whereas others remained or even increased. The overall number of mutations also shifted, suggesting that cancer cells might be adapting to the treatment. CTNNB1 mutations showed a clear decline in DNA variant allele frequency (VAF) over time, with mean values decreasing from approximately 0.32 at baseline to 0.13 at intra-paratumoral samples, indicating a potential treatment-responsive pattern. TP53 mutations remained relatively stable, with mean VAFs fluctuating only slightly from ∼0.25 to ∼0.20, suggesting possible therapy resistance. In contrast, MYH15 mutations displayed a modest decline (from ∼0.15 to ∼0.10), with a transient increase at 1 week, which may reflect short-term adaptive dynamics during treatment. This study demonstrates dynamic changes in somatic mutation profiles in HCC patients following radioactive particle therapy. The observed alterations in key mutations and overall mutational burden over time may inform future approaches for early detection, treatment monitoring, and therapeutic optimization.</p>","PeriodicalId":9274,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology and applied biochemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144752427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BCRT-DETR: A Lightweight Blood Cell Detection Transformer Model for Enhanced Medical Diagnostics.","authors":"Xi Chen, Guohui Wang","doi":"10.1002/bab.70030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bab.70030","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the biomedical field, the detection of microscopic images of blood cells is crucial for diagnosing of blood-related diseases. To enhance accuracy and real-time performance, we developed a blood cell real-time detection transformer (BCRT-DETR) to improve detection efficiency. A dynamic alignment integration backbone network (DAIBN) was introduced to address the spatial differences in features from diverse sources during multi-backbone information fusion. Additionally, a multi-scale parallel aggregation splicing (MPAS) module was integrated into the neck component to mitigate missed detections during cell feature extraction. The integration of high- and low-frequency (HiLo) attention with the attention-based intra-scale feature interaction (AIFI) module to form AIFI-HiLo effectively overcame the model's previous limitation of concentrating on regions with cellular density. The introduction of the retentive meet transformer block (RMT_Block) in the neck component further optimized the computational complexity, thereby increasing the detection speed. The experimental results indicated that, compared with the recent transformer-based real-time detection model, RT-DETR, BCRT-DETR achieved significant efficiency improvements with reductions of 33.8%, 51.1%, and 34.1% in parameters, giga floating-point operations per second (GFLOPs), and model size, respectively. Simultaneously, BCRT-DETR improved mAP50 and mAP50:95 by 0.8% and 1.6%, respectively, with mAP50 reaching 96.8%. Furthermore, BCRT-DETR demonstrated exceptional generalization capabilities across the blood cell detection, blood cell count and detection, and complete blood count datasets. Our model provides reliable technical support and offers innovative solutions for automated medical diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":9274,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology and applied biochemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144673932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mutagenesis Breeding and Liquid Surface Culture Strategy for R-2-(4-Hydroxyphenoxy) Propionic Acid-Producing Strains.","authors":"Lixiang Zhao, Shuping Zou, Yaping Xue, Yuguo Zheng","doi":"10.1002/bab.70024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bab.70024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>R-2-(4-hydroxyphenoxy)propionic acid (R-HPPA) is a globally sought-after intermediate for aromatic phenoxy propionic acid herbicides. In this study, a mutant strain of Beauveria bassiana, designated as ZJB23323 (CCTCC NO: M 2023584), was obtained through UV, atmospheric, and room temperature plasma, and N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine mutagenesis, exhibiting 7.24-fold improved production of R-HPPA. The concentrations of glucose, yeast extract, and R-2-phenoxypropionic acid (R-PPA) in the initial medium were optimized for R-HPPA production by using response surface methodology with Box-Behnken design. The maximum R-HPPA yield of 25.8 g/L was obtained at optimal concentrations of 64.7 g/L for glucose, 21.9 g/L for yeast extract, and 31.7 g/L for R-PPA, which increased by 48.7% compared to the original medium. Finally, the scaled-up biosynthesis of R-HPPA was successfully carried out in a 6-L plastic tray bioreactor, and the kinetic model and model parameters of the R-HPPA batch fermentation process were described. The metabolic characterization of strain ZJB23323 for the fermentative production of R-HPPA under three modes of batch culture, constant rate feeding, and exponential feeding was further investigated. The results showed that 100 g/L of R-PPA could be completely converted to R-HPPA within 13 days under the exponential feeding culture strategy.