Open access journal of ophthalmology最新文献

{"title":"Visual Status among Nepalese Civilian Pilots","authors":"Bhattarai Sanjeev","doi":"10.23880/oajo-16000217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/oajo-16000217","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Vision assessment is a part of medical examination for pilots. Visual acuity and refraction are performed routinely but binocular vision assessment is rarely performed. The aim of this study was to evaluate the visual status of Nepalese civilian pilots, including binocular vision assessment. Methods: It was a descriptive, cross sectional study conducted among Nepalese pilots. Thirty pilots operating domestic flights and twenty operating international flights, from 7 different airline companies participated in this study. A detailed ophthalmic examination of the pilots was performed by an investigator under the guidance of an Optometrist from January to August 2006. Examinations were conducted at Nepal Airlines Corporation, head office and domestic terminal at Tribhuwan international airport (TIA). The data collected were analyzed to determine presenting visual acuity, refractive error and binocular vision of pilots. Results: Among 50 pilots, 88% of pilots had presenting visual acuity within normal limits (6/6 binocularly) as normal requirement set by Civil Aviation Authority of Nepal (CAAN). Pilots having significant refractive errors were 32%. Other visual symptoms related were present in 16% of pilots. Only one case had intermittent exotropia (IXT) and exophoria was present in 15 (30%) pilots among which 3 (6%) had deviation between 4-8 prism diopters. Conclusion: About 90% of Nepalese civilian pilots had normal visual acuity as defined by civil aviation authority of Nepal (CAAN). However, few pilots had some form of binocular vision disorders which could easily be im3proved by vision therapy.","PeriodicalId":91939,"journal":{"name":"Open access journal of ophthalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74397311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Uncovering the Journey of a Successful Eye Surgeon & Secrets to Establish a Successful Medical Practice","authors":"S. P.","doi":"10.23880/oajo-16000215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/oajo-16000215","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":91939,"journal":{"name":"Open access journal of ophthalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75719925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Post Pars Plana Vitrectomy Silicone Oil Related Endophthalmitis Caused by Citrobacter Koseri: A Case Report and Literature Review","authors":"M. R.","doi":"10.23880/oajo-16000213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/oajo-16000213","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To present a rare case of a Citrobateri koseri endophthalmitis after pars plana vitrectomy silicone oil-filled eye. Case Report: A 64-year old male patient presented to our clinic for eye pain and decrease vision in the right eye. He had a history of diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and a cataract surgery in both eyes ten years before and surgery of retinal detachment in RE For a relapse of regmatogenous retinal detachment in RE a pars plana vitrectomy with silicone oil injection was performed. He received topical betamethasone, naphazoline and tetracycline 6 times a day. After one week the patient complained ocular pain and decreased vision. Examination revealed visual acuity deterioration, a severely injected conjunctiva. The cornea was edematous with Descemet’s membrane folds. The anterior chamber was hazy with cells and flare, and hypopyon was observed. A diagnosis of post vitrectomy endophthalmitis was made. Sampling of the aqueous fluid was obtained and he was empirically treated with intravitreal ceftazidime 2.0mg/0,1ml and sub-tenon injection of betamethasone (2mg). The microscopic examination of the aqueous fluid stained with Gram stain revealed the presence of numerous polymorphonuclear cells and of small gram-negative bacteria identified as C. koseri. The strain was susceptible to all the antibiotics tested. A high MIC value (16mg/L) was detected only for tetracycline. The therapy was changed to fortified ceftazidime 5%, fortified tobramycin 0.3%, atropine 1% and prednisone-eye drops administered every 2 hours along with systemic antibiotic (ceftriaxone 2g iv for 5days) and steroid treatment without any improvement. The patient underwent to a new pars plana vitrectomy, removal of the IOL, and silicone oil exchange. In this occasion silicon leakage from previous sclerotomy, pus filled vitreous cavity and some retinal hemorrhages were observed. Vancomycin and ceftazidime according to Endophthalmitis Vitrectomy Study protocol were injected in the vitreous cavity and previous topical and systemic therapy was continued, too. An improvement of visual acuity was obtained. Conclusion: Among cases of culture positive endophthalmitis, Citrobacter spp. is very rare, and this is the first report of a silicone oil related