BMC Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Cellular sentinels: empowering survival and immune defense in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation through mesenchymal stem cells and T lymphocytes.","authors":"Tzong-Shyuan Tai, Yun-Hsiang Chen, Chao-Ling Yao, Jiun-Han Lin, Yu-Shao Yang, Jai-Wen Shi, Li-Wen Fang, Duen-Wei Hsu, Shu-Chen Kuo, Shu-Ching Hsu","doi":"10.1186/s12916-025-03987-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12916-025-03987-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is a critical treatment for hematologic disorders such as leukemia, lymphoma, and specific immune deficiencies. Despite its efficacy, challenges such as engraftment failure and delayed neutrophil regeneration remain significant barriers. These complications lead to prolonged cytopenia, increased risks of infections and other complications, and elevated morbidity and mortality rates. While mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are known to play essential roles in supporting hematopoiesis, the precise mechanisms and interactions between MSCs and other cellular components in HSCT require further investigation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To address these challenges, we explored the combined infusion of allotype-cord blood hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and activated T cells from the same donor along with third-party MSCs. The study assessed the effects of this triple-cell therapy on neutrophil differentiation and function ex vivo and in vivo. Using a respiratory infection model, we evaluated the accumulation of human neutrophils, cytokine secretion (IL-6 and IL-8), bacterial clearance, and overall survival compared to control groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The triple-cell therapy demonstrated a significant improvement in the differentiation of human HSCs into neutrophils both in ex vivo and in vivo. In the respiratory infection model, this approach resulted in enhanced accumulation of human neutrophils, increased secretion of IL-6 and IL-8, superior bacterial clearance, and reduced mortality rates compared to the control group. These findings highlight the synergistic interplay between allo-HSCs, MSCs, and activated T cells in promoting neutrophil production and function.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study presents a novel therapeutic strategy combining allo-HSCs, activated T cells, and third-party MSCs to enhance neutrophil production and functionality post-transplantation. This approach not only accelerates neutrophil regeneration but also improves resistance to infections, offering a promising avenue to overcome engraftment challenges in HSCT.</p>","PeriodicalId":9188,"journal":{"name":"BMC Medicine","volume":"23 1","pages":"164"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11921582/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143656197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The validation of prediction models deserves more recognition.","authors":"Ulrich Mansmann, Begüm Irmak Ön","doi":"10.1186/s12916-025-03994-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12916-025-03994-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9188,"journal":{"name":"BMC Medicine","volume":"23 1","pages":"166"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11921473/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143656200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tobacco and alcohol use; suicide ideation, plan, and attempt among adolescents; and the role of legal purchase age restrictions: a pooled population-based analysis from 58 countries.","authors":"Manman Chen, Xijie Wang, Din Son Tan, Huan Wang, Jianhui Guo, Jing Li, Zhiyong Zou, Yu Jiang, Wannian Liang","doi":"10.1186/s12916-025-03983-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12916-025-03983-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>We aimed to evaluate the potential independent and interactive associations of tobacco and alcohol use with suicide ideation, plan, and attempt among adolescents, and the role of legal purchase age restrictions among these associations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A pooled cross-sectional analysis was conducted with data from the Global School-based Student Health Survey (GSHS) (2013-2019), the US Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (YRBSS) (2021), and a Chinese school-based health survey (2017). Self-reported use of tobacco and alcohol during the past 30 days, and suicide ideation, plan, and attempt during the past year, were collected from questionnaires. Country-level purchase age restrictions on tobacco and alcohol products were obtained from official government websites.