Building and Environment最新文献

{"title":"Thermal comfort differences among patients with different orthopedic diseases: A case study of Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, China","authors":"Meng Zhen ,&nbsp;Jingjing Liu ,&nbsp;Weijie Xia ,&nbsp;Minghui Sun ,&nbsp;Qi Dong ,&nbsp;Yansong Li ,&nbsp;Haijuan Liang","doi":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.113407","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.113407","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As a public building with high human traffic, the thermal environment of hospitals is crucial to the health and comfort of visitors. Existing research has primarily focused on thermal comfort differences between patients and healthy individuals, while studies on the impact of specific diseases on human thermal comfort remain limited. Among orthopedic patients, diseases caused by traumatic, metabolic, neurogenic, and other etiologies exhibit diverse pathological mechanisms. Therefore, this study investigates the influence of disease etiology on patients' thermal comfort by categorizing orthopedic diseases, using Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital in China as a case study. Through questionnaires and field measurements in hospital waiting areas, the results reveal significant variations in the Neutral Standard Effective Temperature (NSET*) among four patient groups: mechanical trauma and strain-related diseases (23.5 °C), degenerative and biomechanical imbalance diseases (24.2 °C), metabolic disorders and vascular insufficiency diseases (25.4 °C), and inflammatory and hyperproliferative diseases (27.9 °C, influenced by immune responses). The thermal acceptability range (SET*) for inflammatory patients was the narrowest (22.6–28.2 °C), indicating heightened sensitivity to temperature fluctuations, while degenerative disease patients exhibited the strongest adaptability, with a SET* range spanning 10.6 °C (21.2–31.8 °C). Preference analysis further showed that inflammatory patients favored warmer environments (27.6 °C), whereas degenerative patients preferred neutral-to-cool conditions (23.5 °C). These findings provide empirical support for optimizing thermal comfort standards in orthopedic waiting areas and inform evidence-based revisions to hospital environmental guidelines.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9273,"journal":{"name":"Building and Environment","volume":"283 ","pages":"Article 113407"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144604922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the mitigating effects of clustered small green spaces on urban canyon heatwaves: A case study of the Tsukiji-Gawa, Tokyo","authors":"Fuhao Sun,&nbsp;Junhua Zhang,&nbsp;Shiro Takeda,&nbsp;Jie Xu,&nbsp;Donglin Li,&nbsp;Siyu Zhang,&nbsp;Daer Su,&nbsp;Jingshu Cui","doi":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.113373","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.113373","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Amid intensifying global warming, urban canyons within high-density built environments face increasingly severe thermal conditions under extreme heatwaves. Although the role of urban greening in mitigating urban heat has been widely discussed, the potential of clustered small greenspaces—particularly within canyon environments—remains insufficiently explored. This study focuses on a typical urban canyon in the Tsukiji-gawa area of Chuo Ward, Tokyo, and investigates the thermal regulatory effects of clustered small greenspaces using ENVI-met simulation techniques. Building on this, two optimization dimensions—internal basic greening layout and tree layout—were quantitatively assessed for their impact on microclimate and thermal comfort. Results indicate that while the overall reduction in air temperature was limited, clustered small greenspaces significantly improved thermal comfort in the most heat-stressed central canyon zones, with cooling effects also extending to adjacent areas. Among the evaluated strategies, centralized greening outperformed peripheral arrangements, and side-concentrated tree placement proved more effective than evenly distributed tree arrays in both cooling magnitude and spatial reach. The two strategies also showed complementary temporal performance—internal basic greening layout was more effective in the late morning, while tree-based strategies were more effective in early morning and afternoon periods. Finally, large-scale tree planting enhanced daytime cooling but hindered nighttime temperature decline, highlighting the importance of balancing thermal regulation between day and night. This study demonstrates the distinct value of clustered small greenspaces as micro-scale climate adaptation interventions, while also identifying the need for further optimization to enhance their applicability under complex urban thermal conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9273,"journal":{"name":"Building and Environment","volume":"283 ","pages":"Article 113373"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144613866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Re-evaluating local ventilation effectiveness guidance for single-zone naturally ventilated spaces","authors":"Murat Mustafa ,&nbsp;Malcolm J. Cook ,&nbsp;Robert S. McLeod ,&nbsp;Richard de Dear","doi":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.113406","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.113406","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ventilation effectiveness describes how effective a ventilation system is at getting “fresh” outdoor air into a space and is strongly associated with indoor air quality and energy efficiency. Whilst natural ventilation is ubiquitous worldwide, its effectiveness is poorly understood. Despite a lack of empirical evidence, current design guidelines claim that natural ventilation systems are only suitable for narrow floor spaces, due to the limited depth which fresh air can penetrate in deeper plan buildings. This study investigates this claim by quantifying the ventilation effectiveness of single-zone spaces employing top-hung and side-hung windows through full-scale physical experiments and validated computational fluid dynamics simulations.