Global journal of reproductive medicine最新文献

{"title":"Is addition of N-Acetyl Cysteine to Clomiphene Citrate Beneficial for Ovulation Induction in Anovulatory Infertility?","authors":"N. Garg","doi":"10.19080/gjorm.2019.06.555697","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/gjorm.2019.06.555697","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Anovulation is the major cause of infertility; seen in around 15% of infertile couples and in 40% of women with infertility. Clomiphene citrate has been the gold standard drug for ovulation induction in anovulatory infertility. However, as a singular drug it is not equally effective in all situations. The introduction of an anti-oxidant, N- acetyl cysteine to ovarian stimulation has proven to have many benefits. Objective: To compare the efficacy of combination of clomiphene citrate with N-acetyl cysteine vs clomiphene citrate alone for augmenting ovulation in anovulatory infertility cases. Materials and Method: 117 cases of primary and secondary infertility with anovulation were taken after ruling out other causes of infertility. Patency of bilateral fallopian tubes were confirmed by hysterosalphingography or laparoscopic chromopertubation or sonosalphingography. Their male partners were confirmed to have adequate seminal parameters according to WHO guidelines. Cases were randomized into two groups. Starting on day 3 of menstrual cycle, group CC-NAC (56 patients) were given tablet clomiphene citrate 100mg/day and tablet N-acetyl cysteine 1200mg/day orally and group CC (61patients) were given tablet clomiphene citrate alone 100mg/day for 5 days. Transvaginal ultrasound on day 14th- 16th of the cycle were done for follow up. Advice for timed intercourse daily around the time of ovulation was given. Main outcomes like number and size of growing follicles, endometrial thickness, ovulation rate and pregnancy rate were compared. Results: Ovulation and conception rate were higher in CC-NAC group (96.42%;72.22%) than with CC group (90.16%; 34.54%); (p=0.23; p<0.01 respectively). Endometrial thickness was found to be higher in CC-NAC group (12.19 ± 1.36mm) as compared to CC group (10.17 ± 1.01mm). Clinical pregnancy rate was 94.87% in the combination group which was statistically higher than in CC group (78.94%); p< <0.001. with addition of NAC, lesser cases of multiple pregnancy and miscarriage rates (12.82%; 5.12%) than in CC group (31.57%; 21.05%); = 0.06. However, our study was limited to 3 treatment cycles. No cases of ovarian hyperstimulation were reported. Conclusion: N-acetyl cysteine may be a novel adjuvant to clomiphene citrate, more effective than clomiphene citrate alone in inducing and augmenting ovulation. It could be used as an alternative to other insulin sensitizing agents like metformin. The Spearman’s Rank correlation analysis were done which show highly positive correlation (ρ=0.8) between clomiphene citrate – N-acetyl cysteine and number of pregnancies and weak correlation (ρ<0.1) between clomiphene citrate and number of pregnancies in our study. The outcome in terms of number of pregnancies","PeriodicalId":92369,"journal":{"name":"Global journal of reproductive medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45311570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reproductive Factors of Dengue and Chlamydia","authors":"Mamata Sherpa Awasthi","doi":"10.19080/gjorm.2019.06.555695","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/gjorm.2019.06.555695","url":null,"abstract":"Dengue is a common mosquito borne infectious disease often occurring in tropical and subtropical climates caused by single stranded positive RNA viruses (DENV1-4) of the genus Flavivarus and family Flaviviridae while Chlamydia is a STD commonly prevalent in industrialized countries and is caused by Chlamydia trachomatis, a gram negative bacteria. Reproductive Factor R 0 : The R 0 of any infection is the average number of cases a single infected case can generate during its infectious period in an infection free population and is influenced by several factors including number of contacts with an infected population, infective duration of patients, and infectiousness of the causative organism. The R 0 for dengue varies with temperature and increases during outbreaks. The R 0 for dengue in urban Australian settings will most likely be <1 although it has a tendency to be >1 during outbreaks. Dengue infections for people in urban Australian setting is mostly attributed to travels to dengue endemic areas mainly South East Asia (Thailand, Indonesia, Philippines) as preferred destinations which are major sources of dengue outbreaks. The R 0 for Chlamydia is difficult to calculate due to longer duration of infectivity, changing rates