British Journal of Cancer最新文献_第10页

Advancing antibody drug conjugates in gastrointestinal cancers 推进抗体药物偶联物在胃肠道癌症中的应用。

IF 7.8 1区医学

British Journal of Cancer Pub Date : 2026-07-23 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-026-03510-1

Philippe A. Cassier, Floriane Izarn, Charles Dumontet, Clélia Coutzac

{"title":"Advancing antibody drug conjugates in gastrointestinal cancers","authors":"Philippe A. Cassier, Floriane Izarn, Charles Dumontet, Clélia Coutzac","doi":"10.1038/s41416-026-03510-1","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41416-026-03510-1","url":null,"abstract":"Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers account for one fifth of all cancer cases and one third of all cancer related deaths worldwide. Despite this, the number of systemic treatment options for these cancers remains overall low compared to other cancer types. Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), which are composed of a cytotoxic payload attached to an antibody via a linker, have emerged as a promising class of drugs for cancer therapy over the last decade, leading to several approvals in solid tumours and haematological malignancies. However, their development has been delayed in GI cancers compared to other frequent cancers. Encouraging clinical activity has been recently reported with ADCs targeting Claudin 18.2, CEACAM5 and MET. Switching from tubulin inhibitor payloads to topoisomerase I inhibitor payloads in the last generation of ADCs seems to increase the overall activity in GI cancers, particularly in adenocarcinomas. This is notably evident for MET and CEACAM5, but seems also true for ADCs targeting other broadly prevalent targets. In this article we review the current landscape of ADCs development in GI cancers, highlight potential development hurdles and discuss emerging solutions to bring this new therapeutic modality to its full potential in GI oncology.","PeriodicalId":9243,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Cancer","volume":"135 9","pages":"1365-1375"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148577163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Oncology drug development in the UK: analysis of the past 25 years and focus on the 2026 reboot of the clinical trial regulatory framework 英国肿瘤药物开发：分析过去25年，重点关注2026年重启临床试验监管框架。

IF 7.8 1区医学

British Journal of Cancer Pub Date : 2026-07-23 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-026-03543-6

Paulina Czajka-Francuz, Chris Twelves, James Spicer, Archana Munje, Laura Vidal, Ruth Plummer, Dinesh Mistry, Maksym Novikov, Jim Bush, Gopalakrishnan Srinivasan, Soma Das, Sharan Sandhu, Vikram Bohra, Chinmayee Joshi, Ken Morrison, Suvarna Chavan, Fiona Thistlethwaite, Andrew Walding, Glen Clack, Michael George, Debashis Sarker, Raghib Ali, Sarah P. Blagden, Thomas R. Jeffry Evans, Kamal S. Saini

{"title":"Oncology drug development in the UK: analysis of the past 25 years and focus on the 2026 reboot of the clinical trial regulatory framework","authors":"Paulina Czajka-Francuz, Chris Twelves, James Spicer, Archana Munje, Laura Vidal, Ruth Plummer, Dinesh Mistry, Maksym Novikov, Jim Bush, Gopalakrishnan Srinivasan, Soma Das, Sharan Sandhu, Vikram Bohra, Chinmayee Joshi, Ken Morrison, Suvarna Chavan, Fiona Thistlethwaite, Andrew Walding, Glen Clack, Michael George, Debashis Sarker, Raghib Ali, Sarah P. Blagden, Thomas R. Jeffry Evans, Kamal S. Saini","doi":"10.1038/s41416-026-03543-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41416-026-03543-6","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the article was to analyse the trends in oncology interventional clinical trials in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2000 to 2025, compare with major global regions, and to assess the potential impact of the New UK Clinical Trials Regulation (UK CTR) 2026 regulatory reform on the future competitiveness. Retrospective observational analysis of interventional oncology trials registered on ClinicalTrials.gov with comparison across the UK, European Union (EU; comprising 27 member states), the United States, and the Republic of China (China). Number of trials, phase distribution, funding source, and population-adjusted trial density across three time intervals (2000–2015, 2016–2020, 2021–2025). The UK experienced growth in oncology trials until 2017, followed by declines associated with Brexit and the COVID-19 pandemic, and partial recovery thereafter. While the EU and USA maintained high absolute trial numbers, both showed declining population-adjusted research intensity over time. China demonstrated the fastest growth, with substantial increases in early phase trials and trial density. Despite recent challenges, the UK retains strong infrastructure and expertise in oncology research; the 2026 regulatory reform may support the future attractiveness of the UK, particularly for early phase trials, although increasing global competition remains a significant issue.","PeriodicalId":9243,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Cancer","volume":"135 8","pages":"1286-1297"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41416-026-03543-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148577167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comment on: ‘Modelled impact of a multi-cancer early detection screening programme on cancer treatment in England’ 评论：“英国多种癌症早期检测筛查项目对癌症治疗的模拟影响”。

