BiorheologyPub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.3233/BIR-201011
Xiaotong Zhu, Keying Zhang, Li He, Fuyuan Liao, Yuanchun Ren, Yih-Kuen Jan
{"title":"Spectral analysis of blood flow oscillations to assess the plantar skin blood flow regulation in response to preconditioning local vibrations.","authors":"Xiaotong Zhu, Keying Zhang, Li He, Fuyuan Liao, Yuanchun Ren, Yih-Kuen Jan","doi":"10.3233/BIR-201011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/BIR-201011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Local vibration has shown promise in improving skin blood flow and wound healing. However, the underlying mechanism of local vibration as a preconditioning intervention to alter plantar skin blood flow after walking is unclear.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective was to use wavelet analysis of skin blood flow oscillations to investigate the effect of preconditioning local vibration on plantar tissues after walking.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A double-blind, repeated measures design was tested in 10 healthy participants. The protocol included 10-min baseline, 10-min local vibrations (100 Hz or sham), 10-min walking, and 10-min recovery periods. Skin blood flow was measured over the first metatarsal head of the right foot during the baseline and recovery periods. Wavelet amplitudes after walking were expressed as the ratio of the wavelet amplitude before walking.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed the significant difference in the metabolic (vibration 10.06 ± 1.97, sham 5.78 ± 1.53, p < 0.01) and neurogenic (vibration 7.45 ± 1.54, sham 4.78 ± 1.22, p < 0.01) controls. There were no significant differences in the myogenic, respiratory and cardiac controls between the preconditioning local vibration and sham conditions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our results showed that preconditioning local vibration altered the normalization rates of plantar skin blood flow after walking by stimulating the metabolic and neurogenic controls.</p>","PeriodicalId":9167,"journal":{"name":"Biorheology","volume":"58 1-2","pages":"39-49"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3233/BIR-201011","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38906381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BiorheologyPub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.3233/BIR-201016
Alper Turgut, Özlem Yalçin
{"title":"Applications of deep learning to the assessment of red blood cell deformability.","authors":"Alper Turgut, Özlem Yalçin","doi":"10.3233/BIR-201016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/BIR-201016","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND\u0000Measurement of abnormal Red Blood Cell (RBC) deformability is a main indicator of Sickle Cell Anemia (SCA) and requires standardized quantification methods. Ektacytometry is commonly used to estimate the fraction of Sickled Cells (SCs) by measuring the deformability of RBCs from laser diffraction patterns under varying shear stress. In addition to estimations from model comparisons, use of maximum Elongation Index differences (ΔEImax) at different laser intensity levels was recently proposed for the estimation of SC fractions.\u0000\u0000\u0000OBJECTIVE\u0000Implement a convolutional neural network to accurately estimate rigid-cell fraction and RBC concentration from laser diffraction patterns without using a theoretical model and eliminating the ektacytometer dependency for deformability measurements.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHODS\u0000RBCs were collected from control patients. Rigid-cell fraction experiments were performed using varying concentrations of glutaraldehyde. Serial dilutions were used for varying the concentration of RBC. A convolutional neural network was constructed using Python and TensorFlow.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000Our measurements and model predictions show that a linear relationship between ΔEImax and rigid-cell fraction exists only for rigid-cell fractions less than 0.2. Our proposed neural network architecture can be used successfully for both RBC concentration and rigid-cell fraction estimations without a need for a theoretical model.","PeriodicalId":9167,"journal":{"name":"Biorheology","volume":"58 1-2","pages":"51-60"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3233/BIR-201016","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39067766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BiorheologyPub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.3233/BIR-219901
{"title":"2nd Joint Meeting of the The European Society for Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation The International Society for Clinical Hemorheology The International Society of Biorheology July 4-7, 2021.","authors":"","doi":"10.3233/BIR-219901","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/BIR-219901","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9167,"journal":{"name":"Biorheology","volume":"58 3-4","pages":"63-91"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39826524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BiorheologyPub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.3233/BIR-201001
Neha Sharma, Sudeep Sastry, John M Sankovic, Jaikrishnan R Kadambi, Rupak K Banerjee
{"title":"Influence of near-wall PIV data on recirculation hemodynamics in a patient-specific moderate stenosis: Experimental-numerical comparison.","authors":"Neha Sharma, Sudeep Sastry, John M Sankovic, Jaikrishnan R Kadambi, Rupak K Banerjee","doi":"10.3233/BIR-201001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/BIR-201001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Recirculation zones within the blood vessels are known to influence the initiation and progression of atherosclerotic lesions. Quantification of recirculation parameters with accuracy remains subjective due to uncertainties in measurement of velocity and derived wall shear stress (WSS).</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The primary aim is to determine recirculation height and length from PIV experiments while validating with two different numerical methods: finite-element (FE) and -volume (FV). Secondary aim is to analyze how FE and FV compare within themselves.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PIV measurements were performed to obtain velocity profiles at eight cross sections downstream of stenosis at flow rate of 200 ml/min. WSS was obtained by linear/quadratic interpolation of experimental velocity measurements close to wall.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Recirculation length obtained from PIV technique was 1.47 cm and was within 2.2% of previously reported in-vitro measurements. Derived recirculation length from PIV agreed within 6.8% and 8.2% of the FE and FV calculations, respectively. For lower shear rate, linear interpolation with five data points results in least error. For higher shear rate either higher order (quadratic) interpolation with five data points or lower order (linear) with lesser (three) data points leads to better results.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Accuracy of the recirculation parameters is dependent on number of near wall PIV data points and the type of interpolation algorithm used.</p>","PeriodicalId":9167,"journal":{"name":"Biorheology","volume":"57 2-4","pages":"53-76"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3233/BIR-201001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38598446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BiorheologyPub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.3233/BIR-200240