of partners and constant change in population over time. R 0 being more than 1 if it is not traced early and treated. Its prevention has been adversely affected by various social, environmental and behavioral factors.","PeriodicalId":92369,"journal":{"name":"Global journal of reproductive medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46842759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Results of Xenform® Matrix Repair in Treatment of Pelvic Organ Prolapse- A Four Year Study","authors":"A. Singla","doi":"10.19080/gjorm.2019.06.555696","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/gjorm.2019.06.555696","url":null,"abstract":"Pelvic organ prolapse is a common gynaecological disorder with a 11 % life time risk of requiring at least one surgery to correct prolapse. Approximately, one third of these women face the risk of needing surgery for recurrent prolapse [1]. The Women’s Health Initiative (WHI) study demonstrated post hysterectomy prevalence of cystocoele of 32.9% and rectocele of 18.3% [2]. Similar rates were shown to be prevalent in women with uterus and rate of uterine prolapse was 14.2% [2]. There has been an ongoing clinical need for various materials to reinforce the native tissues to optimise the prolapse repair with particular emphasis to reduce the recurrence [3-30].","PeriodicalId":92369,"journal":{"name":"Global journal of reproductive medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45400719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Long-Term Progression Free Survival After the Combination of Radiotherapy with Concurrent Chemotherapy of Nimotuzumab And Temozolomide Followed Adjuvant Temozolomide In Recurrent Anaplastic Astrocytoma","authors":"Xiaoqian Xie","doi":"10.19080/gjorm.2019.06.555694","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/gjorm.2019.06.555694","url":null,"abstract":"The management of recurrent high-grade gliomas is highly challenging, and treatment outcome remains invariably poor. High-grade gliomas (HGGs) are highly malignant tumor, which complete surgical resection of all microscopic extensions cannot be always achieved. All high-grade gliomas nearly recur and survival following disease progression is doomed to be approximately 6 months for GBMs and 10 months for anaplastic gliomas. Therapy options for recurrent HGGs are limited and may include surgery, re-irradiation, chemotherapy and targeted therapy. We present a case of a 33-year-old male with recurrent anaplastic astrocytoma after initial surgery. The patient underwent the treatment of radiation therapy with concurrent chemotherapy of nimotuzumab and oral temozolomide for 6 weeks followed by six cycles of adjuvant temozolomide for tumor local recurrences, and the patient still do not relapse with a long-term progression free survival lasting seven years. The median survival in patients with recurrent anaplastic astrocytoma is usually 10 months after recurrence, and this unique case illustrates that comprehensive therapy can achieve long-term survival in select situations. We recommend that the treatment of each recurrent patient should be based on each clinical situation and aspire for quality of life and improved longevity.","PeriodicalId":92369,"journal":{"name":"Global journal of reproductive medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47407100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Facility Readiness Assessment for Implementationof Adolescent and Youth Health Care Service in Central Zone, Southern Ethiopia","authors":"Achamyelesh Gebretsadik","doi":"10.19080/gjorm.2019.06.555693","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/gjorm.2019.06.555693","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":92369,"journal":{"name":"Global journal of reproductive medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49028147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Laparoscopic Reversal of Tubal Ligation – A Minimally Invasive Option for Restoring Natural Fertility","authors":"S. Yeo","doi":"10.19080/gjorm.2019.06.555692","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/gjorm.2019.06.555692","url":null,"abstract":"Tubal sterilization is a common form of contraception which can be associated with regret and requests to restore fertility. Options for such patients include surgical reversal and in vitro fertilization (IVF). The gold standard for surgical reversal previously was laparotomy and microsurgery, however recent advances in laparoscopy have allowed minimally invasive surgery to be offered in selected patients with good outcomes.","PeriodicalId":92369,"journal":{"name":"Global journal of reproductive medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45543754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metformin