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 211,022 adolescents from 58 countries, 46.7% were boys. Compared with adolescents who used neither tobacco nor alcohol, those who used both tobacco and alcohol had the highest odds of suicide ideation (boys: 2.42 [95% CI: 2.25-2.61]; girls: 3.19 [95% CI: 2.98-3.40]; P _difference < 0.001), suicide plan (boys: 2.39 [95% CI: 2.21-2.58]; girls: 3.33 [95% CI: 3.11-3.57]; P _difference < 0.001), and suicide attempt (boys: 3.24 [95% CI: 3.00-3.51]; girls: 4.03 [95% CI: 3.75-4.33]; P _difference < 0.001). In countries with higher suicide plan prevalence, boys who use tobacco and who live in countries with tobacco purchase age restrictions had lower odds of suicide plan (1.86 [95% CI: 1.64-2.12]) than those who lived in countries without restrictions (2.81 [95% CI: 2.32-3.42]). Similarly, girls who use tobacco and who live in countries with legal age purchase restrictions displayed lower odds of suicide plan (2.20 [95% CI: 1.98-2.45]) compared to those who live in countries without restrictions (4.61 [95% CI: 3.65-5.83]). However, our study revealed no subgroup differences in whether countries have legal tobacco or alcohol purchase age restrictions in association with suicide ideation, plan, and attempt risk in countries with a lower prevalence of suicide behaviors.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Tobacco and alcohol consumption are strongly associated with the risk of suicide behaviors among adolescents, particularly among girls. Country-level tobacco control strategies may have the potential to reduce risks of suicide behaviors associated with tobacco use among adolescents.</p>","PeriodicalId":9188,"journal":{"name":"BMC Medicine","volume":"23 1","pages":"163"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11921742/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143656202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab compared to carboplatin plus paclitaxel for carboplatin and paclitaxel pretreated, recurrent, or advanced endometrial cancer.","authors":"Shao-Jing Wang, Lou Sun, Yu-Hsiang Shih, Ting-Fang Lu, Yen-Fu Chen, Shih-Tien Hsu, Chin-Ku Liu, Sheau-Feng Hwang, Jem-Kun Chen, Hsin-Hua Chen, Chien-Hsing Lu","doi":"10.1186/s12916-025-03989-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12916-025-03989-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab has demonstrated improved survival compared with doxorubicin or paclitaxel monotherapy in patients with advanced or recurrent endometrial cancers (ECs). However, response rates to monotherapy are poor in recurrent settings. Herein, we performed a retrospective analysis using real-world data to compare the outcomes of lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab, carboplatin plus paclitaxel (PT), and doxorubicin for patients with PT-pretreated, advanced, or recurrent ECs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed a multi-institutional retrospective analysis using de-identified electronic health record database (TriNetX) to compare lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab, carboplatin plus paclitaxel (PT), and doxorubicin outcomes in patients with PT-pretreated, advanced, or recurrent ECs. A 1:1 propensity score matching (PSM) was conducted. The primary outcome was the overall survival (OS) among treatment groups. The secondary outcome was the adverse event profile.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Between January 2012 and September 2023, we identified 397 patients with PT-treated, advanced, or recurrent ECs who received lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab, and 469 patients receiving PT at a platinum-free interval of over 6 months. Following PSM, no significant difference in median OS was observed between the lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab and re-challenge PT groups (19.1 vs. 18.5 months, p = 0.60; hazard ratio: 1.08, 95% confidence interval 0.81-1.46). However, lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab provided better survival benefits than doxorubicin. Adverse event analysis showed more hypothyroidism, hypertension, and proteinuria with lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab, and more hematologic toxicities in both chemotherapy groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab was not associated with improved survival when compared with re-challenge PT in patients with a platinum-free interval of over 6 months. Re-challenge PT remains a valid option for PT-treated, recurrent, or advanced ECs, especially in patients with a substantially long platinum-free interval.</p>","PeriodicalId":9188,"journal":{"name":"BMC Medicine","volume":"23 1","pages":"160"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11909920/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143633673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk, determinants, and persistence of long-COVID in a population-based cohort study in Catalonia.","authors":"Manolis Kogevinas, Marianna Karachaliou, Ana Espinosa, Susana Iraola-Guzmán, Gemma Castaño-Vinyals, Laura Delgado-Ortiz, Xavier Farré, Natàlia Blay, Neil Pearce, Magda Bosch de Basea, Eva Alonso Nogués, Carlota Dobaño, Gemma Moncunill, Rafael de Cid, Judith Garcia-Aymerich","doi":"10.1186/s12916-025-03974-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12916-025-03974-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Long-COVID has mostly been investigated in clinical settings. We aimed to assess the risk, subtypes, persistence, and determinants of long-COVID in a prospective population-based study of adults with a history of SARS-CoV-2 infection in Catalonia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We examined 2764 infected individuals from a population-based cohort (COVICAT) established before the pandemic and followed up three times across the pandemic (2020, 2021, 2023). We assessed immunoglobulin (Ig)G levels against SARS-CoV-2, clinical, vaccination, sociodemographic, and lifestyle factors. Long-COVID risk and subtypes were defined based on participant-reported symptoms and electronic health records. We identified a total of 647 long-COVID cases and compared them with 2117 infected individuals without the condition.