Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry最新文献_第3页

Association of BDNF, HTR2A, TPH1, SLC6A4, and COMT polymorphisms with tDCS and escitalopram efficacy: ancillary analysis of a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial BDNF、HTR2A、TPH1、SLC6A4和COMT多态性与tDCS和艾司西酞普兰疗效的关联:一项双盲、安慰剂对照试验的辅助分析

Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry Pub Date : 2019-11-11 DOI: 10.1590/1516-4446-2019-0620

A. Brunoni, Á. Carracedo, O. Amigo, A. L. Pellicer, L. Talib, A. Carvalho, P. Lotufo, I. Benseñor, W. Gattaz, C. Cappi

{"title":"Association of BDNF, HTR2A, TPH1, SLC6A4, and COMT polymorphisms with tDCS and escitalopram efficacy: ancillary analysis of a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial","authors":"A. Brunoni, Á. Carracedo, O. Amigo, A. L. Pellicer, L. Talib, A. Carvalho, P. Lotufo, I. Benseñor, W. Gattaz, C. Cappi","doi":"10.1590/1516-4446-2019-0620","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-4446-2019-0620","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: We investigated whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with neuroplasticity and activity of monoamine neurotransmitters, such as the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF, rs6265), the serotonin transporter (SLC6A4, rs25531), the tryptophan hydroxylase 1 (TPH1, rs1800532), the 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A (HTR2A, rs6311, rs6313, rs7997012), and the catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT, rs4680) genes, are associated with efficacy of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in major depression. Methods: Data from the Escitalopram vs. Electrical Current Therapy for Treating Depression Clinical Study (ELECT-TDCS) were used. Participants were antidepressant-free at baseline and presented with an acute, moderate-to-severe unipolar depressive episode. They were randomized to receive escitalopram/tDCS-sham (n=75), tDCS/placebo-pill (n=75), or placebo-pill/sham-tDCS (n=45). General linear models assessed the interaction between treatment group and allele-wise carriers. Additional analyses were performed for each group and each genotype separately. Results: Pairwise group comparisons (tDCS vs. placebo, tDCS vs. escitalopram, and escitalopram vs. placebo) did not identify alleles associated with depression improvement. In addition, exploratory analyses also did not identify any SNP unequivocally associated with improvement of depression in any treatment group. Conclusion: Larger, combined datasets are necessary to identify candidate genes for tDCS response.","PeriodicalId":9246,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86968849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 15

Prominent autistic traits and subthreshold bipolar/mixed features of depression in severe anorexia nervosa 重度神经性厌食症患者显著的自闭症特征和阈下双相/混合抑郁特征

Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry Pub Date : 2019-11-04 DOI: 10.1590/1516-4446-2019-0500

M. Fornaro, Teresa Sassi, S. Novello, A. Anastasia, A. Fusco, I. Senatore, A. de Bartolomeis

{"title":"Prominent autistic traits and subthreshold bipolar/mixed features of depression in severe anorexia nervosa","authors":"M. Fornaro, Teresa Sassi, S. Novello, A. Anastasia, A. Fusco, I. Senatore, A. de Bartolomeis","doi":"10.1590/1516-4446-2019-0500","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-4446-2019-0500","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Autistic traits are associated with a burdensome clinical presentation of anorexia nervosa (AN), as is AN with concurrent depression. The aim of the present study was to explore the intertwined association between complex psychopathology combining autistic traits, subthreshold bipolarity, and mixed depression among people with AN. Method: Sixty patients with AN and concurrent major depressive episode (mean age, 22.2±7 years) were cross-sectionally assessed using the Autism-Spectrum Quotient test (AQ-test), the Hamilton depression scales for depression and anxiety, the Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS), the Hypomania-Checklist-32 (HCL-32), second revision (for subthreshold bipolarity), the Brown Assessment and Beliefs Scale (BABS), the Yale-Brown-Cornell Eating Disorders Scale (YBC-EDS), and the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q). Cases were split into two groups depending on body mass index (BMI): severe AN (AN+) if BMI < 16, not severe (AN-) if BMI ≥ 16. Results: The “subthreshold bipolarity with prominent autistic traits” pattern correctly classified 83.6% of AN patients (AN+ = 78.1%; AN- = 91.3%, Exp(B) = 1.391). AN+ cases showed higher rates of positive scores for YMRS items 2 (increased motor activity-energy) and 5 (irritability) compared to AN- cases. Conclusions: In our sample, depressed patients with severe AN had more pronounced autistic traits and subtly mixed bipolarity. Further studies with larger samples and prospective follow-up of treatment outcomes are warranted to replicate these findings.","PeriodicalId":9246,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87409482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