</p>","PeriodicalId":9274,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology and applied biochemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144673946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fortified Food With Withania Somnifera Modulates Glucose Metabolism in STZ-Induced Hyperglycemia in Rats.","authors":"Chethan Kumar Narayanaswamy, Gouthami Kuruvalli, Subhasish Maity, Althaf Hussain Shaik, Hymavathi Reddyvari, Vaddi Damodara Reddy, Guruprasad Nm","doi":"10.1002/bab.70031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bab.70031","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by increased oxidative stress, hyperglycemia, and associated implications that require suitable therapy approaches. One of the most effective approaches is to add fortified foods with multifunctional properties. Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha) root powder can help diabetics maintain stable blood glucose levels and reduce oxidative stress and inflammation. This study investigated the effects of fortified meal supplementation on STZ-induced diabetic rats. 2-month-old male albino Wistar rats were divided into four groups as follows: Group 1 (Controls), Group II (Diabetic), Group III (Fortified Food), and Group IV (Diabetic + FF). Diabetes was induced by IP injection of Streptozotocin (STZ) at 50 mg/kg b.wt. The study found that supplying STZ-induced diabetics with fortified foods significantly improved fasting glucose, body weight, C-peptide levels, HbA1c, and insulin levels, as well as altered lipid profiles. Furthermore, diabetic rats fed with a fortified diet exhibited significant improvement in urea, uric acid, and creatinine levels. In addition, diabetic rats had aberrant plasma sodium, potassium, and calcium levels. Furthermore, liver function tests revealed elevated levels of AST, ALT, ALP, and LDH enzymes; however, diabetic rats fed with a supplemented diet had these enzyme levels reduced to normal. Moreover, we observed increased lipid peroxidation and nitric oxide levels with altered antioxidant status (reduced glutathione, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione S-transferase) in diabetic rats. Supplementation with fortified food decreased oxidative stress. Furthermore, fortified food supplementation to diabetic rats normalized the mRNA expression of PEPCK, G6Pase, IGFBP, GLUT-2, SREBP1c, ABCA1, ABCG1, and fatty acid synthase compared to diabetic rats. Our histopathology examinations confirmed these findings. Our findings revealed that fortified foods can be beneficial in diabetes management, reducing complications and increasing overall health outcomes. Fortified food, which is high in protein, minerals, and phytochemicals, provides an effective way to manage diabetes and promote overall health.</p>","PeriodicalId":9274,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology and applied biochemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144673933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biocontrol Activity of Endophytic Isolates Bacillus safensis and Pseudomonas lactis From Azadirachta indica Against the Pathogen Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria in Tomato Plants.","authors":"Sunita Fernandes, Ayush Bhoj, Pranav Kulkarni, Purva Vaidya, Yogita Ranade, Priyanka Sharma","doi":"10.1002/bab.70023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bab.70023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Biocontrol plays a pivotal role in mitigating biotic stress and promoting plant growth by utilizing beneficial microorganisms that exhibit antagonistic activity against phytopathogens. Xanthomonas campestris is a bacterial pathogen known to cause diseases such as bacterial black leaf spots in various economically important crops. Therefore, in the current study to identify effective biocontrol agents, over 30 endophytic isolates from various tissues of Azadirachta indica were examined for their antagonistic activity against X. campestris pv. vesicatoria. Among these, two potential isolates, Bacillus safensis (strain LE8) and Pseudomonas lactis (strain LE11), based on their inhibitory effects, were subsequently selected for further analysis to contribute to sustainable agricultural practices. The in vitro as well in vivo treatments to tomato leaves with these potential isolates showed both preventive as well as curative effects. The current investigation confirmed a notable reduction in disease symptoms, showcasing their effectiveness as a biocontrol agent. Our findings highlight the beneficial impact of endophytic bacteria as a biocontrol, providing a sustainable alternative to pesticides.