Breast Cancer : Basic and Clinical Research最新文献

{"title":"Evaluation of Recurrence Rate in Canadian Patients With Stage II/III HR+/HER2- Early Breast Cancer in the Real-World Setting.","authors":"Karen Gambaro, Kahina Rachedi, Mark Basik, Fred Saad, Anne-Marie Mes-Masson, Saima Hassan, Adriana Orimoto, Dominique Boudreau, François Vincent, Eve St-Hilaire, Helen Mackay, Mahmoud Abdelsalam, Steven M Yip, Arif Awan, Robert Hanel, Stéphanie Guillemette, Ricardo Leite, Marc-André Caron, Chandni Patel, Gerald Batist, Maud Marques","doi":"10.1177/11782234251395892","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11782234251395892","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer and second leading cause of cancer-related mortality among Canadian women. Most of cases belong to the HR+/HER2- subtype, representing approximately two-thirds of all instances.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This real-world evidence study aims to comprehensively analyze the treatment pattern, and clinical outcomes of Canadian patients diagnosed with early-stage HR+/HER2- breast cancer.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>This retrospective, longitudinal cohort study involved 541 patients enrolled in the pan-Canadian cancer patient registry PMT (Personalize My Treatment).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The cohort included patients with newly diagnosed or recurrent stage II or III HR+/HER2- breast cancer between January 1st, 1992, and May 31st, 2022. Summary statistic to describe treatment pattern and Kaplan Meir analysis for clinical outcome were used.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the adjuvant setting, our study found that ET was administered to 75.6% of the cohort, with a significant preference for combining ET with cytotoxic agents and, particularly in stage III patients. In addition, neoadjuvant therapy, primarily using cytotoxic agents, was higher in stage III patients, and those receiving neoadjuvant therapy were more likely to either continue with ET as adjuvant treatment. The median duration of adjuvant ET was 4.5 years. In the adjuvant patient population, recurrence rates progressively increased over time from 13.2% after 2 years, 21.4% after 3 years, 30.3% after 5 years, and peaking at 58.4% after 10 years. Median time to recurrence for the patient population on ET was 7.76 years. OS rate for patients on ET was 94.6% at 5 years and 78.3% at 10 years.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study highlights the high unmet need in stage II and stage III breast cancer, with 1 patient out of 3 recurring after 5 years, and more than half recurring after 10 years despite adjuvant treatment with ET alone. This highlights the need for more effective and tolerable treatment options to address disease recurrence in both the short and long term for eBC HR+/HER2- patients in Canada.</p>","PeriodicalId":9163,"journal":{"name":"Breast Cancer : Basic and Clinical Research","volume":"19 ","pages":"11782234251395892"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12669536/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145667088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ki67 Expression and Its Association With Clinicopathological Factors and Intrinsic Subtypes of Male Breast Cancer in Uganda: A Cross-sectional Study.","authors":"Tonny Okecha, James J Yahaya, Ali Waiswa, Veronica Nyakato, Anatoli Mawanda, Naghib Bogere, Linda A Lutada, Nixon Niyonzima","doi":"10.1177/11782234251392693","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11782234251392693","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Male breast cancer (MBC) is a rare disease entity globally with poor prognosis compared with female breast cancer; however, studies reporting on MBC are rare especially in resource-limited settings.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>We aimed to study the expression of Ki67 and its association with clinicopathological factors and intrinsic subtypes among male patients with breast cancer (BC) from a resource-limited setting.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>This was a cross-sectional study which included retrospective data.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study included data of 54 males with BC who were diagnosed from January 2014 to December 2024. The study was conducted at the Department of Pathology, Uganda Cancer Institute (UCI) in Kampala Uganda from February to June 2025. Data were extracted from the electronic dataset and patients' clinical files and laboratory forms. One-way analysis of variance statistical test was used to assess the association of Ki67 absolute value (mean) with clinical and pathological factors and intrinsic subtypes of BC, followed by performing multivariable linear regression analysis for adjusting for confounding factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age of the patients was 56.4 ± 15.1 years, and the youngest patient had 25 years. Majority 68.5% (38/54) of the patients had advanced disease (stage III and IV). Also, majority 68.5% (37/54) of the cases comprised of ER+, PR+, and HER2- intrinsic subtype. Only intrinsic subtypes of BC (95% confidence interval [CI] = 3.397-16.503, <i>P</i> = .032) and PR status (95% CI = 5.693-24.397, <i>P</i> = .042) remained the predictors of Ki67 expression after performing multivariable linear regression analysis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings of this study have shown high expression in cases of MBC which are triple negative and negative PR status. This indicates that high Ki67 expression in MBC may be used in stratification of male patients with BC based on disease aggressiveness.