Open access journal of ophthalmology最新文献

{"title":"Psychological Wellbeing in Patients with Glaucoma: A Newer Perspective in Glaucoma Management","authors":"Dayal A","doi":"10.23880/oajo-16000282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/oajo-16000282","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":91939,"journal":{"name":"Open access journal of ophthalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79304023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Outcomes of Nd: YAG Laser Posterior Capsulotomy: Impact on Intraocular Pressure, Refraction, Anterior Chamber Depth, and Macular Thickness","authors":"Shah V","doi":"10.23880/oajo-16000283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/oajo-16000283","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Nd: YAG laser posterior capsulotomy is a commonly performed procedure to treat posterior capsular opacification following cataract surgery. While the procedure is known to effectively improve visual acuity, its potential impact on intraocular pressure (IOP), refraction, anterior chamber depth (ACD), and macular thickness remains a subject of debate. This study aims to investigate the effects of Nd: YAG laser posterior capsulotomy on these ocular parameters. Methods: This study was designed as a prospective analysis conducted at a tertiary eye care center on patients who underwent Nd: YAG laser posterior capsulotomy at a tertiary eye care center between January 2020 and December 2020. Preoperative and postoperative measurements of IOP, refraction, ACD, and macular thickness were collected and compared. Statistical analyses were performed using paired t-tests, and p-values <0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: A total of 30 eyes from 25 patients (mean age, 65.4 ± 8.2 years) were included in the analysis. Following Nd: YAG laser posterior capsulotomy, the mean intraocular pressure (IOP) increased from 15.2 ± 2.3 mmHg to 17.0 ± 2.7 mmHg (p < 0.001). The refractive status showed a mean myopic shift of -0.35 ± 0.16 diopters (p < 0.001,). Additionally, there was a statistically significant reduction in anterior chamber depth (ACD) from 3.15 ± 0.42 mm to 2.90 ± 0.37 mm (p = 0.003,). However, there was no significant change in macular thickness after the procedure (p = 0.287). Conclusion: Nd: YAG laser posterior capsulotomy leads to a mild but statistically significant increase in IOP and a small myopic shift in refraction. Additionally, the procedure results in a decrease in ACD but does not significantly affect macular thickness. Ophthalmologists should consider these effects when performing Nd: YAG laser posterior capsulotomy and carefully monitor patients postoperatively.","PeriodicalId":91939,"journal":{"name":"Open access journal of ophthalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73664052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elevated Serum Hydrogen Sulfide in Age Related Macular Degeneration","authors":"Bharathidevi Sr","doi":"10.23880/oajo-16000281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/oajo-16000281","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Age related macular degeneration is one of the major causes of global blindness and vision impairment. The study was done to determine the levels of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in AMD subjects in the study cohort. Methods: Twenty-six blood samples were collected, 12 control and 14 AMD subjects, the serum obtained from these samples were used for the measurement of H2S by Methylene blue (MB) assay and IL6 using ELISA. Results: We observed that both the levels of H2S and IL6 to be elevated in AMD subjects when compared to control and H2S and IL6 showed a positive correlation. Conclusion: We propose H2S to be a marker in both dry and wet AMD","PeriodicalId":91939,"journal":{"name":"Open access journal of ophthalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82506487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiological and Clinical Characteristics of Patients Operated for Strabismus at the Yaounde Central Hospital","authors":"Dohvoma VA","doi":"10.23880/oajo-16000277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/oajo-16000277","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: to describe the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of patients operated for strabismus. Methods: records of patients operated for strabismus between 2014 and 2022 at the Yaounde Central Hospital were included in this cross-sectional study. Data collected included: age at onset, age at the time of surgery, sex, type of strabismus, preoperative angle of deviation at distance, number of eyes and muscles operated. Significance level was set at p <0.05. Results: 84 patients were included. There were 57 (67.9%) exotropias and 27 (32.1%) esotropias. Females were predominant, with no significant difference between exotropias and esotropias (70.4% in esotropias and 70.2% in exotropias). Early-onset strabismus was present in 88.9% of esotropias and in 57.9% of exotropias (p=0.0055). The mean age at the time of surgery was respectively 8.6 ± 8.6 years and 18.8±13.9 years for esotropias and exotropias. (p=0.00001). The mean pre-operative angle was 41.1 ± 9.5 prism diopters (PD) in esotropias and 40.2 ± 12.6 PD in exotropias. Surgery was done in both eyes in 82.1% of cases