</div><div>The experimental results show that, regardless of the ventilation configuration, for prevailing outdoor wind speeds ranging from 4 to 85 km/h (1.1–23.6 m/s), all the tested scenarios, with window-to-wall ratios varying from 3.5–9.7 % can provide homogenous fresh air distribution in the test space. No degradation in the depth of fresh air penetration was observed as the distance from the inlet window increased up to 7 m, equating to around three times the height [h] of the space. The Computational Fluid Dynamics results show that ventilation effectiveness is positively correlated with room depth and remains satisfactory (with no stagnant regions in the space) from 2h–12 h for single sided, and 6h–30 h for cross flow cases. These findings challenge current design guidance and refute one of the main arguments against more widespread usage of natural ventilation in the design of deeper-plan, energy efficient, and healthy buildings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9273,"journal":{"name":"Building and Environment","volume":"283 ","pages":"Article 113406"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144614092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combined space cooling/heating and domestic hot water supply driven by data center waste heat: Complementary energy conservation, economic capacity optimization and generic analysis framework","authors":"Jun Bai ,&nbsp;Xiaohui Wu ,&nbsp;Xiaoyuan Chen ,&nbsp;Zhiying Zhang ,&nbsp;Lin Fu ,&nbsp;Chunxiao Zhao ,&nbsp;Ke Qing ,&nbsp;Qiaoyu Luo ,&nbsp;Shirong Gong ,&nbsp;Boyang Shen","doi":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.113402","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.113402","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Data centers generate substantial waste heat, while residential buildings have daily cooling and heating demands, resulting in significant energy consumption and carbon emissions on both sides. To promote the coordinated development of data centers and nearby buildings towards green and low-carbon goals, this paper proposes a novel waste heat recovery system for space cooling/heating and domestic hot water supply. To balance the overall energy efficiency and economic benefit, an optimal capacity configuration scheme based on the internal rate of return and dynamic payback period is further developed. Applied at a data center case in Chengdu, China, the system supplies energy to nearby buildings with a maximum cooling load of 5 MW and a heating load of 10 MW. The optimization identifies the most cost-effective configuration as a 3.5 MW water source heat pump and a 1.75 MW adsorption chiller. This setup achieves a dynamic payback period of 5.17 years and is expected to generate a total revenue of 2.58M$. Compared to a conventional district heating system, the proposed system shortens the payback period by 36 %, increases the revenue by 2.6 times, and reduces carbon emissions by 10 % for data centers and 84 % for residential buildings, cutting over 2800 tons of CO₂ annually. The proposed system offers a win-win solution both in terms of reducing the power usage effectiveness of data centers and decreasing carbon emissions in buildings. Finally, a generic design and evaluation framework for the technological, economic, and environmental analysis is explored to support broader applications of the proposed waste heat recovery system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9273,"journal":{"name":"Building and Environment","volume":"283 ","pages":"Article 113402"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144652986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic and Circular Life Cycle Sustainability Assessments (DC-LCSAs) for prefabricated buildings: A systematic review and conceptual model","authors":"Megha Sindhu Pradeep ,&nbsp;Behzad Rismanchi ,&nbsp;Tuan Ngo","doi":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.113396","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.113396","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The growing adoption of Prefabricated Buildings (PBs), driven by their substantial sustainability benefits, underscores the need for accurate Life Cycle Sustainability Assessments (LCSAs). These assessments should integrate time-based changes (dynamic considerations) over their life cycle(s) and the degree of circularity of disassembly-focused designs. A systematic review and gap analysis using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) framework on existing life cycle sustainability studies for PBs reveals a striking absence of this synergised approach. In response, a broad range of existing literature is reviewed and organised into a stage-wise conceptual model introduced as “DC-LCSA”. “DC-LCSA” synergises dynamism and circularity within LCSAs for PBs, thereby addressing the identified gap. Each stage of the “DC-LCSA” model is discussed by analysing key literature and methodologies. The potential of “DC-LCSA” for future sustainability benchmarking among PBs is explored, followed by its possible stage-wise improvements. This article serves as a conceptual foundation for construction managers, policymakers, and sustainability analysts to perform complex computational LCSAs for PBs in the future, enabling informed decision-making and risk management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9273,"journal":{"name":"Building and Environment","volume":"284 ","pages":"Article 113396"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144654252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing human thermal comfort in hot arid cities: A systematic review of urban heat island observations and mitigation