endophthalmitis caused by this microorganism.","PeriodicalId":91939,"journal":{"name":"Open access journal of ophthalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83409723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Argon Laser as a Treatment of Trichiasis in Alwahda Teaching Hospital-Derna, Libya","authors":"Elmajri Kak","doi":"10.23880/oajo-16000211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/oajo-16000211","url":null,"abstract":"Trichiasis is a medical term for abnormally positioned eyelashes that grow back toward the eye, touching the cornea or conjunctiva. Trachoma is the main Couse of Trichiasis which remains an important cause of blindness and the leading preventable cause of visual disability. Data from several surveys have indicated that trachoma is rapidly waning as a highly endemic disease. This prospective study to introduce the argon laser in treatment of Trichiasis in teaching Alwahda hospital in Derna city eastern part of Libya. Were 50 eye lids from 40 Libyan patients, the results were 90% success.","PeriodicalId":91939,"journal":{"name":"Open access journal of ophthalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73617185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Irregular Astigmatism Correction by Femtosecond Laser Arcuate Keratotomy in a Pediatric Patient","authors":"Buzzonetti L","doi":"10.23880/oajo-16000222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/oajo-16000222","url":null,"abstract":"We report the case of a pediatric patient 3 years old that underwent refractive surgery for the correction of irregular astigmatism after penetrating trauma. A single arcuate keratotomy by femtosecond laser was performed for correcting corneal high order aberrations in the attempt to avoid penetrating keratoplasty and to treat amblyopia.","PeriodicalId":91939,"journal":{"name":"Open access journal of ophthalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77110807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recombinant Interferon-Alpha 2b for Ocular Surface Squamous Neoplasia (OSSN)","authors":"Kadir Smu","doi":"10.23880/oajo-16000218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/oajo-16000218","url":null,"abstract":"Ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN) is an ambit of ocular surface diseases encompassing dysplasia to different grades of invasive squamous cell carcinoma of the ocular surface. The typical presentation is the leukoplakic appearance with feeder vessels of conjunctiva, limbus, and cornea. Histological confirmation after incisional/excisional biopsy has been considered the gold standard for OSSN. 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and mitomycin C (MMC) has used as adjuvant topical chemotherapy. Recently, interferon-alpha 2b (INF α2b) is operating as immunotherapy for the treatment of OSSN. Good outcome with fewer side effects than other drugs are reported. An overview on INF α2b for the treatment of OSSN is attempting to analyze mode of action, dose and duration, and treatment modality and outcome of INF α2b.","PeriodicalId":91939,"journal":{"name":"Open access journal of ophthalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80098024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COVID-19 Epidemic: View from an Ophthalmologists Eye","authors":"S. J","doi":"10.23880/oajo-16000224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/oajo-16000224","url":null,"abstract":"COVID-19 pandemic is one of the worst medical emergencies the world has seen in quite some time. Still surrounded by a lot of controversies, it has managed to give all clinicians a run for their lives. In present circumstances, it remains of utmost importance that the right practice guidelines are made to reach clinicians in every possible way. Ophthalmologists remain an important link with coronavirus after preliminary reports of conjunctival and tear related spread in Chinese literature. There has been a lot of speculation and confusion for ophthalmologists in such circumstances. They do not want to disregard patients and at the same time are worried about the community spread from any probable case reporting to them. In such scenarios, it becomes critical to understand the current standard operating protocols for ophthalmologists.","PeriodicalId":91939,"journal":{"name":"Open access journal of ophthalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78026061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Facial Masking and Effects on Ocular Health: A Review","authors":"Milliken Cm","doi":"10.23880/oajo-16000216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/oajo-16000216","url":null,"abstract":"It has been over a year since the United States began to feel the effects of the on-going COVID-19 pandemic. In response, many daily practices in the administration of healthcare have changed. Perhaps the most visible of these changes is the widespread use of facial masks to prevent transmission of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. While COVID-19 has documented direct ocular effects, there is increasing