Journal of osteoporosis and physical activity最新文献

{"title":"Bone Strength, Skeletal Muscle Area, and Biochemical Markers Associated with Bone Metabolism in Patients with Fragility Distal Radius Fracture","authors":"S. Uchiyama, Shota Ikegami, M. Kamimura, Hideki Moriya, T. Akahane, K. Nonaka, T. Imaeda, H. Kato","doi":"10.4172/2329-9509.1000167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-9509.1000167","url":null,"abstract":"Distal radius fracture (DRF) is often the first fragility fracture that occurs in postmenopausal women and exhibits the high risk of future fragility fractures at the other skeletal sites. So far, the other factors rather than bone mineral density have not been well investigated. Our aim was to determine the characteristics of the patients with previous fragility DRFs. We enrolled 48 postmenopausal women with a history of fragility DRF (fracture group) and age-matched 96 healthy postmenopausal women volunteers (control group). Hip BMD of all the participants was obtained using DXA. Geometrical parameters and biomechanical indices of the femoral neck were obtained using quantitative CT. Using CT images, the cross-sectional area of the skeletal muscle and fat inside the fascia was calculated at the proximal thigh. Twelve biochemical markers and hormones associated with bone metabolism were also measured. Each parameter was compared between the patients and controls by analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by ANCOVA adjusting for femoral neck areal BMD. BMD of the femoral neck was significantly lower in the fracture group than the control, while skeletal muscle area was not. Femoral neck cortical thickness was significantly smaller and buckling ratio was significantly greater in the fracture group; however, after adjusting for BMD, the differences were no longer significant. Further, 25(OH)D, Urinary deoxypyridinoline (DPD), and serum and urinary pentosidine levels were significantly higher in the fracture group than in the control group; those differences remained significant after adjusting for BMD. The patients with previous DRFs exhibited lower BMD, which was not accompanied by lower skeletal muscle area or muscle strength. Further, bone metabolism alterations such as low 25(OH)D, high DPD, and high serum and urinary pentosidine levels were also observed in such patients, independent of the areal BMD determined by DXA. Level of Evidence: Prognotic Study.","PeriodicalId":92253,"journal":{"name":"Journal of osteoporosis and physical activity","volume":"4 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2329-9509.1000167","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70288551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low Back Pain among Nurses in a Tertiary Hospital, South India","authors":"N. Emmanuel, P. Ezhilarasu, Anu Bharathy Bheemarao","doi":"10.4172/2329-9509.1000161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-9509.1000161","url":null,"abstract":"A cross-sectional survey was carried out to assess the prevalence of Low Back Pain (LBP) among nurses, their risk status and association between LBP and selected demographic and clinical variables. The sample was female nurses between the age group of 20 and 60 years who could speak and write English, and willing to participate. A demographic proforma and a standardized screening tool for LBP were used for data collection. Approval for Institutional Review Board and written consent from participants was obtained. The completed forms (1284) were analysed, 53.4 % of the nurses had LBP and 17.1 % among them were at high risk status. There was a significant association (p<0.001) between LBP and age, body mass index, experience, and place of work. As LBP is common among nurses and nurses comprise majority of the health care professionals adequate precautions should be taken by the nurses to prevent low back pain. Periodic screening of nurses for low back pain and referring the high risk nurses for immediate medical assistance may prevent complications related to low back pain and improve the functional ability of the nurses. Regular education on good body postures, physical fitness and appropriate body mechanics may help in prevention of low back pain among nurses.","PeriodicalId":92253,"journal":{"name":"Journal of osteoporosis and physical activity","volume":"4 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2329-9509.1000161","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70288341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bone Loss and Physical Activity - A Bio Anthropological Perspective","authors":"S. Kirchengast","doi":"10.4172/2329-9509.1000164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-9509.1000164","url":null,"abstract":"Increased life expectancy on the one hand and dramatically reduced physical activity in daily life on the other hand are characteristic features of postmodern life. Consequently Homo sapiens is increasingly confronted with the problems associated with accelerated bone loss, osteoporosis and osteoporosis related fractures. This is true of Industrialised countries as well as of threshold countries. A major risk factor of osteoporosis and low bone mass is physical inactivity. Up to now, bone loss and osteoporosis are mainly focused on from a clinical viewpoint. In the present review a bioanthropological perspective of the association between physical inactivity and osteoporosis is provided. The problem is discussed from the viewpoint of life history theory, but also from the viewpoint of evolutionary biology, especially evolutionary medicine and paleopathology.","PeriodicalId":92253,"journal":{"name":"Journal of osteoporosis and physical