The first instrument for complex PTSD assessment: psychometric properties of the ICD-11 Trauma Questionnaire 复杂创伤后应激障碍评估的第一个工具:ICD-11创伤问卷的心理测量特性

Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry Pub Date : 2019-10-07 DOI: 10.1590/1516-4446-2018-0272

J. Rocha, V. Rodrigues, E. Santos, Inês Azevedo, Sónia Machado, Vera Almeida, C. Silva, J. Almeida, M. Cloitre

{"title":"The first instrument for complex PTSD assessment: psychometric properties of the ICD-11 Trauma Questionnaire","authors":"J. Rocha, V. Rodrigues, E. Santos, Inês Azevedo, Sónia Machado, Vera Almeida, C. Silva, J. Almeida, M. Cloitre","doi":"10.1590/1516-4446-2018-0272","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-4446-2018-0272","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The ICD-11 Trauma Questionnaire (ITQ) was developed as a joint effort by researchers from several countries to evaluate post-traumatic stress (PTSD) and complex-PTSD (C-PTSD) symptoms. This study is part of a multi-center international collaborative research project that aims to provide psychometric support for this initial instrument in different languages, considering the specific contexts related to complex traumatization. This study verified the psychometric characteristics of the Portuguese version of the ITQ, evaluating symptoms beyond those described the existing literature. Methods: We examined the results of a convenience sample totaling 268 Portuguese and Angolan participants. Two instruments were applied: the ITQ, which evaluates symptoms resulting from a traumatic life event, and the Life Events Checklist (LEC), which evaluates stressful life events. The general characteristics of the scales are described, and reliability analysis and validity studies were performed. Results: Cronbach’s alpha varied between 0.84 and 0.88, and the exploratory factorial analysis results were consistent with the concept of C-PTSD, with five components explaining 61.58% of scale variance. Conclusion: The results suggest good psychometric characteristics for the Portuguese version of the ITQ, and thus it can be included in protocols intended evaluating complex traumatic symptoms.","PeriodicalId":9246,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86715741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 10

Psychotic and affective symptoms of early-onset bipolar disorder: an observational study of patients in first manic episode 早发性双相情感障碍的精神和情感症状:首次躁狂发作患者的观察性研究

Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry Pub Date : 2019-09-26 DOI: 10.1590/1516-4446-2019-0455

Lee Fu-I, W. Gurgel, S. Caetano, R. Machado-Vieira, Yuan-Pang Wang

{"title":"Psychotic and affective symptoms of early-onset bipolar disorder: an observational study of patients in first manic episode","authors":"Lee Fu-I, W. Gurgel, S. Caetano, R. Machado-Vieira, Yuan-Pang Wang","doi":"10.1590/1516-4446-2019-0455","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-4446-2019-0455","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Presence of psychotic symptoms seems to be a commonplace in early-onset bipolar disorder (BD). However, few studies have examined their occurrence in adolescent-onset BD. We sought to investigate the frequency of affective and psychotic symptoms observed during the first manic episode in adolescents. Methods: Forty-nine adolescents with bipolar I disorder (DSM-IV criteria) were admitted to a psychiatric hospital during their first acute manic episode. Assessment for current psychiatric diagnosis was performed by direct clinical interview and the DSM-IV version of the Diagnostic Interview for Children and Adolescents (DICA). Results: Teenage inpatients with BD consistently exhibited typical manic features, such as euphoria, grandiosity, and psychomotor agitation. In addition, disorganization and psychotic symptoms were present in 82 and 55% of the total sample, respectively. There was no significant difference in symptoms between early- and late-adolescent subgroups. Remarkably, most patients (76%) reported previous depressive episode(s); of these, 47% had prominent psychotic features in the prior depressive period. Conclusion: These findings suggest that disorganization and psychotic symptoms during the first manic episode are salient features in adolescent-onset BD, and that psychotic depression frequently may precede psychotic mania. Nevertheless, differential diagnosis with schizophrenia should be routinely ruled out in cases of early-onset first psychotic episode.","PeriodicalId":9246,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75060602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Suicide mortality among youth in southern Brazil: a spatiotemporal evaluation of socioeconomic vulnerability 巴西南部青年自杀死亡率:社会经济脆弱性的时空评估

Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry Pub Date : 2019-08-19 DOI: 10.1590/1516-4446-2018-0352

A. C. Alarcão, C. M. Dell Agnolo, J. Vissoci, Elias C A Carvalho, C. Staton, Luciano de Andrade, K. B. Fontes, S. Pelloso, J. C. Nievola, M. Carvalho

{"title":"Suicide mortality among youth in southern Brazil: a spatiotemporal evaluation of socioeconomic vulnerability","authors":"A. C. Alarcão, C. M. Dell Agnolo, J. Vissoci, Elias C A Carvalho, C. Staton, Luciano de Andrade, K. B. Fontes, S. Pelloso, J. C. Nievola, M. Carvalho","doi":"10.1590/1516-4446-2018-0352","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-4446-2018-0352","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To conduct a geospatial analysis of suicide deaths among young people in the state of Paraná, southern Brazil, and evaluate their association with socioeconomic and spatial determinants. Methods: Data were obtained from the Mortality Information System and the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. Data on suicide mortality rates (SMR) were extracted for three age groups (15-19, 20-24, and 25-29 years) from two 5-year periods (1998-2002 and 2008-2012). Geospatial data were analyzed through exploratory spatial data analysis. We applied Bayesian networks algorithms to explore the network structure of the socioeconomic predictors of SMR. Results: We observed spatial dependency in SMR in both periods, revealing geospatial clusters of high SMR. Our results show that socioeconomic deprivation at the municipality level was an important determinant of suicide in the youth population in Paraná, and significantly influenced the formation of high-risk SMR clusters. Conclusion: While youth suicide is multifactorial, there are predictable geospatial and sociodemographic factors associated with high SMR among municipalities in Paraná. Suicide among youth aged 15-29 occurs in geographic clusters which are associated with socioeconomic deprivation. Rural settings with poor infrastructure and development also correlate with increased SMR clusters.","PeriodicalId":9246,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86215006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 12

Lifetime prevalence, sociodemographic predictors, and comorbidities of oppositional defiant disorder: the National Epidemiology of Iranian Child and Adolescent Psychiatric disorders (IRCAP) 对立违抗性障碍的终生患病率、社会人口学预测因素和合并症:伊朗儿童和青少年精神疾病的国家流行病学(IRCAP)

Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry Pub Date : 2019-08-19 DOI: 10.1590/1516-4446-2019-0416

M. Mohammadi, Maryam Salmanian, Zahra Hooshyari, A. Shakiba, S. Alavi, Ameneh Ahmadi, A. Khaleghi, Hadi Zarafshan, S. Mostafavi, Anita Alaghmand, Parviz Molavi, Javad Mahmoudi‐Gharaei, K. Kamali, A. Ghanizadeh, H. Nazari, Nasrin Sarraf, A. Ahmadipour, F. Derakhshanpour, F. Riahi, Atieh Golbon, M. Kousha, Aazam Sadat Heydari Yazdi, M. E. Shahrbabaki, N. H. Motlagh, Houshang Amirian, A. Mojahed, Arezou Kiani, M. Ahmadpanah, R. Dastjerdi, N. Ahmadi

{"title":"Lifetime prevalence, sociodemographic predictors, and comorbidities of oppositional defiant disorder: the National Epidemiology of Iranian Child and Adolescent Psychiatric disorders (IRCAP)","authors":"M. Mohammadi, Maryam Salmanian, Zahra Hooshyari, A. Shakiba, S. Alavi, Ameneh Ahmadi, A. Khaleghi, Hadi Zarafshan, S. Mostafavi, Anita Alaghmand, Parviz Molavi, Javad Mahmoudi‐Gharaei, K. Kamali, A. Ghanizadeh, H. Nazari, Nasrin Sarraf, A. Ahmadipour, F. Derakhshanpour, F. Riahi, Atieh Golbon, M. Kousha, Aazam Sadat Heydari Yazdi, M. E. Shahrbabaki, N. H. Motlagh, Houshang Amirian, A. Mojahed, Arezou Kiani, M. Ahmadpanah, R. Dastjerdi, N. Ahmadi","doi":"10.1590/1516-4446-2019-0416","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-4446-2019-0416","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: This was the first national epidemiological study on oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) in Iran, which provided new information about the prevalence, comorbidities, and sociodemographic predictors of ODD. Methods: Data from a face-to-face household survey of 30,532 children and adolescents aged 6-18 years were collected from across all 31 provinces of Iran using a multistage cluster sampling design. The Persian version of the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children – Present and Lifetime Version (K-SADS-PL) was used in this study. Results: The lifetime prevalence of ODD was found to be 3.9%. ODD was significantly more common in boys than girls and appeared in late adolescence more frequently than in childhood. A lower prevalence of ODD was found among participants who lived in rural areas. ODD is highly likely to co-occur with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, separation anxiety disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, and depressive disorders. Conclusions: The findings of this national population-based study confirm and extend previous findings on the prevalence, comorbidities, and sociodemographic predictors of ODD.","PeriodicalId":9246,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82772120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 11

