British journal of experimental pathology最新文献_第9页

Streptococcal necrotizing fasciitis: development of an animal model to study its pathogenesis. 链球菌坏死性筋膜炎:研究其发病机制的动物模型的建立。

British journal of experimental pathology Pub Date : 1988-12-01

D V Seal, D Kingston

{"title":"Streptococcal necrotizing fasciitis: development of an animal model to study its pathogenesis.","authors":"D V Seal, D Kingston","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Necrotizing fasciitis is a serious and increasingly common human disease which can be caused by an infection with beta-haemolytic streptococci (BHS) of Lancefield groups A, C or G, spreading rapidly in the loose connective tissue over the muscle fascia. To facilitate study of its pathogenesis, we have developed an animal model for the production of a spreading infection with BHS in the loose connective tissue over the muscle layer in the skin of New Zealand White rabbits. Intradermal injection of group A BHS alone into the flank was unsatisfactory in that a spreading lesion occurred on only 12% of occasions. When the group A BHS were co-injected with cultures of Staphylococcus aureus, the results depended on the strain of S. aureus used: an abscess-producing strain isolated from pigs gave rise to a spreading lesion on 50% of occasions. When BHS were injected with the alpha-lysin of S. aureus at a titre which produced inflammation without necrosis, spreading lesions occurred on 75% of occasions. However, both inoculated and uninoculated broth acted synergistically with the alpha-lysin in potentiating the spread of the streptococci. This demonstration of synergy between BHS and alpha-lysin of S. aureus may reflect the clinical situation in the human, as both organisms have been found to occur together at sites where spreading streptococcal infections have originated.","PeriodicalId":9248,"journal":{"name":"British journal of experimental pathology","volume":"69 6","pages":"813-31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2013287/pdf/brjexppathol00006-0059.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14347688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of fasting on aggregation of hepatocyte rough endoplasmic reticulum in adrenalectomized and 3'MeDAB-treated rats: quantitative electron microscope study. 禁食对肾上腺切除大鼠及3' medab处理大鼠肝细胞粗内质网聚集的影响:定量电镜研究。

British journal of experimental pathology Pub Date : 1988-12-01

D J Winton, B Flaks

{"title":"Effect of fasting on aggregation of hepatocyte rough endoplasmic reticulum in adrenalectomized and 3'MeDAB-treated rats: quantitative electron microscope study.","authors":"D J Winton, B Flaks","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"A method for the quantitative analysis of the degree to which hepatocyte rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is arranged into parallel arrays was used to study the effect of fasting on rough ER aggregation in rat liver cells following either bilateral adrenalectomy or administration of the carcinogenic azo dye 3'-methyl-4-dimethylaminoazobenzene (3'MeDAB). One group of male inbred Leeds strain rats was subjected to bilateral adrenalectomy (ADX): after 1 week half of the animals were fasted for 24 h whereupon the whole group was killed. A second group of rats, fed for 4 weeks on a diet containing 0.06% of the carcinogenic azo dye 3'MeDAB, was similarly divided into two groups that were killed either with or without a prior 24-h fast. Untreated control groups of rats, both fasted and unfasted, were also killed. A quantitative electron microscope study was carried out to investigate the effect of each treatment on the degree to which the hepatocyte rough ER was aggregated into parallel arrays. ADX alone was without effect but caused a dramatic fall in rough ER aggregation when combined with fasting. At least as great an effect was induced by 3'MeDAB, with or without fasting, while fasting alone had a significant but much more modest effect than either ADX or the carcinogen. Thus, two disparate treatments induced morphologically identical responses in hepatocyte rough ER. The implications of this are discussed in terms of known interrelations between glucocorticoids and chemical carcinogenesis in the rat liver.","PeriodicalId":9248,"journal":{"name":"British journal of experimental pathology","volume":"69 6","pages":"877-89"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2013291/pdf/brjexppathol00006-0120.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14275627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Host defence mechanisms in the bladder. II. Disruption of the layer of mucus. 膀胱中的宿主防御机制。2粘液层的破坏

British journal of experimental pathology Pub Date : 1988-12-01

J Cornish, J P Lecamwasam, G Harrison, M A Vanderwee, T E Miller

引用次数: 0

Effects of inhaled titanium dioxide dust on the lung and on the course of experimental Legionnaires' disease. 吸入二氧化钛粉尘对肺及实验性军团病病程的影响。

British journal of experimental pathology Pub Date : 1988-12-01

A Baskerville, R B Fitzgeorge, M I Gilmour, A B Dowsett, A Williams, A S Featherstone

引用次数: 0

Diversity in migration of CD4 and CD8 lymphocytes in different microanatomical compartments of the skin in the tuberculin reaction in man. 人结核菌素反应中皮肤不同显微解剖区CD4和CD8淋巴细胞迁移的多样性

British journal of experimental pathology Pub Date : 1988-12-01

J S Beck, S M Morley, J G Lowe, R A Brown, J M Grange, J H Gibbs, R C Potts, T Kardjito

