British Journal of Cancer最新文献

{"title":"Abemaciclib plus fulvestrant in treating hormone-receptor positive, HER2-negative advanced breast cancer—comparing real-world outcomes in England to the MONARCH-2 trial","authors":"Jack Anderson, Sarah Lawton, Katherine Thackray, Emma Kipps","doi":"10.1038/s41416-026-03396-z","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41416-026-03396-z","url":null,"abstract":"Abemaciclib plus fulvestrant was approved in Europe following publication of the MONARCH-2 trial and recommended to enter the NICE Cancer Drugs Fund for HR+/HER2− advanced breast cancer. We aimed to assess MONARCH-2 generalisability to England clinical practice using real-world NHS trust data. We identified patients receiving abemaciclib plus fulvestrant from April to December 2019 in the NHS England Blueteq and Systemic Anti-Cancer Therapy data, with follow-up to March 2024. We calculated overall survival (OS) from treatment initiation until death, and treatment-free survival (TFS) and chemotherapy-free survival (CFS) from initiation until post-discontinuation treatment or death (restricting CFS to chemotherapy). We measured outcomes using Kaplan–Meier methodology and compared to MONARCH-2. Median OS was 25.9 months [95% CI: 23.7, 28.4] (N = 876), compared to 46.7 months (N = 446) in MONARCH-2. Differences in gender, age and performance status did not explain OS differences. Median TFS was 11.6 months [95% CI: 10.3, 12.5] compared to a median PFS of 16.9 months in MONARCH-2. Median CFS was 15.3 months [95% CI: 13.8, 16.7], compared to 25.5 months in MONARCH-2. MONARCH-2 trial data are not generalisable to this real-world cohort, which had notably shorter OS, TFS and CFS that could not be explained by differences in measured patient characteristics.","PeriodicalId":9243,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Cancer","volume":"134 10","pages":"1440-1446"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41416-026-03396-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147580605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Natural menopause, menarche and breast cancer risk in BRCA1 and BRCA2 pathogenic variant carriers: a Mendelian randomization analysis","authors":"Nasim Mavaddat, Daniel R. Barnes, Kyriaki Michailidou, Emily Zhao, Debra Frost, Goska Leslie, Joe Dennis, Qin Wang, Manjeet K. Bolla, EMBRACE, D. Gareth Evans, Marc Tischkowitz, Deborah J. Thompson, John R. B. Perry, Antonis C. Antoniou, Douglas F. Easton","doi":"10.1038/s41416-026-03365-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41416-026-03365-6","url":null,"abstract":"The influence of age at menarche (AAM) and age at natural menopause (ANM) on breast cancer (BC) risk in BRCA1 and BRCA2 germline pathogenic variant (PV) carriers is uncertain. Observational studies are prone to bias and have limited statistical power. Mendelian randomization (MR) minimises bias and may be used to examine causal effects. Two-sample and age-specific MR analyses for BC were performed. For AAM, two-sample multivariable MR and mediation analyses to account for the confounding effect of body mass index (BMI), were undertaken. Genetic scores for ANM and AAM predicted the respective traits in PV carriers. Inverse-variance weighted hazard ratios (HR) for genetically predicted ANM per-year were HR = 0.99 (95%CI:0.97–1.01, p = 0.45) and HR = 1.04 (95% CI:1.01–1.06, p = 0.003) for BRCA1 and BRCA2 PV carriers, respectively. After adjusting for genetic associations with BMI, AAM per-year on BC risk were HR = 0.90 (95%CI:0.83–0.98, p = 0.01) and HR = 0.95 (95%CI:0.86–1.04, p = 0.26) for BRCA1 and BRCA2 carriers, respectively, consistent with a protective effect of later AAM. MR analyses support causal associations between ANM and BC risk in BRCA2, but not BRCA1, and between AAM and BC risk in BRCA1 and BRCA2 PV carriers. These results may aid risk prediction models and genetic counselling of carriers.","PeriodicalId":9243,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Cancer","volume":"134 10","pages":"1479-1487"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41416-026-03365-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147580587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: APR-246 induces apoptosis and enhances chemo-sensitivity via activation of ROS and TAp73-Noxa signal in oesophageal squamous cell cancer with TP53 missense mutation","authors":"Teruyuki Kobayashi, Tomoki Makino, Kotaro Yamashita, Takuro Saito, Koji Tanaka, Tsuyoshi Takahashi, Yukinori Kurokawa, Makoto Yamasaki, Kiyokazu Nakajima, Eiichi Morii, Hidetoshi Eguchi, Yuichiro Doki","doi":"10.1038/s41416-026-03361-w","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41416-026-03361-w","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9243,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Cancer","volume":"134 