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Between 2021 and 2023, 23% of infected subjects developed long-COVID symptoms. In 56% of long-COVID cases in 2021, symptoms persisted for 2 years. Long-COVID presented clinically in three subtypes, mild neuromuscular, mild respiratory, and severe multi-organ. The latter was associated with persistent long-COVID. Risk was higher among females, participants under 50 years, of low socioeconomic status, severe COVID-19 infection, elevated pre-vaccination IgG levels, obesity, and prior chronic disease, particularly asthma/chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and mental health conditions. A lower risk was associated to pre-infection vaccination, infection after omicron became the dominant variant, higher physical activity levels, and sleeping 6-8 h. Vaccination during the 3 months post-infection was also protective against long-COVID.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Long-COVID persisted for up to 2 years in half of the cases, and risk was influenced by multiple factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":9188,"journal":{"name":"BMC Medicine","volume":"23 1","pages":"140"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11907888/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143623643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The interdependence of mid-trimester blood pressure and glucose levels in shaping fetal growth and neonatal outcomes: implications for risk-benefit assessment and co-management.","authors":"Lijuan Lv, Jingbo Yang, Linjie Li, Chuanyi Huang, Huihua Shi, Yiwen Fang, Lushu Zuo, Ting Liu, Hongli Duan, Jiying Wen, Qing Yang, Amanda Henry, Cha Han, Aihua Yin, Xin Zhou","doi":"10.1186/s12916-025-03990-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12916-025-03990-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Maternal hypertension and hyperglycemia are closely related but have distinct impacts on fetal growth and are managed independently. How the interdependence of blood pressure (BP) and glucose levels quantitatively influences risk patterns for abnormal fetal growth and neonatal complications remains unexplored.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Maternal BP and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels were measured between 20 and 28 weeks of gestation in a cohort including 56,881 singleton pregnancies. Linear and quantile regression analyses were used to evaluate the relationship between BP and FPG. We examined the dose-response relationships between BP and FPG with small-for-gestational age (SGA) and large-for-gestational age (LGA) by using restricted cubic spline (RCS) curves. Additionally, multivariable fractional polynomial interaction (MFPI) analysis was conducted to assess the effects of higher versus lower BP levels across the full range of FPG levels. Heatmaps were created to visualize the contributions of BP and FPG by categorizing them into ordered groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Quantile regression revealed consistent positive correlations between mean arterial pressure (MAP) and FPG, with a steeper increase in MAP coefficients above the 0.5 quantile of FPG. MAP had a non-linear positive association with SGA risk, while FPG showed a non-linear negative association. Heatmaps revealed the highest SGA risk with high BP (MAP ≥ 85 mmHg)/low glucose (< 85 mg/dL) combinations and the lowest risk with low BP (MAP < 85 mmHg)/high glucose (≥ 85 mg/dL), with equivalent risk at both high BP/high glucose and low BP/low glucose. In hypertensive patients, SGA risk worsened continuously as glucose levels decreased. LGA risk was not influenced by BP levels. Neonatal complications decreased by approximately 47% as MAP declined from the highest to lowest category, and by about 17% with decreasing glucose levels.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Based on a large pregnancy cohort in China, this study revealed an interdependent association between maternal BP and glucose levels and their combined impact on the risk of SGA. It provided quantitative evidence of how this interdependence shapes the transition of risk patterns for SGA, neonatal complications, and LGA. These findings underscore the need for an integrated approach to co-managing BP and glucose levels during pregnancy.