interest surrounding the effects of preventative facial masking on ocular health. This review summarizes the major impacts of masking in several domains, in an attempt to better characterize new threats to ocular health.","PeriodicalId":91939,"journal":{"name":"Open access journal of ophthalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83662022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Intracameral Injection of Preservative Free, Fixed Concentration of Combined Mydriatic plus Anaesthetic Formulation on Corneal Endothelial Cell Count in Phacoemulsification","authors":"Hosny M","doi":"10.23880/oajo-16000208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/oajo-16000208","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of intracameral injection of a standardized combination of tropicamide 0.02%, phenylephrine 0.31% and lidocaine 1% on corneal endothelial cell count at phacoemulsification. Methods: In this prospective randomized controlled study, 30 eyes of 30 patients undergoing phacoemulsification were assigned to 2 groups. 15 eyes (Intracameral Group A) received 0.2ml of a combination of tropicamide 0.02%, phenylephrine 0.31% and lidocaine 1% just after the first incision. While 15 eyes (Group B) received a topical regimen of one drop of each of cyclopentolate hydrochloride 1% and tropicamide 1%, every 15min for 1hour preoperatively. The main outcome measures were safety on corneal endothelium, by comparing the preoperative and 3 weeks postoperative corneal endothelium cell count in the two groups. Efficacy was also evaluated by measuring pupil size before capsulorhexis and before intraocular lens implantation, in both groups. Results: There was no significant statistical difference in the percentage of endothelial cell loss between the Groups A (27.4%) and the reference Group B (25.7%), with P value (0.595). Regarding Pupillary dilatation, adequate dilatation (>7.4mm) was achieved in both groups. Dilatation was maintained to the end of operation in the Fydrane group, while in the reference group, reduction in pupillary dilatation occurred in 20% (3 cases) reaching pupil diameter 5.5mm before IOL implantation. Conclusions: This study showed that intracameral injection of tropicamide 0.02%, phenylephrine 0.31% and lidocaine 1% is safe on corneal endothelium and effective in maintaining pupillary dilatation throughout the surgery","PeriodicalId":91939,"journal":{"name":"Open access journal of ophthalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86291846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing Corneal OCT Findings in High Irradiance Corneal Crosslinking Combined with Femtosecond Laser In Situ Keratomileusis versus Femtosecond Laser In Situ Keratomileusis","authors":"Hosny M","doi":"10.23880/oajo-16000209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/oajo-16000209","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To study Corneal OCT findings in the interface and the demarcation line under or over the interface in patients that undergo Femtosecond laser in situ Keratomeulisis compared to patients that undergo Femtosecond laser in situ Keratomeulisis combined with high irradiance corneal cross linking (Femto-Lasik Xtra). Study Design: Prospective Randomized Comparative Study. Methods: Our study included 40 eyes of 20 patients divided into 2 groups, a group of 10 patients with 20 eyes underwent Femto-Lasik & the other group of 10 patients of 20 eyes underwent Femto-Lasik Xtra. The Femto Lasik procedure was done using Alcon Wave Light FS200 laser machine. The Femto-Lasik XTRA procedure entails the administration of half fluence high irradiance cross-linking subsequent to refractive correction. A higher concentration 0.25% riboflavin is applied on the stromal bed and the flap subsequent to laser ablation with a soak time of 90 seconds, UV-A irradiance is delivered as a homogenous beam of 30 mW/cm2 for 90 s to deliver a total fluence of 2.7J/cm2. Patients were randomly observed and HEIDELBERG ASOCT was performed after 1 week, 1 month & 3 months post-operative. Results: A demarcation line was noted in femto Lasik Xtra patients, appeared more evident in the peripheral cornea and faded as it approached the central cornea. It became less evident after 1 month and 3 months period respectively. Also the flap hinge was more hyper reflective and evident in femto Lasik Xtra patients when compared to femto Lasik patients. Anterior crosslinked stroma appeared more hyper reflective than posterior stroma in femto Lasik Xtra patients. Flap edge was also more hyper reflective and better demarked in femto Lasik Xtra treated corneas when compared to femto Lasik treated corneas. Conclusion: AS-OCT showed significant differences between femto Lasik and Femto Lasik Xtra treated corneas. Significant changes were noted in the demarcation line in Femto Lasik Xtra patients along different time periods post-operative.","PeriodicalId":91939,"journal":{"name":"Open access journal of ophthalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83217165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}