and at least on 2 muscles in 90.5% of cases. Conclusion: surgery for esotropia is carried out in late childhood and that for exotropia in late adolescence. Efforts geared towards sensitizing the public in view of early management of strabismus need to be made.","PeriodicalId":91939,"journal":{"name":"Open access journal of ophthalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135799626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retinopathy of Prematurity: Risk Factors, Recent Trends of Screening and Outcome of Treatment in a Tertiary Care Eye Hospital of Bangladesh","authors":"Ul Kadir Syeed Mehbub","doi":"10.23880/oajo-16000271","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/oajo-16000271","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: To determine the associated risk factors, current methods of screening and treatment outcome of ROP in a tertiarylevel eye hospital in Bangladesh. Methods: A prospective longitudinal study was conducted in the OPD, Pediatric care unit of a tertiary eye hospital, among 167 babies from October 2014 to June 2019. The initial examination was done either at four weeks of birth or 31 weeks post-conceptually, whichever was earlier. After taking consent, a detailed history was taken. Before the fundus examination, mydriasis was achieved, and indirect ophthalmoscopy was done under topical anesthesia. In favorable cases, staging of ROP was done with subsequent follow-up. As per ETROP indication, either laser photocoagulation or anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) injection or both were given for treatment. Later these babies were followed up to see the outcome. Results: Out of 167 babies, we had two groups after the 1st screening; 76 babies (45.5%) fell in the ROP group and 91 babies in the No ROP group. On subsequent screening, 28 babies had spontaneously regressed ROP, leaving 48 in the ROP group who required treatment. The male gender was predominant in both groups (52.6% and 56.04%, respectively). Type 1 ROP was the most prevalent. Oxygen therapy (93.4%) of variable duration and neonatal jaundice (52.6%) were the top two risk factors of ROP in this study. Sixty-five babies (38.9%) fell into a group of birth weight 1000-1500 grams, and 81 (48.5%) had a gestational age of 28-32 weeks. As a treatment, the majority with ROP (21 cases) received laser therapy. In the final follow-up, refractive errors are the most common outcome after treatment of ROP. Conclusion: The available care for ROP varies, and visual disability is mainly preventable when detected and treated in time. With limited resources and expertise, the screening and treatment of ROP implemented in Bangladesh showed some satisfactory outcomes; a longer follow-up would give a more detailed evaluation of the impact of this treatment on the visual status.","PeriodicalId":91939,"journal":{"name":"Open access journal of ophthalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135799627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-Surgical Pneumatic Repair of Stage 2 Macular Holes","authors":"Shukla D","doi":"10.23880/oajo-16000273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/oajo-16000273","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: We report anatomical and functional outcomes of gas injection for small-medium full thickness macular holes (FTMH) with vitreomacular traction (VMT). Methods: This retrospective-comparative case series included patients with stage 2 FTMH who underwent intravitreal injection of perfluoropropane (C3F8) or sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) gas. Clinical evaluation included B-scan ultrasonography and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) to assess post-procedure MH closure, vitreous status, and visual outcomes. Results: There were five men and seven women with a mean age of 63.75 years (range: 54-76). The median duration of symptoms was 8.5 months (range: 2-52 months). The mean BCVA at presentation was 0.51 LogMAR (Snellen equivalent 20/65). The mean macular hole aperture size was 206 (range: 127-334). In eight (67%) patients, FTMH closed after gas injection. All the four open holes underwent vitrectomy. The median follow-up was 11 months (range: 2-53 months). At the last follow-up, all the patients had type 1 MH closure; BCVA improved in 10 (83%). The mean post-treatment BCVA was 0.28 LogMAR (Snellen equivalent 20/38). One patient developed retinal tears, which were successfully treated with barrage laser photocoagulation. Conclusion: Intravitreal gas injection is a valid treatment modality for non-surgical macular hole closure, especially in smallmedium FTMH. Gas-assisted PVD induction and release of VMT provides a viable option for patients unwilling/unfit for vitrectomy, with no carry-over disadvantage in subsequent surgery in case of macular hole non-closure.","PeriodicalId":91939,"journal":{"name":"Open access journal of ophthalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74192584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management of Optic Disc Pit Associated Neurosensory Detachment","authors":"Owda A","doi":"10.23880/oajo-16000257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/oajo-16000257","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":91939,"journal":{"name":"Open access journal of ophthalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80988488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Rare Case of Evans Syndrome Associated With Optic Neuritis: A Case Report","authors":"Miranda Dbd","doi":"10.23880/oajo-16000272","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/oajo-16000272","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To report a case of Evans Syndrome associated with severe optic neuritis. Case Report: HAF, male, 26 years old, diagnosed with Evans Syndrome at the age of nine, with a history of headache and right eye pain with worsening movement. Fifteen days after the initial condition, visual clouding and decreased visual acuity began. Ophthalmological examination revealed visual acuity of 20/200 in the right eye with progressive worsening as the condition progressed; and 20/20 in the left eye. Visual field with absolute scotomata in the right eye and relative and absolute scotomatous points in all quadrants of the left eye. Gluorescein angiography findings included optic disc attenuation, without hyperfluorescent lesions. Conclusion: Evans Syndrome is a pathology that is gradually expanding in the field of clinical research, which has allowed new concepts related to pathogenesis and association with other comorbid conditions. In this case, we report the association with unilateral Optic Neuritis, responsible for progressive visual loss. Such knowledge aggregates the scientific community and translates into the need for an early multidisciplinary approach.","PeriodicalId":91939,"journal":{"name":"Open access journal of ophthalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90481455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent Advances in Management of Amblyopia","authors":"Gupta Sb","doi":"10.23880/oajo-16000267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/oajo-16000267","url":null,"abstract":"Amblyopia is the most common cause of monocular vision loss in children. Global incidence is 3.7%. It may be due to early deprivation of vision or defocus in one eye, reflects an imbalance of input from the eyes to visual cortex .Not only monocular vision is reduced but binocular vision is also affected. Fellow Human brain is designed to allow both eyes to work together. If signals from one eye are blurred, brain blocks the visual input from that eye. In the visual pathway, the synapses are broken due to disuse of amblyopic eye. Along with visual coordination deficit, eye to hand and reading can be affected and selfperception may be diminished. A variety of amblyopia therapy options have been developed to treat amblyopia in children and adults. Amblyopia therapy options have traditionally been limited to penalization of non-amblyopic eye with either patching or medicinal penalization. Traditional approaches to diagnose and treatment have limited effectiveness, are uncomfortable for the patients and their families. Recent evidences shows that amblyopes possess binocular cortical mechanisms for both threshold and supra-threshold stimuli. Hence strategy may be based on binocular stimulation methods, aims to stimulate either eye leading to a concomitant improvement in monocular vision with reduction in suppression and strengthening of binocular vision.","PeriodicalId":91939,"journal":{"name":"Open access journal of ophthalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86951763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bilateral Sclerochoroidal Calcifications: A Case Report","authors":"Guido F","doi":"10.23880/oajo-16000278","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/oajo-16000278","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The aim of this case report is to describe a rare condition of bilateral sclerochoroidal calcification Case Report: A 79 years old asymptomatic Caucasian female was referred to our Ocular Oncology Center of the Ophthalmic Surgery Department of Pisa on November 2021. She was in apparent good health. Funduscopic examination revealed yellowwhite irregular lesions in the supero-temporal quadrant of both eyes. Best-corrected visual acuity was 20/20. B-scan and A-scan ultrasound revealed hyper-echoic solid lesions with acoustic orbital shadowing measuring 1.5 mm in thickness and 4.6 mm in diameter, on average. Enhanced Deep Imaging Optical Coherence Tomography showed a scleral lesion compatible with the presence of deposition of calcium with Table Mountain and rolling pattern. Fluorescein angiography revealed hypofluorescence in the arterial phase and a mild hyper-fluorescence in the venous phase with persistent late staining. Indocyanine green angiography showed hypo-fluorescence at the early, middle, and late phases. Systemic investigation of calcium and phosphate metabolism was performed and the patient didn’t display any underlying systemic disorder. Conclusion: It is important to know and recognize this condition. Although most cases of sclerochoroidal calcifications may be idiopathic, systemic laboratory workup must be performed to exclude calcium-phosphate metabolic disorder that can be associated to these ocular signs. Given the rare possible development of choroidal neovascularization, regular imaging checkup is recommended.","PeriodicalId":91939,"journal":{"name":"Open access journal of ophthalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85682309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}