IF 7.8 1区医学

British Journal of Cancer Pub Date : 2026-07-23 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-026-03562-3

Ruijun Zhang, Zhigang Wei

引用次数: 0

Hospital contacts before childhood cancer and the risk of early mortality: a Danish and Swedish population-based cohort study 儿童癌症前的医院接触与早期死亡风险：丹麦和瑞典基于人群的队列研究

IF 7.8 1区医学

British Journal of Cancer Pub Date : 2026-07-23 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-026-03560-5

Line Kenborg, Hanna Mogensen, Henrik Hasle, Thomas T. Nielsen, Mats Talbäck, Maria Feychting, Friederike Erdmann, Giorgio Tettamanti

{"title":"Hospital contacts before childhood cancer and the risk of early mortality: a Danish and Swedish population-based cohort study","authors":"Line Kenborg, Hanna Mogensen, Henrik Hasle, Thomas T. Nielsen, Mats Talbäck, Maria Feychting, Friederike Erdmann, Giorgio Tettamanti","doi":"10.1038/s41416-026-03560-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41416-026-03560-5","url":null,"abstract":"Limited knowledge exists on the association between hospital contacts before a childhood cancer diagnosis and the risk of early mortality. We conducted a register-based cohort study including 14,089 children with cancer diagnosed in 1989 − 2014 in Denmark and Sweden. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of early mortality (deaths within 0-90 days) were estimated by nights in hospital up to two years prior cancer diagnosis and diagnoses within specific main diagnostic categories using logistic regression. Children hospitalized ≥14 nights within 2 years−14 days and 3 months−14 days before cancer diagnosis faced elevated ORs of early mortality (4.6, 95% CI 3.2–6.4; 4.4, 2.9–6.7). The association was not explained by maternal education. Early mortality was associated with diagnoses within several diagnostic categories prior to cancer diagnosis, including infectious (OR 1.5, 95% CI 1.1–2.0) and endocrine diseases (OR 1.6, 95% CI 1.02–2.5), blood (OR 3.3, 95% CI 2.1–5.1) and digestive disorders (OR 1.9, 95% CI 1.4–2.6), and symptoms with no specific diagnosis (OR 1.4, 95% CI 1.1–8). Children with increased time in hospital before cancer diagnosis had a higher risk for early mortality, which indicates underlying health vulnerabilities or pre-existing fragility in this population.","PeriodicalId":9243,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Cancer","volume":"135 8","pages":"1298-1305"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148577217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Routine duodenal papillary biopsy enhances detection of duodenal papillary adenoma in familial adenomatous polyposis patients: a prospective cohort study 一项前瞻性队列研究：家族性腺瘤性息肉病患者常规十二指肠乳头状腺瘤活检可提高十二指肠乳头状腺瘤的检出率。

IF 7.8 1区医学

British Journal of Cancer Pub Date : 2026-07-22 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-026-03549-0

Wei-Na Jing, Bin-Yang Luo, Fei-Fan Chen, Ruo-Ting Men, Xue Xiao, Kai Deng, Jin-Lin Yang, Zhu Wang