strategies","authors":"Omer Abedrabboh ,&nbsp;M. Rami Alfarra ,&nbsp;Tareq Al-Ansari ,&nbsp;Christos Fountoukis","doi":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.113398","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.113398","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The urban heat island (UHI) effect significantly impacts cities' thermal environments, especially in hot arid regions (Köppen-Geiger: <em>BWh</em>), where rapid urbanization has intensified heat stress. These areas, characterized by extreme heat and drought, face increased outdoor thermal discomfort and high energy demands for cooling. This study reviews recent observations of the UHI phenomenon, focusing on climate variations across urban forms (local climate zones) and the effectiveness of mitigation strategies in hot arid cities. Key findings include: (1) majority of hot arid cities experience a daytime urban cool island effect, (2) urbanization (land use/land cover changes) led to lower daytime and higher nighttime temperatures, (3) during the day, bare sand and industrial zones (LCZs F, 8, 10) record the highest temperatures, while compact built areas (LCZs 1, 2, 3) are hottest at night, (4) green infrastructure (mostly modelled and simulated using ENVI-met (local/micro-scale) and Weather Research and Forecasting Tool (mesoscale)), particularly tree canopies, is the most implemented and effective heat mitigation strategy, followed by cool materials, and (5) coastal arid cities show moderated UHI intensity. This review highlights the importance of targeted strategies to reduce UHI effects, enhance thermal comfort, and lower buildings’ cooling energy consumption in hot arid cities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9273,"journal":{"name":"Building and Environment","volume":"283 ","pages":"Article 113398"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144653075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A UAV Oblique Photogrammetry-based Carbon Offset Potential Assessment Method for High-Density Communities: A Case Study in Shanghai, China","authors":"Xiangyu Yu ,&nbsp;Jie Bai ,&nbsp;Shunming Gong ,&nbsp;Riyan Li ,&nbsp;Xin Zhou ,&nbsp;Sen Wei ,&nbsp;Ming Cheng ,&nbsp;Ke Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.113401","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.113401","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>High-density residential communities (HDRCs) have become the primary source of carbon emissions from urban residential buildings and have enormous energy conservation and emission reduction potential. As energy consumption continues to rise, offsetting the carbon emissions of HDRCs through carbon offset has become a crucial issue. However, there is a lack of precise and rapid assessment methods for evaluating HDRC carbon offset's current status and potential. Focused on HDRCs in Shanghai, this paper utilizes a UAV oblique photography-based method to rapidly evaluate the carbon offset potential of HDRCs. The evaluation is completed through community oblique photography modeling, local texture extraction, accurate area measurement, and carbon offset potential calculation. This study has drawn the following conclusions: (1) Due to limited spatial resources, the effective carbon offset methods for HDRCs in Shanghai are rooftop photovoltaics (PVs) and ground greening; (2) The UAV oblique photography-based method can quickly assess the potential of carbon offset in HDRCs. (3) The carbon offset generated by PV power generation is much higher than that generated by greening. The former provides 100-300 tCO₂ per hectare, while the latter offers 10-15 tCO₂ per hectare, resulting in a difference of 10-20 times. (4) The carbon offset of HDRCs is significantly influenced by the characteristics of community, especially the building density and roof form. (5) Installing PV panels at the optimal tilt angle does not necessarily maximize the carbon offset potential of rooftop PV systems.. (6) The carbon offset of community greening is related to community greening rate, greening quality, plant species, etc. In contrast, the carbon offset generated by PV power generation is mainly affected by building density and roof form.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9273,"journal":{"name":"Building and Environment","volume":"283 ","pages":"Article 113401"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144604919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wind tunnel study on the spatio-temporal behaviour of pollutant dispersion in 3D street canyons using PIV and DMD","authors":"Bayode E Owolabi,&nbsp;Štěpán Nosek","doi":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.113405","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.113405","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Street canyons are a common feature of urban environments. They are also arguably the most polluted areas due to the high volume of traffic and low fresh air supply for ventilation. Therefore, a detailed understanding of the processes within the street canyon is crucial for ensuring good air quality in urban areas. In this study, we investigate the flow and pollutant dispersion in four model street canyons with different morphologies by performing time-resolved Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) and pollutant concentration measurements in a wind tunnel. The analysed street canyons have different aspect ratios and were surrounded by higher or lower buildings, i.e. street canyons with a higher or lower aspect ratio. First, we present an approach to determine pollutant concentrations from PIV data and show that the method can be reliably used to measure planar turbulent pollutant fluxes. Differences in the concentration and flow fields at different levels were observed, indicating the importance of considering the three-dimensionality of street canyons. It was found that turbulent pollution fluxes play a dominant role in pollutant transport at the roof level when street canyons are surrounded by buildings of the same height. Conversely, advection dominates at roof level when a street canyon is surrounded by buildings of different heights. The quadrant analysis of vertical momentum and pollution fluxes shows high correlations between sweeps and entrainment of clean air, especially for street canyons surrounded by buildings of different heights. We apply the dynamic mode decomposition (DMD) technique, a data-driven algorithm, to extract dynamically relevant coherent structures of the flow and pollutant concentration from the data. The DMD results show that coherent structures near the roof and ground play a crucial role in the ventilation of street canyons.