BMJ Open Gastroenterology最新文献

{"title":"Misoprostol for non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: a randomised control trial.","authors":"Mehreen Siyal, Zaigham Abbas, Muhammad Ali Qadeer, Alina Saeed, Usman Ali, Ambrina Khatoon","doi":"10.1136/bmjgast-2023-001342","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bmjgast-2023-001342","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The management of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is an unmet clinical need. Misoprostol, a structural analogue of naturally occurring prostaglandin E1, has been reported to decrease proinflammatory cytokine production and may have a potential role in treating NASH. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of misoprostol in treating patients with NASH.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this phase 2, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial, patients with NASH were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive 200 µg of misoprostol or placebo thrice daily for 2 months. The primary endpoint was an improvement in liver function tests (LFTs), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and endotoxin levels. The secondary endpoint was improvement in insulin resistance, dyslipidaemia, hepatic fibrosis and hepatic steatosis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 50 patients underwent randomisation, of whom 44 (88%) were males. The age range was 25-64 years (mean±SE of mean (SEM) 38.1±1.4). 19 (38%) patients had concomitant type 2 diabetes mellitus. 32 (64%) patients were either overweight or obese. At the end of 2 months' treatment, a reduction in total leucocyte count (TLC) (p=0.005), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (p<0.001), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (p=0.002) and controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) (p=0.003) was observed in the misoprostol group, whereas placebo ensued a decline in ALT (p<0.001), AST (p=0.018), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) (p=0.003), CAP (p=0.010) and triglycerides (p=0.048). There was no diminution in insulin resistance, hepatic fibrosis (elastography) and dyslipidaemia in both groups. However, misoprostol resulted in a significant reduction in CAP as compared with the placebo group (p=0.039). Moreover, in the misoprostol group, pretreatment and post-treatment IL-6 and endotoxin levels remained stable, while in the placebo group, an increase in the IL-6 levels was noted (p=0.049). Six (12%) patients had at least one adverse event in the misoprostol group, as did five (10%) in the placebo group. The most common adverse event in the misoprostol group was diarrhoea. No life-threatening events or treatment-related deaths occurred in each group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Improvement in the biochemical profile was seen in both misoprostol and placebo groups without any statistically significant difference. However, there was more improvement in steatosis, as depicted by CAP, in the misoprostol group and worsening of IL-6 levels in the placebo group.</p><p><strong>Trial registration number: </strong>NCT05804305.</p>","PeriodicalId":9235,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Open Gastroenterology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11167449/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141283026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Automatic three-dimensional reconstruction of the oesophagus in achalasia patients undergoing POEM: an innovative approach for evaluating treatment outcomes.","authors":"Vivian Grünherz, Alanna Ebigbo, Miriam Elia, Alessandra Brunner, Tamara Krafft, Leo Pöller, Pia Schneider, Fabian Stieler, Bernhard Bauer, Anna Muzalyova, Helmut Messmann, Sandra Nagl","doi":"10.1136/bmjgast-2024-001396","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bmjgast-2024-001396","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>Peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) is a standard treatment option for achalasia patients. Treatment response varies due to factors such as achalasia type, degree of dilatation, pressure and distensibility indices. We present an innovative approach for treatment response prediction based on an automatic three-dimensional (3-D) reconstruction of the tubular oesophagus (TE) and the lower oesophageal sphincter (LES) in patients undergoing POEM for achalasia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A software was developed, integrating data from high-resolution manometry, timed barium oesophagogram and endoscopic images to automatically generate 3-D reconstructions of the TE and LES. Novel normative indices for TE (volume×pressure) and LES (volume/pressure) were automatically integrated, facilitating pre-POEM and post-POEM comparisons. Treatment response was evaluated by changes in volumetric and pressure indices for the TE and the LES before as well as 3 and 12 months after POEM. In addition, these values were compared with normal value indices of non-achalasia patients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>50 treatment-naive achalasia patients were enrolled prospectively. The mean TE index decreased significantly (p<0.0001) and the mean LES index increased significantly 3 months post-POEM (p<0.0001). In the 12-month follow-up, no further significant change of value indices between 3 and 12 months post-POEM was seen. 3 months post-POEM mean LES index approached the mean LES of the healthy control group (p=0.077).