{"title":"Routine duodenal papillary biopsy enhances detection of duodenal papillary adenoma in familial adenomatous polyposis patients: a prospective cohort study","authors":"Wei-Na Jing, Bin-Yang Luo, Fei-Fan Chen, Ruo-Ting Men, Xue Xiao, Kai Deng, Jin-Lin Yang, Zhu Wang","doi":"10.1038/s41416-026-03549-0","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41416-026-03549-0","url":null,"abstract":"Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) confers high periampullary malignancy risk. Early detection remains challenging. This prospective cohort study evaluated whether protocolized routine biopsy improves adenoma detection regardless of endoscopic appearance. Fifty-one FAP patients underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy with protocolized routine duodenal papilla biopsies, independent of macroscopic findings. Comprehensive data collection included demographics, endoscopic characteristics, Spigelman staging, and complications. Histological diagnoses were confirmed, and statistical analyses identified adenoma-associated factors. Ampullary adenomas were detected in 62.75% (32/51). Crucially, 53.13% (17/32) occurred in endoscopically normal papillae, while 84.38% (27/32) of adenoma patients had prior negative endoscopic screenings. Beyond Spigelman stage, significant correlations with papilla adenomas included combined gastric antral adenomas (R = 0.470, p = 0.037), use of transparent cap (R = 0.691, p = 0.003), and abnormal papillary appearance (R = 0.885, p < 0.001). Subgroup analysis of normal-appearing papillae further confirmed significant associations for occult adenoma detection with use of transparent cap (R = 0.846, p < 0.001), increased papilla size (R = 0.481, p = 0.003), higher Spigelman stage (R = 0.672, p = 0.004), and combined antral adenomas (R = 0.753, p = 0.011). Routine papilla biopsy significantly improves adenoma detection in FAP patients, especially with transparent caps. Gastric antral adenomas serve as potential predictors of ampullary neoplasia, supporting their integration into risk-adapted surveillance strategies. This trial has been prospectively registered in Chinese Clinical Trial Registry: ChiCTR2300077846.","PeriodicalId":9243,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Cancer","volume":"135 8","pages":"1276-1285"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148560920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Non-invasive biomarkers for early oral cancer detection through multiomics approach 通过多组学方法检测早期口腔癌的无创生物标志物。

IF 7.8 1区医学

British Journal of Cancer Pub Date : 2026-07-21 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-026-03540-9

Tarun Prakash Verma, Siddharth Singh, Sreenath Meloth, Neha Chaudhary, Paniki Nad, Anjali Chaudhary, Rajesh Chandramohanadas, Deepak Agrawal, Hem Chandra Jha

{"title":"Non-invasive biomarkers for early oral cancer detection through multiomics approach","authors":"Tarun Prakash Verma, Siddharth Singh, Sreenath Meloth, Neha Chaudhary, Paniki Nad, Anjali Chaudhary, Rajesh Chandramohanadas, Deepak Agrawal, Hem Chandra Jha","doi":"10.1038/s41416-026-03540-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41416-026-03540-9","url":null,"abstract":"Non-invasive biomarker-based approaches are urgently needed to support early identification and monitoring of Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and its precursor, oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF). We employed combined metabolomic and proteomic analyses to profile saliva and lesion surface swabs from clinically diagnosed OSCC (n = 15), OSMF (n = 20), and healthy controls (n = 27). Polar and nonpolar metabolites were extracted separately from saliva, while proteins were isolated from exfoliated mucosal epithelial cells. Differential expression, pathway enrichment, and biomarker classification were performed across four comparisons: OSCC vs non-OSCC (controls + OSMF), OSCC vs OSMF, OSMF vs control, and OSCC vs control. Distinct molecular changes were observed across the health-to-cancer spectrum. Top discriminatory salivary metabolites included linoelaidic acid, gamma-glutamylcysteine, and 3-hydroxybutyryl-CoA, implicating dysregulated linoleic acid metabolism, redox imbalance, and fatty acid β-oxidation in pathogenesis. Proteomic data revealed significant upregulation of histone variants, cytoskeletal keratins, and BPI-fold-containing proteins in OSCC, reflecting chromatin remodelling and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Multivariate biomarker panels achieved high accuracy (AUC ≥ 0.96) for classifying OSMF from OSCC. Our combined metabolomic and proteomic profiling revealed non-invasive molecular signatures for early detection and monitoring of OSCC and OSMF.","PeriodicalId":9243,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Cancer","volume":"135 8","pages":"1315-1327"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148547911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The effect of older age and stage on risk of recurrence and mortality following curative resection, in a national cohort of patients with colorectal cancer 在全国结直肠癌患者队列中，年龄和分期对治愈性切除后复发和死亡风险的影响。