</p>","PeriodicalId":9163,"journal":{"name":"Breast Cancer : Basic and Clinical Research","volume":"19 ","pages":"11782234251392693"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12665029/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145652957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Memantine, an NMDA Receptor Antagonist, Attenuates Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiac Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Mouse 4T1 Breast Cancer Model.","authors":"Amirhosein Ghafouri-Asbagh, Koorosh Tabatabaei, Haleh Vaez, Ali Jafarizadeh, Hossein Saeedi, Behrooz Shokouhi, Behzad Baradaran","doi":"10.1177/11782234251393421","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11782234251393421","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women, and chemotherapy is a key treatment option. Doxorubicin is frequently used for breast cancer but poses a risk of cardiotoxicity. Recently, memantine, an N-Methyl-D-aspartate antagonist, has shown both antitumor and cardioprotective effects.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>We conducted a study to examine the combined effects of doxorubicin and memantine on the 4T1 cell line in a breast cancer animal model and to assess memantine's potential in reducing doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in breast cancer model mouse.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>The 4T1 cell line was cultured and subsequently inoculated into mice. After that animals were randomly divided into four groups: (1) control, (2) memantine, (3) doxorubicin, and (4) memantine + doxorubicin.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>After 30 days, mice were sacrificed, and their lungs, liver, and heart were collected for histological analysis. Myeloperoxidase, Malondialdehyde, and TNF-α levels in cardiac tissues were measured, and the TUNEL test was conducted for breast tumors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our results showed that memantine + doxorubicin reduced MDA activity and TNF-α levels in cardiac tissue in comparison to the doxorubicin group. TUNEL test revealed that the memantine + doxorubicin group demonstrated significantly more tumor cell apoptosis than the mice in other groups (<i>P</i>-value < 0.05), although tumor volume reduction was not significantly greater than that in the doxorubicin group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study is the first to demonstrate that memantine can enhance the therapeutic efficacy of doxorubicin chemotherapy while also reducing doxorubicin-induced cardiac oxidative stress and inflammation in a breast cancer model.</p>","PeriodicalId":9163,"journal":{"name":"Breast Cancer : Basic and Clinical Research","volume":"19 ","pages":"11782234251393421"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12663047/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145647209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Utilization of Wire-Guided Localization in the Management of Nonpalpable Breast Lumps at a Teaching Hospital in Ghana.","authors":"Hafisatu Gbadamosi, Josephine Nsaful, Yaw Boateng Mensah, Florence Dedey, Simpson Mensah, Dinah Essah, Joe-Nat Clegg-Lamptey","doi":"10.1177/11782234251392708","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11782234251392708","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Breast cancer is the highest cause of female cancer deaths worldwide. Africa bears the brunt of this devastating disease mainly due to a lack of awareness and late presentation. Recently, a new cohort of patients in some jurisdictions in Africa have presented with small nonpalpable breast tumors due to early detection or following neoadjuvant chemotherapy.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study documented the initial experience of wire-guided localization of nonpalpable breast tumors in a Ghanaian tertiary hospital, used to facilitate the achievement of negative surgical margins.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a retrospective evaluation and analysis of clinical, radiological, and histopathological data of 45 patients who had image-guided wire localization of nonpalpable lumps immediately prior to surgical excision at the Korle Bu Teaching Hospital over more than a 4-year period. The study evaluated the preprocedural radiological diagnosis, tumor size, histology, and completeness of resection.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Median age at presentation was 50 years. Clinical indications of these nonpalpable lesions included 13.3% post neoadjuvant chemotherapy and 40.0% of chemotherapy naive histologically diagnosed breast cancers. The median size of the excised lesions was 13 mm. Excision was associated with clear margins in most cases. Up to 53.3% of the lesions were malignant, out of which invasive ductal carcinoma NST was the commonest histology.