Neuroimaging adolescents with depression in a middle-income country: feasibility of an fMRI protocol and preliminary results 中等收入国家青少年抑郁症的神经成像:功能磁共振成像方案的可行性和初步结果

Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry Pub Date : 2019-08-05 DOI: 10.1590/1516-4446-2019-0508

Lucas Battel, J. Swartz, M. Anés, P. Manfro, L. Rohde, A. Viduani, V. Mondelli, C. Kieling

{"title":"Neuroimaging adolescents with depression in a middle-income country: feasibility of an fMRI protocol and preliminary results","authors":"Lucas Battel, J. Swartz, M. Anés, P. Manfro, L. Rohde, A. Viduani, V. Mondelli, C. Kieling","doi":"10.1590/1516-4446-2019-0508","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-4446-2019-0508","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To test the feasibility and to present preliminary results of a neuroimaging protocol to evaluate adolescent depression in a middle-income setting. Methods: We assessed psychotropic medication-free adolescents (age range 14-16 years) with a diagnosis of major depressive disorder (MDD). Participants underwent a comprehensive clinical evaluation and both structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). In this pilot study, a preliminary single-group analysis of resting-state fMRI (rs-fMRI) data was performed, with a focus on the default mode network (DMN), cognitive control network (CCN), and salience network (SN). Results: The sample included 29 adolescents with MDD (mean age 16.01, SD 0.78) who completed the protocol. Only two participants were excluded due to MRI quality issues (head movement), and were not included in the analyses. The scans showed significant connectivity between the medial prefrontal cortex and posterior cingulate cortex (DMN), the ACC and anterior insula (SN), and the lateral prefrontal cortex and dorsal parietal cortex (CCN). Conclusion: We demonstrated the feasibility of implementing a complex neuroimaging protocol in a middle-income country. Further, our preliminary rs-fMRI data revealed patterns of resting-state connectivity consistent with prior research performed in adolescents from high-income countries.","PeriodicalId":9246,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79126425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Difficulties in activities of daily living are associated with stigma in patients with Parkinson’s disease who are candidates for deep brain stimulation 帕金森病患者日常生活活动困难与耻辱感有关，这些患者是深部脑刺激的候选者

Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry Pub Date : 2019-08-05 DOI: 10.1590/1516-4446-2018-0333

A. D. da Silva, V. P. Leal, Paulo R da Silva, F. C. Freitas, M. Linhares, R. Walz, L. Malloy-Diniz, A. Diaz, A. Palha

{"title":"Difficulties in activities of daily living are associated with stigma in patients with Parkinson’s disease who are candidates for deep brain stimulation","authors":"A. D. da Silva, V. P. Leal, Paulo R da Silva, F. C. Freitas, M. Linhares, R. Walz, L. Malloy-Diniz, A. Diaz, A. Palha","doi":"10.1590/1516-4446-2018-0333","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-4446-2018-0333","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is often accompanied by stigma, which could contribute to a worse prognosis. The objective of this study is to identify the variables associated with stigma in PD patients who are candidates for deep brain stimulation (DBS). Methods: We investigated sociodemographic and clinical variables associated with stigma in a sample of 54 PD patients indicated for DBS. The independent variables were motor symptoms assessed by the Movement Disorder Society‐sponsored revision of the Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS III), depressive symptoms measured by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, age, disease duration and the presence of a general medical condition. The Mobility, Activities of daily living and Emotional well-being domains of the 39-item Parkinson’s Disease Questionnaire (PDQ-39) were also investigated as independent variables, and the Stigma domain of the PDQ-39 scale was considered the outcome variable. Results: After multiple linear regression analysis, activities of daily living remained associated with the Stigma domain (B = 0.42 [95%CI 0.003-0.83], p = 0.048). The full model accounted for 15% of the variance in the Stigma domain (p = 0.03). Conclusions: Although causal assumptions are not appropriate for cross-sectional studies, the results suggest that ADL difficulties could contribute to greater stigma in PD patients with refractory motor symptoms who are candidates for DBS.","PeriodicalId":9246,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80790646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 14