IF 7.8 1区医学

British Journal of Cancer Pub Date : 2026-07-21 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-026-03553-4

Orouba Almilaji, Kate Walker, Jan Van Der Meulen, Nicola Fearnhead, Michael Braun, Linda D. Sharples

{"title":"The effect of older age and stage on risk of recurrence and mortality following curative resection, in a national cohort of patients with colorectal cancer","authors":"Orouba Almilaji, Kate Walker, Jan Van Der Meulen, Nicola Fearnhead, Michael Braun, Linda D. Sharples","doi":"10.1038/s41416-026-03553-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41416-026-03553-4","url":null,"abstract":"Older patients are routinely excluded from clinical research, limiting understanding of recurrence and mortality in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients over 75 who undergo curative major resection. Using linked data from national cancer, treatment and administrative datasets, we estimated recurrence, CRC-related and non-CRC mortality to 5 years after surgery for patients selected for curative resection in England between 2014 and 2020, who survived >9months. Recurrence was defined using diagnostic and treatment codes. 50,480 patients had curative resection, 15,496 (30.7%) aged >75. Recurrence-free survival at 5-years after resection was 66.2% (95%CI: 65.4%, 67.0%) for patients aged >75 and 77.4% (77.0%, 77.9%) for patients aged 18-75. By 5-years, 13.3% (12.7%, 13.9%) of the older group had died from CRC and 14.2% (13.6%, 14.8%) from non-CRC causes, compared with 7.7% (7.4%, 8.0%) and 3.6% (3.4%, 3.8%) respectively in the younger group. Recurrence-free survival was 22% lower for cancer stage 3 versus stage 1, and 12–13% lower for patients aged >75 versus ≤75. Cancer stage was the strongest predictor of recurrence and CRC-related death. In patients selected for surgery, those aged>75 had similar recurrence risk to younger patients, but higher risk of death following recurrence, and were as likely to die from other causes as from CRC.","PeriodicalId":9243,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Cancer","volume":"135 8","pages":"1267-1275"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41416-026-03553-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148547938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Reply to ‘Clarifying causal and translational inference in studies of ambient PM2.5 and lung cancer’ 回复“澄清环境PM2.5与肺癌研究的因果关系和转化推理”。

IF 7.8 1区医学

British Journal of Cancer Pub Date : 2026-07-20 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-026-03554-3

Rawan A. N. Alhattab, Jennifer M. McKinley, Ruth F. Hunter, Claire M. Delargy, Sara M. Wallace, Damien Bennett, Deirdre Fitzpatrick, Helen Mitchell, Bernadette McGuinness, Angela Scott, Gareth McKay, Liacine Bouaoun, Valerie McCormack, Daniel R. S. Middleton

引用次数: 0

A prospective national precision medicine trial evaluating the feasibility of blood-based molecular profiling in patients with Cancer of Unknown Primary (CUP-COMP) 一项前瞻性国家精准医学试验评估了基于血液的未知原发癌症（CUP-COMP）患者分子谱分析的可行性。

IF 7.8 1区医学

British Journal of Cancer Pub Date : 2026-07-20 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-026-03519-6

Alicia-Marie Conway, Matthew Robinson, Matthew Concannon, Sally Clive, Tania Tillett, Kai-Keen Shiu, Louise Medley, Sonali Dasgupta, Eliyaz Ahmed, Kelly Warrington, Usman Mahmood, Zoulikha Zair, Tess Gillham, Aaron Davis, Julie-Anne Scott, Alison Taylor, Mark Stares, Claire Mitchell, Pedro Oliviera, George J. Burghel, Natalie Cook

