Current research in diabetes & obesity journal最新文献

{"title":"Structure-Based Virtual Screening for Differential Inhibition of Aldose Reductase, Implicated in Secondary Complications in Diabetes","authors":"Ranvir Singh","doi":"10.19080/crdoj.2021.15.555907","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/crdoj.2021.15.555907","url":null,"abstract":"As a clinically relevant drug target, there have been several attempts to design a structure-based inhibitor for aldose reductase (AR). Since most of the aldehydes are presented to AR conjugated with glutathione, in present work, the structure of AR complexed with NADPH and a glutathione analog was used as a target for virtual screening of small molecule library. Due to interactions of the glutathione backbone with the binding pocket of AR, the ternary complex (AR●NADPH●DCEG) represents a unique conformation of AR backbone. NCI diversity set V was used as a small molecules library for virtual screening. AutoDock Vina was used for docking and scoring of ligands. Few select hits with low binding free energy were obtained, which may be potential leads for a search of an differential inhibitor against AR.","PeriodicalId":92021,"journal":{"name":"Current research in diabetes & obesity journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42713417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing Anxiety and Professional Efficiency Among Normal- and Over -Weight Medical Staff During the Covid-19 Outbreak: A Case-Control Study","authors":"Farhad Vahid","doi":"10.19080/crdoj.2021.15.555906","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/crdoj.2021.15.555906","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The professional efficiency of personnel and medical staff is among the most critical issues in the Covid-19 pandemic. Studies have shown that being obese/overweight is among the causes of anxiety and related to reduced professional efficiency. This study aimed to compare anxiety and professional efficiency among normal- and overweight/obese medical staff during the Covid-19 outbreak. Methods: To conduct this study, 82 overweight/obese and 79 normal-weight healthcare employees at the Arak University of Medical Science, Arak, Iran, were participated. The Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) a valid, reliable, and self-report questionnaire applied to measure anxiety. Weight, height, and other demographic information were recorded. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated by dividing weight (kg) by height (m) squared. Results: Results obtained from modeling BMI as a continuous variable concerning BAI showed a positive and significant association after adjustment for age and gender (OR=2.61, 95% CI=1.32-5.16) and in the multivariate analysis (OR=2.83,95% CI=1.33-5.99). In addition, there was a significant association between BAI and medical staff professional efficiency (OR=0.599, 95%CI=0.405-0.885). Also, a significant correlation was seen between BMI and BAI scores. Conclusions: Our findings add to the growing evidence that BMI is an independent predictor of mental disorders and can reduce professional efficiency. As conclusion, training individuals on the harms of obesity and mental readiness to reduce mental disorders can effectively combat disasters.","PeriodicalId":92021,"journal":{"name":"Current research in diabetes & obesity journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45686145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can Alcohol and Obesity be Considered Risk Factors for Diabetes Mellitus? (environmental study)","authors":"L. Radkevich","doi":"10.19080/crdoj.2021.15.555905","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/crdoj.2021.15.555905","url":null,"abstract":"Rationale: The literature recognizes a causal relationship between alcohol consumption and the burden of noncommunicable chronic disease (NCD). Objective: To investigate the relationship between the maximum and minimum consumption of alcoholic beverages (AB) and metabolic syndrome (MS), the burden of diabetes mellitus, pancreatic cancer, nephritis and alcoholism in 158 countries in 2004. Methods: U-Mann-Whitney test (UMY) and multiple linear regression analysis (MRA) were used for data analysis; GBD databases 2004; FAO 1990-2005. Results: Studies have shown that the maximum and minimum consumption of alcoholic beverages (AP) in the countries of the world differed 108 times and amounted to 343 grams per person per day, excluding gender and age (p≤0.001). The 20 countries with the highest AB versus the 20 countries with the lowest AB were 14 times higher per capita income (p≤0.001); the burden of pancreatic cancer is 3.5 times higher in men and women (p≤0.001); the burden of alcoholism is 8 times higher for men, 18 times for women (p≤0.001); 2 times in men, the burden of diabetes mellitus is 3 times lower in women and the burden of nephritis is 7 times lower in men and women (p≤0.001). In countries with maximum AB, the predictors of metabolic syndrome - MS (% of men and women in a country with MS impairment) were 2 times higher (p≤0.001). Conclusions: In countries with the highest AB consumption, the burden of alcoholism and pancreatic cancer is several times higher predictors of MS, but the burden of diabetes and nephritis is lower. Gender differences in the studied characteristics are noted. Further research is needed on the nature of the relationship between alcohol consumption and NCD to develop prevention methods.","PeriodicalId":92021,"journal":{"name":"Current research in diabetes & obesity journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43588726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Association Between Body Mass Index and Glycemic Control in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Across Eight Countries: A Literature