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>3-D reconstruction provides an interactive, dynamic visualisation of the oesophagus, serving as a comprehensive tool for evaluating treatment response. It may contribute to refining our approach to achalasia treatment and optimising treatment outcomes.</p><p><strong>Trial registration number: </strong>22-0149.</p>","PeriodicalId":9235,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Open Gastroenterology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11167450/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141283025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring factors influencing quality of life variability among individuals with coeliac disease: an online survey.","authors":"Martha Elwenspoek, Jonathan Banks, Prajakta Pratap Desale, Jessica Watson, Penny Whiting","doi":"10.1136/bmjgast-2024-001395","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bmjgast-2024-001395","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Patients with coeliac disease (CD) need to follow a strict gluten-free diet to manage symptoms and prevent complications. Restrictions imposed by the diet can be challenging and affect quality of life (QoL). We explored sources of variation in QoL among patients with CD.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>We conducted an online survey of coeliac patients in the UK, including a CD-specific QoL tool (CD-QOL V.1.0), questions on diet adherence and an optional comment box at the end. The survey was disseminated via social media and went live between January and March 2021. We performed multiple linear regression and free text analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found a median CD-QOL score of 61 (IQR 44-76, range 4-100, n=215) suggesting good QoL (Good >59); however, the individual QoL scores varied significantly. Regression analyses showed that people who found diet adherence difficult and people adhering very strictly had a lower QoL. Free text comments suggested that people who adhered very strictly may do so because they have symptoms with minimal gluten exposure. People who found diet adherence difficult may be people who only recently started the diet and were still adjusting to its impact. Comments also highlighted that individuals with CD often perceive a lack of adequate follow-up care and support after diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Better support and follow-up care is needed for people with CD to help them adjust to a gluten-free diet and minimise the impact on their QoL. Better education and increased awareness are needed among food businesses regarding cross-contamination to reduce anxiety and accidental gluten exposure.</p>","PeriodicalId":9235,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Open Gastroenterology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11149133/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141236890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations between prior healthcare use, time to diagnosis, and clinical outcomes in inflammatory bowel disease: a nationally representative population-based cohort study.","authors":"Nishani Jayasooriya, Sonia Saxena, Jonathan Blackwell, Alex Bottle, Hanna Creese, Irene Petersen, Richard C G Pollok","doi":"10.1136/bmjgast-2024-001371","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bmjgast-2024-001371","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Timely diagnosis and treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) may improve clinical outcomes.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Examine associations between time to diagnosis, patterns of prior healthcare use, and clinical outcomes in IBD.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Using the Clinical Practice Research Datalink we identified incident cases of Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), diagnosed between January 2003 and May 2016, with a first primary care gastrointestinal consultation during the 3-year period prior to IBD diagnosis. We used multivariable Cox regression to examine the association of primary care consultation frequency (n=1, 2, >2), annual consultation intensity, hospitalisations for gastrointestinal symptoms, and time to diagnosis with a range of key clinical outcomes following diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified 2645 incident IBD cases (CD: 782; UC: 1863). For CD, >2 consultations were associated with intestinal surgery (adjusted HR (aHR)=2.22, 95% CI 1.45 to 3.39) and subsequent CD-related hospitalisation (aHR=1.80, 95% CI 1.29 to 2.50). For UC, >2 consultations were associated with corticosteroid dependency (aHR=1.76, 95% CI 1.28 to 2.41), immunomodulator use (aHR=1.68, 95% CI 1.24 to 2.26), UC-related hospitalisation (aHR=1.43, 95% CI 1.05 to 1.95) and colectomy (aHR=2.01, 