{"title":"Diversity in migration of CD4 and CD8 lymphocytes in different microanatomical compartments of the skin in the tuberculin reaction in man.","authors":"J S Beck, S M Morley, J G Lowe, R A Brown, J M Grange, J H Gibbs, R C Potts, T Kardjito","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The lymphocytes in the perivascular foci of tuberculin skin tests have a similar CD4:CD8 ratio to those in the peripheral blood, suggesting that these subsets do not show bias in their initial emigration. By contrast, the diffusely infiltrating lymphocytes show a relative preponderance of CD4 cells which is progressively greater in successive 250 micron layers into the dermis. A generally similar pattern is seen in healthy controls and in patients with untreated pulmonary tuberculosis, treated leprosy, haemophilia A and chronic obstructive lung disease (COLD) patients treated with prednisolone, but the gradient of increasing CD4:CD8 ratio with depth into the dermis is significantly less steep in patients with tuberculosis, haemophilia and prednisolone-treated COLD than in the healthy controls. Selective migration results in a relative preponderance of CD4 cells in the diffuse infiltrate and it is suggested that this is a mechanism likely to potentiate defensive reaction to Mycobacterium tuberculosis: any deficiency in selective migration may make immunological defences less effective and so contribute to the chronicity of the lesions of tuberculosis.","PeriodicalId":9248,"journal":{"name":"British journal of experimental pathology","volume":"69 6","pages":"771-80"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2013285/pdf/brjexppathol00006-0017.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14392623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The ultrastructural features of aflatoxin B1-induced lesions in the rat liver. 黄曲霉毒素b1致大鼠肝脏病变的超微结构特征。

British journal of experimental pathology Pub Date : 1988-12-01

D J Pritchard, W H Butler

引用次数: 0

Genetics of resistance to infection with Candida albicans in mice. 小鼠抗白色念珠菌感染的遗传学研究。

British journal of experimental pathology Pub Date : 1988-10-01

G Marquis, S Montplaisir, M Pelletier, P Auger, W S Lapp

{"title":"Genetics of resistance to infection with Candida albicans in mice.","authors":"G Marquis, S Montplaisir, M Pelletier, P Auger, W S Lapp","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"To determine differences in susceptibility, 234 naive mice including xid and beige mutants were infected intravenously with Candida albicans and monitored with survival analysis and quantitative culture of the kidneys. By using survival time as the criterion, animals of seven inbred strains were separated into three groups. C3H/HeJ and Dw/+ were most susceptible; C57BR/cdJ, BRVR and CBA/N (xid) were intermediate in susceptibility; C57BL/KsJ and C57BL/6J were least susceptible. Mean survival times (MST) were markedly influenced by the number of Candida cells injected while the ranking of mouse strains by survival alone was unchanged. There was a dissimilar behaviour of the strains to produce organ weight changes in response to infection when compared with uninfected mice which were matched for age and genetic lineage. Black mice had lower colony forming units (CFU) per mg of tissue at the time of death than animals of other genetic lineage. Nevertheless, the finding that MST and CFU studies were loosely correlated in a few strains of mice indicated that the proliferation of the fungus in the kidneys was not always the major cause of death. The beige mutation was found to determine an increased susceptibility to systemic Candida infection. The differences in survival for beige and nonbeige mice were influenced by the genetic lineage of the host, being much greater in the C57BL/6 strain (36.7 days) than in the C3H/He strain (5 days). C57BL/6 beige-J had significantly higher CFU per organ and per unit of weight than C57BL/6 +/+ mice. These data evinced an important contribution of host genetic factors to resistance to systemic candidiasis. It is suggested that innate resistance genes regulate the differentiation in the bone marrow and the function of cells of granulocyte-macrophage lineage.","PeriodicalId":9248,"journal":{"name":"British journal of experimental pathology","volume":"69 5","pages":"651-60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2013273/pdf/brjexppathol00005-0050.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14190242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The lipid composition of highly differentiated human hepatomas, with special reference to fatty acids. 高分化人肝癌的脂质组成，特别涉及脂肪酸。