</p>","PeriodicalId":9188,"journal":{"name":"BMC Medicine","volume":"23 1","pages":"161"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11909891/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143633674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reduced risks of influenza-associated hospitalization and complications following vaccination among over 2 million older individuals: a nationwide study using target trial emulation framework.","authors":"Zi-Yang Peng, Yun-Ting Hua, Wan-Ting Huang, Jin-Shang Wu, Huang-Tz Ou","doi":"10.1186/s12916-025-03955-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12916-025-03955-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Current evidence on influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE), which is predominately derived from small high-risk older populations and focuses on specific influenza-related complications, might not be generalizable to real-world older populations with diverse characteristics in Taiwan. Therefore, this observational study with a target trial emulation framework aimed to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of an influenza vaccine on influenza infection, complications, and associated healthcare utilization and costs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>1,214,392 propensity-score-matched pairs of vaccinated and unvaccinated older populations from the influenza season of 2018/2019 were identified from Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database. VE (estimated as 1 minus hazard ratio [HR]*100%) and the HRs were used for influenza events and associated complications, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Primary analyses show 14% (10-18%) of VE against influenza-associated hospitalization, irrespective of age, frailty status, and underlying influenza risk. Notably, a decline in VE for influenza-associated hospitalization was observed when the observational period following vaccination was extended (25% [19-30%], 23% [18-28%], and 14% [10-18%] for the intervals October 2018-March 2019, October 2018-May 2019, and October 2018-September 2019, respectively). Compared with non-vaccination, having an influenza vaccination significantly reduced risks of influenza-associated death by 30%, various respiratory by 12-26%, cardiovascular complications by 39-47%, and acute kidney injury by 23%. Approximately savings of USD 3,000,000 in total from averting influenza-associated hospitalization following vaccination were found. The non-significant effects of the influenza vaccine on negative control outcomes support the validity of the study procedures.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>VE for severe influenza events (i.e., those requiring hospitalization) and related complications among the real-world older population was corroborated. To avoid severe influenza episodes and complications and minimize associated economic consequences, continuous influenza vaccine uptake over different influenza seasons is recommended for this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":9188,"journal":{"name":"BMC Medicine","volume":"23 1","pages":"157"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11907999/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143623642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differences in plasma metabolome between non-Hispanic White and non-Hispanic Black women.","authors":"Ghazaleh Pourali, Liang Li, Myung Sik Jeon, Jingqin Luo, Chongliang Luo, Adetunji T Toriola","doi":"10.1186/s12916-025-03988-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12916-025-03988-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To understand potential racial differences in disease susceptibility and develop targeted prevention strategies, it is essential to establish biological differences between racial groups in healthy individuals. However, knowledge about how race impacts metabolites is limited. We therefore performed a cross-sectional study using comprehensive metabolomics analysis to investigate racial differences in metabolites among 506 non-Hispanic White (NHW) women and 163 non-Hispanic Black (NHB) women.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed untargeted plasma metabolomic profiling using Metabolon's platform (Durham, NC®) and identified 1074 metabolites in 9 super-pathways. We used multivariable linear regression models, adjusted for confounders, to identify associations between race and metabolites. We applied a Bonferroni correction (p-value < 10^-5) to account for multiple testing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified 26 metabolites that differed significantly between NHW and NHB women. Seven, 10, 17, and 23 metabolites showed absolute percentage differences ≥ 50, ≥ 40%, ≥ 30%, and ≥ 20%, respectively. Xenobiotics (n = 5) and amino acids (n = 2) exhibited the largest absolute percentage differences (≥ 50%) between NHB and NHW women. In the xenobiotics super-pathway, NHB women had higher thymol sulfate, 2-naphthol sulfate, and 2-hydroxyfluorene sulfate, derived from the exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, while NHW women had higher xanthine metabolites. In the amino acid super-pathway, lysine and tryptophan metabolites were lower in NHB women.