Depression and quality of life in older adults on hemodialysis 老年血液透析患者的抑郁和生活质量

Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry Pub Date : 2019-08-05 DOI: 10.1590/1516-4446-2018-0345

Saulo B V de Alencar, F. M. de Lima, L. D. A. Dias, V. D. Dias, Anna C Lessa, Jéssika M Bezerra, Julianna F Apolinário, K. D. de Petribú

{"title":"Depression and quality of life in older adults on hemodialysis","authors":"Saulo B V de Alencar, F. M. de Lima, L. D. A. Dias, V. D. Dias, Anna C Lessa, Jéssika M Bezerra, Julianna F Apolinário, K. D. de Petribú","doi":"10.1590/1516-4446-2018-0345","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-4446-2018-0345","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Depression is highly prevalent in hemodialysis patients, but few studies have evaluated older hemodialysis patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of depression, its associated factors and its impact on quality of life in an older population on hemodialysis. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study including 173 hemodialysis patients aged 60 years or older in Recife, Brazil. Depression was evaluated using the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview when depressive symptoms (according to the 5-item Geriatric Depression Scale) were present. Quality of life was assessed with the Control, Autonomy, Self-realization and Pleasure Questionnaire (CASP-16). Data were also collected on sociodemographic, laboratory (albumin, parathormone, hemoglobin, and phosphorus) and dialysis (dialysis vintage, vascular access and hemodialysis adequacy) characteristics. Results: Depression was present in 22.5% of the sample. Depressed patients presented low CASP-16 quality of life scores (31.6 vs. 24.2, p < 0.001), twice the odds of albumin levels < 3.8 g/dL (OR 2.36; 95%CI 1.10-5.07; p = 0.027) and higher parathormone levels (OR 1.06; 95%CI 1.00-1.13; p = 0.05). Conclusion: Older hemodialysis patients have a high prevalence of depression. Depressed patients presented poor quality of life, lower serum albumin and higher parathormone levels. Teams dealing with older hemodialysis patients should include depression and quality of life assessments in care protocols.","PeriodicalId":9246,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86840692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 25

Biological bases for a possible effect of cannabidiol in Parkinson’s disease 大麻二酚对帕金森病可能影响的生物学基础

Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry Pub Date : 2019-07-15 DOI: 10.1590/1516-4446-2019-0460

N. C. Ferreira‐Junior, A. Campos, F. Guimarães, E. Del-Bel, Patrícia M Zimmermann, Liberato Brum Junior, Jaime E. C. Hallak, J. Crippa, A. Zuardi

{"title":"Biological bases for a possible effect of cannabidiol in Parkinson’s disease","authors":"N. C. Ferreira‐Junior, A. Campos, F. Guimarães, E. Del-Bel, Patrícia M Zimmermann, Liberato Brum Junior, Jaime E. C. Hallak, J. Crippa, A. Zuardi","doi":"10.1590/1516-4446-2019-0460","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-4446-2019-0460","url":null,"abstract":"Current pharmacotherapy of Parkinson’s disease (PD) is palliative and unable to modify the progression of neurodegeneration. Treatments that can improve patients’ quality of life with fewer side effects are needed, but not yet available. Cannabidiol (CBD), the major non-psychotomimetic constituent of cannabis, has received considerable research attention in the last decade. In this context, we aimed to critically review the literature on potential therapeutic effects of CBD in PD and discuss clinical and preclinical evidence supporting the putative neuroprotective mechanisms of CBD. We searched MEDLINE (via PubMed) for indexed articles published in English from inception to 2019. The following keywords were used: cannabis; cannabidiol and neuroprotection; endocannabinoids and basal ganglia; Parkinson’s animal models; Parkinson’s history; Parkinson’s and cannabidiol. Few studies addressed the biological bases for the purported effects of CBD on PD. Six preclinical studies showed neuroprotective effects, while three targeted the antidyskinetic effects of CBD. Three human studies have tested CBD in patients with PD: an open-label study, a case series, and a randomized controlled trial. These studies reported therapeutic effects of CBD on non-motor symptoms. Additional research is needed to elucidate the potential effectiveness of CBD in PD and the underlying mechanisms involved.","PeriodicalId":9246,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89153862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 17