9","pages":"1360-1362"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41416-026-03361-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147580580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Who is benefiting from the dramatic decline in U.S. cancer mortality? Place-based evidence of disparities in rates of improvement","authors":"Arthur G. Cosby, Viswadeep Lebakula, Karissa Bergene, Gina Rico Mendez, Mackenzie Bumgarner, Alina Peluso","doi":"10.1038/s41416-026-03339-8","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41416-026-03339-8","url":null,"abstract":"After decades of increasing cancer mortality, U.S. rates declined from 1991 to 2019, a 32% decrease. we investigated rates of cancer mortality improvement across 2954 counties and selected characteristics associated with mortality improvements. Data was 21,381,009 county-level neoplasm deaths gleaned from death certificates via CDC WONDER. Analytical techniques included GIS and Moran’s I, OLS, GWR models, and trend comparisons. Counties with the greatest improvement (reduction) in cancer mortality tended to be coastal, higher-income, metropolitan locations. OLS model (R2 = 0.65) indicated that greatest improvements were observed in counties with higher initial mortality ( $$beta =.32$$ ) closely followed by percent urban ( $$beta =.31$$ ) and median household income ( $$beta =.16$$ ). Whereas percent Black residents ( $$beta =-.06$$ ), and percent with education beyond high school ( $$beta =-.10$$ ) was less associated on outcomes. Highest income counties were the first to experience improvement in cancer mortality, the highest rates of mortality decline, and the greatest reduction in excess deaths. Even though there was significant improvement in cancer mortality nationally, there were variations in the degree of improvement linked to county location, income, and urbanisation. These results underlie the need to expand place-based initiatives designed to advance cancer health and more equitable improvements in cancer mortality outcomes.","PeriodicalId":9243,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Cancer","volume":"134 10","pages":"1468-1478"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41416-026-03339-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147580562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations of health-related fitness and physical activity with chemotherapy outcomes in breast cancer","authors":"Renée L. Kokts-Porietis, Andria R. Morielli, Lin Yang, Charles E. Matthews, Sasha Lupichuk, Gloria Roldan-Urgoiti, Margaret L. McNeely, S. Nicole Culos‑Reed, Jeff K. Vallance, Leanne Dickau, Kerry S. Courneya, Christine M. Friedenreich","doi":"10.1038/s41416-026-03384-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41416-026-03384-3","url":null,"abstract":"Limited research exists on how modifiable lifestyle factors influence tolerability and response to chemotherapy. We investigated the associations between health-related fitness, physical activity, and sedentary behaviour after diagnosis with relative dose intensity (RDI) and pathologic complete response (pCR) among newly diagnosed breast cancer patients who received neoadjuvant or adjuvant chemotherapy. This analysis includes 890 participants of the Alberta Moving Beyond Breast Cancer prospective cohort study who received chemotherapy. We directly measured cardiorespiratory fitness, muscular strength and endurance, body composition, physical activity, sedentary behaviour shortly after diagnosis and abstracted RDI and pCR data from medical charts. We used logistic regression to measure the associations with RDI ( < 85%, ≥ 85%) and pCR (no, yes). Of 890 participants, 726 (81.6%) achieved ≥85% RDI. We found negative linear associations between ≥ 85% RDI and greater body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio and fat mass percentage; and positive linear associations for greater lean body mass percentage and lean-to-fat mass ratio. We observed positive dose-response relationships between ≥ 85% RDI and relative VO2peak, upper body and lower body strength. Higher lean-to-fat mass ratio was positively associated with pCR, in contrast to negative associations for BMI and self-reported physical activity. Greater relative aerobic fitness, muscular strength, and healthy body composition were consistently associated with better chemotherapy tolerance whereas fewer associations were found with chemotherapy response.","PeriodicalId":9243,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Cancer","volume":"134 10","pages":"1459-1467"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41416-026-03384-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147526905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive analysis of FGFR2b and its correlation with essential biomarkers, intratumoral heterogeneity, and survival in advanced gastric cancer","authors":"Yoonjin Kwak, Tae-Yong Kim, Hye Seung Lee, Soo Kyung Nam, Hyeon Jeong Oh, Do-Youn Oh, Seock-Ah Im","doi":"10.1038/s41416-026-03405-1","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41416-026-03405-1","url":null,"abstract":"FGFR2b is a new emerging therapeutic target in gastric cancer (GC). This study aimed to examine the clinicopathological characteristics of FGFR2b and its relationship with key biomarkers in locally advanced (LA) and metastatic or unresectable (MU) GC. FGFR2b immunohistochemistry (IHC) (FPR2-D) positivity was defined as 2 or 3+ in any tumor cells. Additional tests included IHC for CLDN18.2 (43-14 A), HER2, PD-L1 (22C3), microsatellite instability testing, and Epstein–Barr virus ISH. Of the 1331 patients, 39 (2.9%) and 25 (1.9%) had FGFR2b-positive GC in any % and in ≥10% of tumor cells, respectively. A higher FGFR2b-positivity rate was significantly associated with MU GC and a shorter interval between tumor acquisition and FGFR2b testing. HER2, PD-L1, and CLDN18.2 positivity rates did not differ by FGFR2b status. Intratumoral heterogeneity was observed in 88.0% of FGFR2b-positive resected cases. FGFR2b-positive GC had a trend toward shorter overall survival regardless of clinical factors. FGFR2b positivity was higher in MU GC and in GC samples with shorter storage periods. However, no significant association was observed between FGFR2b expression and other key biomarkers or survival outcomes.","PeriodicalId":9243,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Cancer","volume":"134 10","pages":"1429-1439"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147526958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between effectiveness of treatment with curative intent and outcomes of first-line systemic therapy in metachronous metastatic gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma","authors":"D. Kamp, A. M. May, M. J. M. van Velzen, S. Mook, J. E. Freund, B. Mostert, R. H. A. Verhoeven, H. W. M. van Laarhoven, N. Haj Mohammad","doi":"10.1038/s41416-026-03374-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41416-026-03374-5","url":null,"abstract":"Almost half of the patients with gastroesophageal cancer treated with curative intent develop recurrence. It is unknown whether the effectiveness of curative treatment is associated with the outcomes of subsequent first-line systemic therapy. From the Netherlands Cancer Registry, we identified patients with metachronous metastatic gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma(mGEA) initially treated for nonmetastatic disease(2015–2017) with perioperative chemotherapy or neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy, who later received first-line systemic therapy. Effectiveness of the treatment with curative intent was assessed by time-to-treatment-failure(TTF) and by pathological response. First-line systemic therapy outcomes were assessed by TTF and overall survival(OS). Associations were analysed using Kaplan–Meier curves and multivariable Cox models. Patients treated with perioperative chemotherapy (n = 81) and neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (n = 249) with a TTF longer than the median (19.6 and 14.9 months, respectively) had significantly longer first-line TTF(HR 1.94 95% CI: 1.18–3.19; HR 1.36, 95%CI: 1.04–1.78). This also translated into longer OS for neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (HR 1.35 95% CI 1.03–1.77). Pathological response was not associated with systemic therapy outcomes. A longer TTF of curative treatment was positively associated with improved first-line systemic therapy outcomes in patients with metachronous mGEA. When counselling patients, TTF of their curative treatment may be considered, whereas pathological response may not.","PeriodicalId":9243,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Cancer","volume":"134 10","pages":"1420-1428"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147520133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Arsenic exposure and cancer risk among migrant populations: bridging gaps in European public health policies and oncological screening","authors":"Giancarlo Ceccarelli, Francesco Branda, Gabriella d’Ettorre, Marta Giovanetti, Fabio Scarpa, Gabriele d’Ettorre, Massimo Ciccozzi","doi":"10.1038/s41416-026-03424-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41416-026-03424-y","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9243,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Cancer","volume":"134 9","pages":"1245-1247"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147509763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tumor