95% CI 1.22 to 3.27). For CD, hospitalisation prior to diagnosis was associated with CD-related hospitalisation (aHR=1.30, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.68) and intestinal surgery (aHR=1.71, 95% CI 1.13 to 2.58); for UC, it was associated with immunomodulator use (aHR=1.42, 95% CI 1.11 to 1.81), UC-related hospitalisation (aHR=1.36, 95% CI 1.06 to 1.95) and colectomy (aHR=1.54, 95% CI 1.01 to 2.34). For CD, consultation intensity in the year before diagnosis was associated with CD-related hospitalisation (aHR=1.19, 95% CI 1.12 to 1.28) and intestinal surgery (aHR=1.13, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.23); for UC, it was associated with corticosteroid use (aHR=1.08, 95% CI 1.04 to 1.13), corticosteroid dependency (aHR=1.05, 95% CI 1.00 to 1.11), and UC-related hospitalisation (aHR=1.12, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.21). For CD, time to diagnosis was associated with risk of CD-related hospitalisation (aHR=1.03, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.68); for UC, it was associated with reduced risk of UC-related hospitalisation (aHR=0.83, 95% CI 0.70 to 0.98) and colectomy (aHR=0.59, 95% CI 0.43 to 0.80).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Electronic records contain valuable information about patterns of healthcare use that can be used to expedite timely diagnosis and identify aggressive forms of IBD.</p>","PeriodicalId":9235,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Open Gastroenterology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11131120/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141157388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical, endoscopic and therapeutic features of bleeding Dieulafoy's lesions: case series and literature review.","authors":"Basma Aabdi, Ghizlane Kharrasse, Abdelkrim Zazour, Hajar Koulali, Ouiam Elmqaddem, Ismaili Zahi","doi":"10.1136/bmjgast-2023-001299","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bmjgast-2023-001299","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Dieulafoy's lesions (DLs) are a rare but potentially life-threatening source of gastrointestinal (GI) haemorrhage. They are responsible for roughly 1%-6.5% of all cases of acute non-variceal GI bleeding.Here, we describe retrospectively the clinical and endoscopic features, review the short-term and long-term outcomes of endoscopic management of bleeding DLs and we identify rate and risk factors, of recurrence and mortality in our endoscopic unit.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Data were collected from patients presenting with GI haemorrhagic secondary to DLs between January 2018 and August 2023. Patients' medical records as well as endoscopic databases were retrospectively reviewed. Demographic data, risk factors, bleeding site, outcomes of endoscopy techniques, recurrence and mortality rate were taken into account.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 1170 cases of GI bleeding, we identified only seven cases involving DLs. Median age was 74 years, with a male-to-female ratio of 2.5. 75% of patients had significant comorbidities, mainly cardiovascular diseases. Only anticoagulant and antiplatelet agents were significantly associated with DLs. All patients were presented with GI bleeding as their initial symptom. The initial endoscopy led to a diagnosis in 85% of the cases. Initial haemostasis was obtained in all patients treated endoscopically. Nevertheless, the study revealed early recurrence in two out of three patients treated solely with epinephrine injection or argon plasma coagulation. In contrast, one of three patients who received combined therapy, experienced late recurrence (average follow-up of 1 year). Pathological diagnosis was necessary in one case. One patient (14%) died of haemorrhagic shock. Average length of hospital stay was 3 days.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although rare, DLs may be responsible for active, recurrent and unexplained GI bleeding. Thanks to the emergence of endoscopic therapies, the recurrence rate has decreased and the prognosis has highly improved. Therefore, the endoscopic approach remains the first choice to manage bleeding DLs.</p>","PeriodicalId":9235,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Open Gastroenterology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11129027/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141092714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of antitumour necrosis factor therapy on surgery in inflammatory bowel disease: a population-based study.","authors":"A Barney Hawthorne, Bradley Arms-Williams, Rebecca Cannings-John, Richard C G Pollok, Alexander Berry, Philip Harborne, Anjali Trivedi","doi":"10.1136/bmjgast-2024-001373","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bmjgast-2024-001373","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>It is unclear whether widespread use of biologics is reducing inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) surgical resection rates. We designed a population-based study evaluating the impact of early antitumour necrosis factor (TNF) on surgical resection rates up to 5 years from diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>We evaluated all patients with IBD diagnosed in Cardiff, Wales 2005-2016. The primary measure was the impact of early (within 1 year of diagnosis) sustained (at least 3 months) anti-TNF compared with no therapy on surgical resection rates. Baseline factors were used to balance groups by propensity scores, with inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) methodology and removing immortal time bias. Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) with IBD unclassified (IBD-U) (excluding those with proctitis) were analysed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>1250 patients were studied. For CD, early sustained anti-TNF therapy was associated with a reduced likelihood of resection compared with no treatment (IPTW HR 0.29 (95% CI 0.13 to 0.65), p=0.003). In UC including IBD-U (excluding proctitis), there was an increase in the risk of colectomy for the early sustained anti-TNF group compared with no treatment (IPTW HR 4.6 (95% CI 1.9 to 10), p=0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Early sustained use of anti-TNF therapy is associated with reduced surgical resection rates in CD, but not in UC where there was a paradoxical increased surgery rate. This was because baseline clinical factors were less predictive of colectomy than anti-TNF usage. These data support the use of early introduction of anti-TNF therapy in CD whereas benefit in UC cannot be assessed by this methodology.</p>","PeriodicalId":9235,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Open Gastroenterology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11116861/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141080417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Population-level impact of the BMJ Rapid Recommendation for colorectal cancer screening: a microsimulation analysis.","authors":"Luuk A van Duuren, Jean-Luc Bulliard, Ella Mohr, Rosita van den Puttelaar, Ekaterina Plys, Karen Brändle, Douglas A Corley, Florian Froehlich, Kevin Selby, Iris Lansdorp-Vogelaar","doi":"10.1136/bmjgast-2024-001344","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bmjgast-2024-001344","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>In 2019, a BMJ Rapid Recommendation advised against colorectal cancer (CRC) screening for adults with a predicted 15-year CRC risk below 3%. Using Switzerland as a case study, we estimated the population-level impact of this recommendation.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>We predicted the CRC risk of all respondents to the population-based Swiss Health Survey. We derived the distribution of risk-based screening start age, assuming predicted risk was calculated every 5 years between ages 25 and 70 and screening started when this risk exceeded 3%. Next, the MISCAN-Colon microsimulation model evaluated biennial faecal immunochemical test (FIT) screening with this risk-based start age. As a comparison, we simulated screening initiation based on age and sex.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Starting screening only when predicted risk exceeded 3% meant 82% of women and 90% of men would not start screening before age 65 and 60, respectively. This would require 43%-57% fewer tests, result in 8%-16% fewer CRC deaths prevented and yield 19%-33% fewer lifeyears gained compared with screening from age 50. Screening women from age 65 and men from age 60 had a similar impact as screening only when predicted risk exceeded 3%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>With the recommended risk prediction tool, the population impact of the BMJ Rapid Recommendation would be similar to screening initiation based on age and sex only. It would delay screening initiation by 10-15 years. Although halving the screening burdens, screening benefits would be reduced substantially compared with screening initiation at age 50. This suggests that the 3% risk threshold to start CRC screening might be too high.</p>","PeriodicalId":9235,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Open Gastroenterology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11085988/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140897434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of prednisolone tapering on effectiveness of infliximab in patients with ulcerative colitis: data from a retrospective cohort","authors":"Pernille Dige Ovesen, Mohamed Attauabi, Johan F K F Ilvemark, Mads Damsgaard Wewer, David J Warren, Johan Burisch, Rolf A Klaasen, Nils Bolstad, Casper Steenholdt, Jakob Benedict Seidelin","doi":"10.1136/bmjgast-2024-001343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgast-2024-001343","url":null,"abstract":"Background and objective The influence of concomitant prednisolone on clinical outcomes and safety in infliximab-treated ulcerative colitis (UC) patients is unknown. Design, setting, participants and outcome measures A retrospective cohort study was performed, including 147 UC patients treated with infliximab at a tertiary inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) centre. Primary outcome was corticosteroid-free clinical remission (CFCR) at week 14 and week 