Review","authors":"K. Boye","doi":"10.19080/crdoj.2021.15.555904","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/crdoj.2021.15.555904","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: To investigate the association between obesity and glycemic control based on country-specific glycemic control data from the USA and selected European and Asian countries by body mass index (BMI), or BMI data by glycemic control (HbA1c), in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Methods: Literature search of databases and abstracts to identify real-world studies (2015-2020) reporting HbA1c and BMI data. Results: Seventeen articles (China, including Hong Kong, n=10; Japan, n=3; USA, n=2; Spain, n=1; UK, n=1) were identified from 6696 de-duplicated references. Of the 13 studies reporting by BMI mean rates of glycemic control or likelihood of achieving glycemic control, eight found that achieving control significantly declined as BMI increased; one reported a clear trend but no statistics; two reported glycemic control rates for those with obesity to be significantly worse than for one other group; and two reported no significant difference with BMI. Of the six studies reporting average HbA1c levels by BMI, four reported HbA1c to increase with BMI. Two of three studies reporting mean BMIs by glycemic control found these increased with HbA1c. Conclusions: This review consolidates recent evidence on the glycemic control status of individuals with T2D reported by BMI in selected countries. Studies generally reported a lower chance of achieving glycemic control targets in those with overweight or obesity. Most studies found greater HbA1c in individuals with higher BMI, and average BMI greater in those with higher levels of HbA1c. Focused efforts are needed to improve glycemic control in patients with T2D and overweight/obesity.","PeriodicalId":92021,"journal":{"name":"Current research in diabetes & obesity journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45994130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implication of Mode of Consumption of Allium cepa L. (Onion) on Lipoglycemic and Anthropometric Impacts in Diabetic Rats: A Function of Choice","authors":"M. Anyakudo","doi":"10.19080/crdoj.2021.15.555903","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/crdoj.2021.15.555903","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Use of Allium cepa L. (Onion) as spice in traditional cooking, concoctions and preparations has long been established since ancient time. However, the implication of its mode of consumption on health benefits is inadequately considered or explored. Objectives: This experimentally-controlled designed nutritional study aimed to determine and compare the effects of consumption of Allium cepa in its raw form and in mixed meal on body weight, glycemic tolerance/control and, lipid profile in diabetic rats. Materials and Methods: Twenty one adult (170-200g) male Wistar rats were randomly categorized into three experimental groups (n=7, each): Diabetic Control (DC), Diabetic Onion Extract-Treated (DOE), and Diabetic Onion-supplemented Diet-Fed (DSO). Diabetes was inducted with 150 mg/dL, alloxan monohydrate solution intraperitoneally. Animals were fed according to the experimental design with water ad libitum for six weeks. Body weights and Fasting blood sugar (FBS) concentrations were measured twice weekly. LP and OGTT were conducted. Microsoft Excel and statistical SPSS program version 22 were used for data analysis. Results are expressed as mean ± SEM. Comparison between groups were made using Students’t-test and one way ANOVA. Results: Consumption of onion in its raw (aqueous extract) form caused more reduction in blood glucose concentration (DOE - 38.14% versus DSO - 11.2%; P = 0.02) and body weight gain (DOE -7.71% versus DSO - 16.32%; P = 0.01), with improved lipid profile than when ingested in mixed meal (supplemented diet). Glycemic response curves peaked at 60 minutes of glucose challenge in DSO and DOE groups. Conclusion: Mode of consumption of Allium cepa, influenced its therapeutic anthropometric and lipoglycemic effects in diabetic rats.","PeriodicalId":92021,"journal":{"name":"Current research in diabetes & obesity journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48046324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improvement in Renal Function in Participants in the First UK National Health Service (NHS) EndoBarrier Service for Uncontrolled Diabesity","authors":"R. Ryder","doi":"10.19080/crdoj.2021.15.555902","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/crdoj.2021.15.555902","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: EndoBarrier, a 60cm proximal intestinal liner, endoscopically implanted for up to one-year, reduces weight and HbA1c. As the risk of progressive chronic kidney disease (CKD) is increased by high BMI, we assessed the impact of EndoBarrier on renal function. Methods: Between October 2014 and November 2017 we implanted EndoBarriers in 62 patients with sub-optimally controlled diabesity in our NHS service; by November 2018 all were explanted. Clinical and laboratory outcomes, including routinely performed kidney function testing by serum creatinine and MDRD eGFR, were collected in a registry Results: In 61 patients (aged 51.4±7.2 years, 54.1% male, 57.4% europid, diabetes duration 12.0 (8.0-19.5) years, 57.4% insulin-treated, BMI 41.9±7.4 kg/m2) with implant and explant data, weight fell by 15.9±8.5 kg from 122.6±27.9 to 106.7±28.9 kg (p<0.001), BMI from 41.9±7.4 to 36.2±7.6 kg/m2 (p<0.001) and systolic blood pressure (BP) from 138.5±15.0 to 125.8±14.6 mmHg (p<0.001), mean±SD. HbA1c fell by 23.7±21.4 mmol/mol from 80.2±22.5 to 56.5±11.5 mmol/mol(p<0.001), cholesterol from 4.7±1.4 to 3.9±0.9 mmol/L (p<0.001) and alanine-aminotransferase (ALT – a marker of liver fat) from 33.2±19.8 to 19.5±11.4 U/L (p<0.001). In the 35 insulin-treated patients median (IQR) insulin dose reduced from 100 (54-140) to 40 (0-70) units (p<0.001) with 