activity","volume":"4 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2329-9509.1000164","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70288468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pedicle Screw Loosening Prediction in Patients with Degenerative Diseases of Lumbar Spine Using Bone Density Measured in Hounsfield Units","authors":"A. Bokov","doi":"10.4172/2329-9509.1000162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-9509.1000162","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Pedicle screw fixation is frequently applied to treat patient with degenerative diseases of lumbar spine and the reported rate of screw loosening may achieve the level of over 50% in case of osteoporosis. In this study, we hypothesized that a threshold of bone density in HU could be identified, below which the risk of pedicle screws loosening may be significantly increased. Materials and methods: This is a prospective non-randomized study of patients with degenerative diseases of lumbar spine that underwent spinal instrumentations with pedicle screw fixation, 110 patients were enrolled. Preoperatively computed tomography was administered and bone density of trabecular bone of vertebra body was measured. Standard intervention includes pedicle screw fixation, unilateral foraminotomy and transforaminal interbody fusion with cage and autograft. Minimal follow-up period accounted for 18 months, cases with evident pedicle screw loosening on CT scans were registered. Logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the relationship between bone density loss and probability of implant instability. Results: Logistic regression analysis demonstrated a strong inverse relationship between bone density measured in Hounsfield units and frequency of all cases of pedicle screws loosening. The obtained logistic regression equation analysis using derivatives of a high order showed a critical point of 81 HU that corresponds to the acceleration of total implant instability probability growth per unit of bone density loss. Conclusion: Bone density in HU can be used as a criterion for implant instability prediction as far as a strong relation has been estimated between screw loosening probability growth and the decrease in bone density. Breakpoint of 81 HU corresponds to the increased risk of pedicle screws instability development.","PeriodicalId":92253,"journal":{"name":"Journal of osteoporosis and physical activity","volume":"4 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2329-9509.1000162","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70288350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Do we Really Need A Comprehensive Us Assessment of Joints in Rheumatoid Arthritis on Biological Therapy","authors":"Ying Chen","doi":"10.4172/2329-9509.1000163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-9509.1000163","url":null,"abstract":"The assessment of joint inflammation is essential in diagnosis and in monitoring response to therapies in patients affected by inflammatory arthropathies, such as RA. For this purpose, use of musculoskeletal US, with application of the Power Doppler (PD) method, has been increasing over the past decade. Musculoskeletal US had been used in the diagnosis and monitoring of RA [1-3]. Many scoring methods have strived to reduce joint counts at B-mode and Doppler synovitis as surrogates for comprehensive US assessment for monitoring [4-7] or diagnosing RA [8]. It has been demonstrated that US assessment can be useful in the management of RA and in monitoring the course of the disease [9]. The application of US is helpful in such evaluations and is a complementary tool to classic methods used to detect RA, such as clinical evaluation and radiography, particularly when MCP, PIP and MTP joints are considered [10-12] .Naredo et al developed a predictive value of Doppler ultrasound-detected synovitis in relation to failed tapering of biologic therapy in patients with rheumatoid arthritis [13]. Evidence has confirmed that grey-scale and PD evaluation demonstrated the correlation between disease activity and degree of inflammation of synovial tissue [14,15]. US can be used in the evaluation of the response to biological drugs. Naredo et al. [16] found a significant improvement in US parameters in RA patients undergoing therapy with a TNF blocking agent. Thus, the US evaluation could be a valid method for monitoring response to biological therapy in RA patients. However, a comprehensive evaluation including multiple recesses of all accessible peripheral joints may be overly time consuming in daily practice and when conducting clinical trials. Which joints and synovial recesses are appropriate for studying and monitoring RA patients remains unknown.","PeriodicalId":92253,"journal":{"name":"Journal of osteoporosis and physical activity","volume":"4 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2329-9509.1000163","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70288407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EditorâÂÂs Note","authors":"Naglaa A. Hussein","doi":"10.4172/2329-9509.1000E112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-9509.1000E112","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":92253,"journal":{"name":"Journal of osteoporosis and physical activity","volume":"4 1","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70288925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Osteoporosis, Mineral Metabolism and Arthritis","authors":"Ahmed M Elmesiry","doi":"10.4172/2329-9509.1000165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-9509.1000165","url":null,"abstract":"Bone gives the potency and hardness of the skeleton in