Reduces the Extent of Varicocele-Induced Damage in Testicular Tissue","authors":"E. Erdem","doi":"10.19080/gjorm.2019.06.555691","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/gjorm.2019.06.555691","url":null,"abstract":"Varicocele is a medical condition where retrograde flow of blood leads to increased hydrostatic pressure in testicular veins and the prevalence of varicocele is predicted to vary between 30 to 40% in infertile men. Metformin, major therapeutic agent in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus, was shown to reduce oxidative stress and apoptosis in renal tubular epithelial cells and testis of animal models. However potential protective effects of metformin against varicocele-induced testicular damage has not been studied. We investigated the impact of metformin on spermatogenesis assessed with Johnsen score, seminiferous tubule integrity and apoptotic activity assessed with the expression of cleaved caspase 3 activity. A total of 36 male Wistar rats (6-week-old) were divided into six groups (n=6 for each group); (C) control group, S (sham group), V (varicocele-only group), V+M (varicocele + metformin group), V/E (varicocele + varicocelectomy group), V/E+M (varicocele + varicocelectomy + metformin group). Metformin administration improved spermatogenesis, seminiferous tubule integrity and reduced apoptotic activity as manifested by the decreased expression of cleaved caspase 3 in rats with varicocele. However, metformin did not exhibit any additional benefit on these parameters in varicocelectomies rats. As conclusion, metformin treatment reduced the extent of damage to spermatogenesis in rats with varicocele, although no additional benefit was detected when administered following varicocele surgery.","PeriodicalId":92369,"journal":{"name":"Global journal of reproductive medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44305444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sentinel Lymph Node Detection In Patients With Cervical Cancer","authors":"Yasmina José Gutiérrez","doi":"10.19080/gjorm.2019.06.555689","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/gjorm.2019.06.555689","url":null,"abstract":"We investigated the validity of sentinel lymph node (SLN) detection after radioactive isotope and/or blue dye injection in patients with cervical cancer. Between December 2013 and September 2018, 15 patients with cervical cancer FIGO stage I, II and II under went SLN detection during primary operation (radical laparoscopic hysterectomy) or in patients with non surgical stages to determine the condition of the nodes before radiotherapy. The detection rate of SLN was 100%. The false-positive rate was 0%. After the combined injection, the detection rate, especifcity, and positive predictive values were 100%. A mean of 2.7 pelvic SLNs were detected. We conclude that the combination of radioactively labeled albumin with blue dye allows successful detection of SLN in patients with cervical cancer. The clinical validity of this technique must be evaluated prospectively.","PeriodicalId":92369,"journal":{"name":"Global journal of reproductive medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68373303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Silent Somatotropic Adenoma and Pregnancy: About A Case","authors":"Sara Askaoui","doi":"10.19080/gjorm.2018.06.555687","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/gjorm.2018.06.555687","url":null,"abstract":"Somatotropic adenomas are classically a source of hypersecretion of growth hormone (GH) and consequently of insulin growth factor 1 (IGF1) and responsible of the clinical signs of acromegaly. Rarely, these adenomas remain “silent”, without any obvious clinical manifestation. They can then be screened on the basis of a systematic assay of growth hormone under oral glucose tolerance test (GH/ OGTT) and IGF1 or can be diagnosed only in the immunohistochemical study as in the case of a patient we report and the evolution of her disease during pregnancy.","PeriodicalId":92369,"journal":{"name":"Global journal of reproductive medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42016336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maternal and Foetal Outcomes Following Intra-Partum Complementary and Alternative Medicine ingestion: A Prospective Cohort Study","authors":"Joel Noutakdie Tochie","doi":"10.19080/gjorm.2018.06.555685","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/gjorm.2018.06.555685","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":92369,"journal":{"name":"Global journal of reproductive medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43957272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}