vessel phenotype in colorectal cancer microenvironment according to age at diagnosis","authors":"Kosuke Matsuda, Satoko Ugai, Satoshi Miyahara, Qian Yao, Jules Cazaubiel, Nobuhiro Nakazawa, Mayu Higashioka, Yuxue Zhong, Andrew T. Chan, Jeffrey A. Meyerhardt, Kimmie Ng, Mingyang Song, Juha P. Väyrynen, Jonathan A. Nowak, Marios Giannakis, Tomotaka Ugai, Shuji Ogino","doi":"10.1038/s41416-026-03373-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41416-026-03373-6","url":null,"abstract":"Given the global issue of the rising incidence of early-onset colorectal cancer (CRC), we tested the hypothesis that tumor vasculature phenotypes might vary with age at CRC diagnosis. We used in situ multispectral immunofluorescence combined with digital image analysis and machine learning to measure expression of endothelial cell markers [ACKR1 (DARC), CD34, CD36, KDR (VEGFR2), LAMB1 (laminin β1), MADCAM1] and KRT (keratin) in 843 tumors derived from 4476 CRC cases in U.S.-wide prospective cohorts under the prospective cohort incident-tumor biobank method. Overall CD34+ vessel and CD34+LAMB1+ vessel densities inversely correlated with younger age at CRC diagnosis (both Ptrend < 0.0001). In the inverse probability-weighted multivariable-adjusted logistic regression analyses, compared to age ≥70, odds ratios (with 95% confidence interval) for high (vs. low) overall vessel density were 0.85 (0.74–0.99) for age 55–69 and 0.63 (0.48–0.81) for age <55, and those for high (vs. low/negative) CD34+LAMB1+ vessel density were 0.56 (0.47–0.65) for age 55–69 and 0.28 (0.20–0.40) for age <55. Hypovascularities of overall and CD34+LAMB1+ vessels may be microenvironmental characteristics of early-onset CRC if validated by independent studies. Our findings highlight age-related tumor pathobiological differences. Identifying specific biomarkers of early-onset CRC can provide pathogenetic and etiological clues.","PeriodicalId":9243,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Cancer","volume":"134 10","pages":"1375-1386"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41416-026-03373-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147509716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Self-help cognitive behavioural therapy for hot flushes and night sweats during androgen deprivation therapy for prostate cancer: the MANCAN2 randomized controlled trial","authors":"Simon J. Crabb, Alannah Morgan, Evgenia Stefanopoulou, Louisa Fleure, Gareth O. Griffiths, Cherish Boxall, Sam Wilding, Theodora Nearchou, Sean Ewings, Jacqueline Nuttall, Zina Eminton, Emma Tilt, Emma Whitby, Bernard Siu, Paul Ridley, Lynsey Robson, Jenny Nobes, Joanne Preece, Roger Bacon, Jonathan Martin, Sarah Chamberlain, Deborah Fenlon, Myra Hunter, Alison Richardson","doi":"10.1038/s41416-026-03375-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41416-026-03375-4","url":null,"abstract":"Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) causes hot flushes and night sweats (HFNS) and is associated with sleep disturbance, anxiety, low mood and cognitive impairment. We tested self-help cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT), when guided by prostate cancer nurse specialist teams, for mitigation of the long-term impact of HFNS, and associated symptoms. Prostate cancer patients receiving ADT, with a HFNS Problem Rating Scale ≥2, were randomised (1:1) to treatment as usual (TAU) or CBT + TAU, stratified by centre and treatment intent. CBT was a 4-week self-help intervention with pre- and post-intervention group workshops guided by trained prostate cancer nurse specialists. Primary endpoint: 6-month HFNS Problem Rating Scale. Secondary endpoints included HFNS frequency, ADT compliance and rating scales for HFNS beliefs and behaviours, quality of life, anxiety, depression and sleep. 162 patients were randomised. 6 month mean HFNS Problem Rating Scale score was not significantly different between the TAU and CBT + TAU groups (mean 4.08 vs 4.04, 95% confidence interval (CI) for difference: −0.89, 0.80; p = 0.97), although was improved at 6 weeks (mean 4.47 vs 3.79, 95% CI: −1.26, -0.09; p = 0.03), when depression, anxiety scores and ADT compliance also favoured CBT + TAU. The addition of CBT in prostate cancer patients receiving ADT improved short-term HFNS severity, in addition to improved anxiety and depression scores, but these were not maintained at 6 months. ISRCTN58720120.","PeriodicalId":9243,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Cancer","volume":"134 10","pages":"1413-1419"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41416-026-03375-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147503148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}