addition to play an important role in the storage of calcium and other mineral salts. It has a rich blood supply, contains connective tissue of cells in a fibrous organic matrix soaked in inorganic bone salts [1]. Bone is reported to be negatively feigned by several diseases as well as the therapy itself such as rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, ankylosing spondylitis and spondyloarthritides, and osteoarthritis [2]. The clinical importance of the bone is still not fully defined as most patients do not examined for bone densitometry in routine orthopedic work. This review focuses on the problem of osteoporosis and mineral metabolism in relation to different arthritis conditions. We must take in consideration that greater understanding of this problem will increase the health care level and rheumatic patients live.","PeriodicalId":92253,"journal":{"name":"Journal of osteoporosis and physical activity","volume":"4 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70288481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Importance of a Correct Diet in Preventing Osteoporosis","authors":"Pavone, G. Testa, F. Alberghina, Ludovico Lucenti, G. Sessa","doi":"10.4172/2329-9509.1000160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-9509.1000160","url":null,"abstract":"Osteoporosis is a very common bone disease characterized by low bone mass and micro architectural deterioration of bone tissue. It may result in high risk of bone fractures with impaired quality of life. The prevention of this disorder is based on an appropriate lifestyle and a proper diet. The correct supply of Vitamins D and K, protein, fatty acids and dietary components are notable factors that help maintain healthy bone structure. The effects of these elements have been briefly discussed and they have been shown to correlate to bone health.","PeriodicalId":92253,"journal":{"name":"Journal of osteoporosis and physical activity","volume":"3 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70288280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bone Health, ACE Gene I/D and ACTN3 Gene R577X Polymorphisms inSpanish And Different Asian Populations","authors":"F. Ooi, B. Zilfalil, Xiao Li","doi":"10.4172/2329-9509.1000158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-9509.1000158","url":null,"abstract":"Volume 3 • Isse 3 • 1000158 ACE is a component of circulating renin-angiotensin system (RAS) which influences circulatory homeostasis through the degradation of vasodilator kinins and generation of vasopressor angiotensin II (Ang II). It is a monomeric, membrane-bound, zincand chloridedependent peptidyl dipeptidase that catalyzes the conversion of decapeptide angiotensin I to octapeptide angiotensin II, by removing carboxy terminal dipeptide. In our opinion, it is worth to investigate whether it exerts genetic influence on the interaction among muscular system, circulating RAS and bone components, based on the fact that ACE I/D and ACTN3 R577X are two most common physical fitnessrelated variations, and the precise roles of ACE I/D and ACTN3 R577X polymorphisms on bone mineralization are still unclear.","PeriodicalId":92253,"journal":{"name":"Journal of osteoporosis and physical activity","volume":"3 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70288230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantity Does Not Reflect Quality- Musculoskeletal Health in Obese Peri- Pubertal Girls","authors":"K. Casazza","doi":"10.4172/2329-9509.1000157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-9509.1000157","url":null,"abstract":"Recent studies have challenged the traditionally accepted view that obesity is beneficial to the growing skeleton. Despite having greater bone mineral content (BMC) and lean mass when assessed by dual X-ray energy absorptiometry (DXA), compromise in skeletal integrity (i.e. fracture, joint pain) are increasingly being reported in the pediatric population. The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between absolute quantitative (mass) and qualitative aspects of bone and muscle (cortical and trabecular density, muscle and marrow density, and stress strain index; SSI) in obese peri-pubertal girls ages 7-11 years. Mass (bone, fat and lean) was assessed by DXA and density, strength and fatty infiltration was evaluated by peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT). pQCT scans were performed at 4% and 66% of radius length as well as 66% of the tibia length. All girls were obese BMI % (>95th). Statistical analysis was conducted using the sample mean body fat percentage girls to stratify into two groups, obese ( 43.78 %). BMC and lean mass were not significantly different between the groups. Total body fat was positively associated with both lean and bone mass in both groups. Total body fat was inversely associated with cortical density and SSI in the upper and lower extremity. SSI at 4% in the radius was significantly lower in the morbidly obese group, yet the trabecular and cortical density of the upper extremity was higher. In addition, marrow area was greater yet marrow density, an estimate of bone marrow adipose tissue was significantly lower in the morbidly obese group (p<0.05). This study extends these observations to demonstrate the impact of obesity in the context of bone and muscle quality and suggest the increased fracture in obese, particularly morbidly obese girls, rates may be due to the adverse impact of obesity on musculoskeletal health.","PeriodicalId":92253,"journal":{"name":"Journal of osteoporosis and physical activity","volume":"3 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70288190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}