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Ultrasound-guided wire localization has proven to be a beneficial tool in breast-conserving surgery in an LMIC environment. More than half the pathologies localized were malignant, with 96% showing clear margins.</p>","PeriodicalId":9163,"journal":{"name":"Breast Cancer : Basic and Clinical Research","volume":"19 ","pages":"11782234251392708"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12644419/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145629715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MMP2 rs243865 and MMP8 rs11225395 Gene Polymorphisms Are Correlated With Breast Cancer Risk in Bangladeshi Women: Evidence From a Case-Control Study.","authors":"Anamika Datta, Sayma Binte Mohammad, Khokon Kanti Bhowmik, Md Abdul Barek, Arafat Miah, Md Shafiul Hossen, Md Saddam Hussain, Mohammad Safiqul Islam","doi":"10.1177/11782234251392714","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11782234251392714","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Variants of the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) gene have been associated with multiple malignancies, including stomach, bladder, lung, breast, melanoma, squamous cell skin, and colorectal cancers. Genetic factors often slightly to moderately increase the risk of breast cancer.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study was conducted to ascertain the correlation between breast cancer patients in Bangladesh and the <i>MMP2</i> rs243865 and <i>MMP8</i> rs11225395 polymorphisms.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A case-control study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The tetra-primer amplification refractory mutation system polymerase chain reaction (ARMS-PCR) was used for genotyping of 324 healthy individuals and 315 individuals with breast cancer. In addition, we performed in silico expression analysis of <i>MMP2</i> and <i>MMP8</i> genes using different databases, such as GEPIA, UALCAN, and GTEx.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the case of <i>MMP2</i> rs243865 polymorphism, additive model 1 (OR = 1.90, 95% CI = 1.03-3.52), dominant model (OR = 2.07, 95% CI = 1.15-3.72), overdominant model (OR = 1.83, 95% CI = 0.99-3.38), and allelic (OR = 1.93, 95% CI = 1.17-3.17) model were significantly associated with enhanced breast cancer risk. For the <i>MMP8</i> rs11225395 polymorphism, none of the genetic models showed a significant association with increased breast cancer risk. The logistic regression analyses were adjusted for response status (age, BMI, and marital status). In silico analysis showed that <i>MMP2</i> was more highly expressed in normal tissues, whereas <i>MMP8</i> was more highly expressed in breast tissues.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings imply that <i>MMP2</i> (rs243865) polymorphisms correlate with higher breast carcinoma risk but have no relationship with <i>MMP8</i> (rs11225395) polymorphisms in the Bangladeshi female population.</p>","PeriodicalId":9163,"journal":{"name":"Breast Cancer : Basic and Clinical Research","volume":"19 ","pages":"11782234251392714"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12644440/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145629705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Juvenile Fibroadenoma Detected at 2 Years and Rapid Growth at Thelarche: Case Report and Literature Review.","authors":"Benedikt Schaefgen, Stephanie Buchen, Hans-Peter Sinn","doi":"10.1177/11782234241306209","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11782234241306209","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Juvenile fibroadenoma typically is seen in the adolescent patient and has distinctive clinical and histopathological features that are related to the early onset of the benign tumor. Only rarely can juvenile fibroadenoma occur as a prepubertal lesion or may be detected earlier in childhood, raising questions about differential diagnosis and management of the lesion. We present a case of very early first manifestation of juvenile fibroadenoma in a 2-year-old patient. Under clinical observation and conservative management over a 7-year period, there was no progression. At the age of 9 years, rapid growth of the lesion occurred causing clinical symptoms. Complete surgical excision resulted in a good clinical outcome. Histologically, the diagnosis of juvenile fibroadenoma was made. In summary, juvenile fibroadenoma is the most common breast neoplasia in adolescents and may cause excessive unilateral growth resulting in gross asymmetry and pain. However, it can be detectable in early childhood and after a dormant period of several years, as in this case, lead to sudden massive growth at the onset of puberty. The clinical management should include an interdisciplinary treatment approach with gynecology, pediatrics, and pediatric surgery to balance the risks and benefits of conservative management. Surgical removal can be safely postponed until it becomes necessary due to clinical symptoms.