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We report differences in several metabolites between NHW and NHB women. These findings require validation in a different study and could provide insight into investigating how racial differences in metabolites may impact disease burden across diverse populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":9188,"journal":{"name":"BMC Medicine","volume":"23 1","pages":"159"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11908082/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143623564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence, trends, and geographic distribution of human papillomavirus infection in Chinese women: a summative analysis of 2,728,321 cases.","authors":"Sirui Han, Mengyue Lin, Mengyu Liu, Shiwan Wu, Pi Guo, Jiubiao Guo, Longxu Xie, Song Qiu, Aijuan Xu, Yingmu Cai, Yequn Chen","doi":"10.1186/s12916-025-03975-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12916-025-03975-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cervical cancer (CC), primarily caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, remains a significant global health concern. We aimed to comprehensively investigate the epidemiological status of HPV in China.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from 2,728,321 women undergoing routine cervical examinations at 2127 medical institutions nationwide from January 2017 to June 2023 were analyzed. HPV genotype testing was conducted using HPV DNA typing kits.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall HPV prevalence was 17.70%, with 13.12% classified as high-risk HPV (HR-HPV) and 4.58% as low-risk HPV (LR-HPV). Notably, HPV52 emerged as the most common carcinogenic type, followed by HPV58 and HPV16. Age-specific prevalence revealed a bimodal distribution, with peaks observed in women under 21 and over 61 years of age. Geographically, the south (19.48%) exhibited the highest infection rate, while the northwest (12.36%) had the lowest. Furthermore, HPV infection rates were higher during winter and spring. Although HPV infection rates have remained stable overall over the past 7 years, the infection rate in 2023 (14.76%) has declined relative to 2017 (16.17%) (P < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study provides comprehensive insight into HPV epidemiology in China and guidance for future vaccine development and cervical cancer prevention strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":9188,"journal":{"name":"BMC Medicine","volume":"23 1","pages":"158"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11907810/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143623641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hypoxia tolerance determine differential gelsenicine-induced neurotoxicity between pig and mouse.","authors":"Chong-Yin Huang, Meng-Ting Zuo, Xue-Jia Qi, Meng-Die Gong, Wen-Bo Xu, Si-Yu Meng, Jiang-Yu Long, Pi-Shun Li, Zhi-Liang Sun, Xiao-Feng Zheng, Zhao-Ying Liu","doi":"10.1186/s12916-025-03984-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12916-025-03984-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Gelsemium elegans (G. elegans) is widely recognized as one of the most toxic plants globally, particularly harmful to humans. Some reports indicate that it is non-toxic to pigs and even has a growth-promoting effect; however, the underlying reasons for this paradox remain unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Gelsenicine is the main toxic component of G. elegans. This study characterized gelsenicine-induced toxicity using electrophysiological recordings, molecular dynamic simulations, c-Fos immunostaining, and multi-omics technologies. Additionally, we conducted a comprehensive analysis comparing the toxic effects of gelsenicine across various animal species through examinations of tissue distribution, blood gas analysis, metabonomics, and behavioral tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We demonstrated that gelsenicine-induced hypoxia leads to respiratory depression in mice by enhancing the effect of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) on GABA receptors (GABARs). Glycine significantly ameliorated hypoxia and improved the survival of gelsenicine-poisoned mice. Under gelsenicine-induced hypoxic conditions, N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor function and mitochondrial energy metabolism processes were perturbed, resulting in neuronal excitotoxicity. Finally, we confirmed that pigs could tolerate hypoxia and were resistant to gelsenicine toxicity due to high concentrations of circulating glycine and low levels of NMDA receptors (NMDARs) in the hippocampus.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings suggest that hypoxic protection should be considered as a potential therapeutic strategy for gelsenicine poisoning. Our study contributes to preventing potential risks posed by G. elegans poisoning to human and animal health.</p>","PeriodicalId":9188,"journal":{"name":"BMC Medicine","volume":"23 1","pages":"156"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11905507/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143613365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}