British journal of experimental pathology Pub Date : 1988-10-01

I Eggens, L Bäckman, A Jakobsson, C Valtersson

{"title":"The lipid composition of highly differentiated human hepatomas, with special reference to fatty acids.","authors":"I Eggens, L Bäckman, A Jakobsson, C Valtersson","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The lipid compositions of homogenates and microsomal fractions derived from surgical samples of highly differentiated human hepatoma, morphologically normal regions outside the tumours and from normal livers were analysed. A few enzyme activities were also assayed. Hepatoma microsomes demonstrated considerably lowered levels of cytochromes P-450 and b5. Hepatoma homogenates exhibited increased levels of cholesterol, normal amounts of dolichyl-P and slightly lowered levels of total phospholipid. The levels of dolichol, dolichol ester and ubiquinone in hepatoma homogenates were prominently decreased. In tumour microsomes the levels of cholesterol and dolichyl phosphate were increased considerably while the levels of phospholipid and dolichol were lowered. The phospholipid composition of tumour homogenates was roughly similar to that of control tissue. In tumour microsomes the relative amounts of phosphatidylserine and phosphatidylinositol were about 30% decreased, whereas the major phospholipids showed minor increases in amount. The rate and pattern of incorporation of [3H]glycerol into individual phospholipids in liver slices from control and hepatoma tissue did not differ to any larger extent. The fatty acid composition of tumour homogenates exhibited minor differences in comparison to the control with the greatest changes in the sphingomyelin fraction. In hepatoma microsomes the fatty acid compositions of the major phospholipids were altered moderately, with evident decreases in the relative amounts of the long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids. In hepatoma homogenates the fatty acid composition of dolichol esters differed only slightly from the control pattern. These results indicate that the major disturbance in the lipid metabolism of highly differentiated hepatomas is localized to the mevalonate pathway, thus affecting mainly the levels of cholesterol, dolichol and ubiquinone.","PeriodicalId":9248,"journal":{"name":"British journal of experimental pathology","volume":"69 5","pages":"671-83"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2013280/pdf/brjexppathol00005-0070.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13986268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cellular and extracellular plasminogen activator and inhibitor in an experimental tumour. 实验性肿瘤中的细胞和细胞外纤溶酶原激活剂和抑制剂。

British journal of experimental pathology Pub Date : 1988-10-01

Q Dong, M H Zhou, V Subbarao, C H Ts'ao

{"title":"Cellular and extracellular plasminogen activator and inhibitor in an experimental tumour.","authors":"Q Dong, M H Zhou, V Subbarao, C H Ts'ao","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"We determined plasminogen activator (PA) and PA inhibitor (PAI) activities in the intra- and extracellular compartments of an experimental pancreatic ascites tumour with indirect and direct functional assays, and partially characterized these activities on SDS-polyacrylamide gels coupled with fibrin and reverse fibrin autography. Intact tumour cells caused lysis of plasminogen-rich but not plasminogen-free fibrin clots, and the extent of lysis of the former was related to tumour cell count. Direct assay of PA with a synthetic substrate yielded an equivalent of 109 urokinase units per 10(9) tumour cells. No PAI activity was demonstrated in tumour cells with functional assays. Contrary to tumour cells, cell-free ascitic fluids caused no lysis of fibrin clots. Instead, it inhibited tumour cell- and urokinase-induced, but not plasmin-induced, clot lysis in a dose-dependent fashion. Although functional assays failed to demonstrate PA in ascitic fluid and PAI in tumour cells, both activities were detected in electrophoresed samples of cell lysates and fluids by fibrin and reverse fibrin autography. In tumour cells, a mixture of tissue-type PA (tPA) and urokinase-type PA (uPA) were present. In the fluid, uPA together with two other PAs with greater molecular weights than tPA were detected.","PeriodicalId":9248,"journal":{"name":"British journal of experimental pathology","volume":"69 5","pages":"685-95"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2013274/pdf/brjexppathol00005-0083.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14273721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparisons of the pathogenicity of long and short fibres of chrysotile asbestos in rats. 温石棉长、短纤维对大鼠致病性的比较。

British journal of experimental pathology Pub Date : 1988-10-01

J M Davis, A D Jones

{"title":"Comparisons of the pathogenicity of long and short fibres of chrysotile asbestos in rats.","authors":"J M Davis, A D Jones","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Long-term inhalation and intraperitoneal injection studies were undertaken with laboratory rats treated with a specially prepared short-fibre sample of Canadian chrysotile asbestos. This was compared, at an equal mass dose, to dust generated from the same chrysotile batch so as to contain the highest possible number of long fibres. The long-fibre cloud contained roughly five times more fibres greater than 5 micron in length as seen by phase contrast optical microscopy (PCOM). For increasing lengths, the ratio between the dust clouds increased progressively, reaching over 80: 1 for fibres greater than 30 microns in length. Rats treated with long-fibre chrysotile developed six times more advanced interstitial fibrosis (asbestosis) than animals treated with short-fibre chrysotile and three times more pulmonary tumours. At the end of the 12-month dusting period, three times more short chrysotile than long had been retained in the rat lung tissues. During the following 6 months, however, the short-fibre chrysotile was removed from the lungs much more rapidly than the long. Following intraperitoneal injection at a mass dose of 25mg of dust, both long and short chrysotile produced mesotheliomas in more than 90% of rats. At a dose level of 2.5mg of dust, the short-fibre chrysotile produced mesotheliomas in only one-third as many rats as the long-fibre dust which still produced mesotheliomas in more than 90% of animals injected. At a dose level of 0.25mg of dust, the short-fibre chrysotile produced no mesotheliomas while the long-fibre chrysotile still produced these tumours in 66% of rats. In the two highest doses, where short-fibre chrysotile produced mesotheliomas, the mean tumour induction period was significantly longer than for tumours produced by long chrysotile.","PeriodicalId":9248,"journal":{"name":"British journal of experimental pathology","volume":"69 5","pages":"717-37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2013275/pdf/brjexppathol00005-0114.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13986199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0