</p>","PeriodicalId":9163,"journal":{"name":"Breast Cancer : Basic and Clinical Research","volume":"19 ","pages":"11782234241306209"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12414121/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145022842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the Prognostic Value of Obesity, Vitamin D Concentrations, and Systemic Inflammatory Response Indexes (SIRI, SII, PIV) in Patients With Breast Cancer Scheduled for Neoadjuvant Treatment.","authors":"Beata Kotowicz, Malgorzata Fuksiewicz, Magdalena Jodkiewicz, Agata Makowka, Agnieszka Jagiełło-Gruszfeld","doi":"10.1177/11782234251369463","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11782234251369463","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The purpose of this study was to determine the prognostic utility of vitamin D concentrations and BMI (body mass index) values and the systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), the systemic inflammation response index (SIRI) and the pan-immune-inflammation value (PIV) to predict the achievement of a complete response to neoadjuvant treatment (NAT) in patients with breast cancer. The correlations between systemic inflammatory response indices and vitamin D concentrations and BMI values were also analysed.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The study included 96 patients with breast cancer, prior to the start of NAT, of which 51 patients were diagnosed with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and 45 patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2 (HER2)-positive type.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The SIRI and PIV indices were shown to be significantly higher in patients with TNBC (<i>P</i> = .001; <i>P</i> = .001) than in patients with HER2. There were no statistical differences in SII, SIRI, PIV, BMI, and vitamin D, according to the response to NAT treatment (pCR vs non-pCR). In the HER2+ group without pCR after NAT, there was a positive correlation of the SII coefficient with BMI values (<i>R</i> = .41; <i>P</i> = .045). Furthermore, in the entire HER2+ group (irrespective of the NAT response), SII values were negatively correlated with vitamin D levels (<i>R</i> = -0.39; <i>P</i> = .008).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In patients with breast cancer, high SIRI and PIV values may indicate the biological subtype of TNBC. In the HER2+ group, higher SII values were associated with low vitamin D concentrations and elevated BMI.</p>","PeriodicalId":9163,"journal":{"name":"Breast Cancer : Basic and Clinical Research","volume":"19 ","pages":"11782234251369463"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12378307/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144943164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tumor Immune Response as a Biomarker for Metastasis-Free Survival of Breast Cancer and Immune Checkpoint Inhibition Therapy: A Retrospective Cohort Study.","authors":"Chung-Wu Lin, Kai-Ming Chang, Wen-Hui Ku, Kuo-Jang Kao","doi":"10.1177/11782234251363665","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11782234251363665","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Breast cancers (BRCs) can be classified into 6 molecular subtypes based on gene expression profiles. Previous research suggests that tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes are associated with metastasis-free survival (MFS) in triple-negative and HER2-overexpressing BRC.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Our study aims to investigate further how the immune response (IR) may impact MFS in different molecular subtypes of BRC.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A single hospital-based retrospective cohort study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A training series of 327 BRCs was used to identify 297 IR transcripts that were correlated with the T cell-associated CD3D transcript or the B cell-associated CD19 transcript. Using these IR transcripts, each of the 6 molecular subtypes was hierarchically clustered into high and low immune responders. An IR score based on the average of the 297 IR transcripts was determined for each BRC. Correlations between the IR score and 3 signatures for IR or response to immune checkpoint inhibition therapy (ICIT) were investigated. A series of 884 BRCs from public datasets was used for confirmation, and the other independent series of 988 BRCs was used for validation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>For subtype I, high immune responders had a statistically significantly better MFS than low immune responders in all the training, confirmation, and validation series by Kaplan-Meier survival analysis (<i>P</i> = .0039, .049, .039, log-rank test). The same trend was observed for subtype II (<i>P</i> = .16, .052, .015) and subtype IV (<i>P</i> = .0078, .0002, .12). Our IR scores were linearly correlated with the Teschendorff, the T-effector and IFNg, and the T-cell inflamed signatures for IR or ICIT. The IR scores were also linearly correlated with the expression of 6 different immune checkpoint genes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Tumor IR is a biomarker for MFS for BRCs of I, II, and IV subtypes. Our study supports the potential use of the IR score for identifying patients responsive to ICIT.