10/35 (28.6%) discontinuing insulin. With regard to renal function, mean±SD serum creatinine improved by 5.5±15.4 μmol/L from 91.7±47.7 to 86.2±45.7 μmol/L (p=0.007) and estimated-Glomerular-Filtration-Rate (abbreviated MDRD equation) improved by 5.8±10.7 ml/min/1.73m2 from 84.3±25.2 to 90.1±26.4 ml/min/1.73m2 (p<0.001). Five patients had raised serum creatinine (>133 μmol/L) prior to Endobarrier; after implantation in four of these creatinine reduced and in two normalised. The four patients with renal impairment who sustained improvement had large weight loss (19.3-34.4 kg), the patient without improvement had only 6.6 kg weight loss. Conclusion: As well as previously documented improvements in weight, HbA1c, BP, ALT and cholesterol, EndoBarrier was associated with improvements in renal function. These observational findings warrant further investigation through prospective study of the impact of such bariatric interventions on progressive CKD.","PeriodicalId":92021,"journal":{"name":"Current research in diabetes & obesity journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43328990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Obesity","authors":"G. Tomkin","doi":"10.19080/crdoj.2021.15.555901","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/crdoj.2021.15.555901","url":null,"abstract":"The hormonal understanding of obesity has dramatically changed our understanding of this disease. Although the behavioural aspects play a part in some patients, obesity is now thought of as a disease which is amenable to hormonal therapy. Bariatric surgery (metabolic surgery) is a very effective way to alter the hormonal aspects of obesity. Low calorie diets, when followed be a GLP-1 agonist, seem equally effective without the complications of surgery. The prospect for better hormonal surgery to combat obesity would make bariatric surgery obsolete.","PeriodicalId":92021,"journal":{"name":"Current research in diabetes & obesity journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48280382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diabetic Rural Women’s Attitudes toward Diabetes in Iran","authors":"Maryam Baradaran Binazir","doi":"10.19080/crdoj.2021.14.555900","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/crdoj.2021.14.555900","url":null,"abstract":"For controlling chronic disease as diabetes, the attitude toward the disease is important. The aim of this study was to evaluate diabetic rural women’s attitude toward their disease. This cross-sectional study was done on the women with diabetes referred to the health center in a village, East Azarbayjan, Iran, 2019. The Diabetes Attitudes Questionnaire (DAS) was applied to assess diabetic rural women’s attitude. Totally 85patients participated in our study. The mean attitude score was76.27 ± 6.81. There was a positive correlation between the score of patients’ attitudes and their educational level.","PeriodicalId":92021,"journal":{"name":"Current research in diabetes & obesity journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47159631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Efficient Pre- and Post-Operative Healthcare Strategies for Sleeve Gastrectomy Patients","authors":"Taha Anbara","doi":"10.19080/crdoj.2021.14.555899","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/crdoj.2021.14.555899","url":null,"abstract":"Bariatric surgery is an uprising approach as a reliable choice for weight loss, resulting in a significant remission in almost all obesity-related comorbidities. However, bariatric procedure is a minimal invasive surgery with trivial rates of complications; surgeons would be able to prevent comorbidities in patients with efficient interventions. We aim to mention our experiences on the management of post-operative complications including psychological disorders, hair loss, insufficient weight loss, bleeding, nutritional deficiencies and gastroesophageal reflux, and embolism.","PeriodicalId":92021,"journal":{"name":"Current research in diabetes & obesity journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42868894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Noninvasive Continuous Blood Glucose Monitoring by Dielectric Spectroscopy","authors":"J. Burd","doi":"10.19080/crdoj.2020.14.555897","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/crdoj.2020.14.555897","url":null,"abstract":"The Alertgy noninvasive continuous blood glucose monitor (NICBGM) is a novel wristband device that reports glucose levels without any entailing skin puncture. This study evaluated the performance of this device compared with an FDA-approved glucose meter in patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods: The Alertgy DeepGluco NICBGM device measures changes in the dielectric spectrum it collects specific to blood glucose levels three times a minute. This spectral data is analyzed by using neural network analysis, machine learning and then with a calibration process is used to generate algorithms to estimate blood glucose (BG) values once the system is calibrated to the individual. The Roche Accuchek Inform II glucometer was used as a reference technique for calibration and then to determine the accuracy of blood glucose determinations. 27 patients completed three or more 120-minute sessions. Mean absolute relative difference (MARD) was calculated on the data collected. Results: MARD values were compiled for two or more days of data collection following the first day of calibration. The MARD for all measurements was found to be 15.3. Conclusions: The resultant MARD suggest that this technique can achieve equivalent performance to that of existing CGM devices presently approved by the FDA when the same reference technique is utilized.","PeriodicalId":92021,"journal":{"name":"Current research in diabetes & obesity journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42872558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}