</p>","PeriodicalId":9274,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology and applied biochemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144641795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Yeasts as Biofertilizers and Biocontrol Agents: Mechanisms and Applications.","authors":"Olena Dmytruk, Alla Yemets, Kostyantyn Dmytruk","doi":"10.1002/bab.70029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bab.70029","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Yeasts, a large and diverse group of microorganisms, are gaining increasing interest from both the scientific community and industry. Yeasts' natural association with plants has endowed them with a broad repertoire of mechanisms that facilitate a beneficial coexistence. Despite the ability of certain yeast species to enhance plant growth and demonstrate broad-spectrum antifungal activities, their commercialization remains limited. This mini-review focuses on recent insights into the mechanisms by which yeasts stimulate plant growth and protect plants from certain diseases. Yeast species support plant growth by increasing the supply or availability of essential nutrients or by producing phytohormones. The mode of action of yeasts as biological control agents includes competition for nutrients and space, mycoparasitism, formation of biofilms that inhibit pathogen growth, and production of killer toxins, hydrolytic enzymes, and volatile organic compounds. Additionally, yeasts can induce systemic resistance in host plants by enhancing defensive enzyme activity or upregulating pathogenesis-related gene expression. This mini-review explores the current and future applications of yeasts as biofertilizers and biocontrol agents, emphasizing the metabolic engineering of yeast strains and the engineering of plant microbiomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":9274,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology and applied biochemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144607369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RadientFusion-XR: A Hybrid LBP-HOG Model for COVID-19 Detection Using Machine Learning.","authors":"Greeshma K V, J Viji Gripsy","doi":"10.1002/bab.70020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bab.70020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The rapid and accurate detection of COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) from normal and pneumonia chest x-ray images is essential for timely diagnosis and treatment. The overlapping features in radiology images make it challenging for radiologists to distinguish COVID-19 cases. This research study investigates the effectiveness of combining local binary pattern (LBP) and histogram of oriented gradients (HOG) features with machine learning algorithms to differentiate COVID-19 from normal and pneumonia cases using chest x-rays. The proposed hybrid fusion model \"RadientFusion-XR\" utilizes LBP and HOG features with shallow learning algorithms. The proposed hybrid HOG-LBP fusion model, RadientFusion-XR, detects COVID-19 cases from normal and pneumonia classes. This fusion model provides a comprehensive representation, enabling more precise differentiation among the three classes. This methodology presents a promising and efficient tool for early COVID-19 and pneumonia diagnosis in clinical settings, with potential integration into automated diagnostic systems. The findings highlight the potential of this hybrid feature extraction and a shallow learning approach to improve diagnostic accuracy in chest x-ray analysis significantly. The hybrid model using LBP and HOG features with an ensemble model achieved an exceptional accuracy of 99% for binary class (COVID-19, normal) and 97% for multi-class (COVID-19, normal, pneumonia), respectively. These results demonstrate the efficacy of our hybrid approach in enhancing feature representation and achieving superior classification accuracy. The proposed RadientFusion-XR model with hybrid feature extraction and shallow learning approach significantly increases the accuracy of COVID-19 and pneumonia diagnoses from chest x-rays. The interpretable nature of RadientFusion-XR, alongside its effectiveness and explainability, makes it a valuable tool for clinical applications, fostering trust and enabling informed decision-making by healthcare professionals.</p>","PeriodicalId":9274,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology and applied biochemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144607421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Whole Transcriptomic Identification and Characterization of Potential ceRNA Regulatory Networks in Perirenal Adipose Tissue of Type-2-Diabetic Mellitus SD Rats With Diabetic Nephropathy.","authors":"Yang Li, Yan Zhao, Rou Shi, Yan Li, Yunyun Chen, Zhu Zhou, Huifang Li","doi":"10.1002/bab.70005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bab.70005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study induced diabetic nephropathy (DN) in rats, analyzing perirenal adipose tissue (PRAT) via whole transcriptome sequencing to identify key mRNAs in DN pathogenesis. Type-2 diabetes was induced in SD rats, evaluating metabolic and renal indicators. Whole transcriptome sequencing identified differentially expressed RNAs in PRAT. CeRNA networks, PPI networks, and ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) revealed