</p>","PeriodicalId":9163,"journal":{"name":"Breast Cancer : Basic and Clinical Research","volume":"19 ","pages":"11782234251363665"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12375856/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144943149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2-Low Breast Cancer: Prevalence Rate and Scoring Concordance Among Pathologists.","authors":"Maher Sughayer, Ghada Al-Jussani, Ahmed Salem, Yassin Mullahwaish, Fanar Alsmarat, Dua Abuquteish","doi":"10.1177/11782234251363664","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11782234251363664","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Breast cancer with low expression of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) has emerged as a new category benefiting from anti-HER2 therapies. This study evaluated the prevalence of HER2-low expression and concordance of HER2 scoring among pathologists at King Hussein Cancer Center (KHCC) in Jordan.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To determine the prevalence of HER2-low breast cancer tumors and evaluate the interpathologist concordance in HER2 scoring using the 2018 American Society of Clinical Oncology/College of American Pathologists (ASCO/CAP) guidelines.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>This is a retrospective observational study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In total, 116 breast cancer samples were randomly selected from routine practice at KHCC. Each tumor was scored for HER2 expression by 3 pathologists independently using the 2018 ASCO/CAP guidelines. Concordance among pathologists was evaluated using Fleiss' kappa and Cohen's weighted kappa statistics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The original HER2 scoring revealed 7 tumors (6%) as HER2-negative (0 immunohistochemistry [IHC] score), 84 (72.4%) as HER2-low (including tumors with 1+ IHC score or 2+ IHC score with negative fluorescence in situ hybridization [FISH]), 21 (18.1%) as HER2-positive (including tumors with 3+ IHC score or 2+ IHC score with positive FISH), and 4 (3.4%) as equivocal (2+ IHC score with no FISH). Consensus scoring showed 1+ as the most frequent HER2 score. Complete agreement among all 3 pathologists occurred in 78 tumors (67.2%), while high agreement (agreement among 2 pathologists) occurred in 38 tumors (32.8%). Cohen's weighted kappa ranged from 0.691 to 0.849, indicating substantial agreement. The Fleiss kappa of overall agreement on HER2 scoring was 0.645.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study highlights a significant prevalence of HER2-low tumors among the randomly selected sample of Jordanian breast cancer patients and demonstrates substantial interpathologist agreement in HER2 scoring. These findings underscore the importance of standardized HER2 scoring and the potential impact of emerging therapies on a large patient population in Jordan.</p>","PeriodicalId":9163,"journal":{"name":"Breast Cancer : Basic and Clinical Research","volume":"19 ","pages":"11782234251363664"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12371226/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144943115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prospects and Challenges of Different Delivery Systems in Breast Tumors Therapy.","authors":"Cunjun Mai, Huiyang Tang, Guie Lai, Lulin Liu, Wenzhen Huang, Kang He, Qingyang Liu, You Sun, Dongmin Yu","doi":"10.1177/11782234251365941","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11782234251365941","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Breast cancer (BC) is the most prevalent malignancy in women. The emergence of targeted therapies and advancements in comprehensive treatment protocols have significantly improved survival outcomes for patients with early-stage BC. However, individuals with refractory BC, particularly those who have received multiple lines of therapy or presented with distant metastases at diagnosis, continue to face challenges due to the limitations of conventional antibodies and cytotoxic agents in meeting therapeutic needs. Thus, the development of novel and effective treatments for BC, along with strategies to prevent recurrence, remains an urgent priority. Research has shown that nanodrug delivery systems can modify the pharmacokinetic profiles of traditional chemotherapeutic agents, thereby markedly reducing adverse drug reactions. Furthermore, studies have demonstrated that innovative approaches, such as hyaluronic acid-based systems, ultrasound-mediated microbubbles, and antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), enable targeted and controlled drug release, offering advantages including high drug efficacy, reduced toxicity, and significant antitumor effects. Among these, ADCs have gained increasing attention in BC therapy over recent years. This article provides a comprehensive review of the development and progress of various drug delivery systems in BC treatment, offering an in-depth analysis of their potential applications in clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":9163,"journal":{"name":"Breast Cancer : Basic and Clinical Research","volume":"19 ","pages":"11782234251365941"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12357079/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144871514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}