52. Patients were grouped according to prednisolone tapering regimens: standard (≤5 mg/week), fast (>5 mg/week), direct discontinuation or no prednisolone. Patients intolerant to corticosteroids and patients stopping corticosteroids in preparation for surgery including colectomy during their initial admission were excluded. Results There was no overall association between prednisolone exposure or no exposure and CFCR at weeks 14 or 52 of infliximab. The proportion of patients with C reactive protein ≤5 mg/L was higher in the standard tapering at week 14 as compared with faster regimens or no prednisolone. In subgroup analyses, the standard tapering was associated with a higher rate of CFCR at week 14 compared with the fast-tapering regimen in patients receiving ≥40 mg prednisolone at initiation of infliximab (64.3% vs 26.3%, p=0.04) and among patients admitted with acute severe UC (66.6% vs 23.5%, p<0.05). Similar data were seen at week 52. Prednisolone did not affect infliximab trough levels but increased infection rates (10/77 vs 2/70, p=0.03), in particular C. difficile infection. Conclusion In UC patients with limited disease burden, prednisolone did not affect effectiveness of infliximab. However, patients with increased disease burden seem to benefit from corticosteroid combination therapy. Data are available upon reasonable request. The datasets used and/or analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.","PeriodicalId":9235,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Open Gastroenterology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140883213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increased rate of pancreatitis in gender diverse and transgender patients on hormone therapy: a case series study","authors":"Alexander Podboy, Catherine Casey, Ross C D Buerlein, Daniel S Strand, Vanessa M Shami, Andrew Y Wang","doi":"10.1136/bmjgast-2023-001312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgast-2023-001312","url":null,"abstract":"Background There is limited data on the incidence of gastrointestinal-specific pathology in gender non-conforming (GNC) populations. Methods Retrospective analysis of pancreatitis incidence rates in transgender and GNC persons exposed and not exposed to gender-affirming hormone therapy (GAHT). Results 7 of the 1333 patients on hormone therapy had an incidence of pancreatitis. 0 of the 615 patients with no history of GAHT use developed pancreatitis. Representing a 6.96 (95% CI 2.76 to 848.78) for the development of pancreatitis in patients with exposure to GAHT therapy. Conclusion Clinicians working with GNC individuals should be aware of this possible association Data are available upon reasonable request.","PeriodicalId":9235,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Open Gastroenterology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140636853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management of hepatorenal syndrome and associated outcomes: a systematic reviews","authors":"Jamshid Roozbeh, Shahrokh Ezzatzadegan Jahromi, Mohamad Hossein Rezazadeh, Anahid Hamidianjahromi, Leila Malekmakan","doi":"10.1136/bmjgast-2023-001319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgast-2023-001319","url":null,"abstract":"Background Hepatorenal syndrome (HRS), a multiorgan condition of acute kidney injury, is seen in advanced liver disease. This study aims to evaluate the current treatment for HRS. Methods The authors searched PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar literature. After quality assessment, 31 studies were included in this review. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses methodology and the population, intervention, comparison and outcome scheme were used. We included human-controlled trials that evaluate the current treatment for HRS. Two authors independently screened articles for inclusion, extracted data and assessed the quality of included studies. Results This study investigated the studies conducted on the effects of different treatments on follow-up of HRS patients. We gathered 440 articles, so 31 articles remained in our study. Of which 24 articles were conducted on terlipressin versus placebo or other treatments (midodrine/octreotide, norepinephrine, etc) that showed the higher rate of HRS reversal was detected for terlipressin in 17 studies (10 of them were significant), 2 studies achieved an insignificant lower rate of the model for end-stage liver disease score for terlipressin, 15 studies showed a decreased mortality rate in the terlipressin group (4 of them were significant). Conclusion This review showed that terlipressin has a significantly higher reversal rate of HRS than the other treatments. Even the results showed that terlipressin is more efficient than midodrine/octreotide and norepinephrine as a previous medication, in reverse HRS, increasing patient survival. All data relevant to the study are included in the article or uploaded as online supplemental information.","PeriodicalId":9235,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Open Gastroenterology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140612340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}