key mRNAs linked to physiological indicators in DN. This study explores correlations between mRNAs and health parameters, shedding light on the complex interplay in type-2-diabetes mellitus (T2DM)-induced nephropathy. SD rats with type-2 diabetes exhibited insulin resistance, elevated blood glucose, disrupted lipid metabolism, and renal dysfunction. PRAT weight was higher in T2DM rats, and immunohistochemistry revealed distinct renal injury. Transcriptome sequencing identified 476 DE-mRNAs, 79 DE-miRNAs, 200 DE-lncRNAs, and 10 DE-circRNAs. The lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA network comprised 159 lncRNAs, 62 miRNAs, and 138 mRNAs, whereas the circRNA-miRNA-mRNA network included 76 mRNAs, 27 miRNAs, and 10 circRNAs. Key mRNAs (Lpl, Elovl6, Dgat2, Acaca, and Acly) were associated with 10 classical pathways according to IPA. Notably, all key mRNAs showed a negative correlation with blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine, proteinuria, LDL-C, triglycerides (TG), and total cholesterol (TC), and a positive correlation with urine creatinine and HDL-C. Our study successfully established a T2DM model in SD rats and identified five key mRNAs, elucidating the role of PRAT in DN. These findings lay a scientific foundation for future investigations into DN.</p>","PeriodicalId":9274,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology and applied biochemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144607368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bio-Designed Carboxymethyl Chitosan/Polyvinyl Alcohol Hydrogel Containing Alpha-Tocopherol as a Three-Dimensional Wound Dressing, In Vitro and In Vivo Study.","authors":"Ghazaleh Naghizadeh Hanjani, Shiva Irani, Fereshteh Sharifi, Seyed Mohammad Atyabi","doi":"10.1002/bab.70010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bab.70010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chitosan-based hydrogels have highly attractive potential for designing wound dressing production. To promote wound healing, it is admirable to develop three-dimensional (3D) multi-biological functional polyvinyl alcohol/carboxymethyl chitosan (PVA/CMC) hydrogel. A 3D biocompatible PVA/CMC hydrogel was prepared using a freeze-drying method under both sterile and unsterile conditions, without the use of a chemical cross-linker. The alpha-tocopherol (αT) and glycerol (Gly) loaded into the hydrogel resulted in stability, porosity, and a controlled release profile coordinated with the degradation rate of the hydrogel. The PVA/CMC + αT/Gly hydrogel displayed facilitates cell attachment and cellular migration in vitro evaluations. The prepared hydrogels notably suppressed Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus activities, correlating with loaded αT concentrations (200 and 400 U). In addition, the PVA/CMC + αT (200 U)/Gly10% and PVA/CMC + αT (400 U)/Gly10% hydrogels examined wound healing in full-thickness excisional wounds in rat models. The in vivo results indicated wound closure (αT-200 U: 78.7% and αT-400 U: 90.9% after 14 days), upregulating the gene expression (CYTOKERATIN, COLLAGEN TYPE Ι, and VEGF), and increasing protein levels (Pan-cytokeratin: 34.98% and VEGF: 41.72%). These findings highlight the porous structure of the PVA/CMC + αT (400 U)/Gly10% hydrogel as a promising novel wound dressing candidate with pro-regenerative properties.</p>","PeriodicalId":9274,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology and applied biochemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144607419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioreactor pH Control System Using Interval Type-2 Fuzzy PID Controller.","authors":"Songyang An, Haotian Xu, Jizheng Zhong, Xiao Li","doi":"10.1002/bab.70027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bab.70027","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In cell culture, maintaining a stable and optimal pH level is critical for ensuring proper cellular growth. This study presents the design of a pH control system specifically tailored for this application, utilizing an algorithm that integrates interval type-2 fuzzy control with traditional PID control strategies. The hardware component of the control system employs an STM32 microcontroller, while the software is developed based on the process characteristics of the controlled system. The PID, type-1 fuzzy PID, and interval type-2 fuzzy PID algorithms are assessed through both simulations and experiments. The results demonstrate that the proposed interval type-2 fuzzy PID control algorithm shows reduced overshoot, enhanced control accuracy, and improved response time. Furthermore, it demonstrates a faster recovery rate when subjected to disturbances, rapidly reaching steady-state conditions and effectively fulfilling the requirements for pH regulation in cell culture.</p>","PeriodicalId":9274,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology and applied biochemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144607420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}