Ömer Faruk Çırakoğlu, Ahmet Oguz Aslan, Ahmet Seyda Yilmaz, Selim Kul, İhsan Dursun
{"title":"Usefulness of whole blood viscosity estimated by de Simeone's formula to predict left ventricular thrombus formation within one year following acute anterior myocardial infarction.","authors":"Ömer Faruk Çırakoğlu, Ahmet Oguz Aslan, Ahmet Seyda Yilmaz, Selim Kul, İhsan Dursun","doi":"10.3233/BIR-200240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/BIR-200240","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Despite improvements in treatment of ST-segment myocardial infarction (STEMI), thrombus formation in the left ventricle is still a concerning complication that may lead to systemic thromboembolism and stroke.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate the predictive value of estimated whole blood viscosity (WBV) for left ventricular thrombus development in patients surviving an acute anterior myocardial infarction (AAMI).MATERIALS & METHODS:Seven hundred eighty AAMI patients who were treated percutaneously were enrolled consecutively. Serial echocardiographic examinations were performed within 24h of admission, before hospital discharge, and at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months following hospital discharge. WBV was calculated according to de Simones formula.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>One hundred patients (12.8%) developed thrombus formation within one year following AAMI. Patients with left ventricular thrombus (LVT) had significantly higher WBV values. Supramedian values of WBV at both low (0.5 sec-1) and high (208 sec-1) shear rates were found to be an independent predictor of LVT development.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>As an easily accessible parameter, WBV might be a useful predictor of LVT formation within one year following acute anterior myocardial infarction.</p>","PeriodicalId":9167,"journal":{"name":"Biorheology","volume":"57 1","pages":"37-51"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3233/BIR-200240","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37965791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Development of margination of platelet-sized particles in red blood cell suspensions flowing through Y-shaped bifurcating microchannels.","authors":"Masako Sugihara-Seki, Tenki Onozawa, Nozomi Takinouchi, Tomoaki Itano, Junji Seki","doi":"10.3233/BIR-201010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/BIR-201010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In the blood flow through microvessels, platelets exhibit enhanced concentrations in the layer free of red blood cells (cell-free layer) adjacent to the vessel wall. The motion of platelets in the cell-free layer plays an essential role in their interaction with the vessel wall, and hence it affects their functions of hemostasis and thrombosis.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We aimed to estimate the diffusivity of platelet-sized particles in the transverse direction (the direction of vorticity) across the channel width in the cell-free layer by in vitro experiments for the microchannel flow of red blood cell (RBC) suspensions containing platelet-sized particles.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fluorescence microscope observations were performed to measure the transverse distribution of spherical particles immersed in RBC suspensions flowing through a Y-shaped bifurcating microchannel. We examined the development of the particle concentration profiles along the flow direction in the daughter channels, starting from asymmetric distributions with low concentrations on the inner side of the bifurcation at the inlet of the daughter channels.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In daughter channels of 40 μm width, reconstruction of particle margination revealed that a symmetric concentration profile was attained in ∼30 mm from the bifurcation, independent of flow rate.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We presented experimental evidence of particle margination developing in a bifurcating flow channel where the diffusivity of 2.9-μm diameter particles was estimated to be ∼40 μm2/s at a shear rate of 1000 s-1 and hematocrit of 0.2.</p>","PeriodicalId":9167,"journal":{"name":"Biorheology","volume":"57 2-4","pages":"101-116"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3233/BIR-201010","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25317571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BiorheologyPub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.3233/BIR-190229
Daniele Borin, Brisa Peña, Matthew R G Taylor, Luisa Mestroni, Romano Lapasin, Orfeo Sbaizero
{"title":"Viscoelastic behavior of cardiomyocytes carrying LMNA mutations.","authors":"Daniele Borin, Brisa Peña, Matthew R G Taylor, Luisa Mestroni, Romano Lapasin, Orfeo Sbaizero","doi":"10.3233/BIR-190229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/BIR-190229","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Laminopathies are genetic diseases caused by mutations in the nuclear lamina.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Given the clinical impact of laminopathies, understanding mechanical properties of cells bearing lamin mutations will lead to advancement in the treatment of heart failure.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to analyze the viscoelastic behavior of neonatal rat ventricular myocyte cells expressing three human lamin A/C gene (LMNA) mutations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Cell storage modulus was characterized, by two plateaus, one in the low frequency range, a second one at higher frequencies. The loss modulus instead showed a \"bell\" shape with a relaxation toward fluid properties at lower frequencies. Mutations shifted the relaxation to higher frequencies, rendering the networks more solid-like. This increase of stiffness with mutations (solid like behavior) was at frequencies around 1 Hz, close to the human heart rate.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These features resulted from a combination of the properties of cytoskeleton filaments and their temporary cross-linker. Our results substantiate that cross-linked filaments contribute, for the most part, to the mechanical strength of the cytoskeleton of the cell studied and the relaxation time is determined by the dissociation dynamics of the cross-linking proteins. The severity of biomechanical defects due to these LMNA mutations correlated with the severity of the clinical phenotype.</p>","PeriodicalId":9167,"journal":{"name":"Biorheology","volume":"57 1","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3233/BIR-190229","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37665888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}