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9273,"journal":{"name":"Building and Environment","volume":"283 ","pages":"Article 113405"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144652985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A user-centered building design approach using immersive virtual reality and discrete choice modeling","authors":"JaeHoon Ma ,&nbsp;Ece Erdogmus ,&nbsp;Eunhwa Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.113400","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.113400","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>User-centered design (UCD) can provide various benefits across a building’s entire lifecycle. However, achieving UCD has been challenging for design practitioners due to the difficulty of accommodating end-users’ heterogeneous preferences in design decisions. To address this challenge, this study proposes a UCD approach that integrates immersive virtual reality and discrete choice modeling into the end-user-engaged design process. The proposed approach generates various space design alternatives through systematic variations of design features and identifies end-users’ preferences through design choice simulations using immersive virtual reality. End-users’ design choices are then analyzed using a standard conditional logit model, which supports design decisions by quantitatively predicting end-users’ preferences. The proposed UCD approach was validated based on its accuracy in predicting end-users’ design preferences under hypothetical design scenarios for a university learning space, with undergraduate and graduate students as the target end-users. In the validation involving 162 space design alternatives and 43 participants, the proposed UCD approach accurately predicted the preferred space design in all 18 prediction cases. In addition, the average error rate in predicting end-users’ design choices was 6.59 percent, which corresponds to an average of 2.83 errors out of 43 design choices per prediction case. Furthermore, various design decision scenarios utilizing the proposed UCD approach, including determining individual design features, comparing relative preferences between space design alternatives, and identifying the optimal design scenario, were demonstrated to illustrate its potential for promoting UCD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9273,"journal":{"name":"Building and Environment","volume":"284 ","pages":"Article 113400"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144738545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gradient-functionalized PET filter with side-emitting polymer optical fibers for triplex synergistic air purification: photocatalytic degradation, particulate filtration, and antimicrobial performance","authors":"Yunhe Li ,&nbsp;Ruiqing Shen ,&nbsp;Weidong He ,&nbsp;Qiang Luo ,&nbsp;Xiaotong Zhou ,&nbsp;Jinshuo Yang ,&nbsp;Chunyang Wang ,&nbsp;Jingxian Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.113403","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.113403","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>For simultaneous indoor air pollutant removal, this study presents a gradient-functionalized PET-based fixed-bed air filter for synergistic removal of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), particulate matter (PM), and pathogens indoors via polydopamine (PDA) biomimetic adhesion, rGO-TiO₂ photocatalytic systems, and side-emitting polymer optical fibers (POFs). The mechanism of key parameters’ influence on formaldehyde degradation was analyzed through gradient and cooperative experiments. Systematic experimental optimization determined the optimal preparation concentrations of GO and TiO₂ at 0.05 g/L and 20 g/L. Using a dual factor orthogonal design, the filter configuration with 61 POFs, 4 mm POF diameter, 0.5 m/min filtration velocity, and 60 layers of filter media achieved a formaldehyde degradation efficiency of 91.21 % with a photocatalytic quality factor of 0.0507 within 300 min, and a particle removal efficiency of 99.89 to 100 % for particles ranging from 0.3 to 10 μm with a filter quality factor between 0.139 and 0.282. Dynamic shielding effects induced by particulate deposition were systematically investigated. After 12 particulate-loading cycles, the filter maintained a formaldehyde degradation efficiency of 88.02 % and a high particulate matter filtration efficiency, confirming its regenerative capability. These results indicate that PDA modification enhanced the stability of the catalyst. Additionally, the filter achieved greater than 99.56 % removal of <em>Escherichia coli</em> aerosols, with the third PPrT layer exhibiting 99.78 % bacterial inactivation within 60 min under photocatalytic activation. This study develops a practical method for fabricating multifunctional PET filters using nonwoven PET fibers integrated with POFs for ultraviolet delivery, achieving concurrent formaldehyde degradation, aerosol filtration, and antibacterial performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9273,"journal":{"name":"Building and Environment","volume":"283 ","pages":"Article 113403"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144614093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}