{"title":"A prospective national precision medicine trial evaluating the feasibility of blood-based molecular profiling in patients with Cancer of Unknown Primary (CUP-COMP)","authors":"Alicia-Marie Conway, Matthew Robinson, Matthew Concannon, Sally Clive, Tania Tillett, Kai-Keen Shiu, Louise Medley, Sonali Dasgupta, Eliyaz Ahmed, Kelly Warrington, Usman Mahmood, Zoulikha Zair, Tess Gillham, Aaron Davis, Julie-Anne Scott, Alison Taylor, Mark Stares, Claire Mitchell, Pedro Oliviera, George J. Burghel, Natalie Cook","doi":"10.1038/s41416-026-03519-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41416-026-03519-6","url":null,"abstract":"Cancer of Unknown Primary (CUP) is an aggressive malignancy with poor patient outcomes. For most patients, the primary site remains elusive, limiting therapeutic options to non-specific chemotherapy. The CUP-COMP study (NCT04750109) assessed the feasibility of integrating molecular profiling with a National Molecular Tumour Board (MTB) into the treatment pathway of patients with CUP. Patients with histologically confirmed CUP were recruited from seven UK sites. Blood- and/or tissue-based molecular profiling was performed with results interpreted via an MTB identifying potentially actionable alterations (PAA). Retrospective tissue and blood alteration analysis assessed concordance and utility. 113/117 patients recruited between June 2021 and February 2023 completed 12 months of follow-up. Of 115 patients with successful molecular profiling, blood-based profiling was more successful (93%) than tissue-based (61%). The MTB identified PAAs in 63% (73/115), with 26% (31/117) treated using a precision medicine (PM) approach. Primary tumours were subsequently confirmed/suspected in 41 patients. Median overall survival (OS) was 9.5 months. Detecting a PAA in blood was impacted by tumour fraction (33% of patients had a tumour fraction <1%). CUP-COMP demonstrates liquid biopsies are highly feasible in CUP. While tissue profiling remains preferable, blood-based profiling offers a timely viable alternative to tissue, especially in selected patients.","PeriodicalId":9243,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Cancer","volume":"135 8","pages":"1255-1266"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41416-026-03519-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148535343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Overall survival according to timing of immune checkpoint inhibitors administration in patients with advanced cancer: results from a large single-centre cohort analysis 晚期癌症患者免疫检查点抑制剂给药时间的总生存率：来自大型单中心队列分析的结果

IF 7.8 1区医学

British Journal of Cancer Pub Date : 2026-07-18 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-026-03494-y

Tommaso Bosetti, Oliver John Kennedy, Raffaele Califano, Tom Waddell, Rob Metcalf, Sophia Kreft, Rebecca Lee, Paul Lorigan

{"title":"Overall survival according to timing of immune checkpoint inhibitors administration in patients with advanced cancer: results from a large single-centre cohort analysis","authors":"Tommaso Bosetti, Oliver John Kennedy, Raffaele Califano, Tom Waddell, Rob Metcalf, Sophia Kreft, Rebecca Lee, Paul Lorigan","doi":"10.1038/s41416-026-03494-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41416-026-03494-y","url":null,"abstract":"Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionised cancer treatment. Previous studies suggested that early time-of-day administration is associated with better outcomes. We performed a retrospective study in patients treated at a large tertiary cancer centre. Patients receiving ICIs between January 2018 and December 2023 were grouped according to whether they had ≥50% (“late group”) or <50% (“early group”) of cycles after the median time of all treatments. The endpoint was overall survival (OS). Hazard ratios (HRs) were estimated using Cox models with and without time-dependent variables. 2631 patients with advanced/metastatic lung cancer (45%), melanoma (23%), renal carcinoma (18%), head and neck (9%), and urothelial cancer (5%) were included. Median age was 68.2 years and median infusion time was 12:49 h. At a median follow-up of 32 months, median OS was 13.1 (95% CI 11.8–14.4) vs 21.4 (19.8–24.5) months for late and early group. Late group was associated with shorter OS on both the standard analysis (HR 1.48, 1.33–1.63) and the time-dependent model (HR 1.30, 1.16–1.44). This study provides further evidence in favour of early ICIs administration with a large sample size and a time-dependent model, which reduces the risk of immortal time bias. Data from randomised trials are required to confirm these findings.","PeriodicalId":9243,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Cancer","volume":"135 8","pages":"1240-1246"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41416-026-03494-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148497031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0